Japanese culture and Western cultural differences
日本文化传统英文介绍
日本文化传统英文介绍Title: Introduction to Traditional Japanese Culture。
Japan is a country known for its rich and diverse cultural traditions that have been passed down through generations. From the elegant art of tea ceremonies to the graceful movements of traditional dance, Japanese culture is a reflection of the country's long and storied history.One of the most well-known aspects of Japanese culture is the practice of tea ceremonies, which dates back to the 9th century. The art of the tea ceremony, known as "sadō" or "chadō," is a highly ritualized and meditative practice that involves the preparation and consumption of matcha, a powdered green tea. The ceremony is often conducted in a traditional tea house, where guests are invited to partake in the serene and contemplative experience.Another important aspect of Japanese culture is the traditional performing arts, such as Noh and Kabuki theater, as well as the elegant art of traditional dance. Noh theater, which originated in the 14th century, is characterized by its slow and stylized movements, elaborate costumes, and hauntingly beautiful music. Kabuki theater, on the other hand, is known for its vibrant costumes, exaggerated makeup, and dynamic performances. Traditional Japanese dance, or "nihon buyō," is a graceful and expressive art form that often tells stories through movement and music.Japanese culture also has a strong connection to nature, as seen in the practice of "ikebana" or traditional flower arranging. Ikebana is a disciplined art form that emphasizes balance, harmony, and simplicity, and is often used as a means of meditation and contemplation. Additionally, the art of "bonsai," or the cultivation of miniature trees, is another example of Japan's reverence for nature and the natural world.In addition to these traditional arts, Japanese culture also places a strong emphasis on traditional crafts such as pottery, calligraphy, and paper-making. These crafts are oftenpassed down through families and communities, and are valued for their beauty, precision, and connection to the past.Overall, traditional Japanese culture is a reflection of the country's deep respect for history, nature, and the arts. From the serene beauty of tea ceremonies to the vibrant performances of traditional theater, Japan's cultural traditions continue to inspire and captivate people around the world.。
尊重中西方社交方面的差异英语作文
尊重中西方社交方面的差异英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Respecting Cultural Differences in Social EtiquetteHave you ever felt confused or awkward when visiting a friend's house because their family does things differently than yours? Maybe they took off their shoes at the door, or they ate with different utensils. These are examples of cultural differences in social etiquette - the expected polite behaviors and norms around socializing and interacting with others.In my diverse city, I have friends from many different cultural backgrounds. Some of their families are from Eastern cultures like China, Japan, or India. Others have Western cultural roots tracing back to Europe or North America. I've learned that there are quite a few interesting differences in social etiquette between Eastern and Western cultures. It's important to respect these differences rather than judge them as weird or wrong.One big difference is greetings. In many Western cultures, it is normal to greet someone with a hug, handshake or pat on the back, even if you don't know them very well. But in many Easterncultures, touching is much more limited. People greet each other with a polite bow or putting palms together in a prayer-like gesture. My Indian friend Riya's parents don't really hug or touch others outside the family. At first I thought it was rude when they didn't hug me, but then I learned it's just their cultural way of showing respect.Eating customs are another area with lots of cultural variation. In Western cultures, it's common to use a fork, knife and spoon. But many Eastern cuisines are meant to be eaten with chopsticks or with your hands. My Japanese friend Hiroshi's mom pre-chewed his little sister's food for her when she was a baby - which seems weird to me but is normal in Japan. We have to be careful about slurping noodles loudly or sticking our chopsticks straight up in our rice, because those things are impolite in Eastern cultures.One clear difference is when it comes to taking your shoes off. In North America, we usually keep our shoes on inside. But in many Eastern homes, you have to remove your shoes right when you enter. That's because their homes have floors you can sit on, so they want to keep them very clean. The first time I went to my Pakistani friend Layla's house, I accidentally walked all the way inside with my muddy sneakers on before her mom rushed overand told me to take them off! I felt so embarrassed but now I know better.There are also some differences around things like eye contact, personal