新三LESSON14课件

一、【Text】课文
Lesson14 A noble gangster
There was a time when the owners of shop and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for' protection' If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. Obtaining 'protechon money' is not a modern crime. As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.
Six hundred years ago, Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence. He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them. Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way. In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. When he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the memory of 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue'.
二、New Words
A noble gangster 矛盾修饰法
noble adj. 高尚的；贵族的
True Lies
a living death 虽死犹生
a dead living 虽生犹死
Parting is such sweet sorrow.--- Shakespeare
1. gangster n.匪徒
gangster films 警匪片
kidnapper n. 绑匪
a band of kidnappers
hooligan n.小流氓
burglar n. 夜贼
burglar alarm
thief robber criminal highwayman pickpocket shoplifter smuggler pirate
2. Chicago n.芝加哥
The third largest city in the US which is an important industrial and business center.
During the 1920s and 1930s it was famous for gangsters.
3. protection n.保护protect v.保护
protect against
Eg: The burglar alarm is used to protect against burglars.
protect from
Eg: We must protect forests from over exploitation
Eg: Supposing I have seventy-two changes, I'd like to change into a sturdy old pine to protect from wind and sand.
4. promptly adv.立刻、迅速
prompt adj. 立刻、迅速
immediately adv.立即，立刻
instantly adv.立即地
instant coffee 速溶咖啡
instant noodles 方便面
swiftly adv. 很快地；敏捷地
He swiftly avoided a blow.
5. destroy v.破坏（to damage sth so badly that can not be repaired ）
Eg:The small boat was destroyed in the heavy storm.
ruin n. 废墟v.毁灭（抽象比喻，小的破坏）
Eg: Heavy smoke ruined his health.
Eg: Sugar ruined his teeth.
spoil vt. 溺爱；糟蹋
Eg: A heavy shower spoiled my holiday.
Eg: Spare the rod(n. 棒；惩罚) and spoil the kid.
6. remarkable adj. 不寻常的
Eg: Have you made the choice to be remarkable?
Eg: I asked her about how she started her remarkable jonrney.
be remarkable for sth以…而著称
Eg: He is remarkable for his stupidity.
Eg: The 20th century was remarkable for its inventions.
remark n. 言辞评论v. 评说觉察
Eg: On several occasions she had remarked on the boy's improvement.
Eg: When I make this smart remark to my partner, he gets angry at me.
7. band n. 帮团伙
Eg: He was a drummer in a rock band.
a band of
Eg: I have got a band of volunteers, some have been with me for over 20 years.
band n. 乐队松紧带
bandage n. v.
rubber band
8. Florence n. 佛罗伦萨
Eg: Florence lies in the center of Italy.
Florentine n.佛罗伦萨人
Londoner 伦敦人
Parisian n.[pə'rizjən]巴黎人
I am a native of Henan province.
9. city-state 合成词城市国家，城邦
nation state capital province city county town village
10. hire v.租给雇给（短期的）
Eg: You hire a car from its owner. 租借
Eg: He hires his car out to you. 出租给
rent v. 出租；租用（长期的）
rent sth from sb 租借rent sth out to sb出租给
let v. 出租（房屋或土地）
Eg: She let rooms to university students.
Eg: I couldn't sell the apartment, so I let it out.
lease v. 出租n. 租约租期（强调租金和租期）
Eg: He took up a 10-year lease on the house.
Eg: I hope to lease the building to students.
11. prince 王子，小国的君主
Prince Charles Prince of Wales
白马王子Prince charming
princess 王妃、公主
Princess Diana
Queen Elizabeth II
King Kang Xi
Emperor n. 皇帝，君主
12. funeral n. 葬礼（formal）
state funeral
burial n. 普通的葬礼埋葬
bury v. 埋葬隐藏
fire burial
water burial
sea burial
tombstone gravestone grave monument memorial tablet
13. dedicate v. 奉献题献给
dedicate to
Eg: He dedicated his life to the education in this small village.
be dedicated to
Eg: Public servants must be dedicated to their duties and be responsible to the government.
devote...to
Eg: People have enough things to distract them in life and devote their attentions to.
