基于注水算法的认知无线电功率分配研究
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硕士学位论文
基于注水算法的认知无线电功率分配研究
RESERCH ON POWER ALLOCATION OF COGNITIVE RADIO BASED ON WATER-FILLING ALGORITHM
杨小龙
哈尔滨工业大学 2012 年 6 月
国内图书分类号：TN929.5 国际图书分类号：621.396
Classified Inde：TN929.5 U.D.C：621.396
Dissertation for the Master ’s Degree in Engineering
RESERCH ON POWER ALLOCATION OF COGNITIVE RADIO BASED ON WATER-FILLING ALGORITHM
- II -
哈尔滨工业大学硕士毕业论文
spectrum sharing model isresearched. Considering power constraint, multi-water line iterative algorithm is proposed on the basis of differentiated adjustment of water-filling line algorithm, which achieves the most optimal allocation of secondary user power. Then, taking into account power constraint and interference constraint, this thesis proposes the shared spectrum iterative algorithm based on the differentiated adjustment of water-filling line algorithm. According to the simulation results, secondary users maximizing their own interests are analyzed under the underlay spectrum sharing model. Keywords: Cognitive Radio, power allocation, water-filling line, power constraint, interference constraint
学校代码：10213 密级：公开
工程硕士学位论文
基于注水算法的认知无线电功率分配研究
硕 士 研 究 生 ： 杨小龙 导 师 ： 谭学治教授
申 请 学 位 ： 工程硕士 学 科 ： 电子与通信工程
所 在 单 位 ： 电子与信息工程学院 答 辩 日 期 ： 2012 年 7 月 授予学位单位 ： 哈尔滨工业大学
-I-
哈尔滨工业大学硕士毕业论文
Abstract
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the wireless business is growing prosperity, and the number of users is increasing. However, due to the limitations of existing technology of taking advantage of the spectrum resource, the available spectrum resource is limited, and has become saturated. But, the researching results show that, spectrum resources utilization is very low for unreasonable spectrum allocation policy. Therefore, to improve the utilization of the available spectrum resources is increasingly urgent. The Cognitive Radio technology based on Software Defined Radio is not only able to detect idle and access to channel to transmit data, but also adaptively adjust the parameters of the communications equipment according to the changes in the communications environment. So that efficient use of spectrum resources will be achieved. This thesis studys Cognitive Radio spectrum sharing among secondary users and primary users, i.e. the secondary user is capable of realizing optimal power allocation within the tolerable interference constraint of the primary user. Firstly, from three different aspects, this thesis studys the theory related to Cognitive Radio power allocation. The first aspect describes Cognitive Radio spectrum sharing from different perspectives, focused on the underlay and overlay spectrum sharing of the hierarchical access model. The second aspect describes power allocation based on cooperation and non-cooperative model. Then, research and analyze the existing mode. The third area of research will be used for the mathematical theory of this article, including the gradient descent method, sub-gradient method, the Lagrange dual function. Secondly, in OFDM system, this thesis studys the secondary user power allocation under the overlay spectrum sharing model based on cooperation. According to the characteristics of OFDM system, this thesis analyzes the interference between secondary users and primary users and establishes the interference model. On the basis of the interference model, the cognitive system model is established. For solving the model, power constraint