space, and punctuality. In Western cultures, it's considered polite to make eye contact when someone is speaking to you. You're supposed to stand about an arm's length away to respect personal space. And you really need to be on time for things - being even 15 minutes late is rude. But in many Eastern cultures, constant eye contact can be considered disrespectful, especially with elders. Standing very close is normal. And being "fashionably late" to events is acceptable.At first, I found all these cultural differences really weird and confusing. A few times, I accidentally did something impolite at a friend's house without realizing it, which was embarrassing. But the more I learn about other cultures, the more I understand that there's no universal way of deciding what behaviors are "right." We just have different social norms and expectations.If someone grows up doing things one way, of course that will seem normal and natural to them. It doesn't mean other cultural practices are bad or wrong, it's just different. The polite and respectful thing is to learn about other cultures and do our best to follow their etiquette when visiting them. That's why Ialways try to ask my friends to explain any traditions or customs I'm not familiar with. I never want to offend someone by doing something rude in their culture just because I didn't understand the etiquette.I'm lucky because many of my teachers celebrate cultural diversity. They teach us that having friends from different backgrounds is a gift because it exposes us to new traditions, foods, languages and ways of seeing the world. I love learning about my friends' cultures. In return, I try to explain my own cultural etiquette to them so we can understand each other better.Recently, I had my Indian friend Amit over for a sleepover. I made sure to explain to him some American customs in advance, like how we take our shoes off only at the door to the bedroom, not the front door. I told him that burping after eating is impolite here. And I reminded him that keeping a little personal space is expected - we don't stand or sit right next to someone unless we know them very well.Amit was very polite and followed the etiquette I explained. And I made sure to be respectful of Indian customs as well. I turned off my TV when his parents called so I wouldn't be rude while he was on the phone. I didn't point my feet toward anyonesince that's considered offensive in India. And when his mom sent some food for me, I used my hands to eat it in the traditional Indian way rather than utensils.Being respectful of cultural differences in social etiquette isn't that hard if you make an effort. The key is to go in with an open mind, not judge other cultures just because they're different from yours, and ask questions so you can learn the appropriate way to behave. A simple "I'm not sure about this custom, could you explain it to me?" can go a long way. Then you can return the favor by explaining your own cultural etiquette when they visit you.The world is such an amazing place, full of diverse cultural traditions around socializing and etiquette. Instead of thinking one way is "right" and other ways are "weird," it's way more fun and interesting to embrace the differences. Having friends from all over helps me keep learning new things every day. I'm really looking forward to a life full of exploring the incredible variety of cultural traditions around the world!篇2Respecting Different Social Customs Around the WorldHi there! My name is Sophie and I'm 10 years old. Today I want to talk to you about something really important - respecting the different ways that people socialize and interact in different cultures around the world.You see, I recently had a bit of an embarrassing experience that taught me a valuable lesson. My family hosted a visiting student from China named Liyuan who was staying with us for a few weeks as part of a cultural exchange program. On the first day Liyuan arrived, I got really excited and gave her a big hug when I met her. But Liyuan looked pretty uncomfortable and didn't hug me back. I felt kind of awkward and worried that I had offended her somehow.Later on, my mom explained to me that in many Asian cultures, it is not customary to hug people you just met, even friends. Physical touching is considered more intimate and reserved just for very close family members. Liyuan wasn't being rude at all - she was simply following the social norms and boundaries for personal space that are typical in her culture. Once I understood this difference, I was able to avoid making Liyuan feel awkward again.That experience really opened my eyes to how something as simple as a greeting can mean very different things in differentcultures. It made me realize that we need to be aware of and respectful toward other cultures' customs and traditions, especially when it comes to social interactions.For example, some other interesting differences I've learned about include:In many Western countries like