shakespeare_career生涯莎士比亚英文_简明英国文学史
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• 2. 1) Rime scheme: systematic arrangement of the rime. • 2）Iambic: one unstressed syllable followed by a stressed
Prose
Thomas More (1478-1535)
• Life: a Parliament member and a judge • Works: Utopia , in Latin; the first real significant expression of
the English humanist idea
Poetry
The Shephearde’s Calendar, a pastoral poem in 12 parts, one for each month of the year modeled on Virgil’s verse dialogues/famous for his skillful use of many verse forms and his extraordinary musical effects/set the pastoral fashion in English literature/starting the great lyrical poetry of the last two decades of the 16th century
opened in 1599
Its successes had made Shakespeare a rich man
He became one of the principal investors
The Globe Theatre
The Globe Theatre
The Rebuilt Globe Theater
Contents
1、Social Background 2、Ideological Trend 3、Literary Achievements 4、William Shakespeare
Ideological Trend
Renaissance
•Means “rebwk.baidu.comrth” or “revival” •Began in the 14th century in Italy with the flowering of painting, sculpture, and literature and later spread to France, Spain, Holland, etc. •It is a •Represented by the translation of classical works •Its ideal was Humanism
Francis Bacon(1561-1626) “forerunner of modern
science and scientific learning” • Life: educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, worked as
parliament member, solicitor-general, atorney-general, lord keeper, lord chancellor; He is not only the first English essayist, but also the founder of English materialist philosophy. • Works: Advancement of Learning (1605); Novum Organum (1620) (Latin); The New Atlantis; Collection of Essays
Poetry
what is a pastoral: pastoral presents a simple and idealized world inhabited by shepherds and shepherdesses who chiefly are concerned to tend their flocks, fall in love, and engage in poetry contests. The values of this mode are defined by leisure and humble contentment which are the opposite of pride, ambition and the pursuit of fame and fortune. Pastoral exalts the simple country life over the city and its business, the military camp and its warfare, the court and the burdens of rule.
Ideological Trend
Humanism:
the rediscoveries of the ancient Greek and Roman mythology and the discovery of man himself: emphasizing his dignity, potentiality of the individual, the worth of this life; glorifying man’s love, friendship, etc.
Poetry
The Faerie Queene, His major achievement, it has the following characteristics: 1. an allegorical romance; 2. a morality book, because it is modeled on the moral values set up by Aristotle tending to educate young rulers; 3. a romantic epic: baroque style, a blending of picturesque elements: the unexpected, the wild, the fantastic, the eccentric /national epic; 4. the language: imitating Chauser’s language, an archaic language
• Comedy • Tragedy
His Plays
• Historical play
Comedies
• Much Ado About Nothing • As You Like It • A Midsummer Night’s Dream • The Merchant of Venice • The Merry Wives of Winsor • Twelfth Night • The Tempest
Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?...
Hamlet
To be or not to be: That is the question…
His birth place： Stratford-upon-Avon
His School： King’s New School
• On the [View] menu, point to [Master], and then click [Slide Master] or [Notes Master].
• “All the world 's a stage, / And all the men and women merely players.”——
Drama
University Wits: John Lyly, Thomas Lodge, Thomas Nashe, Robert Greene and Christopher Marlowe
Click to edit title style
• How do I incorporate my logo to a slide that will apply to all the other slides?
Poetry
➢ Lyrical verses ➢ Samuel John “ a nest of singing birds” ➢ Sonnet：Italian poet Petrarch; introduced to
England by Sir Thomas Wyatt, Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey ➢ Representatives: Edmund Spenser; William Shakespeare; Ben Johnson; John Donne, John Milton
• Religion: Religious Reformation
• Military Affairs: powerful navy
• Science: influenced by Copernicus; Galileo
Social Background
• Historical periods:
The Tudors: Henry VII unified England(not Scotland and Ireland) Henry VIII (1509-1547) Mary (1553-58) Elizabeth (1558-1603)
His wife: Anne Hathaway’s Cottage
London
went to London at 21
joined a travelling company of actors
worked both as an actor and a writer
The Globe Theatre
The end of his life
Return to Stratford in 1610
Destruction of the Globe Theatre in 1613 (the Great Fire of London)
In 1616 Shakespeare died on April, 23 (his birthday!)
Social Background
• Social formation: feudal society the foundation of capitalism;
• Economy: wool trade Movement
Enclosure
• Politics: The absolute monarchy (the reign of King Henry VIII)
Tragedies
• Hamlet • Othello • King Lear • Macbeth
Sonnet
• 1. Sonnet: a 14-line iambic pentameter with a rigid rime scheme.
• two variants: the Italian one with abbaabbacdcdcd or abbaabbacdecde as rime scheme and the English one with ababcdcdefefgg.
