15 Payload meter
第五章集装箱运输管理实务
第五章集装箱运输管理实务第一节集装箱基本知识一、集装箱概念集装箱又称“货柜”或“货箱”，其英文为Container，按应为的字面含义理解是“容器”，但并非所有的容器均可称作集装箱。
国际标准化组织(ISO)根据保证集装箱在装卸、堆放和运输夅的安全需要，在货物集装箱的定义中，提出了作为一种运输工具的货物集装箱所应具备的基本条件，即只有具备装卸条件的“容器”才可称作集装箱。
这些基本条件是：1、具有足够的强度，可长期反复使用。
2、装有便于装卸和搬运到装置，特别是便于从一种运输工具换装到另一种运输工具。
3、便于货物的装满和卸空。
4、适于一种或多种运输方式运送货物，无需中途换装。
5、内容积为1立方米或1立方米以上。
二、集装箱主要技术参数1、集装箱外部尺寸集装箱外部尺寸是指包括集装箱永久性附件在内的集装箱外部最大的长、宽、高尺寸。
它是评价集装箱能否在船舶、底盘车、货车、铁路车辆之间进行换装的主要指标，是各运输部门必须掌握的一项重要数据。
2、集装箱内部尺寸集装箱内部尺寸是指集装箱内部的最大长、宽、高尺寸。
它决定集装箱内容积和箱内货物的最大尺寸，具体数据见下表。
注：1.表中L表示长度（length），W表示宽度（width），H表示高度（height）。
2.表中“规格”指货柜的长度。
3.ft示foot或feet（英尺），1ft=0.3048m=30.48cm。
3、集装箱内容积集装箱内容积是指按集装箱内部尺寸计算的装货容积。
同一规格的集装箱，由于结构和制造材料不同，其内容积略有不同。
集装箱内容积是装箱人员必须掌握的重要数据。
具体数1.表中C表示内容积（Capacity），P表示载重量（Payload），CBM表示立方米（Cubic Metre），mt表示metric ton公吨（1mt=1000kg）。
2.在实践中20ft干货柜常见配货体积为24—28CBM，40ft干货平柜（高度为8ˊ6〞）配货体积通常为50—58CBM,40ft干货高柜（高度为9ˊ6〞）配货体积通常为60—68CBM。
医学英语词汇(P1)
医学英语词汇(P1)医学英语词汇(P1)医学英语词汇(P1)p (①phosphorus ②position ③pulse) ①磷②位置，位③脉搏pa(protactinium) 钋pabular 食品的pacemaker (abbr. pace.) 心脏起搏器，心律器pacemaker electrode 起搏器电极pacemaker neurone 起搏神经元pacemaker of heart 心脏起搏器pacemaker potential 起搏点电位pacemaker programmer 起转器程序控制器pacer analyzer 起搏器分析仪pachometer 厚度测量器pachy- 厚，粗，肥，硬pachymeter 厚度测量器pacify 橡皮奶头pacing system analyzer 起搏分析仪pack ①塞子②组件，容器，包装package ①包装，打包②组合件，部件packed cargo 包装货物packer ①包装机②填塞器，棉塞器packer and tucker 填塞联缝褶器packet ①包，盒②束，件，组packing free 免费包装packing included 包装费在内packing inspection 包装检验packing list 装箱单，包装单packing machine 包装机pacs 医院数字影象信息系统pad 垫，托，衬套padded splint 衬垫夹padder 微调电容器padding 填料，衬垫padding of splints 夹板衬垫paddle agitator 浆式搅拌器pag (pelvic angiography) 骨盆血管造影术page (polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳pager no. 传呼机号paid (abbr. pd.) 付讫paidology 儿科学pail 提桶，壶pail-closet 便桶pain （疼）痛pains transducer 阵痛传感器，分娩痛传感器paint ①涂料，油漆②描写pain threshold 痛阈（引起痛觉的刺激量）pain threshold detector 测痛仪pain threshold surveying instrument 痛阈测量仪pair 一对，一副palate 腭palategraph 腭动描记器palate hook 腭拉钩，提腭钩palate operation elevator 腭手术梃子palate operation hook 腭部手术刀palate retractor 软腭牵开器palate suture needle 腭缝针palatograph 腭动描记器palatography 腭动测量计palatomyograph 腭动描记器palette 调色板palladium (abbr.pd) 钯pallium （大脑）皮层palmoscopy 心搏动检诊法palograph 脉搏描记器palography 脉搏描记法palpation 触诊，扪诊palaption probe 触诊探头palpatorium 触诊器pan 锅，盘，盆pan- 全，总，万，泛panchromatic 全色的panchromatic film 全色胶片pancreata 胰（腺）pancreatography 胰造影术pandocheum 综合医院panel 面板，仪表盘，配电盘panelectroscope 通用电光窥镜panendoscope 