2019年你不知道的托福长难句那些事儿(三)

2019年你不知道的托福长难句那些事儿(三)
与SAT和ACT不同，托福阅读考试主要考察学生对句子的理解，句子读懂了，80%的题目也就不攻自破了。

这周，老师带大家把长难句搞一搞!
前两回我们讲了画成分和逻辑分析，这次我们再讲一些防碍童鞋们理解长难句的因素--特殊句型。

有一些句型，在语序上有特殊的安排，如果不知道，也会影响句子的理解。

(一) 倒装句
【例1】Basic to any understanding of Canada in the
20years after the Second World War is the country's impressive population growth。

这是一个完全倒装句。

正常语序：The country's impressive population growth is basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20years after the Second World War。

【参考译文】加拿大人口快速增长是理解二战后二十年内加拿大国情的基础。

【例2】Indeed， had it not been for the superb preservation of these fossils(虚拟条件句) ，they might well have been classified as dinosaurs。

正常语序：Indeed， if it had not been for the superb preservation of these fossils， they might well have been classified as dinosaurs。

这是一个虚拟语气，虚拟语气能够省略if，把助动词提前，变成
部分倒装。

【参考翻译】确实，如果不是因为这些化石得到了极好的保存，
他们很有可能被归类为恐龙化石。

(二)强调句
强调句的构成： It+ be+强调成分+ that/who+其他成分
注意：强调句去掉强调结构，句子仍然完整且准确的就是强调句。

所以，强调句的处理方法就是去掉强调结构，剩下的部分正常理解即可。

It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamin sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of
vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety of health-related conditions。

该句强调的是时间状语"just a decade before this"，去掉强调
结构，句子变成：
Just a decade before this， many drug companies had found their vitamin sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety of health-related conditions。

【参考译文】就在十年前，很多药厂发现他们的维生素销量飞涨，很快这些药厂开始给执业医师提供大量维生素样品，并发文宣传维生
素能够为各种身体条件提供营养补充这个优点。