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Right hemisphere function
• 1. Right hemisphere functioning is generally associated with holistic processing, as opposed to serial or analytic processing, which occurs in the left hemisphere. • 2. It has been suggested that the right hemisphere is responsible for storing and processing of formulaic speech (Obler 1981& Krashen 1981a). • 3. Genesee(1982)…concluded that the stage hypothesis has received insufficient support. This hypothesis is also compatible with the right hemisphere connection with formulaic speech, which is generally considered to be more prominent in settings where naturally language use in common. • 4. The right hemisphere may also be involved in pattern practice in classroom SLA. Seliger(1982) suggests that the right hemisphere may act as an initial staging mechanism for handling pattern which can then be reexamined later in left hemisphere functioning.
Lamendella’s NeurofunctБайду номын сангаасonal Theory
Two basic types of language acquisition: • (1) Primary Language Acquisition is found in the child’s acquisition of one or more languages from 2 to 5 years. • (2) Secondary Language Acquisition is subdivided into (a) foreign language learning; (b) SLA The importance of neurofunctional system for language function: • 1 The communication hierarchy: this has responsibility for language and other forms of interpersonal communication. • 2 The cognitive hierarchy: this controls a variety of cognitive information processing activities that are also part of language use.
A neurofunctional theory
The scope of neurofunctional research
• A neurofunctional perspective on language attempts to characterize the neurolinguistic information processing systems responsible for the development and use of language (Lamendella 1979:5/6). • The basis premise of a neurofuctional view of that there is a connection between language function and the neural anatomy.
Evaluation
• Lamendalla’s neurofunctional theory offers an interesting account of a number of facts about SLA. • Neurolinguistic and neurofunctional explanations are perhaps best treated as affording additional understanding about SLA, rather than an explanation of it.
Lamendella’s summarization:
• The task facing the language learner: When first confronted with the need to acquire new information structures… a learner must identify the functional hierarchy best suited to this learning,then establish the appropriate level and subsystems within the hierarchy with which to begin the learning process. • Lamendella claims that SLA can be explained neurofunctionally with reference to (1)which neurofunctional system is used– the communication or the cognitive– (2) which level within the chosen neurofunctional system is engaged .
• Lamendella does not specify: Each neurofunctional system is composed of different levels, ranged from higher to lower order, and each associated with different levels of neural organization.
The contribution of two areas of the brain:
• (1) the right hemisphere; (2) the areas of the left hemisphere • Specific aspects of SLA: (1) age difference, (2) formulaic speech, (3) fossilization; (4) pattern practice in classroom SLA.
Left hemisphere functioning • In general the left hemisphere is associated with creative language use, including syntactic and semantic processing and motor operations involved in speaking and writing. • Walsh & Diller(1981) distinguish two broad types of function: (1) lower order functioning; (2) higher order functioning