初中英语知识要点汇总

初中英语知识要点汇总（六）

81.“擅长”与“不擅长”：“对…有利”与“对…有害”：

“擅长”：be good at / do well in He is good at math. = He does well in math.

“不擅长”：be bad in / be poor in / be weak in / do badly in

“对…有利”：be good for “对…有害”：be bad for

82. 表数量的词与短语的部分用法：○1none / all / some / most / more / plenty of / a lot of (lots of) / 后既可接可数名词复数，也可接不可数名词。○2many / (a) few / a number of / several 只接可数名词复数。○3much / (a) little / a bit of只接不可数名词。

83.易用错的副词：○1really可修饰动词、副词和形容词，常在它们前面。

I really love reading. I really miss you. (修饰动词)

Tom speaks really quickly. 汤姆说得非常快。（修饰副词）

It’s really kind of you. 你真好。(修饰形容词)

○2very much常修饰动词want, miss, hate, love, like, dislike, enjoy, take after(长得像…), move(使…感动), excite(使…激动)等等。常在句尾。

Jack wants to go there very much. 杰克很想去那儿。

I hate reciting the words very much. 我很讨厌背单词。

He enjoyed the film very much. 他很喜欢这部电影。

He takes after his mother very much. 他长得很像他妈妈。

(very much 不可修饰形容词和副词：I’m happy very much.是错误的。)

○3very修饰形容词和副词，放在它们前面：

She is very kind. I am very happy. Peter speaks very slowly.

(very不可修饰动词：I very like English. He very misses you.等类似结构都是错误的。) 84.常用于现在完成时的词或短语：for（后加时间段，句中谓语用延续性动词）；

since（后加时间点或一般过去时的句子，主句谓语用延续性动词）；

How long（对时间段或for与since引导的内容提问，句中谓语也用延续性动词）

in / all one’s life（在某人一生）；in / during the past / last+时间段(在最近的…时间内) ；so far（“到目前为止”）；ever；never；just；before(参见18之○4) ；recently；.

yet（用于句尾，用在疑问句或否定句中）；

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already (用于句中或句尾，用在肯定的陈述句中)

其中ever, just, never, already在句中时常放在动词过去分词前面。如：He has just gone. 85.形容词与副词区别：○1形容词修饰名词，作定语（划线部分）：

She is a kind girl. What bad weather! I bought a new bike.

形容词可在系动词后，作表语(划线部分)：

The girl is kind. His face turned red. It tastes sweet.

也可放在不定代词或不定副词后面作定语：somewhere warm; anything new (另见10)

○2副词(以下划线部分)修饰动词、形容词、副词，也可修饰整个句子，如以下黑体字。

He ran quickly. Please speak in the class aloud. Tim lives alone. 修饰动词

She is very angry. He felt too tired. I’m so lucky. 修饰形容词

He got up quite early. She did it very well. 修饰副词

Unluckily, I failed the English exam. 修饰整个句子

与every day:everyday是形容词，后接名词，“日常的”。He is practicing everyday English. every day是副词，作时间状语，“每天”。We speak English every day.

与every one:○1everyone“每个人；大家；所有人”，只指人。

后不接of短语。Everyone is here except Tom.

○2every one“每一个”既可指人，也可指物。后常接of短语。

Every one of us has a dictionary. Every one of the trees is tall.

与no one:○1no one“没有一人”只指人, 后不接of短语。

No one has been to Beihai Park. No one told us about it.

(以上因后面无of短语，故不用none)

○2none“没有人；没有任何东西”既可指人，也可指物；既可指可数名词，也可指不可数名词。后常接of短语。

None of the children has/have been to Beihai Park.

（此处指人。因后有of短语，故不用no one）

A: How many elephants did you see there? B: None.

（对话中none单独用，不指人，故不用no one. 另见114）

89.乘交通工具之表达:○1by bike / car / sea (ship) / air (plane) (前无冠词，且不用复数)

○2on a horseback / his bike / the plane / a ship (有冠词或限定词)

○3in his / a car (car前用in) ○4on foot

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○5动词短语: ride a bike / a horse; drive a car; walk; take a plane / taxi / bus; fly等。