scenario is firstly considered. This paper proposes the differentiated adjustment of water-filling line algorithm which greatly reduces power allocation algorithm complexity. Then, taking into account power constraint and interference constraint, Lagrange duality principle and sub-gradient algorithm are applied to optimize the power allocation of secondary user. Then, two cases are compared to analyze the impact of restrictions constraint on the secondary user’ behavior. Finally, the secondary user power allocation based on cooperation underlay
Candidate： Supervisor： Academic Degree Applied for： Speciality： Affiliation： Date of Defence：
Yang Xiaolong Prof. Tan Xuezhi Master of Engineering Electrical and Communication Engineering School of Electronics and Information Engineering July, 2012
Degree-Conferring-Institution： Harbin Institute of Technology
Байду номын сангаас
哈尔滨工业大学硕士毕业论文
摘
要
随着人类对无线通信技术的不断探索，无线业务日益繁荣，用户数量不断增 加。然而，由于现有技术的局限性，能够利用的频谱资源很有限，并且已趋于饱 和。但是，研究结果表明，由于不合理的频谱分配政策，已授权的频谱资源平均 利用率很低。因此，提高可用频谱资源的利用率日益迫切。认知无线电技术建立 在软件无线电基础上，不仅能够检测到空闲频谱并接入使用，还能够根据通信环 境的变化自适应调整通信设备的参数，从而实现频谱资源的高效利用。本文研究 认知无线电中认知用户与授权用户频谱共享，即认知用户在授权用户能够接受的 干扰范围内实现自身最优化功率分配。 首先，本文从三个方面研究了认知无线电功率分配的相关理论。第一方面从 不同的角度阐述了认知无线电频谱共享，重点研究了分级接入模型下的覆盖式频 谱共享和正交式频谱共享。第二方面阐述了基于合作与非合作的功率分配，并对 已有的模型进行了研究与分析。第三方面研究将用于本文的数学理论，主要包括 梯度下降法、次梯度法、拉格朗日对偶函数。 其次，以 OFDM 为载体，研究基于合作的正交式频谱共享模型下认知用户功 率分配。根据 OFDM 的特点，分析认知用户与授权用户相互之间的干扰并建立干 扰模型。在干扰模型的基础上，建立认知系统模型。在对模型求解时，先考虑功 率容限情况，本文提出了基于注水线差异化调整算法，大大降低了功率分配算法 复杂度。再同时考虑功率容限与干扰容限的情况，本文采用拉格朗日对偶原理与 次梯度算法实现认知用户功率的最优化分配。然后，将两种情况进行对比，分析 限制条件对认知用户行为的影响。 最后，研究了基于合作的覆盖式频谱共享模型下认知用户功率分配。在考虑 功率容限的情况下，本文提出了基于注水线差异化调整的多注水线迭代算法，实 现认知用户功率的最优化分配。在同时考虑功率容限与干扰容限的情况下，提出 了基于注水线差异化调整的共享频谱迭代算法。然后根据仿真结果，分析认知用 户在覆盖式频谱共享模型下实现自身利益的最大化。 关键词：认知无线电；功率分配；注水线；功率容限；干扰容限
基于注水算法的认知无线电功率分配研究
RESERCH ON POWER ALLOCATION OF COGNITIVE RADIO BASED ON WATER-FILLING ALGORITHM
杨小龙
哈尔滨工业大学 2012 年 6 月
国内图书分类号：TN929.5 国际图书分类号：621.396
Classified Inde：TN929.5 U.D.C：621.396
Dissertation for the Master ’s Degree in Engineering
RESERCH ON POWER ALLOCATION OF COGNITIVE RADIO BASED ON WATER-FILLING ALGORITHM
- II -
哈尔滨工业大学硕士毕业论文
spectrum sharing model isresearched. Considering power constraint, multi-water line iterative algorithm is proposed on the basis of differentiated adjustment of water-filling line algorithm, which achieves the most optimal allocation of secondary user power. Then, taking into account power constraint and interference constraint, this thesis proposes the shared spectrum iterative algorithm based on the differentiated adjustment of water-filling line algorithm. According to the simulation results, secondary users maximizing their own interests are analyzed under the underlay spectrum sharing model. Keywords: Cognitive Radio, power allocation, water-filling line, power constraint, interference constraint
学校代码：10213 密级：公开
工程硕士学位论文
基于注水算法的认知无线电功率分配研究
硕 士 研 究 生 ： 杨小龙 导 师 ： 谭学治教授
申 请 学 位 ： 工程硕士 学 科 ： 电子与通信工程
所 在 单 位 ： 电子与信息工程学院 答 辩 日 期 ： 2012 年 7 月 授予学位单位 ： 哈尔滨工业大学
-I-
哈尔滨工业大学硕士毕业论文
Abstract
