直接引语变间接引语(超级经典归纳)

直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）

一．直接引语和间接引语的定义。

直接引语：直接引用别人的话叫直接引语，

间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。

直接引语前后加引号；间接引语不必加引号。

He said, “ I’m a student.” （直接引语）→ He said that he was a student. （间接引语）

主句从句主句从句

二．当直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时，首先要注意用特殊疑问词，

其后用陈述语序的句子，同时注意人称、时态、时间状语，连接词，语序的变化.

（一）人称的变化规则：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新。

★（二）．时态变化

宾语从句时态变化规则：主现从不限；主过从四过（即4种过去的时态：一般过去时；过去进行时；过去将来时；过去完成时）；客观真理，只用一般现在时。

1.主句一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。

2.主句过去时，从句用相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改成一般过去时；现在进行时改成过去进行时；一般将来时改成过去将来时；一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去完成时。

3.主句过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。

Teacher told us:" The moon moves round the earth."

Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.

(三)

★(四)．连接词

1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。

2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。

3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他

注意：

1. 语序不变的有：What’ the matter with you? What’s wrong with you?

但What’s the trouble with you?的语序要变

1）从句中有or / or not 。例：she asks whether he stayed 。

2.只用whether 2）与不定式to do 连用。例：I can’t decide whether to tell him the news

3) 在介词后。例：they are talking about whether they can afford the new house 用法是有区别的，但当if/whether同时出现在选项中的时候，我们要选whether

★3.宾语从句语序：陈语述序，即：连接词+主语+谓语+其它。

或连接词（此时连接词充当主语）+谓语+其它。

陈述语序中：be动词、助动词、情态动词不能提到主语前。

例：1）can you tell me where is the hospital (错）

can you tell me where the hospital is.(对）

2）I don’t know whether does he speak Chinese (错）

I don’t know whether he speaks Chinese (对）

3）I am not sure what can he do (错）

I am not sure what he can do (对）

中考考点：时态、语序、连接词

练习题

一、填空，每空一词：

二、选择：

1. Our teacher asked us our dictionaries to school.

A. bring

B. brought

C. bring

D. to bring

2. The teacher told the boy students football on the grass.

A. not play

B. not to play

C. played

D. playing

3. Tom didn’t go to school?

A. Do you know how

B. Why do you know

C. How you know why

D. Do you know why

4. She looks sad. Could you please tell me that prevents her from being as happy as before?

A. what it is

B. it is what

C. how it is

D. it is how

5. Betty asked her sister to the railway station to see her off.

A. not to come

B. not to go

C. to not come

D. to not go

6. The pupil asked his teacher round the earth.

A. weather the moon goes

B. that the moon went

C. whether the moon goes

D. whether the moon went

7. Mr. Li Wang Ling a taxi to the airport.

A. asked; take

B. asked; taking

C. told; take

D. told; to take

8. She asked him .

A. whose dictionary this is

B. whose dictionary that was

C. whose dictionary is this

D. whose dictionary that is

9. Mary’s mother asked her .

A. that whether she had finished her homework

B. if she has finished her homework

C. if she had finished her homework