广视野通用膀胱镜panendoscopy 广视野内窥镜检查panfundoscope 广视野立体检查眼底镜panhydrometer 通用（液体）比重计panoram ①全影图②全影装置panoramic camera 全景照像机panoramic x-ray unit 全景x射线机pansphygmograph 心脉搏胸动描记器pantograph ①胸廓（外形）描记器②缩图仪pantomography 全体层照像术pantoscope 广角照像机，广角透镜pantoscopic spectacles 双焦点眼镜paper 纸，文件paper chromatograph 纸上色谱仪paper electrophoresis 纸电泳paper electrophoresis apparatus 纸上电泳仪paper filter 过滤纸paper tape coder 纸带编码器paper tape reader 纸带阅读器papillary 乳头的，乳头状的para- 副，类，旁，异常parabola ①抛物线②抛物面反射器paraboloid condenser 抛物面聚光器paracentesis 穿刺术paracentesis knife 穿刺刀paracentesis trocar 穿刺套针paracentetic needle 穿刺针paraffin 石蜡paraffin bath 石蜡浴盆paraffin dispenser 石蜡灌注器paraffin dressing 石蜡敷裹paraffin embedding apparatus 石蜡包埋器paraffin imbedding 石蜡包埋法paraffin melting oven 石蜡溶炉paraffin model 石蜡模型paraffin oil 石蜡油paraffin paper 石蜡纸paraffin section 石蜡切片paraffinum 石蜡parallax 视差parallax stereogram 视差式立体x射线片parallel 平行的，类似的parallel clamp 并联夹parallel grid 平行（x射线）滤线栅parallelogram 平行四边形parallelograph 平行描记器parallelometer 平行线面测量器parallel-plate dialyzer 平板透析器parallel rays 平行光线paramagnetism 顺磁性parameter 参数，参量，计算指标parametric gammascope 参数伽玛镜（用于心肾甲状腺诊断）parametron 参数器，变感元件paramp 参量放大器para-oral 非经口给药的paraphase 倒相parcel 包裹，打包parchment paper 羊皮纸parenteral 不经肠道的，肠胃外的parenteral solution 注射液parietography 脏壁（x射线）照像术part ①部分②零件，部件，元件partal 分娩的partial 局部的，部分的，偏的partial-body irradiation 体分区照射partial occlusion clamp 部分咬合夹partial pressure 分压力particle 粒子，微粒，质点particle counter 颗粒测量计数器，粒子计数器particular 特殊的，详细的partition ①分隔，分配②隔板part per million (abbr.ppm) 兆北率（百万分之几）parturient ①临产的②产妇parturiometer 分娩力计parturition 分娩，生产partus 分娩，生产pass 通过，经过，通路，旁路passage 道，通道pass-by 旁路，通路，搭桥passport no 护照号paste 糊剂，膏pasteurizer 巴氏消毒器pasteurizer and sterilizer 巴氏消毒灭菌器pastille radiometer 纸碟式放射量计patch 补片，罩patch panel 接线板patella 膝盖骨patella compressor 膝关节压迫器patella hook 漆关节钩patellometer 膝关节反射计patent ①专利权②开放的，未闭的patent certificate 专利执照patent ducts clamp 开放导管夹钳path ①道，轨道②电路pathfinder ①牙根管探针②尿道狭窄探针patho- 病pathogen 病原体pathograhy 病情记录pathological section 病理切片pathologic study equipment 病理检查装置pathology 病理学pathometer 发病率记录器pathometry 发病率记录法pathoradiography x射线病理学pathoroentgenography x射线病理学pathway 道，轨迹patient 病人，患者patient cable 病人导联线patient lift 病人升降机patient monitor 病人监护仪patient monitoring system 病人监护系统pattern 模型，图表，样品kpattern number 模型号，型号pattern recognizer 模式识别机pause 间歇，中止，暂停pavex 血和锻炼器pawl 爪，爪状物pay ①给予，支付②工资payload 有效负载payment 支付，付款pba (pressure breathing assister) 加压呼吸器p/c; p/c (priced catalogue) 价目表pce (paper