With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the wireless business is growing prosperity, and the number of users is increasing. However, due to the limitations of existing technology of taking advantage of the spectrum resource, the available spectrum resource is limited, and has become saturated. But, the researching results show that, spectrum resources utilization is very low for unreasonable spectrum allocation policy. Therefore, to improve the utilization of the available spectrum resources is increasingly urgent. The Cognitive Radio technology based on Software Defined Radio is not only able to detect idle and access to channel to transmit data, but also adaptively adjust the parameters of the communications equipment according to the changes in the communications environment. So that efficient use of spectrum resources will be achieved. This thesis studys Cognitive Radio spectrum sharing among secondary users and primary users, i.e. the secondary user is capable of realizing optimal power allocation within the tolerable interference constraint of the primary user. Firstly, from three different aspects, this thesis studys the theory related to Cognitive Radio power allocation. The first aspect describes Cognitive Radio spectrum sharing from different perspectives, focused on the underlay and overlay spectrum sharing of the hierarchical access model. The second aspect describes power allocation based on cooperation and non-cooperative model. Then, research and analyze the existing mode. The third area of research will be used for the mathematical theory of this article, including the gradient descent method, sub-gradient method, the Lagrange dual function. Secondly, in OFDM system, this thesis studys the secondary user power allocation under the overlay spectrum sharing model based on cooperation. According to the characteristics of OFDM system, this thesis analyzes the interference between secondary users and primary users and establishes the interference model. On the basis of the interference model, the cognitive system model is established. For solving the model, power constraint scenario is firstly considered. This paper proposes the differentiated adjustment of water-filling line algorithm which greatly reduces power allocation algorithm complexity. Then, taking into account power constraint and interference constraint, Lagrange duality principle and sub-gradient algorithm are applied to optimize the power allocation of secondary user. Then, two cases are compared to analyze the impact of restrictions constraint on the secondary user’ behavior. Finally, the secondary user power allocation based on cooperation underlay
Candidate： Supervisor： Academic Degree Applied for： Speciality： Affiliation： Date of Defence：
Yang Xiaolong Prof. Tan Xuezhi Master of Engineering Electrical and Communication Engineering School of Electronics and Information Engineering July, 2012
Degree-Conferring-Institution： Harbin Institute of Technology
Байду номын сангаас
哈尔滨工业大学硕士毕业论文
摘
要
随着人类对无线通信技术的不断探索，无线业务日益繁荣，用户数量不断增 加。然而，由于现有技术的局限性，能够利用的频谱资源很有限，并且已趋于饱 和。但是，研究结果表明，由于不合理的频谱分配政策，已授权的频谱资源平均 利用率很低。因此，提高可用频谱资源的利用率日益迫切。认知无线电技术建立 在软件无线电基础上，不仅能够检测到空闲频谱并接入使用，还能够根据通信环 境的变化自适应调整通信设备的参数，从而实现频谱资源的高效利用。本文研究 认知无线电中认知用户与授权用户频谱共享，即认知用户在授权用户能够接受的 干扰范围内实现自身最优化功率分配。 首先，本文从三个方面研究了认知无线电功率分配的相关理论。第一方面从 不同的角度阐述了认知无线电频谱共享，重点研究了分级接入模型下的覆盖式频 谱共享和正交式频谱共享。第二方面阐述了基于合作与非合作的功率分配，并对 已有的模型进行了研究与分析。第三方面研究将用于本文的数学理论，主要包括 梯度下降法、次梯度法、拉格朗日对偶函数。 其次，以 OFDM 为载体，研究基于合作的正交式频谱共享模型下认知用户功 率分配。根据 OFDM 的特点，分析认知用户与授权用户相互之间的干扰并建立干 扰模型。在干扰模型的基础上，建立认知系统模型。在对模型求解时，先考虑功 率容限情况，本文提出了基于注水线差异化调整算法，大大降低了功率分配算法 复杂度。再同时考虑功率容限与干扰容限的情况，本文采用拉格朗日对偶原理与 次梯度算法实现认知用户功率的最优化分配。然后，将两种情况进行对比，分析 限制条件对认知用户行为的影响。 最后，研究了基于合作的覆盖式频谱共享模型下认知用户功率分配。在考虑 功率容限的情况下，本文提出了基于注水线差异化调整的多注水线迭代算法，实 现认知用户功率的最优化分配。在同时考虑功率容限与干扰容限的情况下，提出 了基于注水线差异化调整的共享频谱迭代算法。然后根据仿真结果，分析认知用 户在覆盖式频谱共享模型下实现自身利益的最大化。 关键词：认知无线电；功率分配；注水线；功率容限；干扰容限