基于单片机的智能路灯控制系统外文文献

基于单片机的智能路灯控制系统-外文文献
————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：
毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译
系别光电信息系
专业测控技术与仪器
班级 B090102
姓名马丽娜
学号 36
外文出处 Spriger Link
附件 1. 原文； 2. 译文
2013年3月
Based on single chip microcomputer intelligent street light
control system
【abstract 】 A street light automatic control system design, combined with the control, electric lamp switch control function; And street lamp fault detection and fault street lamp according to the function of the number. Use on STC 89C51 as the core Control unit; Using DS1302 clock chip to control the point open to turn off the lights when street lamps; By a photosensor complete collection of ambient light and street light fault detection, so as to realize the number of optically controlled open to turn off the lights and fault street lamp display. This system Can through the RS - 232 communication port with the street light control room of the upper machine communication.
【key words】STC 89C51; Clock chip DS1302; photosensor
Introduction
For the most part at present domestic cities and regions of the street lamp Lighting adopts electric control, time control and single point of electrons Control, maintenance management and manual inspections and the masses The traditional way, because of the lack of scientific and effective monitoring Means, large area lighting during the day, night not large area Light phenomenon occurs frequently, often can't find and in a timely manner Processing, not only caused power resources, human resources Cost, improve the operating costs of the system and to citizens Life bring inconvenience.
Intelligent road lighting system can according to different area Domain of different functional requirements, at different times and different every day Natural light or under different traffic flow conditions, the press According to a specific setting, realize dynamic wisdom of road lighting Can management, namely the TPO management (TIME/PLACE, TIME Location/OCCASION occasions). Intelligent road lighting Control system, through the comprehensive consideration and analysis and road Ming is closely related to the intensity of illumination time, road, environment and hand it in Scene control methods of factors such as flow rate, in the
microcomputer According to the preset control strategy, the road lighting into action Street lamp intelligent management and control in different conditions normally In different states implement diversified road lighting scene, To improve the quality of lighting at the same time get the best section Can effect.
1. The system hardware design
Control circuit mainly to light, temperature signal acquisition, data computing and analysis, and control of street lamp driver circuit according to the results of the operation. Circuit must have MD conversion function, adopt STCl2C5608AD single chip microcomputer as control unit, the single-chip computer as a single clock cycle enhanced 8051 kernel microcontroller, it contains 8 KB FLASH program memory, eight road lO MD conversion interface, can meet the need of data acquisition. Light intensity, temperature sensor using photosensitive resistance and thermal resistance,
respectively.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Photosensitive resistor Rx and resistance R2 bleeder circuit, light intensity changes, microcontroller P1.7 pin input voltage changes, and P1.7 pin can be set up for MD conversion interface, set a threshold voltage for light intensity can distinguish between day and night. Thermal resistor Rx and R3 bleeder circuit, the temperature changes, P1.5 pin voltage change, the figure 1 watch NA L/D conversion control circuit green quality can calculate the actual environment temperature and time control to modify parameters. S1 for four dial the code switch, can be used to think.
1.1 hardware design
System hardware modules include: control module, mining Use 89 c51 to realize on STC; Sensor module, Using photosensitive resistance on the surrounding environment light Sample, using photosensitive diode on-off to street lamp equipment Obstacle detection; The clock module, using DS1302 clock chip Slice; Display module, which is made up of four LED digital tube, use To display the fault street lamp number; Sound and light alarm module, Implementation of malfunctioning of the street lamp light hint; Communication moduleBlocks, used to transmit commands from PC.
1.2 module function
On STC 89 c51 based on DS1302 clock chip Provide the clock signal, according to the following time implementation control Turn off the lights.
(1) : winter time 18:00 lights at night, The next morning at 7:30 to turn off the lights.
(2) age season time: the evening number is turn on the light, The next morning at 6:30 to turn off the lights.
(3) in the summer time: 20:00 lights at night, The next morning at 5:30 to turn off the lights.
Dynamically changes of this period of time, changes in the operation A machine to complete, through the communication module will hold instructions written to STC 89 c51 chip, then changed the point open to turn off the lights During work time.
Photosensitive resistance, by appropriate wavelength of light , the current will along with the increase of light intensity, thus Realize the photoelectric conversion. To die by ADC0832 device Hold number converted to provide single-chip, STC 89
c51 according to The default program realize the electric lamp switch function.
(1) automatic metering, during the day (or light) When lights go out, night (dark or light) street lights automatically Light up.
(2) the sensitivity is adjustable, can adjust according to need Any work under the light.
(3) to prevent the instant bright light interference, the AD hoc Delay off function (to strong light, the light switch When 30 seconds to shut down automatically).
Photosensitive diode is to use silicon PN knot when the light is produced A photoelectric device, light current work in reverse bias Because of the pressure. During the day light or lamp light photosensitive 2 directly Diode reverse resistance decreases, and diode conduction; Light is very Hours photosensitive diode reverse resistance increases, the diode The check. Using photosensitive diode, detection of street lamp is night Normal work. When the photosensitive diode as shows that street lamp Equipment failure or theft, acousto-optic quote on STC 89 c51 started Alarm device, at the same time in four LED digital tube display the corresponding The street number.
2.The system software design
The software design of this system is divided into seven parts, mainly Including the LED digital tube display program design; Light to check the Test program design; Equipment fault detection program design; when Clock driver chip design; Open to turn off the lights program design; Communication program design; Audible and visual alarm program design, etc.
Software includes: main program, system initialization, anti-fuzzy functions,
A/D conversion subroutine, communication processing subroutine, keyboard processing subroutine, warp/weft clock computing functions, dial the code switch handle child, switch input processing function, the switch quantity output treatment function, display function. MCU software programming to CodeVisionAVR C compiler as a development platform, USES C written in a high-level language.
3.TAG
USES the wireless transceiver module and single-chip integration design, can reduce the hardware cost of the system, convenient installation, easy maintenance. Adopt type a 15 STR micropower wireless digital module, high efficiency forward error correction channel coding technology, improves the data the abrupt interference and random interference resistance ability. Using high-speed microcontroller W7E58, improve the measurement precision of the liquid level, simplified the hardware structure of the system. The system not only for level measurement is a kind of safe and effective solutions, can be applied to other material level measurement under the bad environment.
Street lamp lighting system is indispensable to the road traffic Facilities, design a kind of intelligent street light control system, right Increase induced by road, improve the driving safety at night And comfort, effectively prevent criminal activity, beautify the environment, Save power resources, has a certain practical significance and can be Development value.
References
[1], truth, science and technology. 8051 series single chip microcomputer C program design manual [M]. Completely People post and telecommunications press, 2006.
[2] realistic technology. Microcontroller peripheral devices and applications [M]. Typical people Posts and telecommunications press, 2006, 2.
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[4] Shen Gongwei. Based on single chip microcomputer intelligent syste design and implementation [M]. Electronic Industrial press, 2005. m
[5] Wan Guangyi, nine sun Ann, Cai Jianping. SOC SCM experiment, practice and should be With design - based on C8051F series [M]. Beijing university of
aeronautics and astronautics Publisher, 2006.
[6] Xu Aijun Peng Xiuhua. Keil Cx51 V7.0 microcontroller programming in a high-level language and Mu Vision2 application practice [M]. Beijing: electronic industry press, 2004.
[7] blockbuster, special expensive, were yu. Intelligent street light control system design and application research. The modern electronic technology, 2010. (1) : 207-207.
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基于单片机的智能路灯控制系统
【摘要】设计了一个路灯自动控制系统，具有时控、光控相结合的路灯开关控制功能；以及路灯故障检测并显示故障路灯编号的功能。

