学术英语(人文社科类)Unit 10复习过程
学术英语(第二版)医学教学课件Unit 10
• We need to provide more of some things even as we provide fewer of others.
Do you see logic connection between them?
Para. 3 Language focus
to find a way to cover all of our people
Logic
in
the
paragraph
• One urgent national need: a way to cover all of our people
• Part of the problem: money
• The answer: rationalizing
• Blanket allocation: never a good idea
- people of all ages with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) (permanent kidney failure requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant).
• Medicaid is available only to certain low-income individuals and families who fit into an eligibility group that is recognized by federal and state law.
Para. 1 Language focus
medical c_o_v_e_r_a_g_e_（医疗保险支付范围） Medicare and M__e_d_ic_a_i_d_（联邦医疗保险和医
Unit 10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time 复习课件
Unit 10
一、词汇（快速读单词表按要求完成各题。）
Ⅰ. 词汇速记
1. 会议; 集会; 会面(n. ) meeting upset normal unless angry
2. 难过; 失望; 沮丧(adj. )
3. 正常的; 一般的(adj. ) 4. 除非; 如果不(conj. ) 5. 发怒的; 生气的(adj. ) 6. 错误; 失误(n. )
一、根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．—Do you like chocolate (chocolate) very much? —Yes，I do. 2．There are hundreds of taxis (taxi) in my city. 3．Peter has a lot of advice (advice) on how to learn English
一、根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．Can you help me organize (organize) the English evening
party?
2．If you wear jeans (jeans) to the party，Mr. Li won't be happy. 3．The teacher asked us to take (take) the bus to the party. 4．—When is a good time to have (have) the party? —Let's have it tomorrow. 5．Half of the class are (be) girls.
一、根据句意用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．Yao Ming is one of the best basketball world. 2．If the boy becomes happy. (become) a soccer player，he will be players (play) in the
学术英语(医学)单词复习复习进程
学术英语(医学)单词复习医学学术英语——词汇部分复习资料Unit 11. neuron 神经2. office visit(诊所)就诊3. scan 扫描4. medical practice 行医5. blood pressure 血压6. maintenance(健康)保持7. mammogram 乳房Ｘ线8. physical 身体9. side effect 副作用10. panic 恐慌11. practicing 执业12. transplant 移植13. budget 预算14. tablet 药片15. childproof 防孩子16. randomized 随机17. allocation(随机)分配18. prognosis 预后19. control 对照20. follow-up 跟踪21. ward 病房22. hepatitis 肝炎23. malaise 身体不适24. metabolism 代谢25. liver 肝26.pathophysiology 病理生理27. literature 文献28. investigation 调查29. incidence 率30. epidemiology 流行病学31. bed rest 卧床休息32. hospital stay 住院33. jaundice 黄疸34. course 病程35. intravenous 静脉注射36. diastolic 舒张37. perfusion 灌注38. primary 初级39. bypass(冠脉)旁路40. informed 知情41. humanitarian 人道主义42. the Red Cross 红十字会43. relief 援助44. casualty 人员伤亡45. emergency 紧急Unit 21. re-emerging 再现2. strain 变种3. vaccine 疫苗4. infectious 传染性的5. emerging 新出现6. prevention 预防7. plague 鼠疫8. pathogenic 病原的9. authorities 机构10. drug resistanc 抗药性11. course 疗程12. scarlet fever 猩红热13. virulence 毒性14. pandemic 大流行15. antigen 抗原16. genetic 基因的17. neurological 神经性18. immunity 免疫力19. infrastructure 基础设施20. case 病例21. swine 猪22. tuberculosis 结核23. morbidity/incidence发病率24. professionals 专业人士25. latent 潜伏26. skin test 皮试27. screening 筛查28. interferon 干扰素29. toxicity 毒性30. curable 可治愈的31. intractable 难治的32. pathogen 病原体33. ulcer 溃疡34. exposure 接触(带病者)35. recombination 重组36. bioterrorism 生物恐怖活动37. foodborne 生物传播Unit 31. adrenaline 肾上腺素2. residency 实习3. autoimmune 自身免疫4. stamina 持久力5. transient 短暂的6. bedridden 卧床不起7. building block 基本构件8. model 模型9. neurodegeneration 神经退化10.excrete 排除(毒素)11.optimize 优化12.load 载量13.relapse 复发仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢214.self-experimentation 自我实验15.trial 试验16.neuromuscular 神经肌肉17.therapist 治疗师18.micronutrient微量营养素19.function 功能20.track 跟踪21.coordination 协调22.cardiovascular 心血管23.rapport 亲密24.synchronization 同步25.contagion 传染26.regulate 调节27.psychobiological生物心理28.solace 