汽车轮胎压力和温度监测系统设计

摘要

在汽车高速行驶中，轮胎故障是所有驾驶者最为担心和最难预防的，也是突发性交通事故发生的重要原因。保持标准的压力和温度是防止爆胎的关键。轮胎压力温度监视系统（TPMS）主要用于在汽车行驶时实时的对轮胎气压温度进行自动监测，对异常情况进行报警，以保障行车安全，是驾车者、乘车人的生命安全保障预警系统。目前TPMS主要有两种类型：间接式和直接式．从测量精度和实时性来说．直接式优于间接式。TPMS 系统主要有二个部分组成：安装在汽车轮胎里的传感器模块和安装在汽车驾驶台上的系统主机。一个TPMS系统有4个传感器模块。系统主机向传感器模块发送激励信号，传感器模块响应系统主机发送回波信号，系统主机处理信号后把轮胎的压力和温度信息数据显示在屏幕上，供驾驶者参考。如果轮胎的压力或温度出现异常，则报警，提醒驾驶者采取必要的措施；同时驾驶员可以根据实际情况设定温度和压力报警上下限。

关键词：TPMS，自动监测, 传感器, 主机系统

Abstract

High-speed driving in the car, tire failure was most worried about all the drivers and the most difficult to prevent, and it is important to sudden causes traffic accidents. Maintain the standard pressure and temperature are the key to prevent puncture. Tire pressure and temperature monitoring system (TPMS) is mainly used in the car driving on the tire pressure when the real-time automatic monitoring of temperature, warning of abnormal situations to ensure traffic safety, is the drivers, passengers, protection of life and safety of early warning systems . Currently there are two types of TPMS: indirect and direct style. Accuracy and real-time from it. Direct is better than indirect. TPMS system has two main parts: the installation of sensors in the car tires in the modules and installed in the car on the bridge of the system host. A TPMS system has four sensors modules. System of the host to send the excitation signal sensor module, sensor module sends echo response system host, the host processing system, signal the tire pressure and temperature information and data displayed on the screen for the driver information. If the tire pressure or temperature, abnormal, then the alarm to alert the driver to take the necessary measures; while the driver can set the temperature and pressure of the actual situation of alarm limits.

Keywords: TPMS ， automatic monitoring，sensor， Host system

摘要 (1)

第1章引言 (5)

1.1课题背景 (5)

1.2 课题研究的意义 (5)

1．3 TPMS的历史、现状和发展趋势 (6)

第2章 TPMS原理及分类 (7)

2.1 间接式TPMS系统 (7)

2．2 直接式TPMS系统 (7)

第3章系统设计要求 (9)

3．1 系统工作环境 (9)

3. 2 系统功能要求 (9)

3．3 系统技术要求 (9)

3．4 报警阀值设定 (10)

第4章系统设计 (11)

4．1 声表面波传感器 (11)

4.1.1声表面波传感器介绍 (11)

4.1.2 谐振器型传感器[13] (12)

4.2 TPMS主机结构 (13)

4.3 系统工作原理 (14)

4.4 主要器件的选择 (15)

4.4.1处理器 (15)

4.4.2激励源 (15)

4.5 系统电路原理图设计 (15)

4.6硬件系统中关键部分的设计 (16)

4.6.1激励信号的实现 (16)

4.6.2开关设计 (18)

4.6.3回波信号频率采集 (18)

4.6.4 数据融合处理 (19)

4.6.5 天线与匹配网络 (19)

4.6.6 LCD显示 (20)

4.7 MSP430模数转换 (21)

4.8 系统工作流程 (23)

结束语 (26)

致谢 (27)

参考文献 (28)