Cranial nerves 颅神经-医学英语 PPT课件
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Cranial nerves 颅神经-医学英语 PPT课件
Cranial Nerve I: Olfactory
• Arises from the olfactory epithelium • Passes through the cribriform plate of
the ethmoid bone • Fibers run through the olfactory bulb
2020/8/4
Figure I from Table 13.2
Cranial Nerve II: Optic
• Arises from the retina of the eye • Optic nerves pass through the optic canals
and converge at the optic chiasm • They continue to the thalamus where they
• Parasympathetic cell bodies are in the ciliary ganglia
2020/8/4
Cranial Nerve III: Oculomotor
2020/8/4
Figure III from Table 13.2
Cranial Nerve IV: Trochlear
• Primarily a motor nerve innervating the lateral rectus muscle (abducts the eye; thus the name abducens)
2020/8/4
Cranial Nerve VII: Facial
• Fibers leave the pons, travel through the internal acoustic meatus, and emerge through the stylomastoid foramen to the lateral aspect of the face
and terminate in the primary olfactory cortex • Functions solely by carrying afferent impulses for the sense of smell
2020/8/4
Cranial Nerve I: Olfactory
2020/8/4
Cranial Nerve IV: Trochlear
2020/8/4
Figure IV from Table 13.2
Leabharlann Baidu
Cranial Nerve V: Trigeminal
• Composed of three divisions
– Ophthalmic (V1) – Maxillary (V2) – Mandibular (V3) • Fibers run from the face to the pons via the superior orbital fissure (V1), the foramen rotundum (V2), and the foramen ovale (V3) • Conveys sensory impulses from various areas of the face (V1) and (V2), and supplies motor fibers (V3) for mastication • Tic douloureux or trigeminal neuralgia - Most excruciating pain known (?) - Caused by inflammation of nerve - In severe cases, nerve is cut; relieves agony but results in loss
• Functions in raising the eyelid, directing the eyeball, constricting the iris, and controlling lens shape
• The latter 2 functions are parasympathetically controlled
• Motor functions include; – Facial expression – Transmittal of parasympathetic impulses to lacrimal and salivary glands (submandibular and sublingual glands)
of sensation on that side of the face
2020/8/4
Cranial Nerve V: Trigeminal
2020/8/4
Cranial Nerve VI: Abducens
• Fibers leave the inferior pons and enter the orbit via the superior orbital fissure
2020/8/4
Figure II Table 13.2
Cranial Nerve III: Oculomotor
• Fibers extend from the ventral midbrain, pass through the superior orbital fissure, and go to the extrinsic eye muscles
• Fibers emerge from the dorsal midbrain and enter the orbits via the superior orbital fissures; innervate the superior oblique muscle
• Primarily a motor nerve that directs the eyeball
synapse • From there, the optic radiation fibers run to
the visual cortex • Functions solely by carrying afferent impulses
for vision
2020/8/4
Cranial Nerve II: Optic
Cranial Nerve I: Olfactory
• Arises from the olfactory epithelium • Passes through the cribriform plate of
the ethmoid bone • Fibers run through the olfactory bulb
2020/8/4
Figure I from Table 13.2
Cranial Nerve II: Optic
• Arises from the retina of the eye • Optic nerves pass through the optic canals
and converge at the optic chiasm • They continue to the thalamus where they
• Parasympathetic cell bodies are in the ciliary ganglia
2020/8/4
Cranial Nerve III: Oculomotor
2020/8/4
Figure III from Table 13.2
Cranial Nerve IV: Trochlear
• Primarily a motor nerve innervating the lateral rectus muscle (abducts the eye; thus the name abducens)
2020/8/4
Cranial Nerve VII: Facial
• Fibers leave the pons, travel through the internal acoustic meatus, and emerge through the stylomastoid foramen to the lateral aspect of the face
and terminate in the primary olfactory cortex • Functions solely by carrying afferent impulses for the sense of smell
2020/8/4
Cranial Nerve I: Olfactory
2020/8/4
Cranial Nerve IV: Trochlear
2020/8/4
Figure IV from Table 13.2
Leabharlann Baidu
Cranial Nerve V: Trigeminal
• Composed of three divisions
– Ophthalmic (V1) – Maxillary (V2) – Mandibular (V3) • Fibers run from the face to the pons via the superior orbital fissure (V1), the foramen rotundum (V2), and the foramen ovale (V3) • Conveys sensory impulses from various areas of the face (V1) and (V2), and supplies motor fibers (V3) for mastication • Tic douloureux or trigeminal neuralgia - Most excruciating pain known (?) - Caused by inflammation of nerve - In severe cases, nerve is cut; relieves agony but results in loss
• Functions in raising the eyelid, directing the eyeball, constricting the iris, and controlling lens shape
• The latter 2 functions are parasympathetically controlled
• Motor functions include; – Facial expression – Transmittal of parasympathetic impulses to lacrimal and salivary glands (submandibular and sublingual glands)
of sensation on that side of the face
2020/8/4
Cranial Nerve V: Trigeminal
2020/8/4
Cranial Nerve VI: Abducens
• Fibers leave the inferior pons and enter the orbit via the superior orbital fissure
2020/8/4
Figure II Table 13.2
Cranial Nerve III: Oculomotor
• Fibers extend from the ventral midbrain, pass through the superior orbital fissure, and go to the extrinsic eye muscles
• Fibers emerge from the dorsal midbrain and enter the orbits via the superior orbital fissures; innervate the superior oblique muscle
• Primarily a motor nerve that directs the eyeball
synapse • From there, the optic radiation fibers run to
the visual cortex • Functions solely by carrying afferent impulses
for vision
2020/8/4
Cranial Nerve II: Optic