汽车造型毕业设计外文翻译英语原文

Sketching, concept development and

automotive design

S ketching and its key role in concept design are identified, and the particular circumstances of automotive design described. A brief summary of work in the general field of concept sketching and visual thinking is presented. The particular characteristics of automotive design sketches; lines, crown lines, area lines, shading and colouring are described, and a delayering analysis undertaken. This demonstrates the primacy of form lines in the automotive design sketch. Observations, by video, of post-graduate students and six professional designers while sketching confirm the importance of the form lines in the design process, the interactive and iterative of concept development and the central role of the activity of sketching in this process. It is proposed that the design of CAD systems to support concept development must take account of importance of sketching activity.

Keywords: conceptual design, drawing, visual thinking, automotive design, computer aided design

Much of the design theory and research work on sketching in design has been based on the domains of architectural design and engineering product design. None of it has drawn directly from the activities of automotive designers with the exception of Tovey. This is a specialised activity because of the particularities of the product form and, because of the high level of demarcation in the design and development process in the industry. Thus …computer aided has become a current phrase in the industry, by contrast with …computer aided design‟ in other fields. Work on computer aided styling has tended to concentrate on providing three dimensional alternatives to sketching, such as …virtual clay modelling‟ or simply conventional CAD surface modelling. There are many areas of apparent similarity between the activities of automotive designers and those of designers in other fields. A key question is the extent to which the work of design researchers in the other areas will translate to this specialist discipline, and the degree to which their apparently generic conclusions apply.

Our investigations have been into the use of concept sketches by designers in the automotive industry. We have undertaken a number of formal exercises to observe designers and their methods in an effort to understand their techniques, and the content of their sketches. At the concept stage they use quick informal methods to provide an initial representation of the design. This representation of their ideas depends upon rapid direct techniques grounded in conventional methods based on pen and paper. It would seem that despite the availability of computer aided techniques to design- ers, none has been accepted by them as having equivalent utility.

Our investigations have been into the use of concept sketches by designers in the automotive industry. We have undertaken a number of formal exercises to observe designers and their