2020年英语翻译资格考试中级口译模拟训练题(3)

合集下载

翻译考试中级口译模拟试题

翻译考试中级口译模拟试题翻译考试中级口译模拟试题Part IConsecutive Interpretation: English to ChineseIn this part you are going to hear a welcome speech by Mr. Vladimir Petrovsky, Director-General of the United Nations Office at> at the opening ceremony for the Second Meeting of the States Parties to the Mine Ban Convention. Please interpret the speech into Chinese.Let’s begin.(//表示停顿)[TONE]Mr. President,Ladies and Gentlemen,It is my great pleasure to welcome you all for the second meeting of the States Parties to the Mine Ban Convention. I would like to extend my greetings to you, Mr. President and to all the distinguished guests and delegates here today. [TONE] // [TONE]I would also like to recognize the presence of three generations of landmine survivors who have traveled here from many countries. They are a constant reminder of the urgency of achieving a total and universal ban on anti-personnel mines. [TONE] // [TONE]As a Special Representative of the Secretary-General to the Conference on Disarmament, I am very much encouraged by the many strides made towards the total eradication of anti-personnel mines which provide us with a good example fordisarmament efforts in all directions. The opening of the International Center for demining here in Geneva in 1996 and the entering into force of the Mine-Ban Convention in March 1999 are a few of the milestones which merit special mention. [TONE] // [TONE] The overwhelming commitment of the international community towards the goal of the complete eradication of the scourge of land-mines and the full implementation of the Convention is evident here today. [TONE] // [TONE]Governments and the public at large are increasingly recognizing the vital importance of success in this humanitarian undertaking and the costs of failure. [TONE] // [TONE] The urgency conveyed by the theme chosen for this second meeting: "Every minute counts" is all too apt as 27 people are killed by landmines every day and 41 are seriously injured. One out of two victims is a child. As the human being should remain at the center of everything we do, assistance to victims must be accorded the highest political importance. [TONE] // [TONE]We at the United Nations, are deeply engaged in this work and are gratified that to date, more than 100 States have signed the Ottawa Convention, reaffirming their unwavering commitment to the total eradication of anti-personnel mines. It is one of a core group of treaties for which the UN Secretary-General is making a sustained effort during the Millennium Summit to encourage further adherence. [TONE] // [TONE] Finally, I would like to congratulate the artists whose paintings and sculptures exhibited here dramatize the enormity of the challenge posed by landmines. I would like to thank those who have organized the many side events that will take place here and throughout the city of> in the coming days.My best wishes to all the participants for a successfulmeeting.Thank you for your attention. [TONE] // [TONE]。

中级口译口试模拟试题

中级口译口试模拟试题（1）口语题Directions: Talk on the following topic for at least 5 minutes. Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate. Y ou should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk. Y ou need to have your name and registration number recorded. Start your talk with “My name is…, “ “My registration number is…”.Topic: What are the important factors involved in looking for an ideal job?Questions for Reference:1.What qualifications or personality do you think are of vital importance for an individual in his or her job hunting?2.What is your primary concern in selecting a profession, your personal interest, income, specialization, or your working environment? Give reasons for your answer.3.Do you think a job interview is indispensable for a recruiting institution? Why or why not? How can we train ourselves to become successful interviewees?Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it intoChinese. Start interpreting at the signal…and stop it at the signal…Y ou may take notes while you are listening. Remember you will hear the passages only once. Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:Welcome to the Cairo International Conference Center. The Conference Center is a gift from the government of China. It is a symbol of friendship between the peoples of China and Egypt. //Up to now, the Cairo International Conference Center is the only comprehensive conference center in Egypt. It occupies an area of 300,000 square meters. Of there, 58,000 square meters have been given to conference facilities. //The Center is a mere 10-minute drive from the Cairo International Airport, a 5-minute walk from the Cairo Football Stadium and the Cairo International Exhibition Hall. //As you stroll in the conference center you will be able to appreciate the magnificent architecture and millions of dollars' worth of art. Y ou will also enjoy the beauty of the lovely man-made lake and the two Chinese pavilions.（参考答案）欢迎参观开罗国际会议中心。

2020年翻译资格中级口译英译汉模拟试题(三)

2020年翻译资格中级口译英译汉模拟试题（三）For thousands of years we Chinese have always regarded chopsticks the simplest possible and the most efficient tool for transporting bite-sized morsels of food form a bowl tothe mouth. As early as in the Zhou Dynasty， chopsticks were used for picking up meat and vegetables， while hands were used for rice.// Chopsticks， which are roughly uniform insize throughout China， can be made of a variety of materials，including bamboo， wood， lacquer， jade， ivory， plastic，aluminum， silver and gold. Special long bamboo chopsticksare generally used in the kitchen.// The way we Chinesehandle our chopsticks is quite artistic and varied fromperson to person like one's signature. An average Chinese can very easily pick up a single tiny grain of rice， or a tiny piece of peas， or a slippery button mushroom or sea cucumber.// When using chopsticks， one should place both sticks between the thumb and forefinger. The point is to keep one stick still and move the other so as to make them worklike pincers.几千年来我们中国人一直视筷子为一种能够将饭从碗中逐口送入口中的最简单同时也是最有效的工具。

中级口译模拟训练3(汉译英)

中级口译翻译考前模拟训练3(汉译英)这是基于2009年的热点话题，澳门回归10周年。

曾经在二阶段考试中出现过香港回归10周年的考题，所以在2010年春季考试中出现澳门回归10周年这个热点话题的几率还是比较大的。

翻译段落：当鲜艳的五星红旗在澳门的天空高高飘扬的那一刻，离散400多年的游子——澳门，终于回到了祖国母亲的怀抱，跨入了“一国两制”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的新时代。

