中国南方喀斯特地貌

遗产地概况

新日期:2007-08-25 10:06:50

荔波遗产地主要包括茂兰国家级自然保护区和荔波樟江国家重点风景名胜区中的大、小七孔景区，遗产地总面积73016公顷。荔波喀斯特是贵州高原和广西低地过渡地带峰丛喀斯特的典型代表，因为从高原喀斯特到低地喀斯特的逐渐过渡而构成的完整形态谱系而兀立于世。

遗产地内的锥状喀斯特景观由最典型的峰林和峰丛喀斯特景观组成，包括峰丛谷地（坡立谷）、峰丛洼地（坡立谷）、峰丛峡谷、峰林洼地、峰林谷与峰林溶原（盆地），这些主要的喀斯特地貌形态呈有序排列。

遗产地具有以下几大特征：

1、展示了峰丛景观与峰林景观的相互地貌演化与递变。

2、具有特殊的喀斯特森林生态系统与显著的生物多样性，包含众多特有和濒危动植物及其栖息地。

3、代表了大陆型热带——亚热带锥状喀斯特地质演化和生物生态过程，是研究裸露型锥状喀斯特发育区喀斯特森林植被自然“本底”及森林

生态系统结构、功能平衡的理想地和天然试场所。

遗产地内90%的人口是少数民族（遗产地人口5751人，缓冲区总人口约24747人，遗产地人口密度为19人/km2，缓冲区人口密度为57人/km2），文化底蕴丰富，主要包括布依族、水族和瑶族等独特、丰富多彩的少数民族文化

South China Karst

South China Karst is one of the world’s most spectacular examples of humid tropical

to subtropical karst landscapes. It is a serial site spread over the provinces of Guizhou,

Guangxi, Yunnan and Chongqing and covers 176,228 hectares. It contains the most

significant types of karst landforms, including tower karst, pinnacle karst and cone

karst formations, along with other spectacular characteristics such as natural bridges,

gorges and large cave systems. The stone forests of Shilin are considered superlative

natural phenomena and a world reference. The cone and tower karsts of Libo, also

considered the world reference site for these types of karst, form a distinctive and

beautiful landscape. Wulong Karst has been inscribed for its giant dolines (sinkholes), natural bridges and caves.

Outstanding Universal Value

Brief synthesis

The huge karst area of South China is about 550,000 km2 in extent. The karst terrain displays a geomorphic transition as the terrain gradually descends about 2000 meters over 700 kilometers from the western Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau (averaging 2100 meters elevation) to the eastern Guangxi Basin (averaging 110 meters elevation). The region is recognized as the world’s type area for k arst landform development in the humid tropics and subtropics.

The World Heritage Property of South China Karst is a serial property that includes seven karst clusters in four Provinces: Shilin Karst, Libo Karst, Wulong Karst, Guilin Karst, Shibing Karst, Jinfoshan Karst, and Huanjiang Karst. The total area is 97,125 hectares, with a buffer zone of 176,228 hectares. The property was inscribed in two phases.

Phase I inscribed in 2007, include three clusters totalling 47,588 hectares, with buffer zones totalling 98,428 hectares. The Shilin Karst component is in Yunnan province and contains stone forests with sculpted pinnacle columns and is considered the world reference site for pinnacle karst. Shilin Karst consists of two core areas surrounded by a common buffer zone. The area is 12,070 hectares with a buffer zone of 22,930 hectares. The buffer zone is designated as a UNESCO Geopark. The Libo Karst component is in Guizhou province and includes high conical karst peaks, intervening deep enclosed depressions (cockpits), sinking streams and long underground caves. The area is considered a world reference site for cone karst. The property consists of two core areas surrounded by a common buffer. The area is 29,518 hectares with a buffer zone of 43,498 hectares. One of the components is a national nature reserve. The Wulong Karst component is in Chongqing province and consists of high inland karst plateaux that have experienced considerable uplift. Its giant dolines and bridges are representative of South China’s tiankeng (giant collapse depression) landscapes, and provide the evidence for the history of one of the world’s great river systems, the Yangtze and its tributaries. The Wulong Karst component is a cluster of three core zones, each with a separate buffer zone. The areas total 6,000 hectares with buffer zones of 32,000 hectares.

Phase II inscribed in 2014 includes four clusters totaling 49,537 hectares, and buffer zones totaling 77,800 hectares. The Guilin Karst component in Guangxi province is