慰藉29.imaging ＭＲＩ30.activate 激活31.mandatory 强制性32.dubious 无把握的33.background 背景34.concept 概念35.regimen 方案plications 并发症37.anti-tumor 抗肿瘤38.standard 标准的39.pharmacological 药理学的40.solubility 溶解性41.in vivo 体内Unit 41. complementary 补充2. alternative 替代(医学)3. paradigm 模式4. acupuncture 针灸5. adjunct 辅助6. nausea 恶心7. post-operative 术后8. clinical 临床的9. physicaltherapy 理疗10. therapeutic 治疗(方法)11. intervention 干预12. design 设计13. resonance 共振14. emission 发射ＰＥＴ15. analgesia 止痛16. establishment(生物医学)界17. rehabilitation 康复18. licensed 持照(针灸师)19. strategies 策略20. formulas 配方21. wide array 各式各样的22. integrative(中西医)结合23. acute 急性的24. administer 给药25. procedure 程序26. evaluation 评估27. prevalence 患病率28. conventional 传统(疗法)29. evidence-based 循证的30. management(压力)处理31. peripheral 外周／外围32. mechanisms 机制33. reductionistic 还原式的34.cost-effectiveness 效益35. outcomes 结果36. preclinical 临床前37. plausible 可能的38. manipulative 推拿39. homeopathic 顺势40. naturopathic 自然(疗法)41. meditation 冥想Unit 51. crisis 危机2. symptoms 症状3. vitality 活力4. immune 免疫5. virus 病毒6. lifestyle 生活方式7. robust 健全的8. fragile 脆弱的9. balance 平衡10. spiritual 精神的11. blockages 路障12. repressed 被压抑的13. genuine 真实的(真情实感)14. physiological 心理15. integrated 整合的(十全十美)16. decaying teeth 蛀牙17. nutrition 营养18. waistline 腰围19. bottled 瓶装(水)20. intake 摄入21. appetite 食欲22. protein 蛋白质23. obesity 肥胖症24. lean 精益的(蛋白质)25. dietary 饮食(习惯)26. quality 质量27. dairy 乳制品28. diabetes 糖尿病29. content 含量仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢3Unit 61. nursing home 养老院2. hospice 临终(关怀)3. failure(心)衰4.available around-the-clock24小时随叫随到5. coronary 冠心病6. respond(对治疗有)反应7. facility 机构8. end-of-life 终末期9. comfort 舒适的(护理)10. hospital discharge 出院11. care(症状)护理12. palliative 姑息的13. fatal illness 绝症14. pulmonary 肺的ＣＯＰＤ15. experimental 实验性的16. advisors 顾问17. discontinue 终止18. dialysis 透析19. smear 涂片20. provider 医患关系21. care-as-usual 常规医护22. preventive 预防性23. beaten 常用的off the beatenpath 离开熟路,另辟蹊径24. moldinto the shape塑形25. renew 重新开始to renew aprescription 照旧处方再开药26. fertilization 授精27. basic 基础的(生物学)28. stem cell 干细胞29. collaborate 合作30. test-tube 试管(婴儿)31. reproductive 生殖的32. hormones 激素33. immature 未成熟的34. empirical 经验(观察)35. pioneering 首创的36. endoscope 内镜37. ethical 伦理的38. concern(社会)关注39. infertile 不孕不育的40. inherited 遗传性的41. fibrosis 纤维化42. dilemmas 困境Unit 71. station(护士)站2. life-support 生命维持(系统)3. measures 护理措施4. withdraw 停止(治疗)5. paternalistic 家长式的6. empowerment 授权7. ethicists 伦理学家8. principles 准则9. ideal 理念10.patient-centered 以病人为中心的11. autonomy 自主权12. options 选择13. exclusivepurview 专属的(领域)14. emergency 紧急(决定)15. restraint 限制16. anxiety 焦虑17. transgression 违背18. practice(家庭)医疗19. metastases(广泛)转移20. aggressive 积极的21. primary 原发22. follow-up 随访23. record 病历24. embolism 栓塞25. tomography 断层摄像ＣＴ26. infiltrates 浸润27. chest 胸28. lower-lobe 左下叶29. labored(呼吸)困难30. team 团队31. chronic 慢性的32. psychosocial 社会心理33. guidelines 指南34. implement 实施(治疗方案)Unit 91. curriculum 课程2. community 界3. expectations 期待4. attributes(个人)品质5. value 看重The place value on 看重6. maladies 疾患7. diagnostic 诊断的8. manifestations 临床表现Unit 81. subject 受试对象2. biomedical 生物医学3. therapy 治疗4. protocol 方案仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢45. beneficence 有利6. justice 公正7. autonomous 有自主能力的8. diminished 减弱Diminished autonomy 自主性减弱9. exposed to 面临10. Oath 誓言11. distribution 分配12. consent 同意Informed consent 知情同意13. procedures 程序14. operating 手术台15. obligation 责任16. pediatric 儿科的17. perform 做(手术)18. flow(血)流19. intensive 重症的ＩＣＵ20. adoptive 义(父)21.biological 生(父)22. psychological 心理的23. medical 医学的24. occupational 职业的25. contract 感染性的26. infection 感染27. blood vessel 血管28. circulation 循环29. welfare 安宁30. disapprove 不批准31. protocol 研究计划32. liability 责任9. civic mindednes民本意识10. chatter 闲谈11. manner(临床)举止12. directories 名录13. integral 