莲花是澳门的区花，是澳门的象征。

在澳门人眼中，莲花象征圣洁、祥和、善美；花叶并茂，意寓世代绵延、昌盛。

“接天莲叶无穷碧，映日荷花别样红”。

可以预见，在祖国的支持下，在特区政府和广大澳人的共同呵护、悉心培育下，澳门这朵美丽的莲花未来一定会绽放出更加绚烂的花朵。

参考译文：The moment when the national flag of China flied aloft in the sky of Macau marked the hom ecoming of Macau after four centuries of departure from the motherland, ushering in a new era of high degree of autonomy, “one country, two systems” and “Macau people administrating M acau”.Lotus is the floral emblem of Macau special administrative region and it is always the sy mbol of Macau. In the eyes of people in Macau, lotus represents purity, harmony, kindness and both the blooming flowers and the luxuriant leaves of lotus symbolize prosperity and continu ity. As a Chinese poem goes: “The green lotus leaves stretch to the horizons and the lotus l ooks extraordinarily red under the sunshine.” So we believe that in the foreseeable future, with the loving care and support of the motherland, Macau SAR government and its people will surely grow into prosperity.翻译点评：1.热点词汇的掌握。

2020年英语翻译中级口译模拟训练(英译中)

2020 年英语翻译中级口译模拟训练（英译中）英译中On August 6, 1997, when 55,000 people gathered in Hiroshima to commemorate the 46th anniversary of the devastating bombing that killed an estimated 140,000 people and brought World War II to a sudden halt, the city' s newly elected mayor broke with tradition by adding a few uncustomay lines to the annual Peace Declaration. It should also be recalled, he declared, that "Japan inflicted great suffering and despair on the peoples of Asia and the Pacific during its reign of colonial domination and war. For this we are truly sorry." Noting that this year marks the 50th anniversary of the Japaness assalt on the U.S., he added, "Remembering all too well the horror of this war, starting with the attack on Pearl Harbor and ending with the atombombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, we are determined anew to work for world peace."Usually, in Japan, when people discuss the war at all, they speak of vicitimization ：their own victimization by the militarists who led the country into battle and by the Americans who bombed their cities. The suffering inflicted by the imperial army on the peoples of Asia is ignored, as is Japna' s aggression in China and at Pearl Harbor. The appealing image of Japan the victim has no room for the underside of Japan the aggressor.【参考译文】1997年8月6日，55000人在广岛集会，纪念原子弹事件46周年。

2020年英语翻译口译笔译考试模拟试题及答案

2020年英语翻译口译笔译考试模拟试题及答案The recession has hit middle-income and poor families hardest, widening the economic gap between the richest and poorest Americans as rippling job layoffs ravaged household budgets.Household income declined across all groups, but at sharper percentage levels for middle-income and poor Americans. Median income fell last year from $52,163 to$50,303, wiping out a decade's worth of gains to hit thelowest level since 1997. Poverty jumped sharply to 13.2 percent, an 11-year high.No one should be surprised at the increased disparity. Analysts attributed the widening gap to the wave of layoffsin the economic downturn that have devastated household budgets. They said while the richest Americans may be seeing reductions in executive pay, those at the bottom of theincome ladder are often unemployed and struggling to get by.中译英2020年翩不过至，世界24个时区的万千钟声，此起彼伏，宣告在这人类新千年中，一个10年代的终结，又是另一个10年代的开始。