the United States, looking someone directly in the eyes during conversation is considered a sign of confidence and engagement. But in other cultures, avoiding direct eye contact is a way of showing respect, especially toward elders.While a firm handshake is the common greeting in places like Europe and North America, other cultures may avoid handshakes altogether or have alternative greeting gestures like bowing or pressing palms together.Personal space "bubbles" can vary a lot too. Cultures like those in Scandinavia and the UK tend to keep more physical distance during conversations, while other cultures like those in Southern Europe, Latin America or the Middle East have smaller personal space bubbles.Different cultures also place varying levels of importance on concepts like being perfectly on time versus operating on a bitmore flexible schedule. My friend Aisha who is from Egypt says her family refers to being "in-sha'allah time" which basically means "if God wills it, we'll be on time!"There are so many fascinating examples of cultural differences in social norms and etiquette. The key thing to understand is that none of them are right or wrong - they are just different. It would be easy to judge other cultures' customs as rude or strange if we only think about them through the lens of our own cultural expectations. But if we take a step back and keep an open mind, we can avoid those kinds of misunderstandings and judgments.Instead, I think it's important for all of us to make an effort to learn about different cultures and be respectful of how other people socialize based on their customs and backgrounds. If we can do that, it opens up amazing opportunities to connect with new people, share rich cultural experiences, and broaden our own perspectives.When I think about my embarrassing hug incident with Liyuan, I realize that if I had been judgmental about her discomfort with hugging, I might have hurt her feelings and missed out on a great opportunity to learn about her culture. But because we both had open minds and made an effort tounderstand each other, Liyuan and I were able to move past that awkward first encounter. We ended up becoming great friends and teaching each other so many interesting things about our cultures over her stay with us.Ultimately, respecting social differences comes down to keeping an open mind, being thoughtful about other perspectives, and making sure we don't judge others' customs just because they are different from what we're used to. It's okay if something seems unusual at first - that's normal when you experience a new culture. The important thing is to approach it with patience, respect and curiosity.So next time you interact with someone from another country or cultural background, don't be afraid to ask questions politely if you're unsure about certain customs or norms. Be observant of social cues, and don't be judgmental if people act in ways that seem strange to you at first. Keep an open mind, adapt your own behaviors if needed to make others comfortable, and look for opportunities to learn about the wonderful diversity of social traditions around the world. A little understanding can go a long way toward bridging cultural gaps and forging new connections with amazing people you may never have gotten to know otherwise.I feel so fortunate that my cultural exchange experience with Liyuan helped me understand the importance of this lesson at a young age. If we can all develop this kind of respect and appreciation for cultural diversity from an early age, just imagine how much richer all of our experiences will be as we interact with the global community around us. I'm excited to keep learning about new cultures and ways of socializing as I grow up. Staying curious and open-minded to different perspectives is going to make my world that much bigger and more interesting!篇3Respecting Cultural Differences in Social MannersHi there! My name is Jamie and I'm 10 years old. Today, I want to talk about some of the interesting differences I've noticed between how people socialize and interact in Western countries like the United States compared to Eastern countries like China. It's really cool how cultures can have such different customs and ways of doing things!One big difference is greetings. In the West, it's normal to greet someone by shaking their hand firmly, looking them in the eye, and saying "Hi, my name is..." In many Asian cultures though, a handshake is too direct. Instead, people might bow slightly ornod their head as a greeting. In Japan, they even have different bows for different situations - a small nod for casual greetings and a deeper bow to show more respect.Eye contact is another thing that varies. In Western cultures, keeping eye contact shows you are listening and interested. But in many Eastern cultures, constant eye contact, especially with elders or authority figures, is considered rude or disrespectful. Kids are taught to look down sometimes as a sign of giving