低电压穿越(LVRT)要求及测试
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Low-Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) Requirements and Testing 低电压穿越（LVRT）要求及测试
Dr.-Ing. Karl-Heinz Weck
Forschungsgemeinsc haft für Elektrische Anlagen und Stromwirtschaft e.V.
1
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Wind power in Germany 德国风力发电 Prognosis for 2020 2020年目标
On land 陆上 On sea 海上
2
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
History of Grid Codes in Germany up to 2007 德国并网导则发展历程(至2007年)
25000
Installed Power in MW
The European UCTE interconnected 400 kV system 欧洲电力传输协调联盟UCTE互联的400 kV 系统
4 14 3 UCTE: Co-operation of European transmission system operators UCTE: 欧洲电力传输协调联盟 Transmission systems (400 kV) directly connected 输电系统(400 kV) 直接相连 Permissible simultaneous disconnection of generation 3.000 MW to avoid Power flow oscilations 为避免潮流振荡，允许同时切 除3000 MW 的发电容量 Connection to the remote ends of the UCTE system 接入UCTE 系统远端
Skv ≈ 200 MVA
WT
Low-voltage低压 400 V
Wind power share < 5% 风电比例< 5% Connection to distribution system 接入配电网 Load-flow in transmission and sub-transmission not influenced. 输电网及次输电网的潮流不受 影响 Wind power not necessary for power supply reliability 供电可靠性对风电没有要求
Power generation of Wind Turbines - State 2001 2001年风电状况
Skv ≈ 10000 MVA G
Transmission输电网 UCTE 400 kV
Skv ≈ 1500 MVA
G
Subtransmission 次输电网 110/132 kV Industry工业 Distribution 配电网 Small Industry小工业
Additive power regneration 附加电源改造
Skv ≈ 10 MVA
Households 居民区
5
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Power generation of Wind Turbines - State 2001
Power generation of Wind Turbines since 2003 2003年后风电状况 Wind power share increased above
Skv ≈ 10000 MVA WT G
Transmission输电网 UCTE 400 kV
10% 风力发电比例增长超过10%
Wind power in Germany 德国风力发电 State 30th June 2007 2007年6月30日状况
Installed: 21,3 GW 装机容量: 21.3 GW Number: 18.700WEA 台数： 18700 台 Generated: 37,5 TWh 发电量： 37.5 TWh Energy Share: 6,9% 能源比例： 6.9%
G
Subtransmission 次输电网110/132 kV
WT
Industry工业 Distribution配电网 Small Industry小工业
Locally above 20 % 个别地区超过20% WT connection to sub-transmission and transmission frequent 风电机组常接入次输电网及输电网
Main concern of public power supply companies: 公共供电公司关心的主要问题：
Voltage quality disturbances 电压质量扰动 Performance of private generation plant during power system disturbances due to faults 故障造成电力系统扰动期间私营发电厂的特性 Grid Codes 1 to 4 concentrated on these 2 subjects 并网导则1至4主要集中在这两个方面
Fixed balance for power generation using renewable energy resources Wind, Water, Biomass and Biogas, Photovoltaic 可再生能源发电如风电、水电、生物质能和沼气、光伏采用固定上网电价 Priviledged grid connection of power plants 发电厂优先接入电网
Brown棕色: 330 kVÜ bertragung
10
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Power generation of Wind Turbines since 2003 2003年后风电状况
Short-circuit currents small and of short duration 短路电流小且持续时间短
Usual protection by overcurrent relays not effective 常规的过流保护不起作用 Protection during faults by voltage and frequency variation 故障期间根据电压和频率变化进行保护
First federal laws for renewable energy generation (EEG) and combined heatelectricity generation (BHKW) published by the Federal Government of Germany 由德国联邦政府颁布的第一部关于可再生能源发电(EEG) 和热电联产 (BHKW) 的联邦法律
History of Grid Codes in Germany since 2003 2003年后德国并网导则发展历程
Grid Codes Transmission Systems 并网导则输电网部分 1 2 3 4
25000
Installed Power in MW
20000
15000
10000
6
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Gridຫໍສະໝຸດ BaiduCodes 1 to 4 for Distribution Systems 配电系统并网导则1至4
Wind turbine techniques up to 2001 至2001年的风电机组技术
