急性肾盂肾炎幻灯ppt课件

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(2)Acute Pyelonephritis 急性肾盂肾炎
➢ Urinary irritation symptoms; ➢ Flank pain; ➢ Costovertebral tenderness;肋脊角压痛
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Nursing Assessment
Physical examination
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Overview
• 尿路感染(urinary tract infection,UTI) 是指各种病原微生物在尿路中生长、繁殖而引起的 炎症性疾病。
• Common in young women, and unusual in men under the age of 50.
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Classification
感染 途径
直接感染 淋巴感染
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Defence mechanism
尿路通畅时尿液能冲走绝大部分细菌
尿路粘膜可分泌IgG、IgA
尿液含高浓度尿素和有机酸,pH值低
男性排尿时前列腺液有杀菌作用
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Risk factors
Female:
Both:
➢Short, straight ureth➢raA; ging;
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Situation
张女士入院当天傍晚叫来了护士,询问到“我和3 床的刘女士都得的是尿路感染,可是我们除了尿频、 尿急、尿痛差不多,别的表现都不一样呢?我发热还 腰痛,她却没有呢?你们会不会搞错啦?”
同学们,如果你是护士,你能帮助张女士解
除她的疑惑吗?你觉得是医生搞错了吗?
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Nursing Assessment
中段尿培养:大肠埃希菌。
B超:左肾多发性结石。
入院诊断:尿路感染。入院后给予碳酸氢钠碱化尿液、静脉滴注
美罗培能治疗。由于病情反复发作,患者情绪不佳。
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Thinking
• What is urgent urination,frequency, and dysuria?
• Is nocturia(夜尿增多) the same as frequency?
急、尿痛,于当地医院确诊为“左肾结石,肾盂肾炎”,给予静脉
滴注抗生素治疗(具体不详),情况缓解。后反复发作,平均每月
发作1次。期间多次接受“左肾结石碎石”治疗。
体检:T 38.8℃,P 98次/分,BP 125/80mmHg。左肾区有叩痛。
实验室检查:尿蛋白(+),亚硝酸盐阳性,白细胞脂酶(+++)
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Lecture 3
Nursing Care of Patients with a Urinary Tract Infection
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Learning Outcomes
Identify population at risk for UTI.
Explain the pathophysiology of UTI.
Assess the functional health status.
Determine priority nursing diagnoses and select nursing intervetions.
Plan and provide appropriate teaching for
prevetion and self-care.
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Nursing Assessment
Physical examination
(2)Acute Pyelonephritis 急性肾盂肾炎
➢ Vomiting;
➢ Diarrhea;
➢ Acute fever;
➢ Shaking chills;
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Nursing Assessment
Physical examination
➢Proximity to vag➢inDaecarnedasaenoufs;defence;
➢Sexual in➢teUrcrionuarrsyet;ract obstruction;
➢Pregna➢nVcyesicoureteral reflux;
Male: ➢Genetic factors; ➢Prostatic hyper➢trCoapthhyeterization
(3)Asymptomatic bacteriuria 无症状细菌尿
➢ No urinary infection symptoms; ➢ True bacteriuria; ➢ Commonly found in pregnant women and elderly
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Nursing Assessment
– history of previous UITs and their frequency
– possibility of pregnancy
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Nursing Assessment
Physical examination
(1)Cystitis 膀胱炎
➢ Urinary irritation symptoms; ➢ Urgent urination,frequency,and dysuria ➢ Suprapubic discomfort;耻骨上不适 ➢ Hematuria;30% 血尿
Chapter 5
Nursing Care of Patients with Urinary System Disorder
医学与健康学院护理系 樊星
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Case Analysis
患者张女士,54岁。因反复发热,伴尿急、尿频、尿痛1年入院
,患者于1年前首次出现发热至39.0℃、伴左侧腰部疼痛,并有尿
Upper urinary tract infection
上尿路感染
(Pyelonephritis) (肾盂肾炎) UTI
Lower urinary tract infection
下尿路感染
(Cystitis/Urethritis )(膀胱/尿道炎)
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Route of infection
最常见
上行感染 血行感染
• Health History
– frequency,urgency,burning on urination
– color,clarity,and odor of urine
– other manifestations:
– duration of symptoms and any treatment
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