当代心理学发展的一种新取向_进化心理学

当代心理学发展的一种新取向)))进化心理学

许波X 车文博

(河南大学心理学系,河南开封,475001) (吉林大学社会心理学系,长春,130012)

摘 要 进化心理学是近年在西方心理学中出现的一种薪的研究取向,目前仍没有一个明确的概念和系统的理论。其基本主

张是:过去是理解心理机制的关键;功能分析是理解心理机制的主要途径;心理机制是在解决问题的过程中演化形成的;模块性

是心理机制整体组织的特性;人的行为是心理机制和环境互动作用的结果。进化心理学的发展既有意义同时也存在局限。其

意义是:其发展与当代科学发展趋势相一致;它的研究促进了对人性和心理的进一步思考。局限是:具有遗传决定论的倾向;方

法论存在一定的缺陷,忽视了文化对进化的意义等等。

关键词:进化心理学 基本主张

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X 作者简介:许波,男,河南大学心理学系,副教授,博士。Email:xubo348@

236 心理科学Psychological Science 2004,27(1):2-4

许波等:当代心理学发展的一种取向)))进化心理学237

A New Approach to the Development of Contemporary Western

Psychology:Evolutionary Psychology

Xu Bo

(Department of Psychology,Henan University,Kaifeng,130012)

Che Wenbo

(Department of social psychology,JiLi n University,Chang chan )

Abstr act Evolutionar y psychology is a new research approach which emerged from Western psychology in recent years.It hasn .t a clear concept and systematic theory at present.Its basic principle is that the past is the key tounderstanding the present;functional analysis is the path to understanding the mental mechanisms;the mental mechanisms evolves in t he course of solving problems;modu 2lar ity is the character of mental mechanisms;human behavior is the outcome of the inter action between mental mechanisms and envi 2ronment.The development of evolut ionary psychology has some significance and limitations as well.I ts significance is that its develop 2ment consists with the development of the contemporary science;its research stimulates the thinking about the human mind and hu 2man nature.Its limitat ion is that it has the tendency of hereditary determationi sm;its methodology has some defects such as the ne 2glect of the significance of culture for evolution.

Key words:evolutionar y psychology,basic principle,evaluation 238 心 理 科 学 第27卷