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Containment
Requirements – Florida Statues/RQ HDLPE Tubs Poured Wall / Concrete Block Wall Coatings Wall Penetrations
Types of Piping
Schedule 80 PVC – Most Commonly Used Schedule 80 CPVC – Plasticization Schedule 40 – Should Not Be Used Kynar – Expensive/Workmanship Issues Carbon Steel Lined with Teflon or Kynar –
35 Days Later – 10.21 Trade Percent
Use of Pilot or Temporary Systems
To Maintain Continuous Disinfection During
Conversion Construction To size pumps and bulk storage tanks To Determine Finished Water Quality To Test different types of Equipment Familiarize Operations Personnel with Sodium Hypochlorite Verify Operations in Unusual Situations
Sodium Hy来自百度文库ochlorite System Design
Delivery Bulk Storage Chemical Feed Equipment Piping
Delivery to End-User
Bulk Delivery in 5,000-gallon tanker truck “Poured” from Small Delivery 26’ Flat-Bed
Keep Line Vented
Bulk Storage Tanks
Location – Covered vs. Non-Covered / Other Chemicals On-site Air Conditioning Storage Spaces Dilution of Stored Material – Use Soft Water Type (FRP vs. Bulk) Size or Volume and Number (10 to 40 days) Use of Day Tanks (F.S. 62-555) Measuring Daily Usage (F.S. 62-555) Tie Downs
Peninsular Florida WT & WWT Plant Disinfection Options Chlorine Gas
June 1999 3% <1% <1% <1% <1% Ozone UltraViolet (UV) NaOCl (Bulk) NaOCl (On-Site Generation) Chlorine Dioxide
Relatively Short Shelf Life
- Contaminants, Heat And UV Cause Decomposition
Contrary to White’s Handbook of Chlorination One Gallon of 120 GPL or 12 Trade Percent Equals 1 lb of Cl gas
<1% <1% 23%
<1% <1%
NaOCl (On-Site Generation) Chlorine Dioxide
Disinfection Options – June 2005
Peninsular Florida WT & WWT Plant Disinfection Options
Projected for June 2005
FRP Tanker Trailer
Bulk Delivery Site Should Have . . .
2” Supported Male Connection w/Cap Bag Filter – 1 micron Safety Shower/Eye Wash/Running Water Security/Lights Hook Up Protection / Labeled Lines Proper Venting for Blow Off “Catch Bucket” Accessible Roadway and Turn Around
97%
Disinfection Options – June 2003
Peninsular Florida WT & WWT Plant Disinfection Options
June 2003 76%
Chlorine Gas Ozone UltraViolet (UV) NaOCl (Bulk)
Truck w/installed HDLPE totes or tanks 300-gallon totes (forklift) 55 gallon drums 15, 30 gallon totes 2.5 gallon “jugs”
Bulk Delivery by Tanker Truck
CHEMICAL FORMULA
NaOCl
Manufacturing Process
2NaOH + Cl2 => NaOCl + H20 + Heat
Properties of Sodium Hypochlorite
Mildly Corrosive Has Free Sodium Hydroxide (Caustic Soda) pH=12.5 to 13 Pale Yellow Solution, 12.5% By Volume Non-Flammable Incompatible with Many Other Chemicals
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Designing a Bulk Sodium Hypochlorite System
Presented by Patrick H. Allman III General Manager Odyssey Manufacturing Co.
Disinfection Options – June 1999
BLEACH DEGRADATION



Primary 3NaOCl = 2NaCl + NaClO3 (Sodium Chlorate) Secondary 2NaOCl = 2NaCl + O2 (Gassing) Factors: Heat UV (e.g., Sunlight) Impurities (Primarily Heavy Metals) Strength (Rate = K (OCl-]2

Storage Tank Fittings



Vents – (2” or 3”) Use Vinyl Bug Screen Drains – Minimize # of Tank Penetrations Fill Line – Fill from Top not Side or Bottom Overflow Line – Maximize Use of Tank Sight glasses – Type/Operational Necessity Tanks Squat - Flexible Connection at Bottom Feed Line - Pulling Out of the Top or Bottom Bottom Fittings – Types/Titanium is only acceptable Metal Gaskets – Viton Only; No EPDM
Sodium Hypochlorite Degradation – Average Manufacturer @ 70 Degrees F
Time of Manufacture - 12.5 Trade Percent 2 Days Later – 12.43 Trade Percent 7 Days Later – 12.25 Trade Percent 14 Days Later – 12.01 Trade Percent 21 Days Later – 11.78 Trade Percent 28 Days Later – 11.55 Trade Percent
Chlorine Gas Ozone UltraViolet (UV)
56%
<1% <1% NaOCl (Bulk) NaOCl (On-Site Generation) Chlorine Dioxide
<1% 1%
42%
Sodium Hypochlorite
Bleach Liquid Bleach Liquid Chlorine Soda Bleach Liquor Chlorine

Fill Line
Air Pressure – 15 to 25 psi Trucks Carry Up to 60’ Hose Long Length – Consider Upsizing to 3” Length Proportional to Offload Time Maximum Length – 200’ Proper supports – 45 Degree Down
IPS WELDON CPVC 724 – 24 to 48 hrs setup time (grey) IPS EZ WELDON WET R’ DRY PVC 725 – 10 minutes under low pressure (blue)
Typically used in Power Plants; Beware of Sizing Issues
PVC Applications: Socket Welding vs. Threaded Connections

Minimize the Use of Threaded Connections Use Stainless Steel Re-inforced Fittings on Threaded Joints When Possible – Pump Discharge Fittings If you must use a threaded connection, two wraps of Teflon Tape only Use proper glue procedure – 45-Degree Bevel, Debur, Clean/Prime, and Glue Each End. Use proper Glue:
35 Days Later – 11.34 Trade Percent
Sodium Hypochlorite Degradation – Average Manufacturer @ 80 Degrees F
Time of Manufacture - 12.5 Trade Percent 2 Days Later – 12.34 Trade Percent 7 Days Later – 11.96 Trade Percent 14 Days Later – 11.47 Trade Percent 21 Days Later – 11.01 Trade Percent 28 Days Later – 10.59 Trade Percent