广州版初中英语阅读理解技巧及实战训练(猜测词义题)(PPT40张)
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The underlined words straight A’s in Paragraph 2 mean ______ in Chinese. A.全优 B.及格 C.中等 D.不及格
语境法——因果关系
表示因果关系的特征词：since, as, because, for,so, thus, therefore, due to, result from, as a result, for this reason, so that, so... that, such...that, ...
Since I could not afford to purchase the original painting, I bought a replica. An inexperienced eye could not tell the difference.
Keep It Down! You have to notice the volume of your music. You should not play your music so loud that everyone around you can hear it. Some people might even get angry. Usually, when you play the music loud on an MP3 player, other people can’t hear the words of the song. They just hear a loud sound. Not one wants to listen to this. Very loud music can also be bad for your ears, so even if you are alone when listening to our MP3 player, you shouldn’t have it turned up too high.
2014-2018年广州中考卷
推测词义题
2014 2
2015 2
2016 2
2017 1
2018 1
解题技巧
一、语境法
瞻前顾后，联系上下文
二、构词法
词形变化现象和规则
解题技巧一——语境法
定义解释 举例子
对比转折 因果关系 同义关系 指示关系
语境法——定义解释
a. 以be(是), mean(意指), refer to(指的是) 为线索猜测词义
“双引号”
Tom calls Zip "the keep dog" because ______.
猜测词义题分类？
非指代型：根据语境推断某个词的意思
指代型： it, they, them, this, that等指代 的对象进行判断
1. The underlined expression "giving a hand to" (Paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to "____". 2. The underlined expression "go him one better" in paragraph 4 means ____. 3. The underlined word "them" in paragraph 1 refers to ____. 4. The underlined word "This" (Paragraph 4) refers to ____. 5. "Dolphin Intellegence" is probably a story about dolphins' ____. ......
Last summer Jenny and her friends had a bus trip to New York. She felt very relaxed on the way. They visited a museum. But it was really crowded there and the display(展览) was not interesting at all. They went to different restaurants to have dinner. Some food was quite delicious, but Jenny thought the fast food was awful. When the weather was fine, they went to the beach to swim. The sea was beautiful, and they had a good time.
语境法——定义解释
c. 定语从句为线索来推测词义 He was a prestidigitator who entertained (使有兴趣) the children by pulling rabbits out of hats, swallowing(吞) fire, and other similar tricks(把戏).
Defined most broadly, folklore includes all the customs, belief and tradition that people have handed down from generation to generation.
My name is Tom．I want to join a club in my school．I'm not famous （著名的）now，but maybe I can be famous someday．I can't sing or dance or act，but I can do many other things．I can play three kinds of instruments：the guitar，the violin and the drums．I think I can be in the music club．Maybe I can be a famous musician．I like to read storybooks and I can write stories．Maybe I can be a famous writer．I like sports too， but I am not good at sports. Can I join you?
初中阅读理解题技巧
猜 测 词 义 题
什么是猜测词义题？
考查指定的词、短语或句子在特定语境中 表达的具体含义
设问方式：
1. The word “…” means ___ in Chinese. 2. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to "..."? 3. The word “…” could best be replaced (替换) by ______. 4. In Paragraph 2, the underlined (划线的) word/ sentence “…” means/refers to _____.
What does the word “shoplifter” mean?
A thief
B. A guide in a shop
C. the owner of a shop
D. A porter
语境法——举例子
以列举的句子为线索猜测词义。 特征词：such as, like, for example, for instance, include, consist of, ...
Idol refers to a person that is loved and admired (赞赏) very much.
b. 以be called as(被称作), be considered as(被认为)， be defined as（被定义为）为线索猜测词义
Motion may be defined as a continuous ( 连 续 不 断 的 ) change of position.
What's the meaning of the underlined word “instruments” in Chinese? A. 乐谱 B. 乐器 C. 乐章 D. 琴
We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade．And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and authority．In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high offices or by royal people such as the kings or queens．
The word "awful" in the passage means ____. A. 美味的 B. 极好的 C. 糟糕的 D. 很快的
In my earliest memories my father was a tall, handsome and successful man. He loved his work and family, but was uncomfortable with his children. As a child I loved him; as a school girl and young adult I was afraid of him. He seemed unhappy with me unless I got straight A's in my study and unhappy with my boyfriends if their fathers were not as “successful” as he was. Whenever I went out with him on weekends, I used to try hard to think up things to say to protect myself.
The underlined word “royal” might mean “ ” in Chinese. A. 皇室的 B. 富裕的 C. 中产的 D. 平民的
语境法——对比转折
以反义词和对比关系为线索猜测词义。
表转折关系的词：but, while, however, instead of, rather than, otherwise, though, unless, not as ... as, ...
He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.
What does the underline word “homely” mean? A. beautiful B. ugly Cwk.baidu.com lovely D. not look beautiful
d. 以标点符号（括号， 破折号） Tornadoes (violent and destructive whirl wind) normally occur on hot, humid (a little wet) day, but not necessarily in the summer.
Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. …
语境法——因果关系
表示因果关系的特征词：since, as, because, for,so, thus, therefore, due to, result from, as a result, for this reason, so that, so... that, such...that, ...
Since I could not afford to purchase the original painting, I bought a replica. An inexperienced eye could not tell the difference.
Keep It Down! You have to notice the volume of your music. You should not play your music so loud that everyone around you can hear it. Some people might even get angry. Usually, when you play the music loud on an MP3 player, other people can’t hear the words of the song. They just hear a loud sound. Not one wants to listen to this. Very loud music can also be bad for your ears, so even if you are alone when listening to our MP3 player, you shouldn’t have it turned up too high.
2014-2018年广州中考卷
推测词义题
2014 2
2015 2
2016 2
2017 1
2018 1
解题技巧
一、语境法
瞻前顾后，联系上下文
二、构词法
词形变化现象和规则
解题技巧一——语境法
定义解释 举例子
对比转折 因果关系 同义关系 指示关系
语境法——定义解释
a. 以be(是), mean(意指), refer to(指的是) 为线索猜测词义
“双引号”
Tom calls Zip "the keep dog" because ______.
猜测词义题分类？
非指代型：根据语境推断某个词的意思
指代型： it, they, them, this, that等指代 的对象进行判断
1. The underlined expression "giving a hand to" (Paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to "____". 2. The underlined expression "go him one better" in paragraph 4 means ____. 3. The underlined word "them" in paragraph 1 refers to ____. 4. The underlined word "This" (Paragraph 4) refers to ____. 5. "Dolphin Intellegence" is probably a story about dolphins' ____. ......
Last summer Jenny and her friends had a bus trip to New York. She felt very relaxed on the way. They visited a museum. But it was really crowded there and the display(展览) was not interesting at all. They went to different restaurants to have dinner. Some food was quite delicious, but Jenny thought the fast food was awful. When the weather was fine, they went to the beach to swim. The sea was beautiful, and they had a good time.
语境法——定义解释
c. 定语从句为线索来推测词义 He was a prestidigitator who entertained (使有兴趣) the children by pulling rabbits out of hats, swallowing(吞) fire, and other similar tricks(把戏).
Defined most broadly, folklore includes all the customs, belief and tradition that people have handed down from generation to generation.
My name is Tom．I want to join a club in my school．I'm not famous （著名的）now，but maybe I can be famous someday．I can't sing or dance or act，but I can do many other things．I can play three kinds of instruments：the guitar，the violin and the drums．I think I can be in the music club．Maybe I can be a famous musician．I like to read storybooks and I can write stories．Maybe I can be a famous writer．I like sports too， but I am not good at sports. Can I join you?
初中阅读理解题技巧
猜 测 词 义 题
什么是猜测词义题？
考查指定的词、短语或句子在特定语境中 表达的具体含义
设问方式：
1. The word “…” means ___ in Chinese. 2. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to "..."? 3. The word “…” could best be replaced (替换) by ______. 4. In Paragraph 2, the underlined (划线的) word/ sentence “…” means/refers to _____.
What does the word “shoplifter” mean?
A thief
B. A guide in a shop
C. the owner of a shop
D. A porter
语境法——举例子
以列举的句子为线索猜测词义。 特征词：such as, like, for example, for instance, include, consist of, ...
Idol refers to a person that is loved and admired (赞赏) very much.
b. 以be called as(被称作), be considered as(被认为)， be defined as（被定义为）为线索猜测词义
Motion may be defined as a continuous ( 连 续 不 断 的 ) change of position.
What's the meaning of the underlined word “instruments” in Chinese? A. 乐谱 B. 乐器 C. 乐章 D. 琴
We know that the umbrella was used in ancient Egypt and Babylon as a sunshade．And there was a strange thing connected with its use: it became a symbol of honor and authority．In the Far East in ancient times, the umbrella was allowed to be used only by royalty or by those in high offices or by royal people such as the kings or queens．
The word "awful" in the passage means ____. A. 美味的 B. 极好的 C. 糟糕的 D. 很快的
In my earliest memories my father was a tall, handsome and successful man. He loved his work and family, but was uncomfortable with his children. As a child I loved him; as a school girl and young adult I was afraid of him. He seemed unhappy with me unless I got straight A's in my study and unhappy with my boyfriends if their fathers were not as “successful” as he was. Whenever I went out with him on weekends, I used to try hard to think up things to say to protect myself.
The underlined word “royal” might mean “ ” in Chinese. A. 皇室的 B. 富裕的 C. 中产的 D. 平民的
语境法——对比转折
以反义词和对比关系为线索猜测词义。
表转折关系的词：but, while, however, instead of, rather than, otherwise, though, unless, not as ... as, ...
He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.
What does the underline word “homely” mean? A. beautiful B. ugly Cwk.baidu.com lovely D. not look beautiful
d. 以标点符号（括号， 破折号） Tornadoes (violent and destructive whirl wind) normally occur on hot, humid (a little wet) day, but not necessarily in the summer.
Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. …