河北省衡水市冀州中学学高一历史下学期期末考试试题A卷讲解

合集下载

精品解析：河北省邯郸市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试历史试题(解析版)

邯郸市2024高二第二学期期末考试历史试卷本试卷满分100分，考试用时75分钟。

注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

4.本试卷主要考试内容：高考全部内容。

一、选择题：本大题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。

1.良渚遗址出土玉器上的兽面纹以有首无身者居多，突出反映的都是眼、鼻、嘴构成一个脸面形象，其各部位及构图格局几乎一致；这些特点在商周青铜器的饕餮纹中也能找到。

有研究者称：（兽面纹）突出在一种神秘威吓面前的畏怖、恐惧，残酷和凶狠，指向了某种似乎是超世间的权威神力的观念。

这说明良渚文化（）A.已形成较为完备的祭祀体系B.展现了文明起源的多样性C.呈现向阶级社会过渡的特征D.与中原文明存在互动交流【答案】C【解析】【详解】本题是单类型单项选择题。

据本题主题干的设问词，可知这是本质题。

据本题时间信息可知准确时空是：古代（中国）。

根据材料可知，良渚遗址出土玉器上的兽面纹“突出在一种神秘威吓面前的畏怖、恐惧，残酷和凶狠，指向了某种似乎是超世间的权威神力的观念”，体现了阶级特征，这说明良渚文化向阶级社会过渡，C项正确；仅凭材料内容，无法体现良渚文化已形成较为完备的祭祀体系，排除A项；材料说明良渚文化呈现向阶级社会过渡的特征，未体现文明起源的多样性，排除B项；材料说明良渚文化呈现向阶级社会过渡的特征，未涉及良渚文化与中原文明存在互动交流，排除D项。

故选C项。

2.东晋时期，某僧人在庐山传教三十余年间，不仅讲解《丧服经》，也讲解《诗经》；时常引用《庄子》的话来说明《般若经》中的内容。

他少年时便通读儒家经典，擅长用玄学比附佛经，在社会上层颇有影响。

2022-2023学年河北省邯郸市魏县第五中学高一下学期期末复习练习(二)历史试题

2022-2023学年河北省邯郸市魏县第五中学高一下学期期末复习练习（二）历史试题1. 伯利克里说：“我们的政府形式之所以称为民主制，是因为权力不掌握在少数人手里，而是由全体人民掌握。

”他所说的“全体人民”指的是（）A．全体居民B．妇女C．男性公民D．外邦人2. 下列各项最能体现美国1787年宪法“分权与制衡”原则的是A．行政、立法、司法三权分立，相互制约B．总统既是国家元首，又是政府首脑，还是联邦军队总司令，战时行使独裁大权C．美国公民享有宗教信仰、言论……保留和携带武器等自由D．总统和众议院议员由选民选举产生3. 19世纪中叶以前，欧洲殖民者在非洲的殖民活动主要分布在A．非洲的沿海地区B．非洲内陆地区C．撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲D．北非和红海沿岸4. 下列选项中属于私有制产生的影响是（）A．个体劳动逐渐盛行、土地变成私有财产B．是生产力发展到一定程度的结果C．破坏氏族成员的平等关系，导致原始社会逐渐解体D．标志着人类进入文明时代5. 下列有关近代启蒙思想家的组合有误的一项是A．17世纪－洛克－《政府论》－分权理论B．17世纪－伏尔泰－《哲学通信》－法律面前人人平等C．18世纪－孟德斯鸠－《论法的精神》－三权分立原则D．18世纪－卢梭－《社会契约论》－人民主权说6. 欧洲商人把美洲的玉米、甘薯等作物传到世界其他地区，小麦、水稻等作物又随着欧洲移民逐渐进入美洲。

这一现象开始于A．丝绸之路开通B．罗马帝国的扩张C．新航路的开辟D．垄断组织的出现7. 学者易中天说，实际上，历史的进步往往因为妥协……其实妥协是一种政治美德。

下列史实能够诠释上述观点的是①扶清灭洋②清帝退位③英国光荣革命④美国1787年宪法⑤法兰西第三共和国宪法A．①②③④B．②③④⑤C．③④⑤D．②④⑤8. 万有引力定律是牛顿的重要科学发现，下列各项中对牛顿万有引力定律的提出过程概述正确的有①观测了海王星的运动轨迹②研究了地球对月球的引力③运用了微积分做计算工具④参考了开普勒天体力学的成果A．②③B．①④C．①③④D．②③④9. 上海世博会期间，“金色少女”雕像全身镀金，是为纪念第一次世界大战中阵亡的3000名卢森堡士兵而建。

河北衡水高一考试卷

河北衡水高一考试卷一、语文（共150分）（一）文言文阅读（30分）阅读下列文言文，完成1-5题。

（文言文材料略）1. 解释下列句中加点词的含义。

（10分）（具体句子略）2. 翻译下列句子。

（10分）（具体句子略）3. 概括文中人物的主要特点。

（5分）4. 分析文中所表达的主旨。

（5分）（二）现代文阅读（30分）阅读下列现代文，完成6-10题。

（现代文材料略）6. 根据文章内容，概括作者的主要观点。

（5分）7. 作者使用了哪些修辞手法？请举例说明。

（5分）8. 分析文中某个段落的深层含义。

（5分）9. 评价文章的结构布局。

（5分）10. 根据文章内容，提出你的看法或建议。

（10分）（三）作文（90分）11. 根据题目要求，写一篇不少于800字的作文。

（90分）作文题目：《我眼中的家乡》二、数学（共150分）（一）选择题（40分）1-20题，每题2分，共40分。

（具体选择题题目略）（二）填空题（30分）21-30题，每题3分，共30分。

（具体填空题题目略）（三）解答题（80分）31-40题，每题分值不同，共80分。

（具体解答题题目略）三、英语（共150分）（一）听力（30分）1-20题，每题1.5分，共30分。

（具体听力题目略）（二）阅读理解（40分）21-40题，每题2分，共40分。

（具体阅读理解题目略）（三）完形填空（20分）41-50题，每题1分，共20分。

（具体完形填空题目略）（四）语法填空（20分）51-60题，每题1分，共20分。

（具体语法填空题目略）（五）书面表达（40分）61题，40分。

书面表达题目：《我的高中生活》四、综合科目（共300分）（一）物理（100分）1. 选择题（40分）2. 实验题（30分）3. 计算题（30分）（二）化学（100分）1. 选择题（40分）2. 实验题（30分）3. 计算题（30分）（三）生物（100分）1. 选择题（40分）2. 实验题（30分）3. 简答题（30分）考试结束，请同学们按照监考老师的要求，有序交卷。

2019-2020学年下学期期末复习备考之专题复习高一历史(课件)：基本版07

（三）苏联经济体制改革的启示（1）社会主义制度需要在发展中自我完善，社会主义国家的经济体制改革势在必行；（2）必须依据本国国情，从实际出发、实事求是，走建设由中国特色的社会主义道路；（3）应坚持社会主义发展方向，抵制西方资本主义国家的和平演变，处理好改革、发展和稳定的关系；（4）社会主义建设必须坚持以经济建设为中心，以发展社会生产力、不断改善人民生活水平为根本宗旨；（5）必须不断加强社会主义民主法治建设，防止个人崇拜。
【特别提醒】
2、斯大林时代的经济政策与新经济政策相比有哪些重大调整？ ①向社会主义过渡方式上：从间接向社会主义过渡的路线到直接过渡； ②所有制结构上：从多种所有制并存到单一的公有制； ③经济管理体制上：从计划和市场调节并存到高度集中的计划经济体制。 ④分配制度上：从按劳分配到绝对平均主义。
知识点3：苏联社会主义改革与挫折 1.赫鲁晓夫改革 (1)背景①20世纪50年代，斯大林模式的弊端日益显现。
②1953年斯大林逝世，为苏联体制的改革提供了契机。
(3)评价 ①积极：赫鲁晓夫的改革冲击了“神圣不可侵犯”的斯大林模式，打开了苏联社会主义改革的闸门，具有探索性和开创性。
②消极：但是，由于缺乏正确的理论指导、总体上的规划和科学的试验，改革虽然取得了一些成果，却未能从根本上打破斯大林模式的框架。（4）失败原因 ①.改革没有结合国情 ②改革缺乏事实求是的精神，思想上急于求成 ③改革缺乏正确的指导思想，理论上准备不足 ④改革没有触动高度集中的体制。
【典例分析】
列宁在《“论粮食税”一书纲要》中说：“余粮收集制不是‘理想’，而是一种痛苦的和可悲的需要。相反的看法
是危险的错误。”这表明列宁( ) A．放弃了“共产主义理想” B．全面否定了余粮收集制 C．认识到余粮收集制弊端 D．停止对社会主义的探索【答案】C

