习语谚语
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
以下中英对照的例子都是各自常用的通俗用语,既切合原意,又符合中英文各自的表达习惯。
任人唯贤 Meritocracy : Rule by persons chosen not because of birth or wealth , but for their superior talents or intellect ; a social system formed on such a basis.
任人唯亲 Nepotism
第二职业 Moonlighting ( working at a secondary job)
明升暗降 Kick up stairs
大材小用 To be underemployed
编制不足 To be understaffed
超编 To be overstaffed
事后诸葛亮 Monday morning quarterback
人材外流 Brain drain
献计献策 ( 港称 : 头脑风暴) brainstorming ( a method of solving problems in which everyone suggests ideas which are then discussed) . A brainstorming session
智囊团 Brain trust
发明创造 Brainchild ( The project was the brainchild of Davidson. )
满腹牢骚 A bellyful of complaints
经验教训 Pains and gains ( instead of experiences and lessons)
小道消息 Learn through the grapevine
有其父必有其子 Like father , like son.
家丑不可外扬Don ’t wash dirty linen in the public .
喧宾夺主 Steal the limelight
雪上加霜 Add insult to injury
智勇双全 A combination of guts and brains
我说了算The buck stop s here . ( Truman’s saying)
心有余而力不足 Mind is willing , flesh is weak.
一刀切 One size fits all .
过犹不及 More is less.
中英文相似的谚语和格言 ( Idioms and proverbs) :
有志者 ,事竟成。There is a will ,there is a way.
谋事在人 , 成事在天。Man proposes , God disposes.
入乡随俗。When in Rome , do as the Romans do .
患难见真知。A friend in need is a friend indeed.
本性难移。Old habits die hard
酒后吐真言。There is truth in Wine .
欲速则不达。More haste , less speed. Haste makes waste .
旁观者清。Lookers on see most of the game .
骄兵必败。Pride goes before a fall .
一旦被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。Once bitten , twice shy.
千里之行,始于足下。The longest journey begins with a single step . 或 A journey of thousand miles begins with a single step . 柳暗花明又一村。When one door shuts , another opens. or Every cloud has a silver lining.
一个和尚挑水吃 ,两个和尚抬水吃 ,三个和尚无水吃。
Every body’s business is nobody’s business.
勿以恶小而为之。It is a sin to steal a pin.
玩火者必自焚。If you play with fire , you get burnt .
无风不起浪。There is no smoke without fire .
君子报仇,十年未晚。Revenge is a dish that could be eaten cold.
欲加之罪,何患无辞? It ’s always easy to find
1. 与动物有关的成语或谚语英汉不尽相同
1)他壮得像头牛。He is as strong as a horse. (牛—马)
2)她胆小如鼠。She is as timid as a hare.(鼠—兔)
3)养虎遗患: Warm a snake in one's bosom.(虎—蛇)
4)瓮中之鳖: Like a rat in a hole. (鳖—鼠)
5)害群之马: Black sheep. (马—羊)
6)对牛弹琴: Cast pearls before swine. (牛—猪)
7)落汤鸡/落水狗:Like a drowned mouse.(鸡/狗—鼠)
8)热锅上的蚂蚁: Like a cat on hot bricks.(蚂蚁—猫)
9)宁为鸡头,毋为牛后: Better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion. (鸡—狗,牛—狮)
由此可见,中国成语中的动物在英语成语中已不属于同一动物了。
2. 与颜色有关的成语或谚语英汉也不尽相同
在颜色的作用上,有相同点。比如,红色(red),无论是在英语国家,还是在中国,往往都与庆祝活动和喜庆日子有关。如中国有“开门红”,代表着好运气。英语有“red-letter days”(纪念日,喜庆日)等。但更多的还是有不同点,而且两种语言在颜色的意义上也有区别。如“黄色”(yellow),在西方黄色表示懦弱,胆小,不敢面对现实。而在中国,黄色是帝王的象征。只有皇帝才配着黄色。再如“蓝色”(blue),在英语中通常表示不快活,心情不好。如:
1) He is blue today because his father is ill. 他今天心情不好,因为他父亲病了。
而在中国,“蓝色”仅仅表示颜色而已,似乎没有不快活的意思。再如:
2) He has a green thumb. 他擅长园艺工作。(不是“他有一个绿色的大拇指”。)
其他颜色词语也发生了改变。如:
black tea 红茶(不是“黑茶”)
brown sugar 红糖(不是“棕色”糖)
green-eyed 红眼病(不是“绿眼病”)
blue films 黄色电影(不是“yellow films”)
purple with anger 脸色铁青(不是“脸色发紫”)
black and blue 青一块,紫一块(不是“黑一块,蓝一块”)
另外,在英语中,有些颜色词已经失去了原意。如:
black art 巫术(不是“黑色的艺术”)
black cattle 肉牛(不是“黑牛”)
black mail 勒索行为(不是“黑色邮件”)
black-letter day 不吉利的日子
red hand 血手(不是“红手”)
white hair boy 宠儿(不是“白发童”)
white lie 善意的谎言(不是“白色的谎言”)
white day 吉利之日(不是“白色的日子”)
3. 与数字有关的成语或谚语英汉也不尽相同