不可分割的14. underserved服务匮乏的15. shortage(初级保健)缺乏16. certification 证书17. address 应对(需要)18. basics 基础知识19. teaching 教学(医院)20. academic 学术的Unit 101. coverage 范围medical coverage 医疗保险支付范围2. Medicaid 医疗救助3. single-payer 单一支付4. subsidize 补贴5. deliver 提供6. duplicative 重复的7. sustained 长期的8. deficits(视力)缺陷9. echocardiogram超声心动图10. thrombus 血栓11. stroke 中风12. artery 动脉13. intracranial 颅内的14. cerebral 大脑15. bleeding 出血16. brain-stem 脑干17. recovery 恢复18. ventilation 通气19. anticoagulant 抗凝血20. infusions 输液21. surgeon 外科医生22. administrators 管理者23. ambulances 救护车24. elective 可做可不做25. infarction 梗死26.time-critical时间要求紧迫的27. arrest 停止28. traumatic外伤的,创伤的29. intervention 介入术30. multi-payer 多家支付的31. universal 全民的32. for-profit 以营利为目的的33. pharmaceutical 制药的34. remedies 治疗方法home-brewed remedy 自创的治疗方法35. out-of-pocket 自掏腰包21. affiliate with 隶属于22.continuingmedicaleducation 继续医学教育仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢5。
季佩玉、范烨学术英语学术英语综合Unit10剖析
Unit 10
Language Acquisition
Text A Supplementary information
2. Noam Chomsky
Noam Chomsky (1928- ) is an American linguist, philosopher, cognitive scientist, logician, political critic and activist. He is an Institute Professor and Professor (Emeritus) in the Department of Linguistics & Philosophy at MIT. He is described as “the father of modern linguistics”.
Unit 10
Language Acquisition
Text A Text analysis
Summarize the main ideas of Text A on the basis of
Task 1/Critical Reading and Thinking/Text A.
Language as a cultural artifact Language as an instinct
7. Academic language and discourse
• Acquire some linguistic terms;
• Learn to use signpost language indicating a cause or an effect;
• Comprehend stylistic differences between formal and informal English and acquire some formal expressions
学术英语(管理)_Unit 10
Unit 10 Human Resources
• Text A
Being Courageous: The Ultimate Test of HR
─ Critical thinking and reading ─ Language building-up
Unit 10 Human Resources
学术英语管理academicenglishforbusinessunit10humanresources?leadin?texta?textbet?listening?presentationtimeunitcontentsleadincomponentsofhr?recruitment?trainingdevelopmentg?performanceappraisal?rewardspunishment?motivation?promotiondemotiondiscontinuation?compensationbenefits?recordsunit10humanresourcespleadindiscussion?asanemployeewhichcomponentsareyoumostinterestedin
Unit 10 Human Resources
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
Supplementary information – Southwest Airlines: an American airline based in Dallas, Texas. Southwest has been a major inspiration to other low-cost carriers, and its business model has been repeated many times around the world. The competitive strategy combines high level of employee and aircraft productivity with low unit costs by reducing aircraft turnaround time particularly at the gate.
学术英语写作unit 10 Feasibility Report
Visual Aids
• What visual aids would your readers find helpful or persuasive? • Why? Gives Structure to the talk Helps the Audience to pick the Main points Helps to Illustrate the material • Slides Must be Legible (don't use weird fonts) Not Too many Prefer Pictures over words, if possible Get some Practice using them Have a Non-electronic backup when away from home Use Page numbering for plastic slides • Using the board Only for Small rooms Can you Write neatly? It' Rather slow
Situational Analysis
• What events and circumstances influence the way you should write?
Superstructure
• • • • • • •
Introduction Criteria Method Overview of Alternatives Evaluation Conclusions Recommendations
Definition and Purpose of a Feasibility Study
• The feasibility study is conducted to assist the decision-makers in making the decision that will be in the best interest of the (eg. school foodservice) operation. The extensive research, conducted in a nonbiased manner, will provide data upon which to base a decision.