14. memory n. 纪念
memory （强调储存记忆的能力）
Eg: All the details of the meeting are fresh in my memory.
remembrance （突出回忆的过程）
Eg: So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have traveled.
memorize/memorise v. 记忆熟记
Eg: But if they can memorize them now, as they grow up, they will come to understand the meaning.
memorable adj. 值得纪念的
memorial n. 纪念物
commemorate v. 庆祝纪念
Eg: The member of good memory remembers to commemorate his friend with memorials.
15. valiant adj. （战士）英勇的（文学色彩）
brave adj.天生的勇敢性格
Eg:Brave Heart
daring adj. ['deərɪŋ]胆大妄为的
Eg: a daring robbery
heroic adj. [hɪ‘rəʊɪk]英雄的
Eg: heroic image / heroic deeds
courageous [kə'reɪdʒəs]adj.果敢的理性的
Eg: a courageous woman
bold adj.大胆的鲁莽的
Eg: It was a bold move.
课文解析：
1.There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection'.
There was a time when…曾经有一段时间
Eg: There was a time when I hate learning English.
the owner of...
shops and businesses
pay sb money / pay money to sb
I paid thirty dollars for these book yesterday.
a sum of
a large sum of=large sums of
in return for
Eg: I sent him a present in return for his help.
in return
Eg: Do something for somebody without expecting anything.
2. If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. promptly directly speedily
put sb out of business 使停业
put sb out of work 使失业
put sb out of patience
Eg: A heavy snow put the train out of service.
destroy
3. Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime.
obtain 获得
obtain information
obtain knowledge
Eg: I t's difficult to obtain reliable evidence.
protection money
modern crime
4. As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.
as long ago as 早在很久以前
Eg: As long ago as I was in middle school, I heard quite a lot about him.
Eg: I waited and waited until as late as 9 o’clock he came.
make a remarkable discovery
would rather do than do宁愿做..而不愿意做
Eg: A brave man would rather die on foot than live on knees.
would rather that+did/were
虚拟语气（抒发对现实状况的不满，发牢骚）时态要向前倒退一个时态
Eg: I would rather that I weren’t here now.
would sooner that = would rather that
Eg: I would sooner that I did not know you.
5. Six hundred years ago, Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence.
arrive in arrive at
a band of 一帮、一群（贬义）
a group of a crowd of a party of a troop of
settle v.定居解决安排
Eg: I moved to Canada, and settled there, which put an end to my floating life.
Eg: You must settle the matter among yourselves.
Eg: Give it about another year or so and things will settle into a nice groove.
6. He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto.
make a name for oneself
Eg: He worked his whole life to make a good name for himself in the cummunity.
come to be known 以...著称
Eg: Elbert Einstein, the US physicist, made a name for himself by the theory of relativity, and came to be known as one of the greatest scientists of the 20th century.
7.Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded.
whenever=no matter when
be at war with each other
used to do
hire ...to...
be willing to do
pay the high/low price出高/低价（价格的高低）
expensive/ cheap (物品的贵贱)
at any price / at any cost 不惜任何代价
demand n. v. 要求
Eg: Demand is increasing, and some countries are already reaching the limits of their water resources.
Eg: He said the task of reconstruction would demand much patience, hard work and sacrifice.
8. In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them.
in times of peace in times of war in times of cold war in times of gold
Business was bad.
his men
march n/v.行军Long March wedding march
Eg: After the short march, the troops entered the village.
march on march in/into march across
burn down
Eg: We ran out of coal, and had to burn wood.
Eg: Six months after Bud died, the house burned down.
offer to do提出要做…
Eg: He offered to give us a ride.
9. Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way.
large sums of money
in this way
Eg: I knew what got in the way of success, and I planned for it.
in the way
Eg: Only in this way can you solve this problem.
10.In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero.
in spite of ... n.
Eg: In spite of her good salary, she measured out every dollar needed for household expenses.
Eg: In spite of my father's doubts and warnings, I'm completely confident that I'll be successful.
despite prep.
Eg: She told friends she will stand by husband, despite reports that he sent another woman love notes.
Eg: All the people on the ship were in safety despite the storm.
regard...as
a sort of
Eg: It was a sort of test, to test how quick my bodyguard would react.
11. When he died at the age of 80, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the memory of 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue'.
state funeral
have sth. done
be dedicated to 献身于
Eg: The film is dedicated to the memory of those valiant soldiers who sacrificed for the interests of our nations.
notable adj. 著名的显著的n. 名人
Eg: It's difficult to level down the notable difference between the two.
Eg: Most notable among these is China.。