Click to edit title style
His Life His Works Sonnet 18
He was born on April 23, 1564 and died on April 23, 1616
He produced 37plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poems
The Stuarts: James I (1603-1685) James II (1685-1688) William and Mary (1688-1702)
Lyrical poetry: sonnets, pastoral, etc. great development of prose Golden age of Dramas
Prose
Thomas More (1478-1535)
• Life: a Parliament member and a judge • Works: Utopia , in Latin; the first real significant expression of
the English humanist idea
Poetry
The Shephearde’s Calendar, a pastoral poem in 12 parts, one for each month of the year modeled on Virgil’s verse dialogues/famous for his skillful use of many verse forms and his extraordinary musical effects/set the pastoral fashion in English literature/starting the great lyrical poetry of the last two decades of the 16th century
opened in 1599
Its successes had made Shakespeare a rich man
He became one of the principal investors
The Globe Theatre
The Globe Theatre
The Rebuilt Globe Theater
Contents
1、Social Background 2、Ideological Trend 3、Literary Achievements 4、William Shakespeare
Ideological Trend
Renaissance
•Means “rebwk.baidu.comrth” or “revival” •Began in the 14th century in Italy with the flowering of painting, sculpture, and literature and later spread to France, Spain, Holland, etc. •It is a •Represented by the translation of classical works •Its ideal was Humanism
Francis Bacon(1561-1626) “forerunner of modern
science and scientific learning” • Life: educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, worked as
parliament member, solicitor-general, atorney-general, lord keeper, lord chancellor; He is not only the first English essayist, but also the founder of English materialist philosophy. • Works: Advancement of Learning (1605); Novum Organum (1620) (Latin); The New Atlantis; Collection of Essays
Poetry
what is a pastoral: pastoral presents a simple and idealized world inhabited by shepherds and shepherdesses who chiefly are concerned to tend their flocks, fall in love, and engage in poetry contests. The values of this mode are defined by leisure and humble contentment which are the opposite of pride, ambition and the pursuit of fame and fortune. Pastoral exalts the simple country life over the city and its business, the military camp and its warfare, the court and the burdens of rule.
Ideological Trend
Humanism:
the rediscoveries of the ancient Greek and Roman mythology and the discovery of man himself: emphasizing his dignity, potentiality of the individual, the worth of this life; glorifying man’s love, friendship, etc.
Poetry
The Faerie Queene, His major achievement, it has the following characteristics: 1. an allegorical romance; 2. a morality book, because it is modeled on the moral values set up by Aristotle tending to educate young rulers; 3. a romantic epic: baroque style, a blending of picturesque elements: the unexpected, the wild, the fantastic, the eccentric /national epic; 4. the language: imitating Chauser’s language, an archaic language
• Comedy • Tragedy
His Plays
• Historical play
Comedies
• Much Ado About Nothing • As You Like It • A Midsummer Night’s Dream • The Merchant of Venice • The Merry Wives of Winsor • Twelfth Night • The Tempest
Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?...
Hamlet
To be or not to be: That is the question…
His birth place： Stratford-upon-Avon
His School： King’s New School
• On the [View] menu, point to [Master], and then click [Slide Master] or [Notes Master].
• “All the world 's a stage, / And all the men and women merely players.”——
Drama
University Wits: John Lyly, Thomas Lodge, Thomas Nashe, Robert Greene and Christopher Marlowe
Click to edit title style
• How do I incorporate my logo to a slide that will apply to all the other slides?
Poetry
➢ Lyrical verses ➢ Samuel John “ a nest of singing birds” ➢ Sonnet：Italian poet Petrarch; introduced to
England by Sir Thomas Wyatt, Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey ➢ Representatives: Edmund Spenser; William Shakespeare; Ben Johnson; John Donne, John Milton
• Religion: Religious Reformation
• Military Affairs: powerful navy
• Science: influenced by Copernicus; Galileo
Social Background
• Historical periods:
The Tudors: Henry VII unified England(not Scotland and Ireland) Henry VIII (1509-1547) Mary (1553-58) Elizabeth (1558-1603)
His wife: Anne Hathaway’s Cottage
London
went to London at 21
joined a travelling company of actors
worked both as an actor and a writer
The Globe Theatre
The end of his life
Return to Stratford in 1610
Destruction of the Globe Theatre in 1613 (the Great Fire of London)
In 1616 Shakespeare died on April, 23 (his birthday!)
Social Background
• Social formation: feudal society the foundation of capitalism;
• Economy: wool trade Movement
Enclosure
• Politics: The absolute monarchy (the reign of King Henry VIII)
Tragedies
• Hamlet • Othello • King Lear • Macbeth
Sonnet
• 1. Sonnet: a 14-line iambic pentameter with a rigid rime scheme.
• two variants: the Italian one with abbaabbacdcdcd or abbaabbacdecde as rime scheme and the English one with ababcdcdefefgg.
Click to edit title style
His Life His Works Sonnet 18
He was born on April 23, 1564 and died on April 23, 1616
He produced 37plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poems
The Stuarts: James I (1603-1685) James II (1685-1688) William and Mary (1688-1702)
Lyrical poetry: sonnets, pastoral, etc. great development of prose Golden age of Dramas