respect.Personal space bubbles are also different sizes in the East and West! In the United States and Europe, people like to keep about an arm's length of personal space. But in many Asian countries, it's normal for people to stand quite close together when talking, since their personal space bubbles are smaller.Giving and receiving things with two hands is important in many Asian cultures to show politeness and respect. Like if someone hands me a book or present, I should use both my hands to accept it. But in Western culture, it's totally normal to just take things with one hand.How people show affection also differs. In America and Europe, hugging friends or giving a kiss on the cheek is really common. But in many Asian societies, public displays of affectionlike hugging or kissing are seen as embarrassing or inappropriate, even among friends.Using names is another interesting one. In English, we just call people by their first name, even when talking to elders or people in authority. But in languages like Chinese, Japanese and Korean, there are specific titles you use with people's surnames based on their age and status. It's disrespectful for kids to just call adults by their first names.Some differences are about eating too. Like in France and Italy, it's perfectly normal to eat with your mouth open a little since that's how you can smell and taste the flavors better. But in many Asian countries, that's considered very rude - you should keep your mouth closed while chewing. Burping and slurping foods are also no-nos in Eastern dining etiquette.There are so many other examples, like how giving and receiving things in Eastern cultures usually involves using both hands to show respect. Or how in the West, we celebrate individual achievement and it's okay to boast a bit. But in group-oriented Eastern societies, valuing humility and modesty is more important.I find all these cultural differences super fascinating! To me, it just shows that there are many different right ways to actpolitely and respectfully. What's considered bad manners in one culture might be totally normal in another.The most important thing is to learn about different cultural norms and show respect for them. When I'm interacting with people from Eastern backgrounds, I try to be mindful of using titles, giving things with two hands, and leaving extra personal space. And I really appreciate when my friends from Asian cultures teach me about their customs too.At the end of the day, manners and social etiquette are all about making others feel comfortable and respected. The specific ways we do that might look a bit different across cultures. But having an open mind, being adaptive, and making an effort to understand each other's ways - that's what really matters. Our world is such a beautifully diverse place! Learning about all the unique cultural traditions out there helps me appreciate just how vibrant and special human society really is.。
日本传统文化英文作文
日本传统文化英文作文Traditional Japanese Culture。
Japan is a country that has a rich and diverse cultural heritage. Its traditional culture is a reflection of its long history and unique geography. From the tea ceremony to the art of flower arrangement, Japan's traditional culture is a testament to the country's deep appreciation for beauty, simplicity, and harmony.One of the most well-known aspects of Japanese culture is the tea ceremony. This traditional ritual involves the preparation and serving of matcha, a powdered green tea. The tea ceremony is a symbol of hospitality, respect, and harmony, and it is often performed in a specially designed tea room. The ceremony involves a series of precise movements and gestures, and it is said to have a calming and meditative effect on both the host and the guests.Another important aspect of Japanese culture is the artof flower arrangement, or ikebana. Ikebana is a form of art that emphasizes the beauty of simplicity. It involves the arrangement of flowers, leaves, and other natural materials in a way that creates a harmonious and balanced composition. Ikebana is often used in traditional Japanese homes and temples as a way to create a peaceful and serene atmosphere.In addition to the tea ceremony and ikebana, Japan's traditional culture also includes a variety of other art forms, such as calligraphy, painting, and pottery. Calligraphy, or shodo, is the art of writing Japanese characters with a brush and ink. It is considered a form of meditation and is often used as a way to express one's emotions and thoughts. Painting, or sumi-e, is a form ofink wash painting that emphasizes the beauty of simplicity and the natural world. Pottery, or yakimono, is a form of ceramic art that has a long history in Japan and is knownfor its delicate beauty and functionality.Overall, Japan's traditional culture is a reflection of its deep appreciation for beauty, simplicity, and harmony. From the tea ceremony to the art of flower arrangement,these traditional practices have been passed down from generation to generation and continue to be an important part of Japanese life today.。
