过渡词信号词

Note-taking and Transitions:

信号词

语言信号

表示列举、增补关系的信号词

and, in addition that, one more thing, what’s more, either, also, too, as well as, for instance, both and, together, for example, further more, such as, in addition, likewise, like, similarly, moreover …

表示转折关系的词

Although ,by contrast, as a matter of fact, never the less, in contrast, instead, however, while, otherwise, through, but, despite, on the contrary, on the other hand, in the same way, in spite of, yet, whereas…

表示顺序或序列关系的信号词

first, before, first of all, on the right/left, next, to begin with, turn right/left, afterward, meanwhile, second, last but not least, for a start, third, finally, until, between, firstly, subsequently, then, secondly, previously, in the middle, for one thing, for another, after, in the first place…

表示解释或强调关系的信号词

that is, in particular, I mean, namely, especially, actually, in the other words, that is to say, specially, another way of saying, equally…

表示归纳、结论性的信号词

as a result, altogether, finally, in short, therefore, overall, in sum, thus, on the whole, in brief, accordingly, to conclude, in a word, consequently, t o sum up, in conclusion, so，to summarize

表示因果关系的信号词

owing to, due to, cause by, the cause of , spark off, give rise to, provoke, generate，bring about, lead to, stem, from, arise out of, reason for, motive, prompt, with the aim of, with a view to,

on the grounds that, purpose of, as a result, therefore, since for, for this reason, so, because, consequently, as, thus, to, result in, outcome, upshot, to ensure…

表示条件的信号词

if, on condition that, provided/providing that, as long as, whoever, however, whenever, wherever, whichever, no matter, condition, prerequisite, requirement, (under any) circumstances…

表示时间的信号词

before that, earlier on, prior to, previously, formerly, while, as, just as, during throughout, at

Causality

Apparent causality: because, because of, for, as, since, in that, be due to, given, considering, as long as, if, when, while, so, so that, therefore, thereby, as a result, consequently, accordingly, thus, hence, so…that…, so…as to…, then…

Connotative causality: lead to, cause, reflect, result in, give rise to, derive from, result from, portray, present, bespeak, require, suggest, on the basis of, represent, be based on, for the reason that…, rely on, spring from, make, underlying…

Contrast and Transition

Apparent contrast: although, though, even though, albeit, despite, in spite of, however, but, yet, while, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, whatever

Connotative contrast: not…but…, instead, in contrast, on the contrary, far from…, on the other hand, rather than, more…than…, otherwise, unlike, not so much…as...

Special words:paradoxical, paradoxically, ironical, ironically, unexpected, unexpectedly, curious, curiously, surprise, surprisingly, unfortunate, unfortunately, puzzle, shock