大学英语四六级翻译话题练习3-饮食文化

Translation

【话题5/6】传统文化类：饮食文化（Culinary Culture）

I. Chinese Food

(1) The Features of Chinese Food

color, aroma, taste（色、香、味）

cooking methods：

boil（煮）；stew（煲/炖）；fry（煎）；stir-fry（炒）；deep-fry（炸）；smoke（熏）；roast/barbecue（烤）；bake（烘）；steam（蒸）seasonings（调味品）：

salt（盐）-salty（咸的）；

sugar（糖）/honey（蜂蜜）-sweet（甜的）；

vinegar（醋）-sour（酸的）；

ginger（姜）/scallion（葱）/chili（辣椒）-pungent/spicy（辣的）；sesame oil（芝麻油）/coriander（香菜）/wine（酒）-fragrant（香的）；bitter（苦的）；garlic（大蒜）

(2) Tableware（餐具）

chopsticks（筷子）；spoon（勺子）；bowl（碗）；plate（盘）；dish（碟）(3) Eight Regional Cuisines（八大菜系）

China is a vast country with diverse climates, customs, products and habits. Favored dishes vary from region to region.

in coastal areas（沿海地区）——seafood（海鲜）；aquatic products（水产品）in central and northwest China——domestic animals（家畜）；poultry（家禽）Sichuan Cuisine（川菜）：

hot pot（火锅）；mar-boh tofu（麻婆豆腐）

Guangdong Cuisine（粤菜）：

porridge（粥）；refreshment（点心）

Jiangsu Cuisine（苏菜）；Zhejiang Cuisine（浙菜）；Hunan Cuisine（湘菜）；Anhui Cuisine（徽菜）；Fujian Cuisine（闽菜）；Shandong Cuisine（鲁菜）

II. Chinese Tea

green tea（绿茶）；black tea（红茶）；oolong tea（乌龙茶）；teapot（茶壶）；brew tea（泡茶）；pour tea（冲茶）；offer tea（敬茶）；taste tea（品茶）；take a sip（抿一口）

III. Chinese Wine

be used as sacrificial offerings to Heaven, Earth of ancestors

（被用于对天、地、神的祭祀）

(1) Wine Feasts（酒会、酒宴）

wedding banquet（婚宴）——arm-crossed wine（交杯酒）

month-old wine feasts（满月宴）；hundredth-day wine feasts（百日宴）longevity wine feasts（长寿宴）；elders（老人）

(2) Drinkers’ Wager Game（酒令）

createmore cheerful atmosphere while drinking

urge drinkers to drink more

tell jokes（讲笑话）；solve riddles（猜谜）；chess（下棋）；

pass down a flower to the beats of a drum（击鼓传花）

compose poems（作诗）；solve word puzzles（猜字谜）

shoot an arrow（射箭）；pitch an arrow（投壶）；throw a dice（掷骰子）

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.

腊八节通常在1月中旬，农历腊月初八，标志着春节庆祝活动的开始。大多数汉族人遵循腊八节喝腊八粥的习俗。腊八粥最早在宋朝传入中国。据史料记载，一些大型寺庙会为穷人提供腊八粥来表达对佛祖（Buddha）的虔诚。明朝时，腊八粥成为皇帝在过节时赏赐群臣的神圣食物。

Translation-Passage6

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.

当今社会，客来敬茶已经成为人们日常社交和家庭生活的普遍礼仪。上茶时应以右手端茶，从客人的右方奉茶，并时带微笑。当然，喝茶的客人要以礼还礼，双手接过，点头致谢。品茶时，讲究小口品饮，其妙趣在于意会而不可言传。总之，敬茶不仅是对客人和朋友的尊重，而且能体现自己的修养。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.

腊八节通常在11月中旬2，农历腊月初八，标志着春节庆祝活动的开始。Laba Festival usually falls1 on the 8th day of the last lunar month, in mid-January2, marking the beginning of celebrating the Chinese Spring Festival.

大多数汉族人遵循腊八节喝腊八粥的习俗。

The majority of the Han people has followed the tradition of eating Laba porridge in Laba Festival.

腊八粥最早在宋朝传入1中国。

Laba porridge was first introduced to1China in the Song Dynasty.

据史料记载1，一些大型寺庙会为穷人提供腊八粥来表达对佛祖的虔诚2。According to historical records1, some large temples would offer Laba porridge to the poor to show their faith2 to Buddha.

明朝时，腊八粥成为皇帝在过节时赏赐群臣1的神圣食物。

During the Ming Dynasty, Laba porridge became a holy food that emperors would use to award their officials1 when spending the festival.