河北高一高中历史月考试卷带答案解析

河北高一高中历史月考试卷班级:___________ 姓名：___________ 分数：___________一、选择题1.“周之失，在于制；秦之失，在于政，不在制。

”文中所说的周制是指A．分封制B．郡县制C．宗法制D．世袭制2.西周时大行封邦建国，其分封的主体是A．功臣B．归顺殷商旧族C．姬姓亲族D．夏商王后裔3.从地方行政组织来看，吕思勉先生把古代中国划分为“部落时代”、“封建时代”、“郡县时代”这三个先后相继的时代。

其中与“封建时代”相对应的朝代是A．西周B．秦朝C．西汉D．宋代4.西周贵族集团的等级序列正确的排列是A．周王—卿大夫一诸侯一士B．周王—大夫一士一诸侯C．周王—卿—诸侯—士D．周王一诸侯一卿大夫一士5.关于王位世袭制的表述错误的是A．它取代禅让制是历史发展的必然B．它是我国早期国家政治制度之一C．王位在一家一姓中传承D．王位只能父子相传6.西周的宗法制A．与分封制互为表里B．其最大特点是长子继承制C．由原始社会父系家长制间接演变而来D．容易导致诸侯割据纷争7.孔子说：“殷因于夏礼，所损益，可知也；周因于殷礼，所损益，可知也。

”孔子这句话中的“礼”的主要含义是A．礼仪B．政权C．风俗D．政治制度8.《说文解字》解释说：“宗，尊祖庙也。

”也就是说，宗法的“宗’’的本义是宗庙。

这说明宗法制的纽带是A．财产B．地域C．信仰D．血缘9.据说周公东征以后，“封建亲戚，以蕃屏周”。

其中的“封建”指的是A．分封诸侯国B．进行封建改革C．实行宗法制D．任人唯亲10.夏、商、周时期的重要制度不包括A．世袭制B．宗法制C．分封制D．郡县制11.废除分封，建立郡县制以后，秦朝A．郡县长官直接由皇帝任免B．贵族不得担任地方行政长官C．家族势力在地方绝迹D．县以下不设立基层组织12.以下关于嬴政规定“皇帝”称号的说法，不正确的是A．具有神化皇权的意图B．表明嬴政要效法古代有道明君C．是中央集权发展的必然结果D．体现了专制主义倾向13.分封制相比，秦朝中央集权制度的主要特点是A．皇位世代相传，以稳固“家天下”的基础B．推行郡县制，加强中央对地方的控制C．皇帝掌握从中央到地方的人事大权D．为提高威权而神化皇权14.在西周的封国鲁国的宗法体系中，处于大宗地位的是：A．周王B．鲁国国君C．卿大夫D．士15.秦朝时期，郡的监御使主要负责A．收取赋税B．征发兵役C．管理军事D．监察郡守16.秦朝的郡县制有利于巩固国家统一和中央集权的制度，其依据主要在于A．郡县长官必须对上一级负责B．郡县是地方行政管理机构C．郡县官吏与皇帝是臣与君的关系D．郡县完全由中央和皇帝控制，官吏不能世袭17.秦始皇专制主义中央集权制度的核心是A．皇权至高无上B．中央设三公九卿C．地方推行郡县制度D．颁布秦律，严刑酷法18.秦始皇在中央设立丞相、御史大夫、太尉等三公，其直接目的是A．确立皇权至高无上B．削弱地方势力C．建立中央集权制度D．防止大臣专权19.秦始皇在全国范围内确立了专制主义中央集权的政治制度。

2024届河北省石家庄市普通高中学校毕业年级教学质量检测(二)历史试卷及答案

石家庄市2024年普通高中学校毕业年级教学质量检测（二）历史（时间75分钟，满分100分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再涂选其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、选择题：本题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.考古人员在长江中游地区发现了距今约4800年前的文化遗址，遗址内功能分区明显，包括生产区、生活区、墓葬区、祭祀区等，具备配套的水利系统，功能较为完备。

这一遗址可能是A.石家河城遗址B.二里头遗址C.良渚古城遗址D.牛河梁遗址2.《左传》记载“天子建德,因生以赐姓,胙之土而命之氏”，姓一般加女性称谓中，氏则加男性称谓中。

这表明西周时期A.姓为平民所用B.氏是贵族专享C.血缘亲疏决定男尊女卑D.社会贫富分化继续发展3.《宋书》载：“北土重同姓，谓之骨肉，有远来相投者，莫不竭力营赡”。

与此同时，南方同姓之间甚至出现了“危亡不相知，饥寒不相恤”的现象。

《日知录》也提到，东晋以后“北人重同姓，多通谱系，南人则有比邻而各自为族者”。

南北方这一差异主要是基于A.门阀制度的影响B.商品经济的发展水平C.主流思想的异变D.民族关系的复杂程度4.《东京梦华录》追溯了作者过往的生活境况：“……出京南来，避地江左。

情绪牢落，渐入桑榆。

暗想当年，节物风流，人情和美，但成惆怅！”材料中的“京”和“当年”应该是A.洛阳东汉B.南京东晋C.开封北宋D.杭州南宋5.乾隆年间《勒石永禁虎丘染坊碑记》载：虎门山塘河一带的染漂作坊，“渐致纠壅河浜，流害匪浅。

”“缘虎丘田虽低瘠幸赖河水清肥”，由此苏州府“出示严禁，并饬将置备染作器物，迁移他处开张”。

由此可见清朝A.加强基层教化B.重视社会治理C.商业市镇繁荣D.生活环境优化6.清代漕运以跨区域调度粮食供应京师,用于发放军队、官员的俸饷之米。

河北省衡水市冀州滏运中学高一数学理下学期期末试卷含解析

河北省衡水市冀州滏运中学高一数学理下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有是一个符合题目要求的1. 集合是指（）.第一象限内的所有点；.第三象限内的所有点；.第一象限和第三象限内的所有点；.不在第二象限、第四象限内的所有点.参考答案：由题意可知同号，或者是至少有一个为0，则答案选.2. 下列函数中,在上为减函数的是（）A. B. C. D.参考答案：D略3. 函数的图象大致是（）A B CD参考答案：D4. 若，，则与的关系是（）A． B． C． D．参考答案：A解析：，5. 下列函数中，既是偶函数又在(0,+∞)上是单调递减的是（）A. B. C. D.参考答案：C【分析】先判断各函数奇偶性，再找单调性符合题意的即可。

【详解】首先可以判断选项D，不是偶函数，排除；然后，由图像可知，在上不单调，在上单调递增，只有选项C：符合，故选C。

【点睛】本题主要考查函数的性质，奇偶性和单调性。

6. 已知，则下列不等式一定成立的是（）A．sin（α+β）＜sinα+sinβB．sin（α+β）＞sinα+sinβC．cos（α+β）＜sinα+sinβD．cos（α+β）＞cosα+cosβ参考答案：A【考点】GI：三角函数的化简求值．【分析】根据两角和的正弦、余弦公式即可得到结论．【解答】解：∵已知，sin（α+β）=sinαcosβ+cosαsinβ，∴0＜cosβ＜1，0＜cosα＜1，∴sin（α+β）＜sinα+sinβ成立，故A正确．由于sin（α+β）=sinαcosβ+cosαsinβ，0＜cosβ＜1，0＜cosα＜1，不能推出它大于sinα+sinβ，故B不正确．由于cos（α+β）=cosαcosβ﹣sinαsinβ，0＜cosβ＜1，0＜cosα＜1，不能推出它小于sinα+sinβ，故C错误．由于cos（α+β）=cosαcosβ﹣sinαsinβ，0＜cosβ＜1，0＜cosα＜1，不能推出它大于sinα+sinβ，故D错误．故选：A．7. 设数列{a n}的前n项和S n＝n2，则a8的值为（）A．15B．16C．49D．64参考答案：A略8. 若a，b，c都大于0，则直线ax+by+c=0的图象大致是图中的（）A．B．C．D．参考答案：D【考点】直线的一般式方程．【分析】直线ax+by+c=0化为：y=﹣x﹣．可得a，b，c都大于0，可得﹣＜0，﹣＜0．即可得出．【解答】解：直线ax+by+c=0化为：y=﹣x﹣．∵a，b，c都大于0，∴﹣＜0，﹣＜0．∴直线ax+by+c=0的图象大致是图中的D．故选：D．9. 已知函数f（x）=，则f（f（5））的值为（）A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4参考答案：D【考点】对数的运算性质；函数的值．【专题】函数的性质及应用．【分析】利用分段函数直接代入求值即可．【解答】解：∵f（5）=log24=2，∴f（f（5））=f（2）=22=4．故选：D．【点评】本题主要考查分段函数的求值问题，注意分段函数中变量的取值范围．10. 已知函数则的图象为（）参考答案：C略二、填空题:本大题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分11. 如果满足∠A=60°，BC=6，AB=k的锐角△ABC有且只有一个，那么实数k的取值范围是．参考答案：【考点】HX：解三角形．【分析】依题意，可得C大于30°且小于90°，结合正弦定理解之即可．【解答】解：由题意，30°＜C＜90°，∴＜sinC＜1由正弦定理可得=，∴k=4sinC∴k∈，故答案为．12. 已知两条不同直线、，两个不同平面、，给出下列命题：①若垂直于内的两条相交直线，则⊥；②若∥，则平行于内的所有直线；③若，且⊥，则⊥；④若，，则⊥；⑤若，且∥，则∥；其中正确命题的序号是．（把你认为正确命题的序号都填上）参考答案：④略13. 给出下列四个命题：①某班级一共有52名学生，现将该班学生随机编号，用系统抽样的方法抽取一个容量为4的样本，已知7号、33号、46号同学在样本中，那么样本中另一位同学的编号为23；②一组有六个数的数据是1,2,3,3,4,5的平均数、众数、中位数都相同；③根据具有线性相关关系的两个变量的统计数据所得的回归直线方程为中，则；其中正确的命题有（请填上所有正确命题的序号）参考答案：②③14. 若当时，不等式恒成立，则实数的取值范围是。

