工商管理专业英语(郑琦,华东师范大学出版社) 课后习题及翻译

Unit1
二、填词翻译
Contingent dynamic conflict compromise interdependent reliance popularity sufficient insights generalize memoirs classic management science behavioral integrate sole
1、The managers described their own experiences and tried to (generalize) the principles they believed could be applied in similar situations.
管理人员描述了自己的经历和试图推广的原则，他们认为可以应用在类似的情况下。

2、Even today ,a great deal of what we know about management comes from the autobiographies and （memoirs）of men and women who are or have been practicing managers.
甚至在今天, 我们所了解的管理学也都出自于那些管理人员的自传和论文集。

3、According to the text ,the three well-established approaches to management thought are the (classical) approach ,which focuses on the task of managing work and organizations ;the (behavioral) approach ,which focuses on the task of managing people;and the (management science)approach,which focus on the task of production and operations.
根据本文，管理思想中有三个行之有效的方法，分别是古典方法、行为方法和管理学科学方法，其中古典方法专注于管理工作和组织的任务,行为方法专注于管理人的任务，管理学科学方法专注于生产和运营的任务。

4、During the last 30 years or so ,there have been attempts to (integrate) the three approaches to management —classical ,behavioral ,and management science .
在过去的30年中,人们试图将古典的、行为的和科学的管理方法融合为一个整体。

5、The contingency approach ,stresses that the correctness of a managerial practice is (contingent) on how it fits the particular situation in which it is applied .
权变方法，强调管理实践的正确性取决于它是否适合特定的应用情况。

6、In solving problems ,managers using the systems approach must view the organization as a (dynamic) whole and must try to anticipate the intended as well as unintended impacts of their decisions .
在使用系统方法解决问题时,管理者必须把组织作为一个动态的整体,必须设法预测影响他们决定的预期因素和意外因素。

7、The age-old confrontation between the production objective of low costs and the marketing objective of a broad product line is a good example of the interrelated nature of management problems .Each objectives (conflicts) with the other .
在低成本的生产目标与拓宽生产线的营销目标之间由来已久的冲突是一个管理学问题内在联系的好例子。

每个目标之间都存在冲突。

8、The objectives of individual parts must be (compromised) to meet the objectives of the entire
firm .
各个部分的目标必须让步于整个公司的目标。

9、The systems approach forces managers to recognize that organizations are systems made up of (interdependent) parts and that a change in one part affects other parts .
系统方法将迫使管理者认识到组织由相互依存的部分组成,一个部分的变化会影响其他部分。

10、The contingency approach has grown in (popularity) over the last two decades because research has found that ,given certain characteristics of a job and certain characteristics of people doing the job ,specific management practices tend to work better than others .
在过去的二十年中，权变方法变得越来越普及,因为研究发现,了解一个工作的某些特点和做这项工作的人的某些特征,具体管理实践往往比其他人工作地更好。

11、Managers around the globe use more of a contingency approach to survive .Sole (reliance) on
a classical or behavioral or a management science approach is not (sufficient) for organizations.
经理在全球范围内使用的应急方法才能生存。

仅仅依赖古典的、行为的或者科学的管理方法对于一个组织来说是不够的。

12、Both the systems approach and the contingency approach can provide valuable insights and complement the classical ,behavioral ,and management science approaches .
系统方法和权变方法可以为古典的、行为的和科学的管理方法提供宝贵的见解和补充。