介绍日本的英语作文初二
介绍日本的英语作文初二Japan, an island country located in East Asia, is home to a rich cultural heritage and diverse traditions that have fascinated the world for centuries. Its history, people, food, art, and technology all contribute to its unique identity and status as a leading nation in the global community.**History and People**Japan's history spans over two thousand years, with a blend of traditional and modern elements. The Japanese people, known for their politeness and respect for others, are proud of their heritage and culture. They value hard work, discipline, and loyalty, which are reflected in their daily lives and work ethic.**Food**Japanese cuisine is renowned worldwide for its freshness, variety, and presentation. From sushi and ramen to tempura and izakaya, Japanese food offers a taste of the country's rich history and culture. The Japanese also valuethe importance of seasonal eating, incorporatingingredients that are in season and locally sourced.**Art and Culture**Japan is famous for its art and culture, which includes traditional forms like tea ceremony, flower arrangement, calligraphy, and more. These practices are not just hobbies but are seen as important aspects of Japanese life,reflecting their respect for nature and appreciation for beauty. Modern Japanese culture, on the other hand, is a blend of traditional and Western influences, with popular culture like anime, manga, and music gaining popularity worldwide.**Technology**Japan is a leading nation in technology, with advancements in fields like robotics, automotive, and electronics. Companies like Toyota, Sony, and Nintendo have become household names worldwide, thanks to theirinnovative products and cutting-edge technology. The Japanese people's focus on precision, quality, andefficiency is reflected in their technological advancements.**Conclusion**Japan is a fascinating country with a unique culture and tradition that continues to captivate the world. Its history, people, food, art, and technology all contribute to its rich identity and status as a leading nation. From its ancient temples and shrines to its modern skyscrapers and cutting-edge technology, Japan offers a blend of old and new that is truly captivating.**日本：一个拥有独特文化和传统的迷人国度**日本，这个位于东亚的岛国，拥有丰富的文化遗产和多样的传统，几百年来一直令世界着迷。
第三版高英bookI-lesson-2--Hiroshima课后练习答案
2. ... the strange emotion which had overwhelmed me at the stationreturned... (L. 2 , Para. 9 )
3. ... I was again crushed by the thought that I now stood on the site of the first atomic bombardment... (L. 3 , Para. 9 )
Key to Exercises of The liveliest __Hiroshima
II.B. Questions on Struture and Style(p.33)
B. 1 • No. The writer takes the changes of his
thoughts and feelings as the order of the whole text.
4. inhibited (L . 4 , Para. 20 )
5. agitated ( L. 2 , Para .16)
中国文化和日本文化的差异英文作文
中国文化和日本文化的差异英文作文Differences Between Chinese Culture and Japanese CultureIntroductionChina and Japan are both East Asian countries with rich and vibrant cultural traditions. Despite some similarities, there are also significant differences between the two cultures that have developed over centuries of history. In this essay, we will explore some of the key differences in Chinese and Japanese culture.1. Language and WritingOne of the most obvious differences between Chinese and Japanese culture is the language and writing systems. Chinese uses characters that represent meanings rather than sounds, while Japanese uses a combination of Chinese characters (kanji) and two syllabic scripts (hiragana and katakana). This difference in writing systems has led to significant variations in literature, calligraphy, and linguistic traditions between the two countries.2. ReligionAnother key difference between Chinese and Japanese culture is in the realm of religion. China has been influenced by a mix of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism, while Japan has astrong tradition of Shintoism as well as Buddhism. These religious beliefs have shaped various aspects of culture, including art, architecture, festivals, and rituals.3. Art and AestheticsChinese and Japanese art have distinct styles and themes. Chinese art often features bold colors and brush strokes, focusing on natural landscapes, calligraphy, and traditional Chinese motifs. Japanese art, on the other hand, tends to showcase subtle and delicate patterns, with an emphasis on simplicity, harmony, and attention to detail.4. CuisineChinese and Japanese cuisine are both renowned for their diverse and flavorful dishes, but there are notable differences in ingredients, flavors, and cooking techniques. Chinese food often includes bold and spicy flavors, while Japanese cuisine emphasizes fresh, seasonal ingredients and meticulous presentation. Popular dishes like dim sum and Peking duck are distinctly Chinese, while sushi and tempura are well-known Japanese delicacies.5. Social CustomsSocial customs and etiquette