河北省衡水董子高级中学等校2024届高三2月入校考试历史试题

河北省衡水董子高级中学等校2024届高三2月入校考试历史试题1. 仰韶文化濮阳西水坡遗存、龙山文化的陶寺遗址以及西周何尊铭文中都发现了“天下之中”的理念，只是“中”由原来的南北居中，发展为东西南北的四方之“中”，从而使“居中而治”不再限于同族内部。

这反映了（）A．政治制度的创新发展B．中华文明的扩展C．早期国家的雏形显现D．“家天下”的形成2. 有学者指出：“在《商君书》《韩非子》中，‘尊君权’是一个基础性理论观点，但在他们生活的时代，无论是君主还是法家，都不大可能追求‘既无法律又无规章，由单独一个人按照一己的意志与反复无常的性情领导一切’的专制政体。

”该学者意在强调，战国时期（）A．君主尚未高度集权B．诸子百家致力于争霸战争C．国家认同观念形成D．法家思想兼采了百家之长3. 1972年，考古学家在甘肃嘉峪关市东北戈壁滩境内的古墓中相继发现了600多幅精美的魏晋壁画。

下图《耙地图》位于古墓前室西壁。

画面中一男子披发，蹲于耙上，双手牵着缰绳，驾一牛在耙地，周围绘有三棵粗壮的树。

这反映出魏晋时期（）A．中外交融不断加强B．河西地区农耕化的发展C．少数民族全面汉化D．牛耕技术在各地的普及4. 辽初，契丹人曾自认为“番”，但辽兴宗以后宣称契丹为轩辕之后，承后晋统绪和德运，自称“中国”，标榜中华正统；金朝自熙宗以后也自认“中华”，多次讨论德运问题，斥南宋等政权为“夷狄”。

这体现出（）A．中原王朝与北方各族关系融洽B．边疆与内地呈现一体化趋势C．北方少数民族的华夏认同增强D．北方各民族间差异逐渐缩小5. 明人王丹丘在《建业风俗记》中记载：“正德中，士大夫有号者十有四五，虽有号，然多呼字。

嘉靖年来，束发时即有号。

末年，奴仆、舆隶、俳优，无不有之。

”这反映出明朝后期（）A．注重伦理教化B．等级秩序受到冲击C．倡导个性自由D．社会主流思想异化6. 某英国学者指出：直到1841年7月底，道光帝及其大臣也只将此（鸦片战争）称之为“边衅”，即使英国人用当时最新的军事技术打败了中国军队，英国人在清政府的文件中仍然被看作是“丑类”“匪类”。

2023-2024学年河北省石家庄市高一下学期期末考试历史试题

2023-2024学年河北省石家庄市高一下学期期末考试历史试题1. 如图是收藏于布鲁塞尔皇家艺术与历史博物馆的浮雕《吉尔伽美什和“天牛”作战》，吉尔伽美什最终获胜——这象征着人对于战胜自然力的一种信心。

该浮雕发现地诞生的其他文化成就是（）A．发明了10进制B．最早使用战车作战C．创制了象形文字D．戏剧艺术高度发达2. 公元前6世纪，波斯帝国建立后，将波斯人的阿拉姆语定为官方语言，各民族虽可保留自己的语言，但生意往来、公文交换必须使用阿拉姆语及文字。

这一措施（）A．着眼于保障帝国的商业流通B．阻碍了帝国境内的商业流通C．有利于提高帝国的行政效率D．推动了不同地域之间的交流3. 10世纪的骑士是一群傲慢、目不识丁、言谈举止粗鲁的武士，他们以战争为职业，是“战争与和平的决定者”。

10世纪末，在以法国为主的西欧大陆，教会发起了限制骑士暴力行为的“上帝的和平”运动，并得到一些世俗封建主支持。

这可用来说明当时西欧（）A．封建王权软弱B．教会垄断世俗权力C．民族国家兴起D．城市商品经济发展4. 西班牙人在到达美洲时，曾感慨“我们看到城市和村庄建在水上，看到很多大的城镇建在陆地上，看到通往特诺奇蒂特兰的笔直而平坦的堤道，我们感到震惊……因为巨大的塔楼、庙宇和建筑物都是从水上升起的，而且都是用石头建造的”。

该文明（）A．培育了甜高粱、西瓜等农作物B．对外大量出口黄金、象牙和奴隶C．城内有用于祭祀的金字塔庙宇D．发明“浮动园地”以扩大耕地面积5. 一位学者绘制了16世纪的世界贸易示意图，如下图所示，“⑦”箭头表示的贸易路线上出现的大宗物品可能是（）A．白银、丝绸B．瓷器、棉布C．香料、玉米D．小麦、枪支6. 如表为某历史研究小组在研究英国资产阶级革命时所收集的部分史料内容。

据此可以推断他们探究的主题是：英国（）C．民主平等的时代诉求D．“王在法下”的历史传统7. 如图显示的是四个国家全球工业比重变化情况。

乙国在这一时期发明了（）A．电话B．火车C．汽船D．炸药8. 18世纪，法国巴黎流行一种特殊的社交形式——沙龙，贵族与富有市民、艺术家与学者聚集在一起，形成一种远离宫廷和教会的新公共空间。

