《国际贸易实务与操作》Chapter 1剖析
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Section 1 Forms of International Business
Government Controls over Trade Tariffs are import duties or taxes imposed on goods entering the customs territory of a nation. Nontariff barriers are all barriers to importing or exporting other than tariffs. One form of nontariff barrier is the technical barrier to trade, or product standard． Another type is export control.
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Section 1 Forms of International Business
Trade liberalization refers to the efforts of governments to reduce tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade. All WTO nations are entitled to normal trade relations with one another. This is referred to as Most Favored Nation trading status.
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Section 1 Forms of International Business
Exporting is generally divided into two types. Direct exporting is often done through foreign agents who work on commission, or by selling directly to foreign distributors. Indirect exporting is used by companies seeking to minimize their involvement abroad. There are several different types of indirect exporting: export trading companies, export agents, and export management company (EMC).
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Leabharlann Baidu
Section 1 Forms of International Business
1. Trade Trade consists of the import and export of goods and services. Exporting is the shipment of goods or the rendering of services to a foreign buyer located in a foreign country． Every export entails an import, and vice versa.
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Section 1Forms of International Business
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Section 1 Forms of International Business
2. Intellectual Property Rights and International Licensing Agreements Intellectual property rights are a grant from a government to an individual or firm of the exclusive legal right to use a copyright, patent, or trademark for a specified time. International licensing agreements are contracts by which the holder of intellectual property will grant certain rights in that property to a foreign firm under specified conditions and for a specified time.
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Section 1 Forms of International Business
Based on the methods of entering a foreign market, international business can be classified into three broad categories: trade, intellectual property rights and international licensing agreements, and foreign direct investment.
国际贸易实务与操作
International Trade Practice and Operation
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Chapter 1 Introduction to International Trade Practice
Teaching Objectives 1．Introduce three international business forms: trade, licensing, and foreign direct investment. 2. Discuss typical risks associated with international business transactions. 3. Explain participants and procedures of international trade.
Section 1 Forms of International Business
Government Controls over Trade Tariffs are import duties or taxes imposed on goods entering the customs territory of a nation. Nontariff barriers are all barriers to importing or exporting other than tariffs. One form of nontariff barrier is the technical barrier to trade, or product standard． Another type is export control.
6
Section 1 Forms of International Business
Trade liberalization refers to the efforts of governments to reduce tariffs and nontariff barriers to trade. All WTO nations are entitled to normal trade relations with one another. This is referred to as Most Favored Nation trading status.
4
Section 1 Forms of International Business
Exporting is generally divided into two types. Direct exporting is often done through foreign agents who work on commission, or by selling directly to foreign distributors. Indirect exporting is used by companies seeking to minimize their involvement abroad. There are several different types of indirect exporting: export trading companies, export agents, and export management company (EMC).
3
Leabharlann Baidu
Section 1 Forms of International Business
1. Trade Trade consists of the import and export of goods and services. Exporting is the shipment of goods or the rendering of services to a foreign buyer located in a foreign country． Every export entails an import, and vice versa.
8
Section 1Forms of International Business
7
Section 1 Forms of International Business
2. Intellectual Property Rights and International Licensing Agreements Intellectual property rights are a grant from a government to an individual or firm of the exclusive legal right to use a copyright, patent, or trademark for a specified time. International licensing agreements are contracts by which the holder of intellectual property will grant certain rights in that property to a foreign firm under specified conditions and for a specified time.
2
Section 1 Forms of International Business
Based on the methods of entering a foreign market, international business can be classified into three broad categories: trade, intellectual property rights and international licensing agreements, and foreign direct investment.
国际贸易实务与操作
International Trade Practice and Operation
1
Chapter 1 Introduction to International Trade Practice
Teaching Objectives 1．Introduce three international business forms: trade, licensing, and foreign direct investment. 2. Discuss typical risks associated with international business transactions. 3. Explain participants and procedures of international trade.