vary between Chinese and Japanese culture. In China, hierarchical relationships are important, and respect for elders and authority figures is emphasized. In Japan, there is a strong emphasis on politeness, etiquette, and harmony in interpersonal interactions. Bowing is a common greeting in Japan, while handshakes are more common in China.6. Fashion and Traditional AttireChinese and Japanese traditional clothing reflects the history and values of each culture. Chinese traditional attire includes the qipao and cheongsam, featuring vibrant colors and intricate embroidery. Japanese traditional clothing like the kimono and yukata are known for their simple and elegant designs, often made from silk or cotton fabrics.ConclusionIn conclusion, Chinese and Japanese culture share some similarities, but there are also significant differences in language, religion, art, cuisine, social customs, and fashion. These cultural distinctions enrich the diversity and heritage of East Asia, reflecting the unique histories, values, and traditions of both countries. By understanding and appreciating these differences,we can foster greater cultural awareness and cross-cultural dialogue between China and Japan.。
日本的文化英语作文
日本的文化英语作文Japanese culture is a fascinating mosaic of ancient traditions and modern innovations. It is a reflection of the Japanese people's deep respect for their heritage and their embrace of new ideas. From its rich artistic heritage to its unique social customs, Japanese culture is deeply rooted in the values of harmony, respect, and perseverance.One of the most striking aspects of Japanese culture is its traditional arts. These include practices such as calligraphy, painting, pottery, and origami. Calligraphy, known as shodo in Japan, is not only a form of artistic expression but also a means of practicing discipline and focus. Japanese painting, with its delicate brushstrokes and use of natural motifs, showcases the country's appreciation for the beauty of nature. Pottery, particularly the kiln techniques used in regions like Arita and Seto, has a long history and is cherished for its beauty and functionality. Origami, the art of folding paper, is both a traditional pastime and a significant part of Japanese cultural events.Japanese cuisine, known as washoku, is world-renowned for its delicate flavors, intricate presentation, and emphasis on seasonal ingredients. Dishes such as sushi, tempura, and ramen have gained global popularity, reflecting the influence of Japanese cuisine on world food cultures. The art of tea ceremony, orchanoyu, is another important aspect of Japanese culture, symbolizing harmony, respect, and tranquility.Social customs in Japan are characterized by a strong sense of etiquette and respect. The concept of omotenashi, or hospitality, is deeply ingrained in Japanese society. This is evident in the attention to detail in service industries, the importance of gift-giving, and the practice of bowing as a form of greeting. The Japanese people's respect for elders and their commitment to maintaining harmony in social interactions are also notable aspects of Japanese culture.In recent years, Japanese culture has also influenced global trends in fashion, animation, and technology. Japanese street fashion, with its bold andinnovative styles, has captured the imagination of fashion enthusiasts worldwide. Anime and manga, Japanese forms of graphic storytelling, have become global phenomena, introducing Japanese cultural elements to audiences far and wide.In conclusion, Japanese culture is a unique blend of tradition and modernity. Its rich heritage and innovative practices continue to inspire and captivate people around the world. The Japanese people's dedication to preserving their cultural traditions while embracing new ideas is a testament to the dynamic and fascinating nature of Japanese culture.中文翻译：日本文化是一幅由古老传统和现代创新构成的迷人马赛克。
英语八年级下册Unit3单元测试答案
英语八年级下册Unit3单元测试答案八年级英语单元考试的时候，不管试题有多难，我们都应该竭尽全力，认真做题。
下面小编给大家分享一些英语八年级下册Unit3单元测试，大家快来跟小编一起看看吧。
英语八年级下册Unit3单元测试题一、听力(听力)(共20小题;共20分)(略)二、单项选择(共10小题;共10分)21. --- Why don't you leave school? It's already eight o'clock.--- Because I my homework yet.A. don't finishB. wasn't finishingC. won't finishD. haven't finished22. --- Have you ever my stamps?--- Yes, I them on your desk yesterday.A. saw; sawB. seen; sawC. saw; seenD. seen; was seeing23. --- I can't find T ed for three days. Where is he?--- He Beijing for a meeting.A. has been toB. has gone toC. have been toD. have gone to24. --- How many times Carl to the Great Wall?--- Only once.A. does; goB. did; goC. has; goneD. has; been25. --- These farmers have been to the United States.--- Really? When there?A. will they goB. did they goC. do they goD. have they gone26. Did you know that the Garth is home to animals?A. millionB. millionsC. million ofD. millions of27. --- I'm looking forward to my parents soon. What about you ?