河北衡水中学2023-2024学年高一下学期第二次综合素养评级英语试题

河北衡水中学2023-2024学年高一下学期第二次综合素养评级英语试题一、阅读理解Sunflower season is right around the corner. Here are several most beautiful golden fields near London.Garsons FarmAt Garsons Farm you will find three separate sunflower fields across its 155 acres. You’ll need to purchase a crop farm pass (£4 for adults, £1 for kids) in advance and pay 99 pence per flower. This farm is also home to over 75 varieties of fruits, vegetables and plants that can be picked during your visit, but be sure to check crop availability on its website beforehand.Hitchin Lavender FarmThis spot is most famous for its purple crops of lavender (熏衣草), but it is also home to dozens of sunflowers! You will be charged £6 for your entry to the farm, and 50 pence per stem. And for £50 you can hire a personal photographer and have your very own photos with the plants.Cotswold Farm ParkCotswold Farm Park was founded to help protect rare species of farm animals in 1971. You will not only find flowering sunflowers but plenty of furry four-legged friends, too. The park also contains several photo stations throughout the field. Tickets must be booked in advance and cost £7 per adult.Broomfield FarmThis fruit farm is open every Saturday and Sunday for those who want to see sunflowers on their weekends! It produces all kinds of fruits, vegetables and flowers that you can purchase in their farm shop or pick yourself during your visit. You are allowed to bring a picnic with you and the £4 entry is taken off your “pay and weigh” bill at the end.1．What’s the entry fee for a couple and two kids if they go to Garsons Farm?A．£6.B．£7.C．£8.D．£10.2．Where can you see rare farm animals?A．At Garsons Farm.B．At Bromfield Farm.C．At Cotswold Farm Park.D．At Hitchin Lavender Farm.3．Who is the text mainly intended for?A．Sunflower lovers.B．Holiday campers.C．Field researchers.D．Nature photographers.13-year-old Ava Dorsey is the founder of Ava’s Pet Palace, a business that sells organic dog and cat treats.“I actually had the idea when I was six with a picture I drew of a palace,”she says.It was a detailed design for dogs and cats and she had serious plans to build it one day.Unlike most dog treats that you find in stores, dog treats sold by Ava’s Pet Palace are 100% organic, and are non-GMO(非转基因). Ava has set a goal for herself with these dog treats, and she wants every treat to be healthy, tasty, and top-quality. Seriously, some of her treats sound delicious enough for people to eat! “All of my bags now have the USDA organic stamp, and we're very excited to have gotten it because it's something I've wanted for a long time,”she says.“A lot of stores like to see organic products because customers like it, so that was really exciting.”Ava says the biggest challenge of being a kid in business is when people don't take her seriously, but undoubtedly Ava has proved that her doubters are wrong! When asked how she defines(定义) success, Ava says,“When you hit a bump in the road, you shouldn't give up and you keep trying.”She learned that from her mom, who sounds like a smart lady! Some more things Ava has learned from her years in business: Hard work eventually pays off and there is nothing wrong with asking for help.As far as the future of the pet treats industry goes, Ava is optimistic——but she’d also like to be an inspiration for change.“There’s not much diversity(多样性) right now, so that’s something I would love to see in the future,”says Ava.“I would also love to see more kids in this industry.There aren't many other teenagers around, and I hope that I can be an inspiration to others who hope to lead the pet industry.”4．What can we learn about Ava’s Pet Palace from the first two paragraphs?A．It is a palace for pets.B．It is very popular among kids.C．It sells organic pet food.D．It designs stamps for customers.5．What does“hit a bump in the road”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Drive on a stone road.B．Escape a setback in business.C．Face a challenging situation.D．Encounter an unexpected opportunity. 6．What can be inferred about Ava’s future goals?A．She plans to enlarge her business in other industries.B．She wants to employ more teenagers in her company.C．She intends to be a leading figure in the pet industry.D．She hopes to break new ground in the pet treats industry.7．Which of the following best describes Ava?A．Patient and hard-working.B．Determined and creative.C．Confident and humorous.D．Friendly and outgoing.A new song by the famous band The Beatles has been released despite half of the band members no longer being alive, thanks to the help of AI.The Beatles was a legendary British rock band that remained second to Elvis Presley from the 1960s. It was made up of four musicians—John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr. The new song, titled Now and Then, is unique because it combined the singing of McCartney and Starr with Lennon, who passed away in 1980, and the guitar skills of Harrison, who passed away in 2001.The song was initially written and partly recorded by Lennon in the late 1970s and further developed by band mates years later but as technology then was limited, they didn’t release it due to the sound quality not being satisfying.Peter Jackson, most famous for directing The Lord of the Rings, directed the music video for Norw and Then and it can be watched now online. It was thanks to new Al audio restoration (音频修复) technology that Peter Jackson allowed the four band members to “come together” one last time.Since its release last week, the song has been well received in the UK. Beatles fans around the world favoured this historic musical event.”Now and Then is an absolutely heart-warming piece of work, “posted Liam Gallagher, whose hits were affected by The Beatles’ musical style.Of course, there are those who are not totally interested in the song. ”Now and Then is not terrible. But honestly, it’s kind of boring, “Geoff Edgers wrote in The Washington Post.The Times in the UK said the song showed Al being used to its best advantage.8．Why was the song “Now and Then” not released at first?A．The song was not completed.B．The sound quality was not good enough.C．The band members did not like the song.D．The song was let out before its officialrelease.9．How did Peter Jackson contribute to the song?A．He wrote and recorded the song.B．He invented new audio restoration technology.C．He restored the band members’ sound using AI.D．He played the guitar on the recording.10．What is the attitude of The Times towards the release of Now and Then?A．Supportive.B．Curious.C．Unfavourable.D．Unclear. 11．What is the best title of the text?A．The Beatles Remains Second to Elvis PresleyB．Beatles Fans Welcome the New Song of The BeatlesC．Peter Jnckson Directed the Music Video for The BeatlesD．The Beatles Released a New Song with the Help of AlPsychologists tell us our self-image defines(限定) what we believe we can and cannot do. Each of us over the years has built up belief about ourselves: Unconsciously, our pictures of who we are have been formed by past experiences. As self-image plays a great role in our growth, gaining a proper understanding of it and even making changes to it can hold significant meaning for our development.Changing our self-image is possible: Some psychologists suggest we begin to change our self-image by mentally picturing ourselves performing well at some tasks. Since we presently react to things based on our present images, it's suggested that we replace those with better ones. In many experiments, people were asked to sit quietly for a few minutes each day and imagine themselves doing well. For example, subjects would sit and imagine themselves throwing darts(飞镖) at a bull's-eye on a target Over a period of weeks, their dart game improved.The point of changing self-image is not to develop an image of ourselves that is not real.The aim is to find the real self and to bring our mental images of ourselves in line with our true potential. However, it is generally accepted among psychologists that most of us fail to do justice to ourselves. We're usually better than we think we are.Another important part of changing self-image is to not think about past mistakes. Don't let failures do harm. It is all right to make mistakes. But when they have taught us what we did wrong, we should forget them and not dwell on(纠结于)them. Sometimes we keep remembering our failures or mistakes and feel guilty or embarrassed about them, and then we develop a fear.It is important to have realistic expectations of ourselves. Some of our dissatisfaction might come from expecting too much of ourselves. If our goal is to reach perfection, we are doomed(注定要失败的)from the start.12．Which situation agrees with the idea of the passage?A．To win a speech contest, Tina pictures herself speaking more confidently.B．To get along with her classmates, Doris always humbles(使卑微)herself.C．To become a star player, Alex repeatedly plays back his mistakes in his mind.D．To be better than his classmates, Joe sets an unrealistic goal.13．What is the purpose of paragraph 3?A．To clarify(澄清)the key to changing self-image.B．To confirm(确认)the effect of changing self-imageC．To propose a new view on changing self-image.D．To stress the importance of changing self-image.14．According to the author, how should we regard our past mistakes?A．They are tools for overcoming fear.B．They are warnings for future.C．They are part of our growth.D．They are barriers to our development. 15．What is the main idea that the author conveys in the passage?A．Overcoming fear through past mistakes.B．Building a realistic self-image through proper imagination.C．The importance of humility(谦卑)in personal growth.D．Setting realistic goals for personal development.Straw Weaving(草编)What’s the first thing that pops into your mind when you think of wheat straw? 16 However, Wu Cui, an intangible cultural inheritor, can turn the straw left over from harvested wheat into beautiful and eye-catching functional artworks.The Origin of Straw Weaving17 .The Book of Rites, one of the classical works of Confucianism, also records that there were already mats made of cattail grass and professional straw-weaving craftsmen during the Zhou Dynasty.The Process of Straw WeavingStraw weaving is a method of manufacturing daily items or artworks. Wu explains the process of straw weaving: selection of materials is the first step of a complicated, time-consuming and labor-intensive process that can take weeks, or even months, to complete. You need to sketch (素描)the piece on paper, which requires drawing skills. 18 .Even by finishing that process, it does not mean that you will always create a good piece of work. and the hardest part is to make it lifelike19In the past, woven straw items could be found almost in every household in the countryside. But due to the impact of industrialization. manufactured goods have replaced such products, which yield low profits, and there are only about 100 individuals engaging in the work across the country. “The world has changed, and craftsmen need to pursue the beauty and artistry of straw culture to help the craft survive and thrive,” Wu says.The Future of Straw WeavingFrom her perspective, straw weaving should respond to people’s needs and preferences, while still drawing inspiration from traditional culture. “ 20 ,” she says. When asked about her plans, Wu says she wants to dig deeper into local traditional culture and create cultural creative products by developing the straw-weaving technique.A．The Current Situation of Straw WeavingB．Next comes weaving, shaping and preserving of the workC．Craftspeople should try their best efforts to promote productsD．It was listed as a national intangible cultural heritage in 2008E．Most people would probably just see it as a pile of waste in a farmer’s fieldF．The earliest straw-weaving products were discovered at Hemudu Cultural Ruins G．Craftspeople should be responsive and creative and constantly update their products二、完形填空I was shocked when my socially awkward sister, who had suffered from Asperger Syndrome (阿斯伯格综合症), decided to sing in front of the school. I knew she would 21 me in some way, so I protested. However, my parents insisted that she 22 and I would have to be part of the audience. I silently hoped that something would happen to 23 me from watching her losing face.As I waited in the hall, sweat 24 my forehead. I comforted myself that no one knew she was my sister and tried to persuade myself that it would be 25 . The lights darkened and the 26 opened to reveal (使露面) my sister standing alone on stage. She seemed 27 , taking a minute to stammer (结结巴巴地说) her name and class. 28 began to be heard in the audience.I shifted nervously in my seat, afraid what was about to happen. But as my sister started to sing, I was 29 . Her voice flowed effortlessly and melodiously, filling the hall with its 30 .I watched in wonder, realizing I had never known she could sing so 31 . I listened carefully to the lyric (歌词) she had written herself, feeling ashamed for doubting her 32 . My heart gave way as I heard the heartfelt words.In that moment, guilt and shame flooded my heart. 33 my unwillingness to support her, she had never taken anything that I had done to her to heart. It was then that I determined to love her 34 . It was as if a veil (面纱) had been 35 from my eyes, and my heart was full.21．A．embarrass B．impress C．surprise D．support 22．A．hide B．quit C．escape D．perform 23．A．protect B．save C．recover D．rescue 24．A．picked up B．climbed upon C．took off D．went up 25．A．impressive B．exciting C．fine D．challenging 26．A．characters B．lectures C．curtains D．signals 27．A．confident B．nervous C．prepared D．relaxed28．A．Cries B．Crashes C．Whispers D．Screams 29．A．entertained B．disappointed C．relieved D．shocked 30．A．power B．weakness C．silence D．darkness 31．A．softly B．loudly C．quietly D．beautifully 32．A．abilities B．failures C．talents D．weaknesses 33．A．Without B．Despite C．Beyond D．Within 34．A．extremely B．equally C．unconditionally D．finally 35．A．lifted B．dropped C．covered D．hidden三、语法填空语法填空High school students and those who help in their education in Cyprus have developed 36 unusual robot. The robot uses ChatGPT artificial intelligence, or AI, technology. ChatGPT is a system 37 (develop) by U. S, company Open AI and backed by the technology company Microsoft. The aim of the students is to use the technology 38 (improve) learning experiences in the classroom.ChatGPT is an AI system that can have a 39 （discuss）and create written work. It can create material 40 is based on what it has learned from a large database of digital books, online writings, and other media. The robot is 41 (name) AInstein. It is the size of a small adult. The robot even has a screen for a face that appears to show human expressions.Tutor Elpidoforos Anastasiou is the project's leader. He said that students can ask it questions, it can answer back, and the robot can even help teachers teach more 42 (effective).Anastasiou showed how AI can be fitted to the classroom with AInstein 43 (show) how part of Albert Einstein's theory of time relativity can 44 (explain) by talking about a moving object called a pendulum（钟摆）.Their experience with AInstein shows that we should not fear AI, but rather approach it 45 care and responsible consideration. "四、单词拼写46．Even a small success can give you a sense of (成就). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）47．With the time to go hiking a (临近), we feel very excited. (根据中英文提示填空) 48．He (问候) me in the street with a friendly wave of the hand. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)49．Come and see her in (表演) with the new band. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50．Your trip to Alaska sounds really (令人着迷). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)五、完成句子51．In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales (并入) the Kingdom of England. (根据汉语提示完成句子)52．The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a（视觉盛宴）. (根据汉语提示完成句子)53．If you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are (非常有可能) to experience local culture and customers first-hand. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 54．Imagine (有机会) to sing together with hundreds of other people while your are at home alone. (根据汉语提示完成句子)55．It has (证明是) a positive influence on the lives of many people. (根据汉语提示完成句子)六、书信写作56．你刚观看了你校与英国一所友好学校联合在线上举办的音乐会。