采用STC 89C51单片机作为核心控制部件；利用时钟芯片DS1302对路灯进行时控开关灯控制；由光敏器件完成环境光照度的采集与路灯故障检测，从而实现光控开关灯与故障路灯的编号显示。

本系统可以通过RS-232标准通信端口与路灯控制室的上位机进行通信。

【关键词】STC 89C51单片机；时钟芯片DS1302；光敏器件
引言
目前国内绝大部分的城市和地区路灯照明控制采用光控、时间控制及单点电子控制，维修管理采用人工巡查及群众反映等传统方式，由于缺乏科学有效的监控管理手段，白天大面积亮灯，夜间大面积不亮灯现象经常发生，往往不能及时发现和处理，不但造成电力资源、人力资源的浪费，提高了系统的运行成本，又给市民的生活带来不便。

智能化道路照明系统能够根据不同区域的不同功能需求，在每天不同时段、不同自然光照度或者不同交通流量情况下，按照特定的设置，实现对道路照明的动态智能化管理，即TPO管理(TIME时间／PLACE地点／OCCASION场合)。

智能化道路照明控制系统，通过综合考虑和分析与道路照明密切相关的时间、路段、环境照度和交通流量等因素的场景控制方法，在微机中按照预设的控制策略，对道路照明进行动态智能化管理，控制路灯在不同情况下工作在不同状态实现多样化的道路照明场景，从而在提高照明质量的同时获得最佳的节能效果。

