省略句ppt

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（三）宾语从句中的省略
• • 1.We all know (that) light travels faster than sound. • I hope (that) you’ll be fine soon. • 1.引导宾语从句的连词 引导宾语从句的连词that常被省 引导宾语从句的连词 常被省 略
• What surprised me was not what he said but ________ he said it. (NMET 2004湖北卷 湖北卷) 湖北卷 • A. the way B. in the way that • C. in the way D. the way which
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3When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (NMET 2004全国卷 全国卷II) 全国卷 A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced 4.. Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. (NMET 2003上海春 上海春) 上海春 A invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited
Ellipsis
为了避免重复， 为了避免重复，在句子中有时 就省去了一个或几个句子成分。 就省去了一个或几个句子成分。 这种语法手段就称为省略， 这种语法手段就称为省略，不 产生歧异。 产生歧异。
I. 简单句中的省略 1.在口语中 1.在口语中 -- How is your mother today? -- (She is ) Much better. (Is there) Anything wrong?
• 2.The way (that/in which) she did things really impressed us. • Is this the way (that/in which) he always looks at problems? • 2.当先行词为表方式的 当先行词为表方式的the way 时，从 当先行词为表方式的 句用that/in which引导， that/in 引导， 句用 引导 which也常被省略 也常被省略
• .(★★★★)—You should have thanked her before she left. B • —I meant ________,but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.(2002年上海春季 年上海春季) 年上海春季 • A. to do B. to • C. doing D. doing so
• 2.Please try to finish your homework by yourself if (it is) possible. • We’ll have the old house pulled down when (it is) necessary. • 2.当状语从句的主语与谓语是 is、it 当状语从句的主语与谓语是it 、 当状语从句的主语与谓语是 was时，常被省略。这种结构通常为：if 时 常被省略。这种结构通常为：
动词原形,只保留不定式符号 这类动词 动词原形 只保留不定式符号to:这类动词 只保留不定式符号 有:expect, forget, hope, intend, mean, prefer, refuse, try, want, wish, would like, like和love等. 和 等
2）I really didn’t want to go ） there with him, but I had to (go there with him).
• —What do you think made Mary so upset? • —________ her bicycle. • A. As she lost B. Lost • C. Losing D. Because of losing • Losing her bicycle made Mary so upset
（it is ）possible, when （it is ） necessary等 等
1. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss. (NMET 2004全国卷 全国卷IV) 全国卷 A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned but I told a lie when （I was） ） questioned at the meeting by my boss
• 5.动词不定式的省略 动词不定式的省略 • 1)She asked me to dance with her, but I didn’t want to (dance with her). • --Will you go with me? • --Well, I’d like to (go with you). • 总结：1. 为避免重复 常省略上文已提到的 总结： 为避免重复,常省略上文已提到的
在某些形容词delighted, glad, happy, 在某些形容词 pleased等后省略 后面的动词 等后省略to后面的动词 等后省略 后面的动词.
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—Aren’t you the manager？ —No,and I________. 若不定式中带有be, A.don’t want to • 若不定式中带有 have， have been ， B.don’t want to be 通常保留be, 等, 通常保留 C.don’t want be have， have been. ， D.don’t want
• 2.so 与 not 的替代性用法 • 在I’m afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess, I expect, I suppose, 等开头的作答 句中,其后的宾语从句可以省略 其后的宾语从句可以省略, 句中 其后的宾语从句可以省略 用so 或 not 替代 • 若从句为肯定句，就用 代替。 若从句为肯定句，就用so代替 代替。 • 但绝不能用 或that 。 但绝不能用it或 • 若从句为否定句，有两种表达 若从句为否定句， • 一用not 代替 如 I think not. • 二：用“主语 助动词的否定形式 主语+助动词的否定形式 助动词的否定形式+think, believe…+so.” 如：I don’t think so • 记忆 (thes bag)
• 在由 在由and,but,or 连接的两个并列句 中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句 中相同的部分。 中相同的部分。
III. 复合句中的省略 • （一）状语从句的省略 • 1.When (you are) crossing the road, you'd better look at both sides. • The little girl began to cry when • (she was) asked by the police. Unless (I am) invited， I will not go. ， 1.如果状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，并 如果状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致， 如果状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致 且从句的谓语部分有be动词 动词， 且从句的谓语部分有 动词，则可以将从 语中的主语及be动词一起省略 动词一起省略。 语中的主语及 动词一起省略。
• 2. When ________ , the museum will be open to the public next year. (NMET 2002上海春 上海春) 上海春 • A. completed B. completing • C. being completed D. to be completed • When the museum is completed
• — Are you a teacher? • — No, but I used to be • (a teacher). • John didn’t come, but he ought to have (come).
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1. —— Have you watered the flowers? —— No, but __________. A.I am B. I’m going C. I’m just going to D.I will go 2. —— He hasn’t gone to the office up to now. • —— Well, he __________. • A. should B. ought to • C. ought to go D. ought to have
• 2. 在祈使句中 • (You) Open the door, please. (You’d) Better take an unbrella. • 3. 在感叹句中 • What a (good) boy (he is)! • What a fine day (it is)!
4固定短语中介词的省略 have trouble (in) doing be busy (in) doing sth. prevent/ stop… (from) doing… spend time (in) doing 注意：后两个结构中， 注意：后两个结构中，在被动语态 中， from、 in不能省略 、 不能省略 He was prevented from going out alone.
II. 并列句中的省略
• She was poor but (she was) honest. • When summer comes, the day is getting longer and longer, and the night (is getting) shorter and shorter.
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• a. —Do you believe our team will (your team will win). win? • —I guess so • —I guess not (your team will not win). • b.—Do you think it will rain? • —I hope so (it will rain). • —I hope not (that it will not rain).
• While________ for the bus,I met an old friend of mine. • A.waited B.waiting • C.wait D.to wait
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（二）定语从句的省略
• 1.The first aid (that) he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life. • He is the man (that/who/whom) you can depend on. • 1.定语从句的关系代词 定语从句的关系代词that /which 定语从句的关系代词 /who在从句中作宾语时可省略 在从句中作宾语时可省略
总结： 总结：在某些情态动词短语或
助动词短语 have to, need, ought to, be going to, used to等后省略动词 等后省略动词. 等后省略动词
• 3）— Will you join in our discussion? ） • — I’ll be glad to • (join in your discussion).