主谓一致详解及其练习题.doc

主谓一致

在英语学习中，主谓一致是重要的语法项目，也是高考热点之一。通过记住以下口诀，可以有效地帮助我们记忆关于主谓一致的一些规则。

曰诀：

单单复复最常见，集体名词谓用单。

如若强调其成员，复数谓语记心间。

有些名词谓常复people, police即这般°

主语单数后接介，谓语单数介无关。

Or,nor,but also, there be 近主原则挂嘴边。

不定式短语、动词-ing、主语从句谓全单。

时间、货币与距离，谓语多单复少见。

none, al 1, half of等，of之宾语定答案。

还有分数、百分数，仍据of之宾定复、单。

and连接两名词，身兼两职一定冠。

no, each, many a , every后单名，两件(种)事(物)系一概念，以上情况清记清，谓语动词全用单。

1.语法一致原则

主语•后足艮有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。

Mr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, is going to visit Beijing this summer.

史密斯先生和他的妻子、女儿们今年夏天将要一起参观北京。

I think Tom, rather than you, is to blame for the accident.我认为是汤姆而不是你该为此事故负责任。

单句改错：A)The teacher with three students were doing an experiment.

答案：werr-was

B)A library with five thousand books are offered to the nation as a gift.

答案：are-is

2.就近一致原则

⑴由or, either... or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。

Either you or the headmaster is to hand out the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.

你或者校长将在会上给有天分的学生颁发奖品O

(2)由there, here引导的主语不止一个时，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。

There is a pencil and two pens in the pencil-box.

文具盒内有一支铅笔和两支钢笔。

单句改错：A) Either you or the headmaster are to hand out the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.

答案：are-is

B)There are a desk, a table and three chairs in the room.

答案：are-is

3.意义一致原则

(1)言连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现(不可分割的整体)，谓

语动词用单数。

A needle and thread was given to her, but she could not sew the button on.针线给了她，但她不

会把纽扣缝上。

单句改错：

A).The professor and writer are speaking at the meeting.

答案：are---is

B).War and peace are a constant theme in history.

答案：are-is

(2)“no/each/every/many a + 单数名词+and+no/each/every/many a+单数名词” 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。

Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers. 每一个人都很有理由为他们的父亲所从事的职业感到骄傲。

单句改错：

A). Many a student and girl in the class have been to Beijing.

答案：have…has

B). No sound and no voice are heard.

答案：are—is

(3)非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。

To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.

早睡早起是一个好习惯。

单句改与昔：A)To see are to believe./Seeing are believing.

答案：are-is

B)Whether we'll go camping tomorrow haven't been decided.

答案：haven't -hasn't

4)其他

(1)集合名词group, family, class等做主语，如果强调整体，谓语动词用复数形式，如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式。单people, police做主语谓语动词常用复数形式。

My family is a large one.

The family are silting at the breakfast table.

单句改错：A)The police is looking for the lost child.

答案：is—are

B)My class are a big one.

答案：are-is

(2)表示时间，距离，金钱，重量，度量，容量，温度等的复数名词作主语，通常看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。

Twenty years has passed since we left school.

单句改错：Ten thousand dollars are a lot of money.

答案：are-is

(3)“分数/百分数+of短语”做主语，谓语动词要以of短语之后的宾语来决定。

All of us are from China.

All of the money has been used up.

即学即练

单选

1.All of us, except Jack,going to see Tom next week.

A. is

B.are

C. was

D. were

答案：B

解析：主语后跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。

2.Not only I but also my friends tired of the long and boring film.

A. is

B. are

C. am

D. be

答案：B

解析：由or, either... or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。

3. Two thirds of the land in the area covered with trees and grass ten years ago.