英语表语从句讲解

引导词的用法（八）
当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语具备， 但是还是要表示疑问含义，可以判断句 子中缺少状语，常常用相应的特殊疑问 词引导，有why, when, where, how等 This is how he did it. That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet. That’s why we’ve given you the letter.
/ wherever / whenever
引导词
• 句型转换
• 1.They are good doctors. He told us. → He told us that they were good doctors. • 2. He hadn’t said anything at the meeting. The fact surprised us.→ The fact that he hadn’t said anything at the meeting surprised us.
A. why
B. what
C. how
D. that
2. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that 3 .That is ___ they separated. A. that A. what B. what C. which D. where 4.Jane is no longer ___ she was four years ago. B. which C. that D. when D. Whether
I read about it in some book or another,but what I don’t know is which (book) it is.
引导词的用法（六） 由as if ,as though引导表语从句，表 示好像。句子中的系动词常用look, appear, seem等。 1.It looks as if it was doing to rain. 2.The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.
表语从句引导词注意事项
1. that引导表语从句时不能省. 2. if不能引导表语从句. 3.除that外的所有引导词都有自己 的意义。 4. 除that, whether外的所有引导 词都须在从句中充当相应的成 分
1. That’s ___ the Party called on us to do.
名词性从句 noun clause
宾语从句 object clause
表语从句 predicative clause 同位语从句 appositive clause
His story is interesting. What he said is interesting. I heard his story. I heard what he said. I listen to his story. I listen to what he said. This is his story. This is what he said. The idea of going there is good. The idea that we should go there is good.
引导词的用法（三）
主语、宾语或表语 what 在表语从句中充当______________ 什么，什么样子，或所…的（人或事） 表示____________________________. 1. The question is what caused the accident. 2. That mountain is no longer what it used to be . 3. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.
引导词的用法（四）
who 在表语从句中充当 谁 主语、宾语或表语 ______________表示____. 1. The problem is who could do the work 2. My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to.
引导词的用法（五） which 在引导表语从句时,常充当 _____________ 定语,表语 表示 其中哪一个 。如：
总结：当从句原来是陈述句时，变 成名词性从句用that引导。
3.Does your sister get up early? Do you know?
→ Do you know if/ whether your sister gets up early? 4.Do animals have the same senses as humans? I often wonder. → I often wonder if/ whether animals have the same senses as humans.
引导词的用法（七）
当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why 引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用 that来引导 而不能由_______ because 引导; _________, because 引导表语从句时只能用于 It/That/This is /was because… 句型中. ________________________ 1.The reason why I was late was that I missed the train. 2. I was late. It/That/This was because I missed the train.
什么叫名词性从句？
• 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses） • 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在 复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同 位语等 • 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名 词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从 句、表语从句和同位语从句
主语从句 subject clause
名词性从句中的连接词
连词: that / whether / as if (though); 连接代词: what / who/ which / whose
/ whatever / whoever / whomever
/ whichever，
连接副词: where / when / why / how
连接词：that / whether /as if /as though 连接代词：who / whom / whose / which / what 连接副词：when / where / why / how / because
1.The question is whether we can rely on him. 2.That’s because we were in need of money at that time . 3.He looked as if he was going to cry . 4.That’s why I was late .
总结：当从句原来是特殊疑问句时， 变成名词性从句还用原来的特殊疑 问词来引导。
总结：名词性从句必须用陈述句语序。 所有名词性从句要有且仅有一个引导 词，除宾语从句的that外其他均不能 省略。其结构为引导词+陈述语序
Predicative Clauses 表语从句
表语从句的定义：表语从句在复合句中 作主句的表语。表语从句和主语指 同一内容，它对主语进行解释、说 明，使主语的内容具体化。 结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。 可以接表语从句的系动词有 be, look, remain, seem等。
引导词的用法（二） • whetBaidu Nhomakorabeaer在表语从句中表 “是否” ,但不 充当句子的成分。if 不能 引导表语从 句 .如 : 1.What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 2. The question is whether it is worth doing.
总结：当从句原来是一般疑问句时，变成 名词性从句用if或whether引导。
5.When did he buy this new bike? Could you tell me? →
Could you tell me when he bought this new bike? 6.My question is this: where will the lecture be given? → My question is where the lecture will be given.
引导词的用法（一） that在表语从句中 既不充当成分 , 又 没有意义 。 The fact is that he hasn’t yet recover from illness. The reason why he has to go is that his mother is ill in bed.
名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句
主语名词常常是 表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact, truth 表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词， 如：idea, opinion, belief, view, news, advice, feeling, suggestion, plan, trouble, question, problem, 1.The fact is that our team has won the game. 2.The truth is that she was the very person we are looking for.