翻译术语

翻译基本理论术语

翻译的标准The criteria(standard)of translation

信达雅Fidelity(faithfulness) Fluency(expressiveness) Elegance(flair) 透彻的理解have a thorough understanding

准确的表达precise(accurate) expression

意译free (liberal) translation

直译literal translation

死译word-for-word translation

活译dynamic equivalence translation

重译repetition

增译(contextual) amplification

减译omission

词类转移conversion

词序调整inversion

分译division

正说反译/反说正译negation

语态变换the change of the voice

归化/异化Foreignizing/ Alienation; Domesticating/ Adaptation

对等equivalence

形式对等formal correspondence

动态（灵活）对等dynamic equivalence

意义对等equivalence in terms of meaning

风格对等equivalence in terms of style

意合Parataxis

形合Hypotaxis

欠额翻译（过载翻译）under translation (overloaded translation)

校核rectification

释义paraphrase

翻译学translatology

翻译科学science of translating

神似be alike in spirit (be an excellent likeness)

化镜sublimity (perfection)

已入化境reach(attain) perfection

和谐harmonious

和谐一致in perfect harmony

不仅形似而且神似be alike not only in appearance(form) but also in spirit

宁信而不雅It is better to be faithful than to be elegant

宁顺而不信，宁信而不顺

It is better to have a smooth version than a faithful one

Rather be faithful (in thought) than smooth (in language)

保持原文的丰姿keep the full flavor of the original work

忠实通顺Faithful(ness) and smooth(ness) (clear and coherent)

忠实的译文translation true to the original

忠实于原文true(faithful) to the original

句子不通the sentence doesn’t read smoothly

他的翻译通顺易懂his interpretation is coherent and intelligible

（泰特勒Tytler提出的）翻译三原则：1，译文应完整地再现原文的思想内容

That the translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work

2，译文的风格，笔调应与原文的性质相同

That the style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original 3，译文应象原文一样自然流畅

That the translation should have all the ease of the original composition

Generally speaking, a qualified translator should have

1, a good command of the source language

Absolute Translation 绝对翻译

Abstract Translation 摘要翻译

Abusive Translation 滥译

Acceptability 可接受性

Accuracy 准确

Adaptation 改编

Adequacy 充分[性]

Adjustment 调整

Aesthetic-Poetic Translation 美学诗体翻译

Agent 经纪人

A. I. I. C 国际会议口译联合会International Association of Conference Interpreters Analogical Form 类同形式

Analysis 分析

Applied Translation Studies 应用翻译研究

Archaism/Archaicism 古词；废词