2019年高考语法名词性从句复习及练习(word含答案)
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2019年高考语法名词性从句复习及练习
一.名词性从句梳理
基础知识回顾
知识讲解
主语从句：
做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有连词that ，whether，连接代词who ，what ，which，连接副词when，where，how，why 等。
1）从属连词：that，whether等.
that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略。
That he will win is certain.他肯定会赢。
Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。
注意: 由that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免“头重脚轻”, 常用it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。例如:
That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible.
It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice.
it为形式主语
2. That they should like each other is natural.
It is natural that they should like each other.
这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:
1) It is + n. +从句
It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是……It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是…
It is a fact that……是事实It is common knowledge that……是常识
2) It is + adj. +从句
It’s certain that…肯定…It is possible that... 很可能……
It is unlikely that... 不可能……It is obvious that…很明显…
It is necessary \important \natural\... that…+(should) +do…
3) It +不及物动词+从句
It happened that... 碰巧……It occurred to me that…我突然想起…
4) It + be +过去分词+从句
It is said that... 据说……It is known to all that... 众所周知……
It is reported that... 据报道……It is believed that...据信……;人们相信……
It is suggested that + (should）do... 建议……It must be admitted that…必须承认……
It cannot be denied that…不可否认……It must be pointed out that…需指出的是……
2.连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever(Who, whom, which, what 可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序)
What many scientists believe is that the earth is round …
Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.
Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
Which student will win is uncertain.
Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 这里说的话都应当保密。Whoever makes mistakes must correct them. 凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。
3)连接副词when，where，how，why等。
Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.
When they will leave is not decided.
Where she is from is unknown.
How we will paint the house has not been decided.
主语从句的规律：
找出下列句子中的错误，并总结规律
例1.When will he come is not known.
正：When he will come is not known.
规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序，即主语在前，谓语在后。
例2. He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.
正：That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.
规律二、连词that 在从句中无实际意义，但不能省略。
例3. If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
正：Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
规律三、whether 可以引导主语从句，放在句首，但if不能
例4. That whether he will help others is a fact.
正：That he will help others is a fact.