英语翻译中级口译模拟测试与答案

英语翻译中级口译模拟测试SECTION 1: LISTENING TESTA: Spot DictationYou might enjoy a cup of coffee at your local coffee shop. But coffeeis part of 1 . Research shows that as many as one-third of the people in the world drink coffee. Some people drink coffee for its 2 . Others like the awakening effect of caffeine, a 3 in coffee. But not everyone may know the story of coffee and how it is produced.One popular story about 4 coffee long ago is about Kaldi, a keeper of goats. Kaldi was taking care of his goats in the highlands of Ethiopia where coffee trees 5 . He noticed that his goats became very excited and active 6 small fruits from a tree. Kaldi reported this discovery to a group of 7 . When they made a drink out of the fruit, the religious workers realized they could 8 for long hours of prayer. This knowledge about coffee 9 all over the world.Coffee trees are 10 eastern Africa and areas of the Arabian Peninsula. Coffee was first grown and traded 11 . Most coffee came from what is now Yemen. Soon, coffee was 12 all over the Middle East. By the seventeenth century coffee had been 13 to Europe. European traders started bringing coffee plants to other parts of the world. The Dutch brought coffee to the 14 . And by the twentieth century, most of the world's production came from Central and South America. Today, Brazil is the 15 of coffee in the world.Most people know what a coffee bean looks like, but what about the plant? Coffee trees can grow up to 16 , but they are cut short for production. These trees have shiny dark green leaves that grow on 17 of each other on a stem. The plant produces a fruit that is called 18 . When the coffee cherries are ripe and ready to pick, they are 19 . Inside the fruits are the green coffee beans. After these beans are roasted 20 they are ready to be made into a drink.B: Listening ComprehensionStatements21、A. We still have 40 minutes left before departure. B. We still have20 minutes left before departure.C. We still have 50 minutes left before departure.D. We still have 45 minutes left before-departure.22、A. Aunt Polly thought that Tom was the one who ate the pie.B. Aunt Polly believed that Tom didn't eat the pie.C. Aunt Polly ate the pie herself and Tom was innocent.D. Aunt Polly suspected that Tom's pie was eaten by someone.23、A. We have to use stronger drugs because this pill does not work.B. This pill alleviates the pain, so we don't need to use stronger drugs.C. We prefer this pill to stronger drugs to alleviate the pain.D. This pill is better than any other stronger drugs to alleviate the pain.24、A. Yuki can't speak English, so she need to go to America.B. Yuki speaks English better than most Japanese do.C. Yuki will improve her English in America.D. Yuki will learn English in America instead of Japan.25、A. We should build more schools to ensure our success.B. Education is the very cause we should continue devoting ourselves to.C. To remain competitive in the global economy, we must be ambitious.D. We must commit to our national agenda to remain competitive.26、A. Effective self-management skills are key to academic and career success.B. If you spend a lot of time on your school work, you will become a good manager later.C. School work can be time-consuming and is likely to make you feel exhausted after class.D. Good management calls for more time and energy on the part of the academic staff.27、A. Mr. Paul White has just been fired.B. Mr. Paul White has forgotten the woman's name.C. Mr. Paul White is looking for a job.D. Mr. Paul White has the woman Promoted.28、A. I shall give you a discount.B. The crisis is affecting the whole world.C. I shall come in my Sunday best.D. The price is still too high.29、A. He finished the negotiation in three days.B. He was on a business trip ten days ago.C. His toughness cost him three more days.D. His business trip lasted thirteen days.30、A. We are sure that our children will become positive members of the changing society.B. Children with self-esteem can make positive adjustment and achieve career success.C. Personal goals can be reached with the help of parents who are competent members of the society.D. Parents with confidence will adapt themselves to the changes and accomplish personal goals.Talks and Conversations31、A. He picked up some apples in his yard.B. He cut some branches off the apple tree.C. He quarreled with his neighbor over the fence.D. He cleaned up all the garbage in the woman's yard.32、A. Trim the apple trees in her yard. B. Pick up the apples that fell in her yard.C. Take the garbage to the curb for her.D. Remove the branches from her yard.33、A. File a lawsuit against the man. B. Ask the man for compensation.C. Have the man's apple tree cut down.D. Throw garbage into the man's yard.34、A. He was ready to make a concession. B. He was not intimidated.C. He was not prepared to go to court.D. He was a bit concerned.35、A. It is a necessary part of life. B. It is a time of pressure and stress.C. It is a carefree period of life.D. It is much shorter than it used to be.36、A. Family problems. B. Excellence in sports.C. Self-esteem.D. Acceptance by parents.37、A. Those that used to be meant for adults only.B. Those that divides childhood and adulthood.C. Those that are only related to information technology.D. Those that can help reduce the level of stress.38、A. Children's games. B. Living standard.C. Language lessons.D. Sports performance.39、A. Justify the claims they make. B. Appear in court.C. Get away with their products.D. Always be honest in the ads.40、A. Because she also uses the soap for better skin.B. Because she admires the movie star.C. Because she considers it a good example of certain ads.D. Because she thinks that it is a good idea to have a movie star endorse a product.41、A. Developing new advertisements for old products.B. Educating people about new products.C. Designing useful products for people in need.D. Making a profit in the marketplace.42、A. Price. B. Quality.C. Advertisement.D. Promotion.43、A. In 1800. B. In 1851.C. In 1939.D. In 1950.44、A. To attract people all over the world.B. To save millions of dollars in hotel accommodation.C. To offset the imbalance in foreign trade.D. To outweigh the benefits and potential revenues.45、A. To promote scientific exchanges.B. To define cross-cultural communications.C. To improve their national imagesD. To display their technological advancements.46、A. the presentation of new inventions.B. the promotion of cultural exchanges.C. the ambition of nation branding.D. the creation of a universal language.47、A. He was attending a wedding ceremony.B. He was on his way to Edinburgh.C. He was in the football stadium.D. He was in the cinema, with the woman.48、A. He has done the right thing.B. He has had some bad misses.C. He was overactive.D. He was smart and clever.49、A. Leeds United 2; York City 1.B. Leeds United 3; York City 2.C. Leeds United 1; York City 3.D. Leeds United 2; York City 3.50、A. Sometime later next Sunday.B. Next Sunday as usual in the man's home.C. Before the football stadium opens next Saturday.D. During the football match next Saturday.C: Listening TranslationSectence TranslationDirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Passage Translation56、Our challenges may be new. The instruments with which we meet them may be new. But those values upon which our Success depends hard workand honesty, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism--these things are old. These things are true. They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history. What is demandedthen is a return to these truths.57、Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma—which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown outyour own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to followyour heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly wantto become. Everything else is secondary.SECTION 2: STUDA SKILLSLike many people, I've always seen the Olympics as the "main" sporting event held every four years—the headline act—and theParalyrnpics as something of an "add-on"—the supporting act.It you are not disabled yourself it is hard to understand some of the games and the athletes mobility problems.But being in the host city for these Paralympics changed my perspective.I came to realize these athletes were nothing short of superheroes. Deprived of physical abilities that able-bodied people take for granted, they made up for them and then some. They tested their senses and the boundaries of physical ability to extremes that the Bolts and Phelpsesof this world would never have to.If some Olympic runners had to undergo a double-amputation, I wonder if they would strap two carbon fiber blades to their knees like Oscar Pistorius, also known as Blade Runner, of South Africa, and relearn everything that once came naturally.If some Olympic swimming heroes suddenly went blind, would they havethe courage to still surge through the water like Donovan Tildesley, not knowing when they would reach the end of the pool? Would any of us have the guts to turn around a life-changing experience like a car crash or bad rugby scrum. And not only get our lives back on track but thenstrive to be the best at a sport?"What Paralympic sport would you do if you were disabled?"was a water-cooler question I posed today. It's not something you would normally think about. You don't watch TV as a kid aspiring to be a Paralympian. But it takes more than early mornings, training programsand special diets to get to the Paralympics. It takes a tragedy or loss that will have been grieved over, worked through and overcome.Skiing is terrifying enough if you have all your faculties. Standing at the top of a ski slope, it's