研究生学术英语写作教程Unit 10 Submitting Paper
Unit Ten Submitting PaperObjectives- Know the paper processing procedures- Become aware of politeness in letter writing- Write a submission cover letter and reply to the decision letterContents- Reading and discussion: A submission cover letter and a decision letter.- Language focus: politeness- Writing practice: submission cover letter; reply to a decision letter; inquiry letter 1.Reading ActivityYour research paper is finished. The next step is to submit the paper to a suitable academic journal. This unit aims to show you the review procedure, hopefully bring you an awareness of two language features of academic writing, and finally help you correspond with the edit-in-chief on your own.1.1Pre-reading TaskBefore you learn the detailed information, please discuss the following questions.What should you consider about the journal you are going to submit the paper to?What should you do to your paper before submission?What should be included in your submission E-mail?How can we sound polite when we write the submission cover letter and reply to the decision letter?1.2Reading PassagesLetter 1--A submission cover letterDear Dr. James Joyce,This is a manuscript entitled "A NOVEL ROOT-END FILLING MATERIAL BASED ON HYDROXYAPATITE, TETRACALCIUM PHOSPHATE ANDPOLYACRYLIC ACID " by Ling Huchong and Qiao Feng from State KeyLaboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and MedicalEngineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. It is submitted to beconsidered for publication as an "Original Article" in your journal.No conflict of interest exits in the submission of this manuscript, and manuscript is approved by all authors for publication. I would like to declare on behalf of my co-authors that the work described was original research that has not been published previously, and not under consideration for publication elsewhere, in whole or in part.In this work, we developed a novel filling materialhydroxyapatite/tetracalcium phosphate/polyacrylic acid cement (HA/TTCP/PAA), and further examined its chemical composition, physical properties andcytotoxicity in comparison with glass ionomer cement (GIC) and Portland cement (PC). I hope this paper is suitable for “INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTICJOURNAL”.The following is a list of possible reviewers for your consideration:1) Professor Duan Yu E-mail: duanyu@2) Professor Shi Tai E-mail: shitai@We deeply appreciate your consideration of our manuscript, and we look forward to receiving comments from the reviewers. If you have any queries,please don’t hesitate to contact me at the address below.Enclosed please find the paper.Thank you and best regards.Yours sincerely,Ling HuchongCorresponding author:Prof. Dr. Qiao FengState Key Laboratory of BioelectronicsSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096P.R. ChinaTel: (+8625) 12345678Fax: (+8625) 12345678E-mail: qiaofeng@1.3Reading Comprehension1.3.1List the contents that should be included in letter 1.①___________________________________________________________________②___________________________________________________________________③___________________________________________________________________④___________________________________________________________________⑤___________________________________________________________________⑥___________________________________________________________________Letter 2----A decision letterFrom:iejeditor@To:Qiao Feng@CC:Ling Huchong@Subject:Manuscript ID IEJ-12-00123, International Endodontic JournalBody:Dear Dr. Qiao,Manuscript ID: IEJ-12-00123Manuscript Title: Hydroxyapatite/Tetracalcium Phosphate/Polyacrylic Acid Cement:Chemical-Physical Properties and CytotoxicityI have received the comments of the referees(s) and decided that your manuscript requiresmajor changes and then go through the refereeing process again. However, please note thatresubmitting your manuscript does not guarantee eventual acceptance.Should you wish to revise and resubmit your manuscript, please revise your paper takinginto account any points they have raised - their comments can be found at the end of thisemail. Also double check that in the body of the text and in the Reference section thenames of authors are spelt correctly including any non-English characters whereappropriate.You will be unable to make your revisions online using the originally submitted version ofthe manuscript. Instead, revise your manuscript on your PC/MAC using your wordprocessing programme and save it on your computer. Please highlight the changes to yourmanuscript within the document by using the "track changes" mode in MS Word orequivalent.To upload your revised manuscript, log on to /iej andenter your Author Centre, where you will find your original manuscript title listed under "Manuscripts with Decisions". Under "Actions," click on "Create a Revision". Your manuscript number has been appended to denote a revision.When submitting your revised manuscript, you will be able to respond to the comments made by the referees(s) in the space provided. You can use this space to document any changes you have made to the original manuscript. Please be as specific as possible in your response to the referee(s).I look forward to receiving your revised manuscript.Kind regardsPaul DummerEditor-in-Chief,International Endodontic Journaliejeditor@Editor comments to authors:EditorComments to the Author:(There are no comments.)Referee(s) comments to authors:Referee: 1Comments to AuthorTitle: Hydroxyapatite/Tetracalcium Phosphate/Polyacrylic Acid Cement:Chemical-Physical Properties and CytotoxicityThis manuscript introduces the reader to a new retrograde filling material and describes the tests that were conducted and the comparison to currently used materials. The section Discussion was well done and discussed the relevance of each test to published research as well as relevant clinical applications.It would be helpful if the title would reflect that this report is on a root end filling material.General comment. The entire manuscript needs to be edited for proper use of the English language and syntax.IntroductionThe sentence: “However, its defects prohibit clinical applications…..”