直接引语变间接引语经典课件 公开课可用

I can fly.
What did it say
?
It said it could fly.
I will help them with their English.
What did he say
?
He said he would help them with their English.
Conclusion
• 人称的变化：
It said it could fly.
He told us that he understand us. He said that he would help them with their English.
• 规律： 一主、二宾、三不变 第一人称随主句的主语变化； 第二人称随主句的宾语变化； 第三人称一般不变化。
Sum up 小结
• “直接引语” 变 间接引语
Biblioteka Baidu
• 人称变化：一主二宾三不变 • 时态变化：主句为现在时— 主句为过去时— 其他— • 时态不变的五大特殊情况 • 常见的时间、地点状语以及指示代词和动 词的具体变化
1. Bill told Tom he would never be tired of it. 2. Bill said he thought Charles Dickens was a great English writer. 3. Bill asked Tom what he thought of that novel. 4. Bill told Tom he had bought it in the Rose Bookshop. 5. Tom told Bill he was going there to get one.
“ I will go to college.”
What does he often
say
?
He often says he will go to college.
“I am playing football.”
What did he say
?
He said
he was playing football.
She said, “I’ll come here again tonight.” She said she would go there again that night. May said to Tom, “I’ll bring some photos here to you tomorrow.” May told Tom she would take some photos there to him the next day.
直接引语→间接引语：时间状语变化
补充： 直接引语
地点 状语
间接引语
there 那里 that 那 those 那些 go 去 take 拿去
here 这里
this 这 these 这些 come 来 bring 带来
指示 代词
动词
Practice
He said, “I lost a key here yesterday.” He said that he had lost a key there the day before.
3. The boy said, “I will be a pilot.” The boy said that he ________ would be a pilot. 4. Tom said, “We are listening to music.”
Tom said that they ______________ were listening to music.
Definition(定义)
• 原封不动地引用原话，把原 话放在引号内，叫直接引语 (Direct speech)
• 用自己的话加以转述，叫间 接引语(Indirect/reported speech)，此时没有引号
I understand you.
What did he tell us
?
He told us he understood us.
a week ago 上星期
three days ago 三天以前 tomorrow 明天 next week 下星期 the day after tomorrow 后天
a week before 前一周
three days before 前三天 the next/following day 次日 the next/following week 下一周 two days later 过两天
What did he say
?
He said
the earth moves around the sun.
2. 所谈情况仍然存在的习惯或动作：
He said to the doctor,
“I smoke two packs every day.” → He told the doctor he smokes two packs every day.
Grammar and usage
Direct speech & reported speech
Enjoy the following story
It was the first day for Xiaoming to go to school. After school, his father asked Xiaoming what he learned that day. Xiaoming said,“I learned she, you and I”. Then his father asked how the teacher explained that. “She is your deskmate.” Xiaoming answered happily, pointing to her mother. “You are my student, I am your teacher.” The father became angry, and said, “she is your mother, you are my son, I am your father.” The next day, in class, the boy went to the teacher and told the techer his puzzle, and he said to the teacher,“She is your mother.” Pointing to his deskmate, “You are my son. I am your father.”
I will give you a concert this weekend.
What did he say
?
He said he would give us a concert that weekend.
“I finished my homework two days ago.”
What did she say
“I read the book here a week ago,” Jane said to him. Jane told him that she had read the book there a week before.
He said, “I want this.”
He said that he wanted that.
5. Mike said, “I have finished my homework.”
had finished his homework. Mike said he ____________
为什么？此句没有变时态？因为它描述的是客观事实真理， 经得住时间考验 ，故不变化
The earth moves around the sun.
3.转述的内容有表示具体的过去年份的时间 ，时态不变化
The teacher said, “The baby was born in 2010.” → The teacher said the baby was born in 2010.
4. 部分没有过去形式的情态动词, 如: must, ought to, should 和已经是过去时的形式
Practice
• He said, “I am very sorry.” → H e s a i d t h a t he I was very sorry. • “You should be more careful next time,” my father told me. I should be more → My father told me that you careful the next time. • She said to her son, “I'll check your homework tonight.” his → She said to her son that she would check my homework that night.
小结直接引语→间接引语：时间状语变化
now 现在 then 那时
today 今天
tonight 今晚
that day 那天
that night 那晚
yesterday 昨天
this week 这周
the day before 前一天
that week 前一周
last week 上周
the week before 一周前
The teacher said the sun ______ rises in the east and goes down in the west. ______
4. “I met her at school.” he said to me. He ______ told me he ______ had met her at school. 5. Peter said, “I worked in Africa in 2010”. Peter said he worked ______ in Africa in 2010.
I will go shopping tomorrow.
What did she say
?
She said
she would go shopping the next day.
• 时态变化：
Conclusion
He often says he will go to college.
He said he was playing football. She said that she would go shopping the next day.
?
She said she had finished her homework
two days before.
I have become a doctor a week ago.
What did he say
?
He said he had become a doctor a week before.
She told me that it ____ was really cold.
2. “I don’t want to go there with Alice,”
said Tom. didn’t want to go Tom said that he ______
there with Alice.
• 规律： 当主句动词为现在时，间接引语中的动词时态保持不 变； 当主句动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词作相应的前 推
一般现在时 现在完成时 现在进行时 一般将来时 一般过去时
一般过去时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成时
1. “It is really cold,” she said to me.
2. “I took it home with me,” she said. had _______ taken it home with She said she ______ her.
3. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and
goes down in the west.”
could, would, might, used to, had better等， 时态不再变。
She said to me, “You must hurry up.” → She told me I must hurry up.
5. 从句为过去完成时态、过去进行时态时
不变
Practice
1. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me. had ______ found ______ his told me he ______ He ______ wallet.