健康信念模式教育对老年高血压患者血脂的影响要点

健康信念模式教育对老年高血压患者血脂的影响

苏敏芝 邓敏妍

ʌ摘 要ɔ 目的 探讨健康信念模式教育对老年高血压患者血脂的影响㊂方法 随机双盲法将100例老年高血压患者分为两组,每组50例,对照组采取常规健康教育,观察组则实施健康信念模式教育,均干预4周,患者出院后随访6个月,比较两组干预前后血压㊁血脂指标变化及心脑血管事件发生情况㊂结果 观察组末次随访时SBP㊁DBP㊁TG㊁TC㊁LDL-C 明显低于对照组,HDL-C 明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)㊂随访6个月观察组心脑血管事件发生率0.0%,显著低于对照组的10.0%(P <0.05)㊂结论 健康信念模式教育不仅降压效果明显,而且能显著改善患者血脂指标,降低心脑血管事件发生率㊂ ʌ关键词ɔ 健康信念模式; 高血压; 血脂; 心血管事件

基金项目:广州市医药卫生科技项目﹝20131A011027﹞

DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-4351.2016.08.023作者单位:510430广州市民政局精神病院

Effect of health belief model education on blood lipids of elderly hypertensive pa-tients Su Minzhi ,Deng Minyan.Mental Hospital of Guangzhou Civil Administration ,Guangzhou 510430,Chi-na

ʌAbstract ɔ Objective To investigate the effect of health belief model education on blood lipids of elderly hy-

pertensive patients.Methods With the randomized double-blind method,a total of 100cases of elderly hypertensive patients were divided into two groups,with 50cases in each group.The control group adopted routine health education,while the observation group received health belief model education.The two groups were intervened for 4weeks.The pa-tients were followed up for 6months after discharge.The changes of blood pressure and blood lipid indexes before and af-ter intervention,incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events were compared between the two groups.Results In the last follow-up,SBP,DBP,TG,TC and LDL-C of observation group were significantly lower than that of con-trol group and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).After 6months of treatment,the incidence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in the observation group was 0.0%,which was significantly lower than 10.0%of the control group (P <0.05).Conclusions Health belief model education can not only reduce the blood pressure significantly,but also significantly improve the blood lipid indexes of patients and reduce the incidence rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events.

ʌKey words ɔ Health belief model;Hypertension;Lipids;Cardiovascular events

Fund program :Medical Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou (20131A011027) 高血压以老年人群为主要发病对象,其发生率在我国人口老龄化现象日益严重的情况下逐年上升,不仅严重影响患者生活质量,而且长期高血压是引发冠心病㊁心衰等心脑血管疾病的高危因素之一,威胁患者生命﹝1﹞㊂临床实践表明,高血压发生与患者不健康行为及不良生活习惯密切相关,然而通过健康教育提高患者自我管理能力,养成良好的生活方式有利于其病情控制﹝2﹞㊂基于此,我院于2013年1月至2014年

12月对收治的老年高血压患者实施健康信念模式教

育,效果令人满意,现报告如下㊂1 资料与方法1•1 一般资料

收集我院2013年1月至2014年12月收治的老年高血压患者共100例,均符合高血压诊断标准,收缩压(SBP)140mmHg 及以上,舒张压(DBP)90mmHg 及以上,获得医院伦理委员会批准,患者知情并同意,排除肝肾功能严重障碍㊁3个月内心脑血管事件急性发作㊁精神异常㊁躯体性疾病等患者㊂随机双盲法将患者分为对照组与观察组,每组50例,对照组中男29例,女21例;年龄61~83岁,平均(67.8ʃ