1.系统硬件设计
控制电路主要完成对光线、温度信号的采集，数据的运算和分析，以及根据运算结果控制路灯驱动电路。

电路需具有MD转换功能，采用STCl2C5608AD单片机作为控制单元，该单片机为单时钟周期增强型8051内核的单片机，片内含
8KB的FLASH程序存储器，有8路lO位MD转换接口，可满足数据采集的需要。

光强度、温度传感器分别采用光敏电阻和热敏电阻。

如图一所示：
图一
图二
光敏电阻Rx与电阻R2组成分压电路，光强变化时，单片机P1.7引脚输入电压变化，P1.7引脚可设置为MD转换接口，为光强设置一个临界电压即可区分白天和黑夜。

热敏电阻Rx与R3组成分压电路，温度变化时，P1．5引脚电压变化，经图1控制电路绿色质量观察L NA／D转换可计算实际环境温度，以修改时间控制参数。

s1为4位拨码开关，可用于认为设定参数，以增加控制器的灵活性。

1.1 硬件设计
系统硬件模块包含：控制模块，采用STC 89C51单片机实现；传感器模块，采用光敏电阻实现对周围环境光照度的采样，采用光敏二极管通断进行路灯设备
故障的检测；时钟模块，采用DS1302时钟芯片；显示模块，由4个LED数码管组成，用来显示故障路灯的编号；声光报警模块，块，用于传输来自上位机的指令。

1.2 模块功能
STC 89C51单片机根据时钟芯片DS1302提供时钟信号，按照下列时段实现时控开关灯空。

（1）冬季时间：傍晚18：00开灯，次日早晨7：30关灯。

（2）春秋季时间：傍晚19：00开灯，次日早晨6：30关灯。

（3）夏季时间：傍晚20：00开灯，次日早晨5：30关灯。

这个时段可动态修改，修改操作在上位机完成，通过通信模块将指令写入STC89C51芯片内，随即就改变了时控开关灯的工作时段。

光敏电阻，受到适当波长的光线照射时，电流就会随光强的增加而变大，从而实现光电转换。

通过ADC0832器件进行模数转换后提供给单片机，STC 89C51按照预设的方案实现如下光控路灯开关功能。

（1）自动测光，白天（或光线强时），夜晚（或光线暗时）路灯自动点亮。

（2）感光度可调，可根据需要调节在任意光线下工作。

（3）为防止瞬间强光的干扰，特设延时关闭功能（光线达到强光时，开关延时30秒左右才自动关闭）。

光敏二极管是利用硅PN结受光照后产生光电流的一种光电器件，工作于反向偏压。

白天受光照或路灯直接照射时光敏二极管反向电阻减小，二极管导通；光照很小时光敏二极管反向电阻增大，二极管截止。

采用光敏二极管，检测夜晚路灯是否正常工作。

当光敏二极管截止时表明路灯设备故障或被盗，STC 89C51启动声光报警装置，同时在4位LED数码管上显示相应的路灯编号。

2.软件设计
本系统的软件设计分为七部分，主要包括LED数码管显示程序设计；光照度检测程序设计；设备故障检测程序设计；时钟芯片驱动程序设计；开关灯程序设计；通信程序设计；声光报警程序设计等。

软件程序包括：主程序、系统初始化子函数、A／D转换子程序、通讯处理子函数、键盘处理子函数、经纬时钟计算处理子函数、拨码开关处理子函数、开关量输入处理子函数、开关量输出处理子函数、显示处理子函数。

单片机的软件编程以CodeVisionAVR C编译器作为开发平台，采用C高级语言编写。

3.结束语
采用无线收发模块与单片机的集成设计，可降低系统的硬件成本，安装方便，易于维护。

采用STR一15型微功率无线数传模块、高效前向纠错信道编码技术，
提高了数据抗突发干扰和随机干扰的能力。

采用高速单片机W7E58，提高了液位的测量精度，简化了系统的硬件结构。

该系统不仅对液位测量是一种安全、有效的解决方案，也可以应用于其它恶劣环境下的物位测量。

路灯系统是道路交通不可缺少的照明设施，设计一种智能化路灯控制系统，对提高道路的诱导性，提高夜间行车的安全感和舒适感，有效防止犯罪活动，美化环境，节省电力资源，具有一定的现实意义和可开发价值。

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4 指导教师意见（对课题的深度、广度及工作量的意见）
指导教师：年月日5 所在系审查意见：
系主管领导：年月日。