. The word “defect” is an odd choice. “shortcomings” would be more appropriate.The sentence: “To overcome these disadvantages, a new material,hydroxyapatite/tetracalciumphosphate/polyacrylic acid cement (HA/TTCP/PAA), with optimum properties, has been developed.”Authors you are reporting on your findings of your novel cement but already conclude in this Introduction that it has “optimum properties”. At best you can state that it was your intent to develop a material with optimum or improved properties.Authors: Check instructions for authors for the required journal format for referring to the published literature.Materials and MethodsThe sentence: “The HA/TTCP/PAA paste was mixed….and the mixed wit h distilled water…” Authors, after you have crushed the powders it makes no sense to describe the HA/TTCP/PAA as a paste.“The paste of HA/TTCP/PAA, GIC and GPC were placed into a plastic plate… 37°C in 100%” Authors, use better description than “plastic plate”.“The final setting time was the average result of five sample specimens.” The words sample and specimens are synonymous.“Compressive strength was calculated from the mean value of five samples of each group”. You probably mean to say that the m ean value for each group was derived from the 5 samples.“The materials were set in the molds for 24 h at 37°C in 100%humidity”. The meaning the materials were set is not clear. Please explain this method better.“The HA/TTCP/PAA, GIC and GPC pastes we re manually shaped separately into an 8 mm diameter ball within 1 min….” Authors, it would be better to describe this as follows: At standard liquid/powder ratios each material was mixed and immediately, but within 1 min, manipulated into a ball.Although the test that was described lacks any scientific foundation, the figures were convincing.“The unreactive supernatants in the well were carefully sucked off, and 600 μL ….” Authors, use a better word than “sucked off” to remove the supernatants.Washout resistance test“The washout resistance result for the HA/TTCP/PAA showed no noticeable disintegration (figure 4); however, GIC paste balls had a large amount of debris…”Replace the word “debris”. The actual release of particles or dissolution of the GIC cannot be called debris.“Different from HA/TTCP/PAA, GIC was water sensitive during setting phase, which was supported in the present study by a large sum of debris around its paste ball in PBS, and suggested in Earl and Ibbetson’s study by its easy damage in the early moist setting (Bodrumlu 2008)”. This reviewer does not understand the connection between Earl and Ibbetson’s study and the reference made to Bodrumlu. Please clarify.The figures have no numbers. See pages 19-23 of the pdf.Referee: 2Comments to AuthorMarch 24, 2012Title: Hydroxyapatite/Tetracalcium Phosphate/Polyacrylic Acid Cement:Chemical-Physical Properties and CytotoxicityMs. #: IEJ-12-00-00123GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS:Writing: Word use and grammar are at journal standards and need to be improved throughout.Organization: GoodOther: Avoid the use of +/- to express variation. The preferred method is mean (stdev). For example: 11.0 (0.8) min. The discussion is too long and over-zealous relative to the experimental data (see specifics below).CONTENTTitle1. OKAbstract1. The conclusion statement should be modified to say that it has low cytotoxicity. Biocompatibility was not adequately evaluated to make the current statement. Also should say it IS promising, not MAYBE promising. The latter makes no sense.Introduction1. OK, except for the writing inadequacies.Methods1. p. 5, ll. 22: It is unclear how the washout test was quantified. Please describe more thoroughly.2. p. 5, ll. 11: How do the authors know that the Et2O treatment didn't affect the biological properites of the the materials? It seems it would have been better3. p. 5, MTT assay. The 5 mg/mL concentration exposed to L929 for 4 h can be cytotoxic by itself. How did the authors control for this potential problem?Results1. Fig, p. 20 (pH). Statistical analyses need to be shown on this graph.2. Fig. p. 22 (cytotoxicity). These figures are too small for me to really evaluate thoroughly.3. Table 1: heading suggests that setting times are compare, but I believe this is an error. It seems that only CS is compared. Please check.Discussion/Conclusions1. First paragraph, p. 8 (setting). This paragraph seems speculative and askance of the experimental data for the most part. Please rewrite to relate more specifically to the XRD and IR data.2. Paragraph , p. 9 (washout). This paragraph also is speculative and the analysis exceeds