--- Me too.A. seeingB. seeC. saw28. My parents and teachers always me progress. So I have to work hard.A. hope; to makeB. wish; makeC. expect; makeD. expect; to make29. --- How many books are there in your school library?--- Nearly five thousand.A. AboutB. More thanC. OverD. More30. These photos me the old days when I was young.A. let; thinkB. make; thinkC. remind; toD. remind; of三、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)(共10小题;共10分)31. --- There is a maths exam tomorrow. I hope I can pass(通过) it.--- Good l to you!32. I hope everyone in the world can live with each other in p .33. Peter failed the exam once again. He's very sad. Let's c him up.34. Look at the sun! It is big and b in the sky.35. We need 3 k to cut the birthday cake.36. --- How much sugar should I put into your coffee?--- Two s .37. Everyone e her to pass the exam, but she didn't in the end.38. Microwave ovens can be used for h food.39. The little girl looked very w because she lost her way.40. The food in the hotel is a .四、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)(共10小题;共10分)41. Danny is telling the class some (事实) about his family.42. If you are (担忧) about exams, you should talk to your teacher.43. I like to eat these apples. They are very (甜的).44. We e (期待) to learn a lot from the new teacher.45. Her (声音) sounds really beautiful on the phone.46. Last night he had a(n) (可怕的) dream, and he couldn't sleep well all the night.47. We are going to the country to escape the summer (热量).48. Little Mike can't use chopsticks, and he only eats with a (匙).49. We are going to have a (野餐) this weekend.50. Justin lay back and enjoyed the (安宁) of the summer evening.五、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)(共5小题;共10分)51. 我还没有去过长城。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
T
he Japanese special discipline, society-mindedness. Life consciously
queued, no litter is at the very least, of which 18 years have lost almost anything, as long as you remember things forgotten place, almost all can find it. The reason, the Japanese are not disruptive, not passing? this to their culture — shame culture. It should be said that the Japanese were particularly afraid of infamy, particularly afraid of his gaffe behavior be jokes from the collective, this is not easily doing bad things in the most basic complex.
Ruth Benedict (Benedict1887-1978) was regarded as cultural anthropology in cultural patterns on the school's founder, she starred in the study of Japanese culture ' chrysanthemum and the sword "shows her on cultural studies in the psychology of personality and unique perspective, this level of first of all because of her own as a Western scholar on Japanese society and Japanese research feel strong cultural differences, on feelings of this diversity is not the primary surface now Japan's political and social and economic structure, and is widely used in the Japanese behavior behind the intense psychological feeling and internal conflicts. Japanese special sexual behavior is to have a reflexive opposition, such as Sean and militaristic, serenity and with intense, tame and stubborn, loyal to rebel, innovation and stubborn, and so on, this opposition mainly by emotional factors and receptivity to dominance, Benedict put this emotional elements of motive power of cultural forms, called shame culture, and culture of Western guilt.
Shame and guilt of difference if just affective or moral sense, does not fully represent the dynamic characteristics of Japanese culture, this is Japan's shame culture by a complex of the force, and this has become a prevalent subconscious, Japanese culture of shame is ubiquitous society receptivity and external compulsory public opinion through individual psychological implementation of social
psychology of the unconscious, actually Western culture is not tied to the appropriate culture of Benedict said Western culture "guilty" only refers to Western religious cultural correspondent, only in Western religious consciousness is the corresponding guilty, but they are not the same.
The crime of Western culture is derived from Christ culture, Christian think because in the garden of Eden in Adam and Eve to the forbidden fruit, so people are born with sin, only through non-stop confessional, soul to get clean, dead into heaven. This saying "Atonement".
Japanese culture is the culture of shame, a Japanese national treasure is the spirit of Bushido, the Samurai's body to seek death! "means, if you want to live and die by their words, as a true samurai will really hesitant, in the face of death, actively to seeking a die attitude to death. On the warrior who, on the life of excellence is the most shameful thing, too hard. Japanese culture is a culture of responsibility, an irresponsible people, is the most shameful, is unable to live in the world. So many of the Japanese, in their own no duty, often at the heart of pressure driven by committed suicide. Japanese cherry blossom is the national flower, Cherry is a short-lived American, Japanese apology by suicide to physical death to gain the spirit of eternal life.。