2022至2023年年高一下学期第二次月考历史免费试卷(河北省安平中学)

选择题唐朝法律曾详细规定了对宰杀耕牛的处罚，杀自家牛者也要判一年徒刑.宋代对杀牛者的处罚更为严厉，杀牛者要处徒刑两年，甚至要刺配充军.上述规定反映了A. 封建王朝法律的严酷性B. 奖励耕战政策的必要性C. 小农经济地位的重要性D. 自给自足经济的脆弱性【答案】C【解析】唐宋对宰杀耕牛的处罚，是出于保障农业生产的考虑，法律严酷性只是表面现象，故A错误；材料与奖励作战无关，故B错误；上述规定保障农业生产需要的畜力，体现出小农经济地位的重要性，故C正确；材料没有反映出小农经济在天灾人祸面前的脆弱性，故D错误。

选择题董仲舒指出，当时社会“富者田连阡陌，贫者无立锥之地。

”此后，历代王朝大多采取措施抑制土地兼并，但无法根本解决这一社会痼疾。

其原因是A. 实行重农抑商政策的力度不够B. 土地私有，并允许买卖的制度C. 地主、高利贷者对农民的盘剥D. 封建王朝统治严酷、横征暴敛【答案】B【解析】试题本题考查对土地兼并根源的认识。

封建社会地主土地私有制，允许土地自由买卖，导致了“富者田连阡陌，贫者无立锥之地”的局面，B项符合题意。

A项不符合史实；C项反映了地主阶级残酷的剥削；D项反映了封建王朝的压迫、剥削，但不是造成土地兼并的根本原因，故排除。

选择题汉武帝接受桑弘羊的建议：“置大农部丞数十人，分部主郡国，各往往置均输、盐铁官。

”这一措施()A. 旨在推行郡国并行制B. 提高了百姓的生活水平C. 抑制了地方经济独立D. 不利于官营手工业发展【答案】C【解析】汉武帝时实行盐铁官营，将盐铁的经营权收归中央，对于地方经济的独立起到了抑制作用，故C项正确。

推行郡国并行制始于汉高祖时期，不是汉武帝时期，且题干材料主要涉及经济层面，与政治制度无关，故A项错误；实行盐铁官营与提高百姓的生活水平无关，故B项错误；盐铁官营本身是官营手工业的具体表现，故D项错误。

选择题宋以后散市制代替坊市制，工商业活动从特定区域的“市”区扩散到全城区，“市人”（指在比较固定的市场中谋生的人群）与一般城市居民混居，以“市”字命名的人群，也从“市区”活动者扩展到全城居民。

2024年中考(河北卷)历史真题评析课件

2024年中考历史河北省初中毕业生升学文化课考试一、试题总体分析（一）题型结构，稳定延续2024年的河北省中考历史试题题型与题量与去年中考保持一致，全卷共14小题，满分60分，考试形式为开卷考试。

题型如下：题型教量分值题号单项选择题24分每题2分91811-19每题3分2620-21材料题36分阅棱材料，完成下列要求3926阅棱材料，完成下列要求31227阅读材料，综合运用所学知识揉充问题31528各板块分值和比例与2023年相比，变化详见下表:河北省2023、2024两年中考分值分布变化情况中国近代史212101中国现代史.1516+1世界近代史513+8世界现代史1910-9（二）板块分值，紧依课标和中考试题特点2024年历史中考就题遵循历史课程标准，内家分布大玫为：中国近现代史约61.7%,世界近现代史约38.4%O同2023年相此基本没有变化r中国史增加〜分）o试题在难易程度、分值设置、考题类型等方面与2023年相比总体保持平稳。

既注重考查学生对初中历史主干知识的挛握,又注重考查了学生的阅捶能力、理解能力、概括归纳总结等能力和历史学科核心素系，彰显了历史学科“立德树人”的根本任务，同酎落卖了教育部的“欢减"举措，有效达成了初中历史学科的测量与评价日标。

（三）河北省近五年中考选择题分析表题号2020202120222023202411道光帝（晚晴政治）八国联军侵华与义和团运动南京条约（周年）戊戌变法（周年）辛亥革命与二民主义12洋务运动辛亥革命（周年）辛亥革命李大钊宣传马克思主义五四运动（周年）13中国共产党成，抗日战争五四运动土地革命抗日战争（东北人民抗日）14三大改造解放战争抗日战争一五计划（周年）20世纪70年代经济15文化大革命民族资本主义经济与三大改造社会主义建设对外开放社会主义建设时期的科技成就16英国君主立宪制殖民扩张中美关系（周年）新中国外交政策文艺复兴（三）河北省近五年中考选择题分析表题号2020202120222023202417明治维新明治维新法国大革命和资本主义制度初步确立新航路开辟（麦哲伦环球航行周年）工业革命18《联合国家宣英国工业革命英国工业革命俄国十月革命（周年）第一次世界大战（周年）俄国十月革命19马歇尔计划冷战中欧洲的联合印度民族大起义第一次世界大战第二次世界大战（周年）20冷战中的对峙苏联解体二战后的主要资本主义国家日本的崛起二战后世界的新发展一马歇尔计划21第三次科技革命纳米比亚独立（周年）中美关系联合国的作用大国关系和新时代大国战略调整2020-2024年河北省中考历史选择题命题规律分析年份2分题3分题中国世界中国世界20205402 20215411 20226302 20236302 20245402今规I律分^析：1.列强的侵略与不平等条约的签订：鸦片战争与《南京条约》、八国联军侵华战争与《辛丑条约》。