the experimental data. The best that can be said here is that the HA/TTCP/PAA cement shows promised in terms of its relative wash-out resistance.3. Paragraph, p. 9/10 (pH). This text cannot be evaluated without statistical analysis of the data.4. Biocompatibility (p. 10). The authors have done 2 tests, but they are really measuring the same thing they way they were performed (both assess the cell mass). Thus the discussion claims are overstated in terms of the utility of these two tests. A moreconvincing story would be to evaluate the materials much longer-term (say after 4 weeksor longer). This should be mentioned in the discussion-- many individual have publishedresults with longer terms.5. Conclusions: are overstated. The authors should restrict their claims to say that the newmaterial shows promise relative to GIC and GPC. Little is possible to conclude beyondthat!References1. OKIllustrations (and Tables)Table 1: eliminate +/- signs and replace as suggested above. Transpose table to put thetimes along the top and the materials down the side. More effective.Fig 1: Helpful to vertically spread out the figure so that there is more space between tracesat different times.Fig 2: wavenumber labels are too crowded to bottom curve. Add space.Fig. 3: Add stats to graph. I suggest that this would be better plotted as a line graph (pH vs.time), and avoid all the different column fills and crowded legend, which are verydistracting.Fig. 4. Unclear what the top vs. bottom rows are without looking at caption. Please label.Fig. 5 ab. Separate these into separate figures. Make them bigger, please. Complete thegraph frame. Eliminate box around the legend. Space between numbers and units on thex-axes. (e.g. 48 h, not 48h). Use of lowercase letter labels would be more effective than allthe lines to show statistical differences.Date Sent:03-Apr-20121.3.2Understanding letter 2Main idea:____________________________________________________________ The author should①___________________________________________________________________②___________________________________________________________________③___________________________________________________________________④___________________________________________________________________nguage Focus：Politeness2.1 Highlight the polite expressions in the two letters.2.2 Make a response to the reviewer's comments in a polite way. The following sentence patterns are only for reference.We are very sorry for our negligence of ………We are very sorry for our incorrect writing ………It is really true as Reviewer suggested that……We have made correction according to the Reviewer’s comments.We have re-written this part according to the Reviewer’s suggestionAs Reviewer suggested that……Considering the Reviewer’s suggestion, we have ……Special thanks to you for your good comments.1. The entire manuscript needs to be edited for proper use of the English language and syntax._____________________________________________________________________2.Check instructions for authors for the required journal format for referring to the published literature._____________________________________________________________________3.Avoid the use of +/- to express variation.__________________________________________________________________________________ 3.Writing project3.1The following is a cover letter template for submission of new manuscripts.Please write a cover letter for submission of your own research paper with this template.A cover letter template for submission of new manuscriptsDear Dr. Kravitz and Dr. Feldman,Paragraph 1: Overview (Article title, type, design, major finding)“We are pleased to submit our manuscript entitled: “XXX”, for consideration as a [journal article type – for instance, original article or systematic review]. [Include one sentence on study design, where relevant. Example follows]. “This study is a retrospective cohort study, comparing X outcomes of Y patients from Z health systems, from 19XX to 20XX. We found/illustrate [major finding or conclusion].”Paragraph 2: Context: Some authors will not need this paragraph.Ask yourself, what information would aid the editors in their decision-making process? Are there contextual factors that might inform the editors? Items for this paragraph might include potential conflicts, concurrent submissions from the same dataset, interestedgroups/history, and what this manuscript contributes to the field beyond work published, submitted, or in preparation by your group.Examples:∙Manuscripts from the same data set being submitted somewhere else, or you are planning to submit a related article elsewhere (all media types). This helps us think about your study in context.“This manuscript is one of three papers describing the major findings of our study on XXXX outcomes in HIV populations. One paper on biologic outcomes XXX is under review at XXX journal, while another qualitative paper describing the experience of men and women undergoing XXX treat ment is under preparation for submission to XXX. The XXX funder’s website has published an abstract with preliminary data from our annual report.”∙How work was developed (i.e. an organization encouraged project for a specific purpose].