英语句子成分讲解及句子类型
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பைடு நூலகம்
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一、主语
主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。 主语一般位于__句__首__ 。
1.Lucy likes her new bike. 2.We work hard. 3.To learn a foreign language is not easy. 4.Playing football after school is great fun.
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15
五、定语
定语：用来修饰限定_名__词__.
This is a red car. The building is their teaching building. The woman doctor is my wife. I have something to tell you. The man in front of the gate is Mr. Li. Every student has an English book.
取得英语语法成功的基石
A
1
Parts of Speach
作
词类
用
例词
1. （n.）表示人或事 名 词 物的名称。
✓I bought a book . ✓She is a student.
2. (pron.） 代词
代替名词、 数词等。
✓This is my friend. ✓He likes that book because it is very useful to him.
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三、宾语
宾语：动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么。一 般放在_及__物__动__词__或__介__词___后面.
1.We study English. 2.Our teacher said that he would go there. 3.He is looking at the dog. △双宾语：指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语。
He is a teacher.
2）持续系动词，用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或
态度，主要有keep, remain, stay
He always kept silent at meeting.
他开会时总保持沉默。
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3）表像系动词，用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要
有seem, appear, look, 例如：
7介. (p词rep.）表 代 他示词 词名和 之词其间、✓SuHnedauyssu.ally stay at home on 的关系。
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8（连. c词onj.）连 或 作接 句 用词 与 。与 句词的
✓He and I are in the same class and we are good friends. ✓Two or three of us can dance well but I can’t .
He became mad after that.
6）终止系动词，表示主语已终止动作，主要有
prove, turn out
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。 His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。
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谓语 （V.）
实义动词 连系动词 情态动词 助动词
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2
✓He is small but he is
3形. （容a词dj.）表 事 征物示 或人 性的或 状特。c✓t✓hlTHeevheeterep.raaecindhteeprde.nthise
useful for wall white
yesterday.
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4.
表示数 ✓There are ten apples on the
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△情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语, 必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语.
They can speak English well. They are playing over there.
A
9
系动词
1）状态系动词，用来表示主语状态，只有be （am,is ,are,was,were,been,being）一词
He gave me two books.
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四、表语
表语：跟在连系动词后面的词语或从句,用 来说明主语的身份,特征,状态.
The trees turn green. The flowers are beautiful . My job is to teach you English. The question is how we can get there.
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7
实义动词
二、谓语 连系动词 （V.） 情态动词 助动词
谓语:说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由 _动__词___ 充当.动词常分为实义动词,连系动词, 情态动词和助动词.
• 1. We love China. • 2. She seems tired. • 3. He can speak English • 4. We have finished reading this book.
(num.） 目或顺 table and I will take the first
数词 序。 one.
5动. （词v.）表 作 态示 。或动状
✓We are working hard at English. ✓I want to become an engineer.
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✓I like English very much. 6副. （词adv.）表 的 性特示 状特征动征作或。✓k✓✓iTTHndhheleeysett.erldaaoicnmhegcrooetmsreefsaatststo.ussee us.
He looks tired. He seems (to be) very sad.
4）感官系动词，主要有feel, smell, sound, taste This flower smells very sweet.
A
11
5）变化系动词，表示主语变成什么样，主要有
become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come
9(感i.n叹ter词j.）表 感示 情强烈的
✓Oh ! How beautiful the scene is! ✓What a good idea! Goodness !
10. （art.） 冠词
用来限制名 词的意义
✓I have a pet dog . ✓The dog is very lovely. ✓He is an old man but very strong.
A
6
一、主语
主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。 主语一般位于__句__首__ 。
1.Lucy likes her new bike. 2.We work hard. 3.To learn a foreign language is not easy. 4.Playing football after school is great fun.
A
15
五、定语
定语：用来修饰限定_名__词__.
This is a red car. The building is their teaching building. The woman doctor is my wife. I have something to tell you. The man in front of the gate is Mr. Li. Every student has an English book.
取得英语语法成功的基石
A
1
Parts of Speach
作
词类
用
例词
1. （n.）表示人或事 名 词 物的名称。
✓I bought a book . ✓She is a student.
2. (pron.） 代词
代替名词、 数词等。
✓This is my friend. ✓He likes that book because it is very useful to him.
A
13
三、宾语
宾语：动作行为的对象，说明主语做什么。一 般放在_及__物__动__词__或__介__词___后面.
1.We study English. 2.Our teacher said that he would go there. 3.He is looking at the dog. △双宾语：指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语。
He is a teacher.
2）持续系动词，用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或
态度，主要有keep, remain, stay
He always kept silent at meeting.
他开会时总保持沉默。
A
10
3）表像系动词，用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要
有seem, appear, look, 例如：
7介. (p词rep.）表 代 他示词 词名和 之词其间、✓SuHnedauyssu.ally stay at home on 的关系。
A
5
8（连. c词onj.）连 或 作接 句 用词 与 。与 句词的
✓He and I are in the same class and we are good friends. ✓Two or three of us can dance well but I can’t .
He became mad after that.
6）终止系动词，表示主语已终止动作，主要有
prove, turn out
The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。 His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。
A
12
谓语 （V.）
实义动词 连系动词 情态动词 助动词
A
2
✓He is small but he is
3形. （容a词dj.）表 事 征物示 或人 性的或 状特。c✓t✓hlTHeevheeterep.raaecindhteeprde.nthise
useful for wall white
yesterday.
A
3
4.
表示数 ✓There are ten apples on the
A
8
△情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语, 必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语.
They can speak English well. They are playing over there.
A
9
系动词
1）状态系动词，用来表示主语状态，只有be （am,is ,are,was,were,been,being）一词
He gave me two books.
A
14
四、表语
表语：跟在连系动词后面的词语或从句,用 来说明主语的身份,特征,状态.
The trees turn green. The flowers are beautiful . My job is to teach you English. The question is how we can get there.
A
7
实义动词
二、谓语 连系动词 （V.） 情态动词 助动词
谓语:说明主语做什么或怎么样。通常由 _动__词___ 充当.动词常分为实义动词,连系动词, 情态动词和助动词.
• 1. We love China. • 2. She seems tired. • 3. He can speak English • 4. We have finished reading this book.
(num.） 目或顺 table and I will take the first
数词 序。 one.
5动. （词v.）表 作 态示 。或动状
✓We are working hard at English. ✓I want to become an engineer.
A
4
✓I like English very much. 6副. （词adv.）表 的 性特示 状特征动征作或。✓k✓✓iTTHndhheleeysett.erldaaoicnmhegcrooetmsreefsaatststo.ussee us.
He looks tired. He seems (to be) very sad.
4）感官系动词，主要有feel, smell, sound, taste This flower smells very sweet.
A
11
5）变化系动词，表示主语变成什么样，主要有
become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come
9(感i.n叹ter词j.）表 感示 情强烈的
✓Oh ! How beautiful the scene is! ✓What a good idea! Goodness !
10. （art.） 冠词
用来限制名 词的意义
✓I have a pet dog . ✓The dog is very lovely. ✓He is an old man but very strong.