a battle of wills for most people to launch themselves, but Canada's Donovan Tildesley, who has been blind frombirth, revealed to a China Daily reporter that not only did he already ski, but he also wanted to take it up competitively.Superheroes indeed, each and every one. The Paralympics should be renamed the "Superlympics". It's nothing to do with the equality denoted by the Greek "para", it's about"super" ability, courage and strength that most of us, the top able-bodied athletes of the world included, will never have to muster.It's worth remembering that many Paralympians suffered horrificinjuries while living life to the full. You don't get paralyzed sitting at home playing video games. And having lived life to the full they are not prepared to stop. That's the lesser talked about "Paralympic spirit".I only hope that if life dealt me or my loved ones similar blows we would tackle them in the same way as these outstanding men and women.58、 What does the author think of Paralympic athletes?A. They are more than heroes.B. They are unsung heroes.C. They are second only to superheroes.D. They are able-bodied superheroes.59、 By saying "... and then some" (para. 2), the author means that ______.A. Paralympic athletes made up for some physical abilitiesB. not all Paralympic athletes were able to make up for physicalabilitiesC. there are some abilities that disabled athletes cannot make up forD. there are some other abilities besides what has been made up for60、 What does the author imply in Paragraphs 3 and 4?A. Some Olympic stars will turn into Paralympic competitors whendisable&B. Olympic stars' career will come to a natural end when they are disabled.C. It takes more guts to be Paralympic athletes than Olympic athletes.D. It is anybody's guess whether Olympic stars will strive to be the best at sports.61、 The word "faculties" (para. 6) is closest in meaning toA. facilitiesB. abilitiesC. handicapsD. adversities62、 According to the author, what should be learned from Paralympic athletes?A. Rising above their physical disabilities.B. Coming to terms with what they suffer.C. Playing video games to live life to the full.D. Working their way through sporting competitions.Recent years have brought minority-owned businesses in the UnitedStates unprecedented opportunities as well as new and significant risks. Civil rights activists have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Blacks, Hispanics, and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack access to the sizable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies. Now Congress, in apparent agreement, has required by law that businesses awarded federal contracts of more than $ 500, 000 do their best to find minority subcontractors and record their efforts to do so on forms filed with the government. Indeed, (some federal and local agencies) have gone so far as to set specific percentage goals for apportioning part of public works contracts to minority enterprises.Corporate response appears to have been substantial. (According to figures collected in 1977, the total of corporate contracts withminority businesses rose from $ 77 million in 1972 to $1.1 billion in1977. ) The projected total of corporate contracts with minority businesses for the early 1980s is estimated to be over $ 3 billion per year with no letup anticipated in the next decade.Promising as it is for minority businesses, this increased patronage poses dangers for them, too. First, minority firms risk expanding too fast and overextending themselves financially, since most are small concerns and, unlike large businesses, they often need to make substantial investments in new plants, staff, equipment, and the like in order to perform work subcontracted to them. If, thereafter, their subcontracts are for some reason reduced, such firms can facepotentially crippling fixed expenses. The world of corporate purchasing can be frustrating for small entrepreneurs who get requests forelaborate formal estimates and bids. Both consume valuable time and resources, and a small company's efforts must soon result in orders, or both the morale and the financial health of the business will suffer.A second risk is that White-owned companies may seek to cash in on the increasing apportionments through formation of joint ventures with minority-owned concerns. Of course, in many instances there are legitimate reasons for joint ventures; clearly, White and minority enterprises can team up to acquire business that neither could acquire alone. But civil rights groups and minority business owners have complained to Congress about minorities being set up as"fronts" with White backing, rather than being accepted asfull partners in legitimate joint ventures.Third, a minority enterprise that secures the business of one large corporate customer often run the danger of becoming and remaining dependent. Even in the best of circumstances, fierce competition from larger, more established companies makes it difficult for small concerns to broaden their customer bases: when such firms have nearly guaranteed orders from a single corporate benefactor, they may truly have to struggle against complacency arising from their current success.63、 The primary purpose of the passage is to ______.A. present a commonplace idea and its inaccuraciesB. describe a situation and its potential drawbacksC. propose a temporary solution to a problemD. analyze a frequent source of disagreement64、 The passage supplies information that would answer which of the following questions? ______A. Why federal agencies have set percentage goals for the use of minority-owned businesses in public works contracts?B. To which government agencies must businesses awarded federal contracts report their efforts to find minority subcontractors?C. How widespread is the use of minority-owned concerns as"fronts" by White backers seeking to obtain subcontracts?D. What is one set of conditions under which a small business mightfind itself financially overextended?65、 According to the passage, civil rights activist maintain that one disadvantage under which minority-owned businesses have traditionally had to labor is that they have ______.A. not had sufficient opportunity to secure business created by large corporationsB. been especially vulnerable to government mismanagement of the economyC. been denied bank loans at rates comparable to those afforded larger competitorsD. not been able to advertise in those media that reach large numbersof potential customers66、 The author implies that a minority-owned concern that does the greater part of its business with one large corporate customer should______.A. avoid competition with larger, more established concerns by not expandingB. concentrate on securing even more business from that corporationC. try to expand its customer base to avoid becoming dependent on the corporationD. use its influence with the corporation to promote subcontractingwith other minority concerns67、 The author would most likely agree with which of the following statements about corporate response to working with minority subcontractors? ______A. Annoyed by the proliferation of "front" organizations, corporations are likely to reduce their efforts to work with minority-owned subcontractors in the near future.B. Although corporations showed considerable interest in working with minority businesses in the 1970's, their aversion to government paperwork made them reluctant to pursue many government contracts.C. The significant response of corporations in the t970's is likely to be sustained and conceivably be increased throughout the 1980's.D. Although corporations are eager to cooperate with minority-owned businesses, a shortage of capital in the 1970's made substantial response impossible.It looks unlikely that medical science will abolish the process of ageing. But it no longer looks impossible."In the long run," as John Maynard Keynes observed, "we are all dead." True. But can the short run be elongated in a way that makes the long run longer? And if so, how, and at what cost? People have dreamt of immorality since ancient times. Now, with the growth of biological knowledge that has marked the past few decades, a few researchers believe it might be within reach.To think about the question, it is important to understand why organisms — people included —age in the first place. People are like machines, they wear out. That much is obvious. However, a machine can always be repaired. A good mechanic with a stock of spare parts can keep it going indefinitely. Eventually, no part of the original may remain, but it still carries on, like Lincoln's famous axe that had three new handles and two new blades.The question, of course, is whether the machine is worth repairing. It is here that people and nature disagree. Or, to put it slightly differently, two bits of nature disagree with each other. From the individual's point of view, survival is an imperative. A fear of deathis a sensible evolved response and, since ageing is a sure way of dying, it is no surprise that people want to stop it in its tracks. Moreover, even the appearance of ageing can be harmful. It reduces the range of potential sexual partners who find you attractive and thus, again, curbs your reproduction.The paradox is that the individual's evolved desire not to age is opposed by another evolutionary force, the disposable soma. The soma is all of a body's cells apart from the sex cells. The soma's role is to get those sex cells, and thus the organism's genes, into the next generation. If the soma is a chicken, then it really is just an egg'sway of making another egg. And if evolutionary logic requires the somato age and die in order