河北省衡水市河北冀州中学2024-2025学年高一上学期10月期中考试思想政治试题(含答案)

冀州中学2024-2025学年高一上学期10月期中考试思想政治考试时间75 分钟试卷满分100分第Ⅰ卷 (选择题共45分)一、选择题(本大题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。

)1.中国青铜文化的起源可以追溯到原始社会，而其发展最高峰则出现在商朝和西周时期，尤其是商代以鼎为代表的祭祀用容器的制作，最负盛名。

人类进入这个时期，迈入了文明时代的门槛，实现了历史的进步。

这印证了人类进入文明时代的根本原因是A.体力劳动和脑力劳动的分工B.文字的发明应用及城市的出现C.以土地私有为标志的私有制的确立D.金属工具在生产中得到了广泛使用2.《共产党宣言》用鲜明透彻的语言阐述了一个新的世界观，为认识人类社会发展提供了科学的方法论，为无产阶级革命提供了行动指南，不仅对西欧而且对世界，不仅对发表的那个时代而且对当今时代，都产生了巨大的影响。

《共产党宣言》产生如此大影响的原因在于它①为科学社会主义创立奠定了理论基石②促成了社会主义从空想到科学的飞跃③为人民指明了实现自由和解放的道路④抛弃了资产阶级时代最宝贵的成就A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④3.1953年12月28 日，中共中央批准中央宣传部制发《为动员一切力量把我国建设成为一个伟大的社会主义国家而斗争——关于党在过渡时期总路线的学习和宣传提纲》。

从新民主主义过渡到社会主义，其历史必然性表现在①国际形势不利于中国向社会主义阵营转变②个体农业经济已经适应国家建设的新形势③国营经济逐步成为社会经济中的主导因素④国家积累了限制和管理私营工商业的经验A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④4.1978年12月，党的十一届三中全会召开，我国拉开改革开放大幕，迈出追赶时代的历史步伐。

这次会议①重新确立了马克思主义的思想路线、政治路线和组织路线②标志中国改革重点从农村转向城市，企业改革迈出重要步伐③制定了家庭联产承包责任制，农村改革率先取得历史性突破④确定把党和国家工作的重点转移到社会主义现代化建设上来A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④5.我国推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展，建设自由贸易试验区和海南自由贸易港，缩减外资准入负面清单，举办中国国际进口博览会，从沿江沿海到内陆沿疆，从引进来到走出去⋯⋯这说明①我国的持续发展要立足于改革开放②我国坚定不移扩大高水平对外开放③改革是一场变革社会性质的革命④中华民族充满着变革和开放精神A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④6.经过长期努力特别是党的十八大以来取得的历史性成就，中国负责任大国的作用充分发挥，已成为世界经济增长的主要稳定器和动力源；中国积极参与和引领全球治理，中国倡议越来越多地转化为国际共识和全球行动，尤其是以共建“一带一路”为重点，同各方一道打造国际合作新平台，为世界共同发展增添了新动力。

