200kN拉深成形液压机本体设计.

摘要

本设计为双动薄板拉深液压机，主缸最大工作负载设计为2000MN。主机主要由上梁、立柱、工作台、压边滑块、主缸、顶出缸,压边缸等组成。本文重点介绍了液压系统的设计。通过具体的参数计算及工况分析，制定总体的控制方案。经方案对比之后，竖直方向部分采用“四柱”式的结构形式,垂直方向采用通用式结构，拟定液压控制系统原理图。液压系统液压缸采用双作用活塞缸，采用恒功率变量泵供油。经方案对比之后，拟定液压控制系统原理图。为解决压边缸的快进，工进的同步问题，液压系统采用，快进，工进时采用主缸加压进给，压边缸自动吸油的方法保证进给同步。为解决主缸快进时供油不足的问题，主机顶部设置补油油箱进行补油。主缸的速度换接与安全行程限制通过行程开关来控制；为了保证工件的成型质量，液压系统中设置保压回路，通过保压使工件稳定成型；为了防止产生液压冲击，系统中设有泄压回路，确保设备安全稳定的工作。此外，本文对液压机进行了总体布局设计，对重要液压元件进行了结构、外形、工艺设计，对部分液压元件进行了合理的选型，对主机、电气控制系统进行了简要设计。

通过液压系统压力损失和温升的验算，本文液压系统的设计可以满足液压机顺序循环的动作要求，能够实现塑性材料的拉深等成型加工工艺。

关键词：拉深，液压成形，冲压成形，液压机，PLC控制

Abstract

The design of double sheet drawing hydraulic machine, a master cylinder maximum working load design for3150MN. Mainly by the host beam, column, table, the beading slide block, a master cylinder, lifting cylinder, pressure cylinder etc.. This paper introduces the design of hydraulic system. Through practical calculation and analysis, formulate the overall control scheme. The scheme contrast, vertical part adopts the" four" form, perpendicular to the direction of the general structure, to develop hydraulic principle diagram of control system. Hydraulic system hydraulic cylinder double acting piston cylinder, constant power variable pump. The scheme comparison, to develop hydraulic principle diagram of control system. In order to solve the pressing cylinder speed, feed the synchronization problem, the hydraulic system adopts, fast-forward, feed the main cylinder feeding, automatic oil pressure cylinder method ensure feed synchronization. In order to solve the problem of fast forward when the master cylinder oil supply shortage problem, the host is arranged on the top of oil supply tank for supplying oil. Master cylinder speed switching and safety travel restrictions by the travel switch to control; in order to ensure the forming quality of the workpiece, the hydraulic system set pressure holding circuit, the pressure causes the workpiece forming stable; in order to prevent the hydraulic impact, system is provided with a pressure discharge circuit, ensure the equipment work safely and steadily. In addition, the hydraulic machine for the general layout design, the main hydraulic components of a structure, shape, process design, on the part of hydraulic components of a reasonable selection, the host, electric control system were briefly design.

Through the hydraulic system pressure loss and temperature rise calculation, this paper design the hydraulic system of the hydraulic machine can meet the order cycle action requirements, can realize the plastic material such as deep drawing forming process.

Key words:Drawing Hydroforming Metal forming Hydraulic press PLC control