for this to happen, so be it. Which is a pity,for evolutionary logic does, indeed, seem to require that.The argument is this. All organisms are going to die of something eventually. That something may be an accident, a fight, a disease or an encounter with a hungry predator. There is thus a premium on reproducing early rather than conserving resources for a future that may never come. The reason why repairs are not perfect is that they are costly and resources invested in them might be used for reproduction instead. Often, therefore, the body's mechanics prefer lash-ups to complete rebuilds —or simply do not bother with the job at all. And if that is so, theplace to start looking for longer life is in the repair shop.68、 The word "elongated"(Para. 2) is closest in meaning to______ .A. perpetuatedB. promotedC. stretchedD. enhanced69、 Why does the author mention Lincoln's axe?A. To tell people that a simple tool can be repaired thoroughly.B. To make people realize that immortality is not possible.C. To illustrate the fact that the prospect of growing old is intolerable.D. To suggest an anti-ageing approach that will reproduce itself.70、 What do we know from the passage about people and nature?A. People and nature exist in harmony and hardly disagree.B. The evolutionary force in nature helps delay the ageing process.C. People seem now in a position to harness nature.D. Death is the reality in nature people should come to terms with.71、 For whom does the author probably write this passage?A. General readers.B. Health service workers.C. Medical scientists.D. Elderly people.72、 It is implied in the passage that ______ .A. people put a premium on youth and physical appearanceB. death is treated as a matter of courseC. evolutionary force makes immortality possibleD. reproduction is a useful alternative to longer lifeIn the information technology industry, it is widely acknowledged that how well IT departments of the future can fulfil their business goalswill depend not on the regular updating of technology, which isessential for them to do, but on how well they can hold on to the people skilled at manipulating the newest technology. This is becoming more difficult. Best estimates of the current shortfall in IT staff in the UK are between 30,000 and 50,000, and growing.And there is no end to the problem in sight. A severe industry-widelack of investment in training means the long-term skills base is both ageing and shrinking. Employers are chasing experienced staff in ever-decreasing circles, and according to a recent government report, 250,000 new IT jobs will be created over the next decade.Most employers are confining themselves to dealing with the immediate problems. There is little evidence, for example, that they are stepping up their intake of raw recruits for in-house training, or re-training existing staff from other functions. This is the course of action recommended by the Computer Software Services Association, but research shows its members are adopting the short-term measure of bringing inmore and more consultants on a contract basis. However, this approach is becoming less and less acceptable as the general shortage of skills,coupled with high demand, sends contractor rates soaring. An experienced contract programmer, for example, can now earn at least double the current permanent salary.With IT professionals increasingly attracted to the financial rewards and flexibility of consultancy work, average staff turnover rates are estimated to be around 15%. While many companies in the financial services sector are managing to contain their losses by offering skilled IT staff 'golden handcuffs'—deferred loyalty bonuses that tie them in until a certain date—other organisations, like local governments, are unable to match the competitive salaries and perks on offer in theprivate sector and contractor market, and are suffering turnover ratesof up to 60% a year.Many industry experts advise employers to link bonuses to performance wherever possible. However, employers are realising that bonuses will only succeed if they are accompanied by other incentives such as attractive career prospects, training, and challenging work that meets the individual' s long-term ambition.This means managers need to allocate assignments more strategically and think about advancing their staff as well as their business. Some employers advocate giving key employees projects that would normally be handled by people with slightly more experience or capability. For many employers, however, the urgency of the problem demands a more immediate solution, such as recruiting skilled workers from overseas. But eventhis is not easy, with strict quotas on the number of work permits issued. In addition, opposition to the recruitment of IT people from other countries is growing, as many professionals believe it will leadto even less investment in training and thus a long-term weakening ofthe UK skills base.73、 According to the first paragraph, the success of IT departments will depend on ______.A. their success in retaining their skilled staffB. the extent to which they invest in new technologyC. their attempts to recruit staff with the necessary skillsD. the ability of employers to keep up with the latest developments74、 A problem referred to in the second paragraph is that ______.A. the government needs to create thousands of new IT postsB. the pool of skilled IT people will get even smaller in the futureC. company budgets for IT training have been decreasing steadilyD. older IT professionals have not had adequate training75、 What possible solution to the long-term problems in the IT industry is referred to in the third paragraph?A. Ensuring that permanent staff earn the same as contract staff.B. Expanding company training programmes for employees.C. Conducting more research into the causes of staff leaving.D. Offering top rates to attract the best specialist consultants.76、 In the financial services sector, the IT staffing problem has led to ______.A. cash or other benefits for skilled staff after a specified period of timeB. more employees seeking alternative employment in the public sectorC. the loss of customers to rival organisationsD. more flexible conditions of work for their staff77、 According to the final paragraph, the UK skill base will be weakened by ______.A. changes to managers' strategic thinkingB. insufficient responsibility being given to IT staffC. the employment of IT staff with too little experienceD. the hiring of IT personnel from abroadThe world seems to be going diet crazy, and yet our nation's obesity rate has shot up year after year. And, it's not only the over 20 population that has to worry about their weight anymore. Children from kindergarten to twelfth grade are also experiencing the problems of an overweight lifestyle.According to the website , 11% of adolescents are categorized as being over-weight, and another 16% are in danger of becoming overweight. This is a 60% jump from the 1980's.Some of the blame is being put on schools wanting to fit more academic classes into the children's schedule rather than waste time on physical education. This new take on education has left us with physical activity at an all-time national low, resulting in obesity and poor physical conditioning at an all-time national high. The schools have tried a few solutions; the most recent in the news has been taking soda out of schools and increasing the required time children must be active during school.Will those methods help at all? Education is important at school, but starts at home. I believe students are getting their bad habits from watching their parents and how they eat and exercise. The school system only helps to hinder the child's dietary eating. I know there arestudies showing genes that determine how a child will be built. That does not explain however, why the rate continues to increase at such a rapid rate each year. It seems more likely that more and more families have both parents working, leaving their children to their own means for a meal."Nintendo, TV, Playstation and the like," are what Physical Education teacher, Sue Arostegui, attributes the inactiveness to."Parents are either gone or too scared with today's society to let them out and play."Classes on health need to become more regular and sports need to be encouraged. At Live Oak High School the staff does a good job of teaching how to eat and exercise to stay healthy. The freshmen study health every Wednesday in RE., and Para James teaches healthy eating and food preparation in Home Economics for the first few weeks of every school year."Kids have no idea how many calories they are eating," said James of the overweight problems facing students. "Fast food is becoming more popular, it's easier and parents are busy. They are only setting their kids up to gain weight with that diet however."School cafeterias are also getting blamed for the students' eating habits. "Healthy eating should start at home," said L.O.H.S. cafeteria cool Brenda Myers. "Too many kids are being raised onfast food. After eating so much fast food they don't have any tastes for real home cooked food. I always have healthy foods for students, but they are less likely to eat them."Other schools do not even have the type of programs Live Oak offers and are suffering even worse consequences. Sports keep students fit and healthy. There need to be more readily available sports programs for anyone who would like to join. Many students when they feel they do not meet the standards for a team will admit defeat and drop off the team: There needs to be a program that all students will be interested in and continue through for the entire season.。