Directly coupled asynchronous generators 直接接入电网的异步发电机 Double-fed asynchronous generators 双馈异步发电机 Full-power frequency converters 全功率变频器
Performance during system faults 系统故障期间特性
Low-voltage 低压 400 V
Households 居民区
Sudden large scale loss of power generation 系统在瞬间损失大量电源
9
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
20000
15000
10000
5000
0 1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Year
1
2
3
4
5
Grid Codes Distribution Systems 并网导则配电网部分
3
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Basic requirement in Grid Codes fast disconnection at system faults 并网导则关于系统故障时快速脱网基本要求
Low-voltage protection 低压保护: 0,8 Un High-voltage protection 高压保护: 1,06 Un Low-frequency protection 低频保护: 49 Hz High-frequency protection 高频保护: 51 Hz
WT
Voltage and load-flow in transmission and subtransmission influenced 输电网和次输电网的电压和潮流受 到影响
Large scale disconnection of WT from the system at system faults leads to 系统故障时大规模风电从系统解列导致
Power generation of Wind Turbines since 2003 2003年后风电状况
The European UCTE interconnected 400 kV system 欧洲电力传输协调联盟UCTE互联的400 kV 系统
Red红色: 500 kV Transmission输电网
2001年风电状况
Grid Codes 1 to 4 for Distribution Systems 配电网并网导则1至4
Grid Codes exclusively for private power generation 并网导则仅适用于私有发电
Codes not applicable to generation of public power supply companies 导则不适用于公共供电公司
5000
0 1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Year
1
2
3
4
5
Grid Codes Distribution Systems 并网导则配电网部分
8
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Installed Power in Germany 德国装机容量
Installed Power Year 年份 装机容量 Total 总计 GW
Installed Power 装机容量 Wind energy 风能 GW
2000 2007
123 125
6 (4,9%) 22 (17,6%)
4
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Fast disconnection prior to reclosing after faults required 要求风电机组在故障后重合闸之前快速切除
7
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Dr.-Ing. Karl-Heinz Weck
Forschungsgemeinsc haft für Elektrische Anlagen und Stromwirtschaft e.V.
1
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Wind power in Germany 德国风力发电 Prognosis for 2020 2020年目标
On land 陆上 On sea 海上
2
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
History of Grid Codes in Germany up to 2007 德国并网导则发展历程(至2007年)
25000
Installed Power in MW
The European UCTE interconnected 400 kV system 欧洲电力传输协调联盟UCTE互联的400 kV 系统
4 14 3 UCTE: Co-operation of European transmission system operators UCTE: 欧洲电力传输协调联盟 Transmission systems (400 kV) directly connected 输电系统(400 kV) 直接相连 Permissible simultaneous disconnection of generation 3.000 MW to avoid Power flow oscilations 为避免潮流振荡，允许同时切 除3000 MW 的发电容量 Connection to the remote ends of the UCTE system 接入UCTE 系统远端
Skv ≈ 200 MVA
WT
Low-voltage低压 400 V
Wind power share < 5% 风电比例< 5% Connection to distribution system 接入配电网 Load-flow in transmission and sub-transmission not influenced. 输电网及次输电网的潮流不受 影响 Wind power not necessary for power supply reliability 供电可靠性对风电没有要求
Power generation of Wind Turbines - State 2001 2001年风电状况
Skv ≈ 10000 MVA G
Transmission输电网 UCTE 400 kV
Skv ≈ 1500 MVA
G
Subtransmission 次输电网 110/132 kV Industry工业 Distribution 配电网 Small Industry小工业
Additive power regneration 附加电源改造
Skv ≈ 10 MVA
Households 居民区
5
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Power generation of Wind Turbines - State 2001
Power generation of Wind Turbines since 2003 2003年后风电状况 Wind power share increased above
Skv ≈ 10000 MVA WT G
Transmission输电网 UCTE 400 kV
10% 风力发电比例增长超过10%
Wind power in Germany 德国风力发电 State 30th June 2007 2007年6月30日状况