“This secondary data analysis is culled from a prior study of quality of XXX care [reference] . . . and was triggered by work I had done for the Department of Health. They wanted to put navigators in place to reduce delays in XXX process in state hospitals but had no recent data about actual times to treatment. When we looked at our data, we were surprised to find that women with Medicaid did not receive worse care than women with commercial or Medicare insurance...”Appendices that you have included for online publication only.“Given space restrictions, we have included our survey instruments and an extended set of blinded qualitative comments for inclusion as online appendices. Additionally, I’m enclosing a multi-media DVD that can be uploaded to the publisher’s website. The login and password for this curriculum are….”Paragraph 3: ImportanceWhy should this manuscript be published in ***? Why will our readers be interested? What is the potential impac t of your work (don’t overstate it)? What is the unique contribution of your work to what is known about this topic? This should be 1-4 sentences. All authors should include this information.Paragraph 4: Current submission and prior presentation disclosure“This manuscript has not been previously published and is not under consideration in the same or substantially similar form in any other peer-reviewed media.” If relevant: “We presented an earlier version of the manuscript as a poster/plenary/workshop at the [conference name] in [location], in 20XX.”Paragraph 5: Authorship and conflictsAcknowledge authorship and conflicts appropriately. From the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (): Authorship credit should be based on 1) substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; 2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; and 3) final approval of the version to be published. Authors should meet conditions 1, 2, and 3.“All authors listed have contributed sufficiently to the project to be included as authors, and all those who are qualified to be authors are listed in the author byline. To the best of our knowledge, no conflict of interest, financial or other, exists. We have included acknowledgements, conflicts of interest, and funding sources after the discussion. [Where relevant, include your NIH study registry number.] Our NIH study registry number is XXX.”Sincerely,Corresponding authorContact information (title, group affiliation, physical address, email, phone, fax) Back-up contact (name, phone, email)Dear3.2Write a cover letter to reply to letter 2.3.3You submitted your paper "A NOVEL ROOT-END FILLING MATERIALBASED ON HYDROXYAPATITE, TETRACALCIUM PHOSPHATE AND POLYACRYLIC ACID "(ID: IEJ-12-00123) 2 month ago, but the status has been "with editor" for 1 month. Write an inquiry letter of the review.4.Final ChecklistThis checklist is for you to make sure that you are ready to submit the paper or make the revision. Tick the item if it is done.1 Does your submission cover letter include author information,declaration, and paper title?2 Is your research focus highlighted?3 Is your paper enclosed in the E-mail?4 Are you polite in cover letter writing?5 Do you understand the editor's decision?6 Do you understand details of reviewers' suggestions?7 Do you make point-to-point revision to your paper?8 Are you polite in response to the reviewer's comments, even if you donot agree with them?。
英语学术写作_Unit 10 Lessons Learned Final Thought
1. Conventional structure Introduction
Central report section
Literature Review Methodology Results
Discussion/Conclusion
The structure of a research article will be quite similar
You need to take care to accumulate the vocabulary from now on.
4
2.2 A few other linguistic features
Academic writing is formal.
avoid contractions
don’t → do not
APA style
The APA style is appropriate for papers in the social sciences. You need to take care to accumulate the vocabulary from now on.
9
Use in addition and besides to show additional information. Use on the other hand, however, and whereas to show contrast. Use consequently, therefore, and hence to show cause and effect. Use for example and for instance to show exemplification.
into her book.
学术英语考试重点(重要)
参考复习要点：根据考试题型结合每个unit后面相应的练习有重点的复习。
比如说前面几个单元语言基础知识的练习比较多，有formal 和informal words 的区别，动词的名词化在学术英语写作中的应用，有翻译练习，有体现如何正确应用表示因果关系的填空题等。
配对会考原题，注意时态翻译。
后面几个单元有语言知识外，介绍了如何写summary 和paraphrase以及他们的区别。
在论文结构的写作上，除了应掌握每部分所包括的要素外，最后作文是conclusion 或abstract。
要掌握它们所包括的要素或内容和正确的写法。
unit 9 的reference 主要通过书上练习答案了解和掌握science style 和MLA style 在文献引用特别是文献参考目录中格式上或写法上的不同。
unit 10 主要是要学会怎么写投稿信（cover letter), 掌握它的格式和所包括的内容，背诵书上cover letter p122。
unit 5 reporting results 这个单元中根据图表进行描写来总结汇报结果，有可能选选一篇合适的Sample抽掉词让你们选择填空。
看一看每个单元的language focus和passage reading。
重点章节：2、4、74页的2Language Focus2.1.1标一下T，应该是配对题17页2.2.128页3.239页1.3.141页那个表格43页的翻译44页3.3reordering句子48页4.254页2.1开头两段和底下那个表58页上面那个表60页两个图表下面的那两段71页Emphasising cause 前两个80页1.2，注明要素84页3.186页3.4 说是题型，没有说是不是原题93页1.2注明keywords100页3.2注明Abstract语法要素，informative abstract和abstract structure相互转换115页Language Focus123页上面那个带圈的123456，注明要素排序。
高考英语 unit 10 American literature复习教案 新人教版
American literatureTeaching aims:
