美国科学基金会NationalScienceFoundation.
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2. Intrinsic merit of the research -- the likelihood that the research will lead to fundamental advances or substantial impacts within its field of science or engineering or in other fields. 3. Utility or relevance of the research -- the likelihood that the research can serve as the basis for new or improved technology or assist in the solution of societal problems. 4. Effect on the infrastructure of science and engineering -the potential to contribute to better understanding or improvement of the quality, distribution, or effectiveness of the nation’s scientific and engineering research, education, and manpower base.
美国科学基金会
National Science Foundation
建立激励创新的评价机制
NSF的资助政策简介
科学技术部基础研究司 马燕合 2004-12-16
1
一、NSF简介
NSF Vision Enabling the nation’s future
through discovery, learning and innovation.
2
NSF 战略产出目标
• PEOPLE—各种适应国际竞争、全球化的科 学家、工程师和高素质公民。
• IDEAS—科学和工程前沿的发现和发明，使 之与学习和创新相联系，并服务于社会。
• TOOLS—共享的国有科研仪器、设备、设施， 用以支撑发现、发明、学习创新活动。
• 管理卓越—高效、现代、创新的组织管理，引领国 家科研，完成基金的使命。
1999 Two-criteria merit review re-enforced (Important Notice No.125, September 1999) 2002 Strict implementation of the two-criteria merit review system announced (Important Notice No.127, July 2002)
7
Merit Review Criteria - History
1981 Four-criteria merit review established 1995 NSB Task Force on Merit Review established
1997 NSB Task Force on Merit Review final report issued (NSB/MR-97-05) Two-criteria merit review approved and implemented (Important Notice No.121, July 1997)
Industry 26.7% Academe 52.5%
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Cited papers: U.S. patents
5
二、NSF高度重视评价准则
☻评价准则是项目选择的基准 ☻评价准则是政策导向的核心体现 ☻NSF的评价准则和资助政策由国家科学 理事会制定。
The National Science Board (NSB), the governing board of the NSF, makes policies on the NSF merit review system. NSB consists of 24 members appointed by President and 6 confirmed by Senate.
3
$5.745 billion
Ideas 49%
People 19%
Tools 26%
Organizational Excellence 6%
4
Science/Technology Linkage
U.S
Non-profit 11%
Govt. labs 10.2%
Patents
Increasingly Backed by Public Research
8
Criteria (adopted in 1981)
1. Research performer competence -- relates to the capability of the investigators, the technical soundness of the proposed approach, and the adequacy of the institutional resources available.
三、NSF评价准则不断调整
修改准则的动机
• 不明确Lack of clarity in some of the criteria encourages the use of “unwritten” criteria. • 不统一Reviewers and program officers do not apply the criteria uniformly • 不包容Criteria do not easily encompass non-research activities, e.g., education and human resources, facilities, and centers. • 不综合Criteria do not track well with NSF Strategic Plan (e.g., integration of research and education). • 要变化Considerable variation in use of criteria across NSF.
美国科学基金会
National Science Foundation
建立激励创新的评价机制
NSF的资助政策简介
科学技术部基础研究司 马燕合 2004-12-16
1
一、NSF简介
NSF Vision Enabling the nation’s future
through discovery, learning and innovation.
2
NSF 战略产出目标
• PEOPLE—各种适应国际竞争、全球化的科 学家、工程师和高素质公民。
• IDEAS—科学和工程前沿的发现和发明，使 之与学习和创新相联系，并服务于社会。
• TOOLS—共享的国有科研仪器、设备、设施， 用以支撑发现、发明、学习创新活动。
• 管理卓越—高效、现代、创新的组织管理，引领国 家科研，完成基金的使命。
1999 Two-criteria merit review re-enforced (Important Notice No.125, September 1999) 2002 Strict implementation of the two-criteria merit review system announced (Important Notice No.127, July 2002)
7
Merit Review Criteria - History
1981 Four-criteria merit review established 1995 NSB Task Force on Merit Review established
1997 NSB Task Force on Merit Review final report issued (NSB/MR-97-05) Two-criteria merit review approved and implemented (Important Notice No.121, July 1997)
Industry 26.7% Academe 52.5%
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Cited papers: U.S. patents
5
二、NSF高度重视评价准则
☻评价准则是项目选择的基准 ☻评价准则是政策导向的核心体现 ☻NSF的评价准则和资助政策由国家科学 理事会制定。
The National Science Board (NSB), the governing board of the NSF, makes policies on the NSF merit review system. NSB consists of 24 members appointed by President and 6 confirmed by Senate.
3
$5.745 billion
Ideas 49%
People 19%
Tools 26%
Organizational Excellence 6%
4
Science/Technology Linkage
U.S
Non-profit 11%
Govt. labs 10.2%
Patents
Increasingly Backed by Public Research
8
Criteria (adopted in 1981)
1. Research performer competence -- relates to the capability of the investigators, the technical soundness of the proposed approach, and the adequacy of the institutional resources available.
三、NSF评价准则不断调整
修改准则的动机
• 不明确Lack of clarity in some of the criteria encourages the use of “unwritten” criteria. • 不统一Reviewers and program officers do not apply the criteria uniformly • 不包容Criteria do not easily encompass non-research activities, e.g., education and human resources, facilities, and centers. • 不综合Criteria do not track well with NSF Strategic Plan (e.g., integration of research and education). • 要变化Considerable variation in use of criteria across NSF.