河北省衡水市故城县河北郑口中学2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

河北省衡水市故城县河北郑口中学2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题一、阅读理解Food festivals are a common occurrence in the UK and take place in all sorts of places and at all sorts of times. Whatever your taste, there’s a food festival to match it — no matter how special.The MeatopiaThis three-day, London-based festival takes place at the end of August or in early September and is a meat lover’s paradise. In addition to a range of legally sourced meat products, from juicy burgers to tender steaks, attendees can listen to live music, watch butchery demonstrations, and attend informal meat-based workshops.The National Honey ShowIf you have a sweet tooth, then it could be that the National Honey Show, which started in 1923, is the place for you. This three-day event attracts many local participants who showcase their sweet golden honey, some of which is sold globally.The Orange Sauce FestivalHave you heard about a festival that is devoted only to orange sauce? Held in Cumbria, this sweet, fragrant festival has been running for many years. What attracts people most is a competition to find the best homemade orange sauce. There are thousands of participants from over 30 different countries across the globe, bringing their local snacks to share here.The Ginger (姜) and Spice FestivalIf you’d prefer something with a little more kick, then you could attend the Ginger and Spice Festival held in Market Drayton. Unlike other food festivals, it celebrates its town’s historic connection to Robert Clive,who returned from India with ginger. Because of this, people here specialize in baking gingerbread, and sell a range of traditional spices from mild ones to hot ones. 1．What do Meatopia and the National Honey Show have in common?A．They have a long history.B．They hold workshops.C．They originated from London.D．They last three days.2．If you are interested in foreign food, which festival do you like best?A．The Meatopia.B．The National Honey Show.C．The Orange Sauce Festival.D．The Ginger and Spice Festival.3．What is special about the Ginger and Spice Festival?A．It sells spicy food.B．The ginger used in the festival is from India.C．It has something to do with a historic figure.D．The food is cooked by Robert Clive.In a breathtaking incident in Berlin, a young man narrowly escaped a life-threatening situation where he became trapped beneath a bus.The 16-year-old found himself unable to move beneath a tyre (轮胎) of the bus when he fell down during an attempt to catch the departing vehicle at a local stop on a Monday afternoon. The quick response of the bus driver, who immediately stopped the vehicle, coupled with the assistance of roughly 40 people, including both passengers and bystanders, led to a remarkable achievement. Together, they managed to lift the right side of the bus sufficiently to free the young man.Frank Kurze, one of the courageous volunteers who participated in the rescue, recalled the messy scene, stating, “I saw the men trying to lift the bus, and it was clear to me that I also had to help lift the bus and try to pull the young man from underneath.”Nearby medical professionals from a healthcare center in the Spandau neighborhood of Berlin instantly arrived at the scene to provide vital first aid. Michelle Rueckborn, one of the nurses on duty, shared their response, saying, “We were at work when we heard screams, and our coworker looked out of the window and saw what had happened, and said ‘Grab the doctor’s kit and run.’”Sandra Grunwald, another nurse present at the scene, added, “He was responsive but understandably confused, unsure of what was unfolding around him.” Despite the frightening circumstances, the young man unbelievably survived with only minor injuries, thanks to the collective effort of around 40 individuals who came together to perform a heroic rescue.The Berlin police department praised the collective efforts of those involved in the rescueas “heroes” and expressed their gratitude on social media, stating, “Thank you, Spandau. Thank you, Berlin.”4．What was the accident at the bus stop?A．A teenager got caught under a bus.B．The tyre of a bus suddenly blew out.C．A young passenger fell from his seat.D．The driver found the bus uncontrollable. 5．What did Frank Kurze do at the rescue scene?A．He recorded the whole event.B．He stepped forward bravely.C．He turned to medical staff.D．He called more volunteers in.6．Which of the following best describes the medical professionals?A．Tolerant.B．Creative.C．Patient.D．Decisive.7．What message does the text try to convey?A．One good turn deserves another.B．Kindness brings mental rewards.C．Many hands make light work.D．Opportunity is for the prepared.Sending human travelers to Mars would require scientists and engineers to overcome a range of technological and safety obstacles. One of them is the serious risk posed by particle radiation (辐射) from the sun, distant stars and galaxies (星系).Answering two key questions would go a long way toward overcoming that difficulty: Would particle radiation pose too serious a threat to human life throughout a round trip to the red planet? And, could the very timing of a mission to Mars help shield astronauts and the spacecraft from the radiation?In a new article published in the journal Space Weather, an international team of space scientists, including researchers from UCLA, answers those two questions with a “no” and a “yes.” That is, humans should be able to safely travel to and from Mars, only if the spacecraft has enough protection and the round trip is shorter than approximately four years. And the timing of a human mission to Mars would indeed make a difference: The scientists determined that the best time for a flight to leave Earth would be when solar activity is at its peak (高峰期), because, during this period, the most dangerous and energetic particles from distant galaxies are deflected (偏转) by the enhanced solar activity.A trip of that length would be imaginable. The average flight to Mars takes about ninemonths, so depending on the timing of launch and available fuel, it is reasonable that a human mission could reach the planet and return to Earth in less than two years, according to Yuri Shprits, a UCLA research geophysicist and co–author of the paper.“This study shows that while space radiation impose (强加) strict limitations on how heavy the spacecraft can be and the time of launch, and it presents technological difficulties for human missions to Mars, such a mission is possible,” said Shprits, who also is head of space physics and space weather at GFZ Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam, Germany.8．What’s the function of the first paragraph?A．To list human’s achievements in space.B．To show a possible way to travel to Mars.C．To introduce scientists’ effort to travel to Mars.D．To present one of the difficulties of the trip to Mars.9．What does the underlined word “shield” in paragraph 2 mean?A．Escape.B．Approach.C．Protect.D．Separate. 10．What is the longest duration (持续时间) of a round trip to Mars for the safety of humans?A．About 9 months.B．Less than 4 years.C．Less than two years.D．One year.11．What can be the best title for the text?A．Will It Be Safe for Humans to Fly to Mars?B．Humans Will Travel to Mars in the Near Future.C．The Timing of a Trip to Mars Is Planned.D．Particle Radiation Changes for the Solar Activity.Unless you’ve been faithfully bringing reusable shopping bags to the store, you probably grab the plastic bags waiting for customers at the checkout. You’re not alone.About 100 billion plastic bags are used in the U. S. each year. Unfortunately, single-use plastic bags have serious consequences once our trip to the store is over. Less than 10% of plastic bags used in the U. S. are recycled, leaving the rest to end up in landfills (垃圾填埋场), and polluting soil, oceans and other natural habitats.To fight pollution and other environmental problems, major companies are taking steps toget rid of the use of plastic shopping bags. If you’re a frequent customer at Walmart, don’t be surprised if you notice the plastic bags disappearing over the next few months. Last summer, Walmart announced its goal to be a zero-waste company — meaning no more plastic bags.But Walmart has announced its Beyond the Bag, an initiative (倡议) working to explore reusable options and “reimagine” the plastic bag. Target and CVS are also on board as founding partners of Beyond the Bag, and so far, the three brands have invested $15 million to come up with a brand-new bag design.The initiative also started the Beyond the Bag challenge, giving innovators (创新者) a chance to share their ideas. The challenge ran throughout the summer of 2020, and nine winners from over 450 submissions were selected. From a station supplying reusable bag in-store to a new and improved paper bag, the winning designs cover a lot of bases. Each product now has the chance to be tested with funding from the initiative.While a final replacement for plastic bags at Walmart has yet to be decided, there’s a more sustainable future on the horizon. And if you want to start reducing your use of plastic bags right now, check out our list of reusable bags to bring on your next shopping trip.12．What does the author mean by saying “You’re not alone” in the first paragraph?A．Reusable shopping bags are becoming more popular.B．Customers need to wait for long at the checkout.C．Some people are waiting in the line with you.D．Many people use plastic bags when shopping.13．What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 2?A．Single-use plastic bags cause severe environmental problems.B．Supermarkets should stop providing single-use plastic bags.C．Single-use plastic bags should be more widely recycled.D．More landfills should be built to deal with plastic bags.14．Why does Walmart want to start Beyond the Bag?A．To attract more customers.B．To provide more plastic bags.C．To set a good example to Target and CVS.D．To make shopping moreenvironmentally friendly.15．What is the main idea of the text?A．People pay more attention to environmental protection.B．Walmart is getting rid of single-use plastic bags.C．Reusable paper bags are becoming more popular.D．Free plastic bags have become a thing of the past.Walking has been considered as one of the best possible exercises. For many people, daily walking offers many and long-term physical and mental benefits. 16 A Stanford University study found that participants were more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. 17 You’ve probably heard the phrase “exercise your innovation (创新)”. Our creative mindset is caused by physical movement, which is exactly why walking with your dog, a friend, or alone feeds creative thinking.But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat. Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities. You can walk through a tree-filled neighborhood. 18 Walking outside develops our ability to collect new ideas and take in new sights, sounds, smells, and flavors. Shinrin-yoku, a common form of relaxation in Japan, suggests that being in the forest and walking among the trees there can lower your stress levels 19 Research has shown that immersion (沉浸) in nature around your neighborhood or the disconnection from multimedia increased performance on a creative problem-solving task.So instead of setting a fitness goal, why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking outdoors? 20 For example, you can turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, and to notice the way people move and the way the sun reflects in a lake.Walk not just for exercise. Walk for wonder.A．Unfortunately, you often fail to do it.B．Engage more closely with your surroundings.C．The movement aspect of walking is obviously keyD．Without enough energy, you cannot wonder or create.E．But to receive the benefits, you do not have to live in a forest.F．This habit, however, isn’t just improving your health but an element of creativity.G．You can also wander around a park and observe people relaxing or birds singing.二、完形填空I was raised in a village where people lived in harmony with the natural environment. Throughout the year we would have numerous 21 where all the villagers would 22 and celebrate. The entire village was like one big 23 .However, within less than a decade my village was no longer the 24 village that I grew up in. Due to rapid modernization, everything 25 . The rich cultural traditions that once held the village together were 26 . Everyone in the village was 27 in making money and had no time to participate in traditional celebrations. No one favored such a change, but they somehow 28 it as they felt that it was unavoidable.It made me feel 29 that some ancient traditions had stopped to exist, so I 30 I had to do something. I 31 the Cultural Heritage Studies Program, which enabled me to gain a better understanding of cultural heritage 32 .Then I involved myself in protecting cultural heritage sites in my hometown. With the knowledge I 33 in the Cultural Heritage Studies Program, I was trying my best to help make the process of modernization run more 34 for cultural heritage sites with heritage protection as a focus point.I would say the success of the preservation work is the most 35 aspect of my job. 21．A．competitions B．festivals C．challenges D．choices 22．A．volunteer B．travel C．return D．gather 23．A．family B．city C．museum D．theater 24．A．real B．typical C．same D．independent 25．A．mattered B．changed C．improved D．continued 26．A．growing B．spreading C．disappearing D．working 27．A．fortunate B．successful C．expert D．occupied 28．A．accepted B．enjoyed C．believed D．noticed 29．A．confident B．excited C．guilty D．bad 30．A．pretended B．resolved C．forgot D．doubted31．A．looked back on B．got rid of C．signed up for D．put up with 32．A．donation B．education C．preservation D．observation 33．A．acquired B．applied C．offered D．showed 34．A．privately B．smoothly C．rapidly D．normally 35．A．interesting B．boring C．demanding D．rewarding三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

2024年河北省普通高中学业水平选择性考试历史试题

2024年河北省普通高中学业水平选择性考试历史试题一、选择题：本大题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一个是符合题目要求的。

1．据考古发掘，距今约9000年前的浙江上山、河南贾湖等遗址，出土了中国特有的制作榫卯结构工具石凿；距今8000至7000年前的浙江跨湖桥、河姆渡等遗址，发现了榫卯木结构建筑。

之后，此类建筑在中华大地广泛分布、成为中国最典型的建筑形式之一。

这主要体现了，中华文化具有（）A．本土性和包容性B．多样性和连续性C．本土性和连续性D．多样性和包容性2．西汉时，“刺史举民有茂材，移名丞相，丞相考召”。

其中，选博士等，取明经；选廷尉正等，取明律令；选三辅令等，取治剧（剧：繁重）。

据此可知，这一选官途径旨在（）A．依据政绩实效B．参考资品等次C．关注家世道德D．考察为官能力3．南北朝之前，“川”字只有“水道、河流”之意，而《魏书》所载牛川、宁川、敕勒川等地名中的“川”，则是鲜卑语“荒野、荒滩草原”的意思。

于是，“川”字有了新的义项，并沿用至今。

这主要反映出，民族交融（）A．缩小了南北差距B．奠定了统一基础C．丰富了文化内涵D．拓展了文学题材4．南宋，一些官员发现县令或官员私向收印地契，私向印卖，朝廷为了遏止，颁布《天圣令》规定人民到官府进行登记，向官府买卖，后登记录。

这有利于（）A．增加官田数量B．规范土地贸易C．促进土地制度改革D．遏制土地兼并5．元初，有诗描绘当时杭州情景：“衣冠不改只如先，关会（纸币）通行满市廛。

北客南人成买卖，京城依旧使铜钱。

”由此可知，这一时期的杭州（）A．大体保留了原有社会秩序B．娱乐活动仍旧丰富多彩C．长途贩运和大额贸易兴盛D．通货膨胀依然较为严重6．图1、图2为不同朝代的中国北方部分驻所分布示意图。

图1到图2的变化表明（）A．地方行政制度出现重大变革B．部分城市主要功能发生转变C．闭关自守政策执行更为严格D．改土归流实施范围有所扩展7．《朔方备乘》又称《北檄汇编》，成书于两次鸦片战争之间，后被焚毁，1881年重新修定，虽然主要以传统考据为主，但依然被认为是新学实务的相关著作，受到广大士人的关注。

河北省衡水市2018-2019学年高一下学期期末考试历史试题a卷有答案

试卷类型：A卷河北冀州中学下学期期末高一（文）历史试题时间：90分钟分数：100分注意事项：1．本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。

答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号写在试卷和答题卡上。

2．回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．回答第II卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷和草稿纸上无效。

4．考试结束，务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第I卷（选择题，共54分）1．据俞森《荒政丛书》记载：“一妇每日纺棉三两，月可得布二匹，数月之织，可供数口之用，其余或换钱易粟，或纳税完官。