中级口译全真模拟试题

中级口译全真模拟试题1. Section One: Listening ComprehensionPart A: Short ConversationsQuestion 1:Woman: Excuse me, do you know where the nearest post office is?Man: Yes, there is a post office just around the corner. It's about 5 minutes' walk from here.Question 2:Man: I'm sorry, but I won't be able to attend the meeting tomorrow. Could you keep me updated on what is discussed?Woman: Sure. I'll take notes and send you a summary afterward.Part B: Short PassagesQuestion 3:You will hear a short passage about the benefits of exercise. Multiple choice questions will be asked.Question 4:You will hear a short passage about the history of jazz music. Fill in the blanks with the missing information.2. Section Two: Reading ComprehensionPart A: Multiple Choice QuestionsQuestion 5:Read the following passage and choose the best option that summarizes the main idea.Question 6:Read the following passage and choose the option that is closest in meaning to the underlined word.Part B: True or False QuestionsQuestion 7:Read the following statement and decide whether it is true or false according to the information given in the passage.Question 8:Read the following statement and decide whether it is true or false according to the information given in the passage.3. Section Three: Note-Taking and RetellingQuestion 9:Listen to the passage and take notes. Then, retell the main points in your own words.4. Section Four: Sight TranslationQuestion 10:Translate the following paragraph from English to Chinese.5. Section Five: Simultaneous InterpretationQuestion 11:Listen to the speaker and interpret the speech simultaneously into the target language.6. Section Six: Essay WritingChoose one of the following topics and write an essay of about 300-350 words.Topic 1: The Impact of Social Media on Society.Topic 2: The Benefits and Drawbacks of Artificial Intelligence.Topic 3: The Importance of Environmental Protection in Modern Society.7. ConclusionIn conclusion, the above mock examination provides a comprehensive overview of the requirements and skills needed for intermediate-level interpretation. The various sections assess listening comprehension, reading comprehension, note-taking and retelling, translation, simultaneous interpretation, and essay writing. By practicing these tasks, candidates can further develop their abilities and prepare themselves for real-life interpreting situations.。

中级口译口试汉译英模拟题

Passage 1上海菜系是中国最年轻的地方菜系，通常被成为“本帮菜”，有着400多年的历史。

同中国其他菜系一样，“本帮菜”具有“色，香，味”三大要素。

//上海菜的特点是注重调料的使用，食物的质地和菜的原汁原味。

其中最著名的有特色点心“南翔小笼”和特色菜“松鼠鲑鱼”。

//“南翔小笼”是猪肉馅，个小味美，皮薄汁醇。

“松鼠鲑鱼”色泽黄亮，形如松鼠，外皮脆而内肉嫩，汤汁酸甜适口。

//在品尝过“松鼠鲑鱼”之后，我们常常惊讶于“松鼠”的形状，觉得在三大评价标准上在添加“形”这个标准才更合适。

//Shanghai cuisine, usually called Benbang cuisine, is the youngest among the major regional cuisines in China, with a history of more than 400 years. Like all other Chinese regional cuisines, Benbang cuisines takes “color, aroma and taste” as its essential quality elements.//Shanghai cuisine emphasizes in particular the expert use of seasonings, the selection of raw materials with quality texture, and original flavors. Shanghai cuisine is famous for a special snack known as Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings and a special dish called “Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish”.//Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings are small in size, with thin and translucent wrappers, filled inside with ground pork and rich tasty soup. Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish is yellow-colored and squirrel-shaped, with a crispy skin and tender meat, all covered with a sweet and sour source.//After tasting Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish, we are alwaysamazed by the squirrel shape and think that it is more appropriate to plus “appearance” as the fourth element.Passage 2美国人强调效率、竞争和独创性，而中国人则将严谨规划放在首位，鼓励团队成员之间的密切合作和无私奉献。

英语翻译资格考试中级笔译模拟试卷试题

2020 年英语翻译资格考试中级笔译模拟试题Every group has a culture, however uncivilized it mayseem to us. To the professional anthropologist, there isno intrinsic superiority of one culture over another, just asto the professional linguist, there is no intrinsic hierarchyamong languages.People once thought of the languages of backward groups as undeveloped. While it if possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a factestablished by the study of “backward” languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex. They differ from Western languages not in their sound patterns or grammatical structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which reflect the objects and activities knownto their speakers. Even in this aspect, two things are to be noted. First, all languages seem to possess the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either by putting together wordsalready in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own system. Second, the objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in “backward” languages, while different from the West, areoften surprisingly numerous and complicated. A Western language distinguishes merely between two degrees of remoteness ( “this ” and “that ”). But some languages of the American Indians distinguish between what is close to the speaker, or to the person addressed, or removed from both, or out of sight, or in the past, or in the future.1. Every group of human beings has ____.A. its own set of ideas, beliefs and ways of lifeB.an extremely complex and delicate language C.its own elegant music, literature, and other arts D.the process of growing crops or raising animals 2.To the professional linguists, ____.A. there is no intrinsic superiority of culturesB. there is no intrinsic hierarchy of languagesC. all languages came from grunts and groansD. all languages are most severe and standard3.Most languages of uncivilized groups are ____.A. adequateB. numerousC. ingeniousD. ingenuous4.“Backward” languages fall behind Western languages in ____.A. ways to transfer ideasB. forms to satisfy needsC. abilities to answer descriptionD. systems to expand vocabulary5.All languages, whether civilized or not, have their own ____.A. ways to transfer ideasB. forms to satisfy needsC. abilities to answer descriptionD. systems to expand vocabulary6.Which of the following statements is implied in the passage?A. Anthropologists have nothing to do with linguists.B. Linguists have nothing to do with anthropologists.C. The study of languages casts light upon the study of cultures.D. The study of cultures casts no light upon the study of languages.7.It is implied that all cultures have to be viewed ____.A. profoundlyB. intrinsicallyC.independently D.professionally8.According to this passage, to learn a foreign language would require one to ____.A. do more activitiesB. learn about a new cultureC. meet more peopleD. need more namesrd9. The author ’s attitude shown in this passage towa “backward” languages is ____.A. restrainedB. subjectiveC. objectiveD. resolute10. This passage is on the whole ____.A. narrativeB. instructiveC. prescriptiveD. argumentative参照答案： 1-5 ABCBD 6-10 CCBCB。

