译林版八年级下册英语Unit7被动语态讲解课件
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被动语态
中考考什么？
1.被动语态的用法 2.如何将主动语态变成被动语态
英语的两大语态： 主动语态和被动语态
A.主动语态中主语是谓语动词的发出者。宾 语是谓语动词的对象。 B.被动语态中主语是谓语动词的承受者(动作 的对象)。 被动语态的谓语构成: 助动词be＋动词过去分词
什么时候要用被动语态呢？
在下列三种情况之一要用被动语态： ①不知道动作的执行者是谁，用被动语 态。 ②没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，用 被动语态。 ③需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语 态
主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：
We clean our classroom every day. 主语 谓语 宾语
Our classroom
is cleaned
by us every day
即:、主变宾、宾变主,谓语动词变被动。” (注:主变宾即主语变为介词by宾语)
[注意]①把主动语态改为被动语态时，
句子的时态不能变。且be动词和新主 语保持一致。如上例，所给的主动句 子是一般现在时，改为被动语态时， 也要用一般现在时。 ②如果主动句中的主语是人称代 词，改为被动句时作介词 by的宾语， 要用宾格。如上例中的主语we改为us。
归纳总结方法
主动语态改为被动语态可 一变 二套 三注意 来进行。即： ①变—把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语， 把主动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词by的宾 语。 ②套—根据原句的时态套用相应时态。 ③注意—注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。
例：①Many people speak English.
English
is spoken
by many people.
各种时态被动语态谓语结构对照表
1 2 3
4
时 态 被动语态 am/is/are+过去分词 一般现在时 was/were+过去分词 一般过去时 一般将来时 will/be going to+be+过去分 词 would+be+过去分词 过去将来时
6 过去进行时
was/were+being+过去分 词
7 现在完成时 have/has+been+过去分词
8 过去完成时 9 含情态动词
had+been+过去分词 情态动词+be+过去分词
在被动语态中要注意的问题 一些使役动词(let, have, make等)或感官 动词(see, hear，watch, notice等)真奇怪。 主动语态后_____ ，被动语态_______ 不带 to 。 to回来 A.The boss makes the workers work 18 hours a day. The workers are made to work 18 hours a day by the boss. B. I saw him enter the house. He was seen to enter the house by me.
C. We hear her sing in the room every day. She____________________ is heard to sing in the room every day. [注意]当使用see/hear/watch sb doing sth时， 变为被动语态时， doing保持不变。如： I saw him going into the shop.(主动) going into the shop.(被动) He was seen _______
实义动词和感观动词主被动语态对照表
使 役 动 Have/let sb. do sth. Sb. Be have/let to do 词 sth. 感 观 动 词
主动语态 make sb do sth
被动语态 Sb. be made to do sth
see sb do sth watch/hear/ notice sb do sth
Sb. be seen to do sth Sb. be watched/heard/ noticed to do sth
把下列主动句改为被动句
①Lily writes many letters every day.
Many letters are written by Lily every day. ②They visited this farm last year.
This farm was visited by them last year.
把下列句子变成被动语态
1. The boy cleaned the desk a moment ago. was cleaned by the boy a The desk____________ moment ago. 2. We will plant 2000 trees next year. will be planted by us 2000 trees_______________ next year.
3. You must keep the room clean and tidy. must be kept The room ________________ clean and tidy by you. 4. The police have caught the thief. has been caught The thief __________________ by the police.
中考考什么？
1.被动语态的用法 2.如何将主动语态变成被动语态
英语的两大语态： 主动语态和被动语态
A.主动语态中主语是谓语动词的发出者。宾 语是谓语动词的对象。 B.被动语态中主语是谓语动词的承受者(动作 的对象)。 被动语态的谓语构成: 助动词be＋动词过去分词
什么时候要用被动语态呢？
在下列三种情况之一要用被动语态： ①不知道动作的执行者是谁，用被动语 态。 ②没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，用 被动语态。 ③需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语 态
主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：
We clean our classroom every day. 主语 谓语 宾语
Our classroom
is cleaned
by us every day
即:、主变宾、宾变主,谓语动词变被动。” (注:主变宾即主语变为介词by宾语)
[注意]①把主动语态改为被动语态时，
句子的时态不能变。且be动词和新主 语保持一致。如上例，所给的主动句 子是一般现在时，改为被动语态时， 也要用一般现在时。 ②如果主动句中的主语是人称代 词，改为被动句时作介词 by的宾语， 要用宾格。如上例中的主语we改为us。
归纳总结方法
主动语态改为被动语态可 一变 二套 三注意 来进行。即： ①变—把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语， 把主动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词by的宾 语。 ②套—根据原句的时态套用相应时态。 ③注意—注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。
例：①Many people speak English.
English
is spoken
by many people.
各种时态被动语态谓语结构对照表
1 2 3
4
时 态 被动语态 am/is/are+过去分词 一般现在时 was/were+过去分词 一般过去时 一般将来时 will/be going to+be+过去分 词 would+be+过去分词 过去将来时
6 过去进行时
was/were+being+过去分 词
7 现在完成时 have/has+been+过去分词
8 过去完成时 9 含情态动词
had+been+过去分词 情态动词+be+过去分词
在被动语态中要注意的问题 一些使役动词(let, have, make等)或感官 动词(see, hear，watch, notice等)真奇怪。 主动语态后_____ ，被动语态_______ 不带 to 。 to回来 A.The boss makes the workers work 18 hours a day. The workers are made to work 18 hours a day by the boss. B. I saw him enter the house. He was seen to enter the house by me.
C. We hear her sing in the room every day. She____________________ is heard to sing in the room every day. [注意]当使用see/hear/watch sb doing sth时， 变为被动语态时， doing保持不变。如： I saw him going into the shop.(主动) going into the shop.(被动) He was seen _______
实义动词和感观动词主被动语态对照表
使 役 动 Have/let sb. do sth. Sb. Be have/let to do 词 sth. 感 观 动 词
主动语态 make sb do sth
被动语态 Sb. be made to do sth
see sb do sth watch/hear/ notice sb do sth
Sb. be seen to do sth Sb. be watched/heard/ noticed to do sth
把下列主动句改为被动句
①Lily writes many letters every day.
Many letters are written by Lily every day. ②They visited this farm last year.
This farm was visited by them last year.
把下列句子变成被动语态
1. The boy cleaned the desk a moment ago. was cleaned by the boy a The desk____________ moment ago. 2. We will plant 2000 trees next year. will be planted by us 2000 trees_______________ next year.
3. You must keep the room clean and tidy. must be kept The room ________________ clean and tidy by you. 4. The police have caught the thief. has been caught The thief __________________ by the police.