”材料表明A．农本商末观念开始改变 B．小农经济并非是完全封闭的C．商品经济已经相当发达 D．家庭手工业是主要收入来源2儒家经典《礼记·月令》中记载：“是月也，土润溽暑，大雨时行，烧薙行水，利以杀草，如以热汤，可以粪田畴，可以美土疆。

”法家著作《韩非子·解老》也强调：“极力于田畴，必且粪灌。

”这些论述的应用A. 导致以农为本思想出现B. 促进了铁力牛耕的推广C. 有助于提高土地利用率D. 反映了儒法思想的融合3．唐朝中期始，经明清两代，封建赋税制度不断改革并最终定型，其特色有①“唯以资产为荣，不以丁身为本”②“量地计丁”纳银代役③滋生人丁，永不加赋④“摊丁入亩”征地丁银A.①②③④B.①②④C.①③D.②④4．宋代行业组织曾一度空前发展。

在“行”的数目上，曾发展到440行。

如北宋后期的开封城内，有640家资本雄厚的商户，分属160种行业。

这些行业组织的发展A．反映商业环境的变动B．改变了传统经济结构C．有利于抑制土地兼并D．扭转了北方经济颓势5.元代纸币的流通数量，中统元年（1260年）发钞73352锭，平均每人为62文；到至元二十四年（1287年）时，发行数额猛增至5098285锭，每人合13134文；再过20年左右，纸币流通数量又增长数十倍。

2022-2023学年河北省邯郸市魏县第五中学高一下学期期末复习练习(四)历史试题

2022-2023学年河北省邯郸市魏县第五中学高一下学期期末复习练习（四）历史试题1. “表面上看起来，它仿佛是古代文化的再现，但是它并不是简单地抄袭旧文化，而是一种创新，它有着伟大的划时代的发展。

”下列事件或作品最能体现文中精神的是A．《十日谈》B．“九十五条论纲”C．《哲学通信》D．《理想国》2. 四大文明古国之所以得名，最主要原因是（）A．最早创造了文字B．人类最早居住的地区C．最早进入奴隶社会D．对世界文化贡献最大3. 19世纪英国和德国的政体均被称为“君主立宪”。

两国君主立宪政体的相同点是A．均由本国成文宪法确定B．国王均直辖最高行政机关C．议会下院均由民选产生D．都属于工业资产阶级专政4. 学者李泽厚说：“遗憾的是，就在这期间，也就是在1908年，慈禧死掉了。

如果她早死十年就好了，戊戌变法可能成功；如果她晚死十年也好，就不会有辛亥革命了。

”在李泽厚看来A．戊戌变法的失败是必然的B．辛亥革命的爆发是偶然的C．戊戌变法失败根源于资产阶级力量弱小D．辛亥革命的爆发与慈禧的死有直接关系5. 有历史学家概叹:“为什么工业化浪潮不是在法国之后穿过地中海而席卷突尼斯.阿尔及利亚呢是地中海太宽阔了吗?果真如此,那么为什么又能横渡大西洋而在北美生根开花?这说明A．海洋国家比大陆国家更容易接受新事物B．地缘是一个国家发展进程中的重要因素C．发展资本主义是实现工业化的必由之路D．制度是一个国家发展进程中的重要因素6. 2010年4月，波兰总统卡钦斯基一行90余人因飞机失事而不幸遇难。

下列历史事件与波兰直接有关的是①马歇尔计划②东欧剧变③北约组织成立④华约组织建立A．①②B．②③C．②④D．③④7. 1500-1750年，贸易的重要性远远超过其他经济活动，世界各国政府都致力于从国际贸易中获得最大利益，国际冲突集中表现为商业原因引起的对海上霸权和海外殖民地的争夺，其主要原因是A．重商主义经济政策的普遍推行B．对外贸易决定近代民族国家繁荣C．资本主义生产方式建立的需要D．工业革命需要扩大海外商品市场8. 有学者提出：“从一定意义上说，赫鲁晓夫既是斯大林模式的掘墓人，但最终还是扮演了守墓人的角色。

河北省衡水市部分重点高中2023届高三下学期二模历史试卷(含答案)

河北省衡水市部分重点高中2023届高三下学期二模历史试卷学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题1、商鞅在《赏刑》一文中，提出可通过“壹赏、壹刑、壹教”的方式达到“无赏、无刑、无教”的理想状态;商鞅在其他文章中也认为只要做到“秉权而立，垂法而治”,最终就可达到“刑政不用而治”。

商鞅的这些思想( )A奠定了君主专制的理论基础 B.继承了道家无为而治的理想C.体现了法道儒理论的交融D.借鉴了儒家对于人性的认识2、九品中正制明确规定中正官必须是中央政府的在职高官,这实际上是将汉代的乡里清议纳人朝廷选举的轨道，同时，这些高官对乡里清议的私家操纵也因此取得合法地位。

由此可知，这规定( )A.反映了中央对地方豪强的妥协B导致选官权从中央旁落到地方C.实现了政府对民间舆论的控制D.有助于扩大士族的政治影响力3、宋神宗时期，司马光曾上奏称:“下等、单丁女户及品官、僧道,本来无役，今使之一概输钱，则是赋敛愈重……富室差得自宽，而贫者困穷日甚。

司马光此言意在( )A.建议宋神宗改革赋税制度B维护社会下层的根本利益C.谴责政府的横征暴敛行为D.批评王安石变法违背初衷4、下图所示为某学者对元代科技文献学科分布的统计(单位:篇)。

这可用于说明，元代( )A.重视实用技术传播B.科技进入总结阶段C.科技著作助力海外探险D.战争需要推动科学研究5、明代俗谚有云:“苏州样(样式、设计),广州匠(做工、技艺)。

”石湾(今属广东佛山)所产陶器行销海外诸国,时人称之曰;“石湾缸瓦,胜于天下。

”这表明当时( )A.国内已形成区域分工的市镇集群B民间海外贸易突破了海禁的限制C.民营手工业技术超过官营手工业D.岭南手工业发展市场化程度较高6、乾隆至道光年间，粤海关收取的关税多以银两方式上缴，这些银两被回炉重新熔炼成规格、成色统一的银锭后再上交国库。

随着咸丰九年(1859 年)10 月粤海新关的成立,大部分关税所收银两不再重铸，而是直接以银元的形式支付战争赔款和外债。

2022-2023学年河北省衡水市冀州中学分校高一地理上学期期末试题含解析

2022-2023学年河北省衡水市冀州中学分校高一地理上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题(每小题2分，共52分)1. 下列属于天体的是 ()A．北极星 B．河外星系C．天空中飘动的云 D．空中飞行的飞机参考答案：A2. 读”三圈环流局部图”。

回答11～12题。

11．关于图中字母所代表的气压带和风带名称的说法正确的是A．A为东南信风带 B．B为副热带高气压带C．C为西南风 D．D为副极地低气压带12．下列四幅图所描述的气候类型中，其形成与C有关的是A.①②B.②③C.③④D.①③参考答案：C A3. 读下图,完成下列各题。

16. 在不同的环境或状态下,图中箭头所代表的太阳辐射转换过程会发生一定的变化。

下列叙述正确的是A. 阴雨天气，a被大气削弱多B. 湖泊湿地，b能传递给大气的能量减少C. CO2增多，c 补偿地面热量减少D. 冰雪地面，a→b的转化率增加17. 下图中北方地区冬季易形成霜冻的是A. B.C. D.参考答案：16. A 17. B16. 图中a是太阳辐射，b是地面辐射，c是大气逆辐射。

阴雨天气，天空云量大,a被大气削弱多，A对。

下垫面是湖泊湿地，比热容大，b能传递给大气的能量多，B错。

CO2增多,大气逆辐射强，c 补偿地面热量增加，C错。

冰雪地面，对a的反射作用强，地面吸收太阳辐射少，a→b的转化率减少，D错。

17. 霜冻是在冬季晴朗的夜晚，因大气逆辐射弱，地面热量散失的快，空气中水汽凝华形成的霜。

图A、图D的夜晚是阴天，A、D错。

图C白天晴天，气温高，水汽少，出现霜冻的可能小，C错。

北方地区冬季易形成霜冻的是图B，白天阴天，地面气温较低，空气中水汽较多。

夜晚晴天，地面辐射散失热量多，降温快，易形成霜冻，B对。

点睛：图中a是太阳辐射，b是地面辐射，c是大气逆辐射。

云层对太阳辐射的削弱作用强，阴天时白天气温不会高。

白天阴天，地面气温较低，空气中水汽较多。

夜晚晴天，地面辐射散失热量多，降温快，更易形成霜冻。