Make the students make full of the materials in the textbooks. Improve the student’s reading ability and the ability to appreciate literature. Analyze the writing style of the story and have a good knowledge of the main characters’ feelings. Teach the students how to write a summary Teaching important points: Find out time, place, characters, event, reason, plot and end of the story. Improve the student’s reading ability and the ability to appreciate literature. Teach the students how to write a summary. Teaching difficult points: Improve the student’s reading ability and the ability to appreciate literature. Make full of the material in the textbooks Brief Introduction The major themes in the literature of a country reflect important events or periods in the history of that country. Take American Literature for an example, it is mainly about native Americans, slavery, the Civil War, The Independent War, the Westward Movement and the relations between America and Europe. What’s more, most of us have read some famous novels or stories by American writers, such as Mark Twin, Ernest Hemingway , O Henry and so on. Today, we are going to learn O. Henry and his works. Teaching steps: I. Introduction of O. Henry (Page87 Ex2) Complete the following passage with verbs given, using their proper form. Best noted for his short stories with surprising endings, O Henry is the pen name American writers in the twentieth century. Born in 1862, he was brought up and educated by his aunt who ran a private school. Growing up, young William held various jobs: working for a drug store, a bank and a newspaper. In 1898, he was accused of having taken money from the bank where he once worked. He spent five years in prison, where he wrote a dozen of stories to earn money for his daughter. After he was set free, he settled in New York City, and successfully published many short stories. He gained immediate and lasting fame in the final decade before his death in 1910. O Henry has contributed to American literature with great stories such as The Four Million, The Voice and the City and Cabbages and Kings, the Cop and Anthem and The Gift for the Magi. Then do you know how O. Henry finished writing The Gift for the Magi? Please turn to Page86. II. Writing Anecdote Complete the following passage with words from the box, using their proper form. In many cases, funny little stories can be told about the way in which great works of art came into being. Just so, there is an amusing anecdote to tell about one of O Henry’s most famous stories. O Henry was known to attend to all kinds of business, except what was really important. As a result, he often failed to finish his work on time. One year, as the deadline for the Christmas edition was approaching, his editor got anxious fearing that O Henry would let him down. On the final day before it was to be published, he visited the writer’s house desperate to hear when O Henry could finish the story that he had promised to write. Asked about the story, O Henry told him, “on the bed, a man and a girl are sitting side by side. They are talking about Christmas. The man has a watch chain in his hand. The girl has beautiful long hair, which hangs around his shoulders and her back, almost like a garment. That’s all I can think of now, bur the story is coming.” While the editor waited on O Henry’s shabby sofa in the living room, he wrote the story in less than three hours. Because of its surprise ending, it became one of the most loved American short stories of all times. This is the story The Gift for the Magi. Now, today we’re going to read the story A Sacrifice For Love adapted from The Gift for the Magi. It is made up of two parts. We read the story as a whole. III. Skimming Please skim the passage to answer the two questions below. 1. Do you know what type of literature the story belongs to? 2. Can you tell me what you should pay attention to when reading it? Time: the day before Christmas Place: in a yard in New York Main characters: Della and Jim, a poor couple Problems: Della and Jim want to buy each other Christmas presents Della sells her beautiful long hair for 20 dollars, with which she buys a gold watch chain for Jim. Solutions: Jim sells his gold watch and buys a set of combs for Della. Ending: They both sell their valuable things for the gift to the other but both of the gifts don’t any use more, but they gain real love. Outset (para1-3) Della counted 1.87 dollars and wept because she had little money to buy a Christmas present. Rising action (paras4-9 & paras1-2) After having a metal struggle, Della sold her beautiful long hair to buy Jim a gold watch chain; On arrival home, she was on tenterhooks again, worrying about that Jim wouldn’t love her any more. Climax (paras3-6) When Jim saw his wife wearing tiny curls on her head, he stared at her with a strange expression on his face. This is because he bought the set of beautiful combs that Della had been longing for, but that her hair was gone. Outcome (paras7-9) The two beautiful presents don’t have any use more, because of losing their two valuable possessions.
学术英语(医学)_Unit 10
Unit 10 Health Care System
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
Useful expressions
•The American medical system is highly fragmented. •Americans are more comfortable with fragmentation than other nationalities. •Even Americans who are covered think the U.S. medical system is broken. •The majority of them want to tear it up and start over. •As a nation, we are suspicious about a “single” anything – like a single-payer system for health insurance.
3. What is the major cause of the problem discussed in the talk?
the rising number of uninsured citizens in America
Unit 10 Health Care System
•
Text A
Critical reading and thinking – Topics for presentation – Useful expressions – Difficult sentences
Text A
Critical reading and thinking
Topics for presentation