2020上半年英语翻译资格模拟试题：中级口译

2020上半年英语翻译资格模拟试题：中级口译2020上半年英语翻译资格模拟试题：中级口译1. StatementsDirections： In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper; so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.1.(A) Diana is fond of outdoor activities.(B) Diana is well-paid for her hard work.(C) Diana dislikes her job because it is tough.(D) Diana considers her income to be mediocre.2.(A) I’m not sure if you are responsible.(B) I’m not content with the result of the meeting.(C) I know the delay is not your fault.(D) I think the flame of that fire is too high.3.(A) The refrigerator was repaired by an old man.(B) The refrigerator will be fixed if it is under warranty.(C) Mrs. Green had her refrigerator fixed for nothing.(D) Mrs. Green would have had the refrigerator repaired if she had warranty.4.(A) George always tells the truth.(B) George lives too far to visit us.(C) It is kind of George to assist me in the filling station.(D) It is worthwhile to make friends with George.5.(A) The company’s b udget must be reduced reasonably next year.(B) The company’s production cost is expected to rise next year.(C) The company has to stabilize its production cost.(D) The company is likely to go bankrupt because of its limited budget.6.(A) Prompt delivery of the goods before Christmas is the most important.(B) Top priority should be given to the competitive and reasonable price of the goods(C) During Christmas, there will be a shopping craze for goods with good quality.(D) Nothing is more important than the quality and price of the goods for Christmas.7.(A) Let’s continue the talk over dinner at 9 o’clock tonight.(B) We have to work something out before 9 o’clock tomorrow.(C) I propose a break until 9 o’clock tomorrow morning.(D) I’m sure we’ll all calm down before 9 o’clock tomorrow morning.8.(A) Our products cannot compete on the international market because of their higher prices.(B) Our products exhibit greater competitiveness even though they lack advanced technology.(C) Advanced technology will increase our expense to compete on the international market.(D) Advanced technology contributes to the excellence and competitiveness of our products.9 (A) Mr Parkinson never gives free investment consultations.(B) Don’t consult Mr Parkinson if your problem is about finance or investment(C) The advice Mr Parkinson offers is often of great importance to our investment.(D) We should not invest in the company where Mr Parkinson is the CEO.10(A) Aging population is expected to double within decades.(B) By 2020, 45% of the people in the country will be over sixty-five.(C) Old people in this country can expect to live a longer life.(D) In less than 20 years, 23 million more people will have to retire.参考答案：1—5 BCCDC 6—10 ACDBA更多推荐：。

2020年11月全国翻译专业资格...

目　录第一部分　真题精选英语三级口译综合能力真题精选及详解（一）英语三级口译综合能力真题精选及详解（二）英语三级口译综合能力真题精选及详解（三）英语三级口译综合能力真题精选及详解（四）第二部分　章节题库第1章　判　断◆段　落◆单　句第2章　篇章理解◆经济商业类◆科普科技类◆教育文化类◆医疗健康类◆生态环境类◆旅游观光类◆社会生活类第3章　填　空第4章　听力综述第三部分　模拟试题英语三级口译综合能力模拟试题及详解（一）英语三级口译综合能力模拟试题及详解（二）第一部分　真题精选英语三级口译综合能力真题精选及详解（一）Part IA. Listen to the following passage and then decide whether the statements below are true or false. After hearing a short passage, tick the circle of “True” on the answer sheet if you think the statement is true, or tick the circle for “False” if it is false. There are 10 statements in this part of the test, with 1 point each. Y ou will hear the passage only once. At the end of the recording, you will have 2 minutes to finish this part.1．The black people did not vote in America in 1941.〇 True〇 False2．When Henry turned twenty-one, he drove to the courthouse to vote.〇 True〇 False3．The registrar had decided not to enter the black people’s names in the voting book.〇 True〇 False4．In order to register, people had to understand the Constitution of the United States.〇 True〇 False5．According to the passage, only literate people could vote.〇 True〇 False6．Henry was the first black person to vote in his county.〇 True〇 False7．Henry’s father and five other black people were also registered to vote that night.〇 True〇 False8．The next day the clerk refused to register the people Henry brought in because they were not able to read.〇 True〇 False9．Not all the white people coming to register could read.〇 True〇 False10．Henry finally managed to get all the black people in his county registered.〇 True〇 False【参考答案及解析】1．False 理解推断题。

中级口译真题(热门3篇)

中级口译真题(热门3篇）中级口译真题（1）口语题Directions: Talk on the following topic for at least 3 Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your You need to have your name and registration number Start your talk with "My name ", "My registration numberNews report:The General Administration of Press and Publication of China (GAPP) has recently issued a document, which demands further standardization of language The document bans newspapers, publishers and website-owners from frequently using foreign abbreviations and acronyms, as well as the mix of English and It forbids excessive use of slang and buzzwords, and non-standard spellings and grammatical order of foreignTopic: Preserving the Purity of the Chinese LanguageQuestions for Reference:Some hold that language interweaving is becoming very common in the age of globalization, so this ban will undoubtedly trigger people's What do you think of this view?Others hold that, as languages of all countries and regions have been imposing influence on one another since ancient times, so language purity has never existed in human Do you agree with this view? Why or why not?What is the significance of preserving the purity of the Chinese language? What can we do to preserve the purity and standardization of Chinese?中级口译真题（2）口译题Part ADirections: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in After you have heard each paragraph, interpret it into Start interpreting at the and stop it at theYou may take notes while you are Remember you will hear the passages only Now let's begin Part A with the firstPassage 1【原文】The whole world has focused its attention on China, an oriental country that still appears mysterious to many people in the China is providing the greatest fascination in the 21stSince the Second World War, countries like Britain and Germany have had major achievements and minor problems, while Southeast Asia has had major problems and minorChina, though, is experiencing both major achievements and major I do believe the tough line on population control has been a great contribution to humanity on an internationalI'm positive that China will definitely become an economic superpower in the not too distant future and will play an irreplaceable role in promoting economic prosperity in the【答案】全世界的注意力都集中在中国这个对许多西方人士来说依然十分神秘的国家。