Installed: 21,3 GW 装机容量: 21.3 GW Number: 18.700WEA 台数： 18700 台 Generated: 37,5 TWh 发电量： 37.5 TWh Energy Share: 6,9% 能源比例： 6.9%
G
Subtransmission 次输电网110/132 kV
WT
Industry工业 Distribution配电网 Small Industry小工业
Locally above 20 % 个别地区超过20% WT connection to sub-transmission and transmission frequent 风电机组常接入次输电网及输电网
Main concern of public power supply companies: 公共供电公司关心的主要问题：
Voltage quality disturbances 电压质量扰动 Performance of private generation plant during power system disturbances due to faults 故障造成电力系统扰动期间私营发电厂的特性 Grid Codes 1 to 4 concentrated on these 2 subjects 并网导则1至4主要集中在这两个方面
Fixed balance for power generation using renewable energy resources Wind, Water, Biomass and Biogas, Photovoltaic 可再生能源发电如风电、水电、生物质能和沼气、光伏采用固定上网电价 Priviledged grid connection of power plants 发电厂优先接入电网
Brown棕色: 330 kVÜ bertragung
10
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Power generation of Wind Turbines since 2003 2003年后风电状况
Short-circuit currents small and of short duration 短路电流小且持续时间短
Usual protection by overcurrent relays not effective 常规的过流保护不起作用 Protection during faults by voltage and frequency variation 故障期间根据电压和频率变化进行保护
First federal laws for renewable energy generation (EEG) and combined heatelectricity generation (BHKW) published by the Federal Government of Germany 由德国联邦政府颁布的第一部关于可再生能源发电(EEG) 和热电联产 (BHKW) 的联邦法律
History of Grid Codes in Germany since 2003 2003年后德国并网导则发展历程
Grid Codes Transmission Systems 并网导则输电网部分 1 2 3 4
25000
Installed Power in MW
20000
15000
10000
6
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Gridຫໍສະໝຸດ BaiduCodes 1 to 4 for Distribution Systems 配电系统并网导则1至4
Wind turbine techniques up to 2001 至2001年的风电机组技术
Directly coupled asynchronous generators 直接接入电网的异步发电机 Double-fed asynchronous generators 双馈异步发电机 Full-power frequency converters 全功率变频器
Performance during system faults 系统故障期间特性
Low-voltage 低压 400 V
Households 居民区
Sudden large scale loss of power generation 系统在瞬间损失大量电源
9
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
20000
15000
10000
5000
0 1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Year
1
2
3
4
5
Grid Codes Distribution Systems 并网导则配电网部分
3
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Basic requirement in Grid Codes fast disconnection at system faults 并网导则关于系统故障时快速脱网基本要求
Low-voltage protection 低压保护: 0,8 Un High-voltage protection 高压保护: 1,06 Un Low-frequency protection 低频保护: 49 Hz High-frequency protection 高频保护: 51 Hz
WT
Voltage and load-flow in transmission and subtransmission influenced 输电网和次输电网的电压和潮流受 到影响
Large scale disconnection of WT from the system at system faults leads to 系统故障时大规模风电从系统解列导致
Power generation of Wind Turbines since 2003 2003年后风电状况
The European UCTE interconnected 400 kV system 欧洲电力传输协调联盟UCTE互联的400 kV 系统
Red红色: 500 kV Transmission输电网
2001年风电状况
Grid Codes 1 to 4 for Distribution Systems 配电网并网导则1至4
Grid Codes exclusively for private power generation 并网导则仅适用于私有发电
Codes not applicable to generation of public power supply companies 导则不适用于公共供电公司
5000
0 1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Year
1
2
3
4
5
Grid Codes Distribution Systems 并网导则配电网部分
8
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Installed Power in Germany 德国装机容量
Installed Power Year 年份 装机容量 Total 总计 GW
Installed Power 装机容量 Wind energy 风能 GW
2000 2007
123 125
6 (4,9%) 22 (17,6%)
4
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing
Fast disconnection prior to reclosing after faults required 要求风电机组在故障后重合闸之前快速切除
7
LVRT Workshop Beijing 06./07. January 2009 Weck: LVRT requirements and testing