电梯毕业设计(论文)

中文摘要

本次设计是以三菱FX2n为核心的电梯控制系统的硬件组成及软件设计，采用PLC来控制轿箱提升电机的起、停和正、反转。这里主要是对电梯牵引机的参数进行设计、计算、（包括电动机、减速器、轴、轴承、联轴器、制动器）以及工艺的编排和相关图形的绘制，另外对PLC控制系统的设计，主要是PLC控制电路图、程序流程图以及PLC编程。

其中对牵引机的设计重点是减速器的选择和箱体零件的设计和加工。减速器选择的是蜗杆减速器，轴承是调心滚子轴承，联轴器选择的是弹性柱销联轴器。PLC控制程序设计是考虑到电梯的上升和下降逻辑，以及楼层显示，运作时的加速和减速。

现在电梯都采用传统的继电器群的控制方法，由于所用的继电器较多，控制柜体积庞大，控制系统成本高，而且众多继电器的动作会产生较大的噪音，污染环境。采用PLC配合接口进行控制，可将传统的继电器控制逻辑变为计算机程序控制逻辑，去掉所有用于逻辑控制的中间继电器，使电梯系统的成本和噪音大大降低，控制柜的体积也可大大缩小。关键词 PLC 牵引机电动机减速器联轴器制动器

Abstract

This design is take FX2n as the core elevator control system hardware composition and the software design, uses the PLC integrated circuit to control the sedan box to promote the electrical machinery, to stop with, the reverse. Here mainly is carries on the design, the computation to the elevator tractor parameter, (including electric motor, reduction gear, axis, bearing, shaft coupling, brake) as well as the craft arrangement and the correlation graph plan, moreover to the PLC integrated circuit control system design, mainly is the PLC integrated circuit control circuit diagram, the program flow diagram as well as the PLC integrated circuit programming.

The most important of this design is changed huge parts of contents. The new version increases plenty of new technical contents and new calculation method.PLC integrated circuit control system design. Besides a few parts are changed according to the Chinse lift situations, this revised version is basically compliant Now the elevator all uses the method of traditional the relay group control, because of many relay have been used, control the cabinet volume huge, the cost of control system is high, most of the multitudinous relay movement have the big noise, the pollution environment. Uses the PLC integrated circuit coordination connection to carry on the control, may become the traditional black-white control logic the computer program control logic, removes all uses in the logical control intermediate relay, causes the cost of the elevator system and the noise reduces greatly, controls the cabinet the volume also to be possible to reduce greatly. Key words PLC integrated circuit Tractor Electricmotor Reduction gear Shaft coupling Brake

目录

中文摘要

Abstract

1 绪论 (1)

1.1引言 (1)

1.2电梯简介.............................................. 错误！未定义书签。

1.2.1电梯的分类........................................ 错误！未定义书签。

1.2.2电梯(垂直梯)的工作原理............................ 错误！未定义书签。

1.2.3 电梯的组成........................................ 错误！未定义书签。

1.3牵引机的技术要求...................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.4牵引机的总体设计...................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.4.1牵引机的组成...................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.4.2牵引机构的减速器.................................. 错误！未定义书签。

2 电梯牵引力有关参数的计算 (1)

2.1牵引比与牵引力 (1)

2.1.1牵引传动与牵引传动形式 (1)

2.2作用在牵引轮上的静力 (2)

2.3牵引轮两侧静拉力计算.................................. 错误！未定义书签。

2.4牵引轮上的静转矩...................................... 错误！未定义书签。

2.4.1静摩擦转矩........................................ 错误！未定义书签。

2.5静转矩的计算.......................................... 错误！未定义书签。

2.5.1牵引轮承受的静转矩变化............................ 错误！未定义书签。

2.5.2设计载荷.......................................... 错误！未定义书签。

2.5.3牵引机驱动转矩的计算.............................. 错误！未定义书签。

3.牵引机的设计 (3)

3.1 牵引机的额定载重量................................... 错误！未定义书签。

3.1.1额定速度.......................................... 错误！未定义书签。

3.1.2 牵引机减速器的中心距.............................. 错误！未定义书签。

3.1.3 交流电动机........................................ 错误！未定义书签。

3.1.4电动机的选用...................................... 错误！未定义书签。

4 牵引机主传动机构的设计与计算 (4)

4.1 普通圆柱蜗杆副几何参数搭配方案是 (4)

4.2 蜗杆传动的受力分析................................... 错误！未定义书签。

4.2.1普通圆柱蜗杆副的正确啮合条件...................... 错误！未定义书签。