2020年英语翻译资格考试中级笔译模

2020年xx资格考试中级笔译模拟试题（四）1. That boy is suffering from unrequited love and pinesaway.A. ferventB. obsessiveC. secretD. unreturned2. For a long time in that vast region, this law was inabeyance.A. active useB. doubtC. discussionD. disuse3. A court-martial has but recently decided to acquit him.A. declare he is not guiltyB. upwardly mobileC. excessively overweightD. privately educated4. There are more people who are obese today than 20years ago.A. gainfully employedB. upwardly mobileC. excessively overweightD. privately educated5. As a conductor, Leonard Bernstein is famous for hisintensely vigorous and exuberant style.A. enthusiasticB. nervousC. painfulD. extreme6. When insects feed on decaying plant material in acompost pile, they help turn it into useful garden soil.A. availableB. organicC. distastefulD.decomposing7. Researchers have discovered that dolphins are able tomimic human speech.A. importB. imitateC. impairD. humor8. The dichotomy postulated by many between idealism isone of the standard clichés of the ongoing debate overinternational affatrs.A. divisionB. combination of two partsC. disparityD. contradiction9. Attempts have been made for nearly three decades toincrease the amount of precipitation from clouds by seedingthem with salt or silver iodide.A. DevicesB. HypothesesC. EffortsD. Suggestions10. Justices of the peace have jurisdiction over thetrials of some civil suits and of criminal cases involvingminor offenses.A. supremacyB. authorityC. guidanceD. obedience11. The feeling of competition among the students in allthe classrooms where the test was going on was noticeable toeveryone.A. discordB. discoveryC. rivalryD. cooperation12. The artist spent years on his monumental painting,which covered the whole roof of the church, the biggest inthe country.A. archaicB. sentimentalC. outstandingD. entire13. Many of the electric and electronic products wepurchase and consume today are what some indu strial expertscall “homogeneous toys”.A. identicalB. homosexualC. unrelatedD. distinguishable14. Anthropologist Barbara Myerhoff furthered herreputation as an authority on Native American culture withher study of the symbols, myths, and rituals of the Huicholpeople.A. deservedB. retainedC. renewedD. advanced15. This reflects the priority being attached to economicover political activity, partly caused by a growingreluctance to enter a calling blighted by relentlesspublicity that all too often ends in destroying careers andreputations.A. powerfulnessB. unwillingnessC. renaissanceD. apologeticness参考答案：1-5 DDACB 6-10 DBACB 11-15 CCADB。

2020下半年翻译资格中级笔译模拟试题

2020下半年翻译资格中级笔译模拟试题2020下半年翻译资格中级笔译模拟试题It’s not that we are afraid of seeing him stumble, of scribbling a mustache over his career. Sure, the nice part of us wants Mike to know we appreciate him, that he still reigns, at least in our memory. The truth, though, is that we don’t want him to come back because even for Michael Jordan, this would be an act of hubris so monumental as to make his trademark confidence twist into conceit. We don’t want him back on the court because no one likes a show-off. The stumbling? That will be fun.But we are nice people, we Americans, with 225 years of optimism at our backs. Days ago when M.J. said he had made a decision about returning to the NBA in September, we got excited. He had said the day before, “I look forward to playing, and hopefully I can get to that point where I can make that decision. It’s O.K., to have some doubt, and it’s O.K. to have some nervousness.” A Time/CNN poll last weekhas Americans, 2 to 1, saying they would like him on thecourt ASAP. And only 21 percent thought that if he came back and just completely bombed, it would damage his legend. Infact only 28 percent think athletes should retire at their peak.Sources close to him tell Time that when Jordan first talked about a comeback with the Washington Wizards, the team Jordan co-owns and would play for, some of his trustedadvisers privately tried to discourage him. “But they say ifthey try to stop him, it will onlyfirm up his resolve,” says an NBA source.The problem with Jordan’s return is not only that he can’t possibly live u p to the storybook ending he gave up in 1998 — earning his sixth ring with a last-second championship-winning shot. The problem is that the motivesfor coming back — needing the attention, needing to play even when his 38-year-old body does not — violate the verymyth of Jordan, the myth of absolute control. Babe Ruth, the 20th century’s first star, was a gust of fat bravado and drunken talent, while Jordan ended the century by proving the elegance of resolve; Babe’s pointing to the bleachers replaced by the charm of a backpedaling shoulder shrug. Jordan symbolized success by not sullying his brand with his politics, his opinion or superstar personality. To be a Jordan fan was to be a fan of classiness and confidence.To come back when he knows that playing for Wizards won’t get him anywhere near the second round of the play-offs, when he knows that he won’t be the league scoring leader, that’s a loss of control.Jordan does not care what we think. Friends say that he takes articles that tell him not to come back and tacks them all on his refrigerator as inspiration. So why bother writing something telling him not to come back? He is still Michael Jordan.参考答案：不是因为我们害怕看到他会因失误而给他辉煌的生涯画上遗憾的一笔。

中级口译考试模拟题答案

Sentence translation:1. The main light source of the future will almost surely not be the bulb. It might be a table, a wall, or even a fork.几乎可以肯定的说，未来的主要光源不会再是灯泡，而可能是桌子、墙壁，甚至是餐叉。

2. Moscow is the world’s most expensive city for the second year in a row, thanks to an appreciating ruble and rising housing costs.由于卢布的升值和房价的提高，莫斯科已经连续第二年被列为生活消费最贵的城市。

【ruble：卢布appreciate:增值、涨价】3. A record number of Japanese people worked themselves to death last year despite a government campaign to ease the country’s not orious office hours.日本人工作时间过长可谓“世界闻名”，尽管政府发起“减负运动”，但去年日本的过劳死人数竟创下记录。

4. Multinational enterprises are those firms that produce and market their products in two or more countries. Now those sorts of companies dominate in the more capital intensive industries. 跨国公司指的是在两个或两个以上国家生产和销售自己产品的公司，现在这类公司在更多资本密集型产业中占据了统治地位。