chromatoelectrophoresis) 滤纸色层电泳法pcg (phonocardiogram) 心音图pcg accelerated type transducer 心音加速换能器pcg microphone 心音传声器，心音图扩音器pco2 (partial pressure of carbondioxide) 二氧化碳分压pct. (per cent) 百分数，每百分之……pcv (packed-cell volume) 血细胞压积pcx. (periscopic convex) 周视凸面pd (palladium) 钯peace 和平，和约，友好peak 峰值，最大值，波峰peak catcher 峰值捕集器（原子吸收光度计用）peaker 微分电路，峰化器peak flow meter 最大呼气流量计peaker 尖的，多峰的pecker 穿孔针，接续器pectoral limb 上肢pectoral retractor 胸部牵开器，胸部拉钩peculiarity 特性，特色pedal 脚的，足的pedal absorber 脚踏吸引器pedal extractor 脚踏吸引器pedal switch 脚踏开关pedia- 小儿，儿童pedia-gastrofiberscope 儿童纤维胃镜pediameter ①婴儿测量器②步数计pediatric 儿科的pediatric crib 儿童栏床pediatric examining table 小儿检查床pediatric heart probe 小儿心脏探头pediatric operating scissors 小儿手术剪pedicle clamp 瘤蒂钳pedicle forceps 肾蒂钳pedicle graft 蒂状移植片pediometer ①婴儿测量器②步数计pedo- ①小儿，儿童②足，脚pedobaromacrometer 婴儿体重身长计pedobarometer 婴儿体重计pedodynamometer 脚力测定器pedometer ①婴儿测量器②步数计pef (peak expiratory flow) 最大呼吸流量peg ①钉，插塞②标记peg (pneumoencephalogram) 气脑造影图片pelicometer 骨盆测量计pellet ①小球，丸②片状器件pelleter 压片机，制粒机pellucidity 透明性，透明度pelvi-; pelvio- ①骨盆②肾盂pelvic 骨盆的pelvic clamp 骨盆夹pelvicephalography 骨盆胎头x射线测量术pelvicephalometry 骨盆胎头测量法pelvic hammock 骨盆吊带pelvic limb 下肢pelvicliseometer 骨盆斜度计pelvic support 骨盆托pelvifixation 盆腔器官固定术pelvigraph 骨盆描记器pelvimeter 骨盆测量计pelvimetry 骨盆测量法pelviography 骨盆腔x射线照像术pelvioscope 盆腔镜pelvioscopy 盆腔镜检查pelviroentgenography 盆腔（器官）x射线照像术pelvis ①骨盆②肾盂pelviscope ①骨盆镜②骨盆外形x射线检查仪③盆腔镜pelvitherm 骨盆器官热疗器pelviureterography 肾盂输尿管造影术pelyco- 骨盆pelycogram 骨盆x射线照片pen 钢笔，记录笔pen and ink recorder 自动记录器pencil ①铅笔②记录笔③射束，光束pencil magnet 笔形吸铁器pendulum 摆（锤），振动体penetrameter x射线透度计penetrameter sensitivity 透度计灵敏度penetrate 穿透，渗入penetrology 透射学penetrometer x射线透度计，x射线硬度计penetron ①γ-射线穿透仪②介子，重电子penile clamp 阴茎夹pen inspection torch 钢笔式诊查电筒penis syringe 阴茎注射器pen knife 小刀pen recorder 描笔式记录器pen record oscillograph 笔录式示波器pentagonal prism 五角棱镜pentaprism 五棱镜peptide synthesizer 多肽成仪peptometer 胃蛋白酶测定器per annum 每年per cent (abbr. pct) 百分数，百分之一……（%）percentage 百分数，比率perception 感觉，知觉perceptron 视感控器，感知器perchance 偶然，或许percolation 渗漉法percolator 渗漉器，渗漉筒percussion 叩诊percussion hammer 叩诊锤percussopunctator 梅花针，多尖刺针percussor 叩诊器，打诊槌percutaneous 经皮的percutaneous biliary drainage 经皮胆引流法percutaneous pyelography 肾盂穿刺造影术percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography 经皮越肝胆管造影术percuteur 叩诊器perfect gas 理想气体perfection 完美，完备，精通，熟练perforated stopper 穿孔塞子perforated tray 有孔盘perforating bur 打孔钻perforating drill 颅骨穿孔钻头perforating machine 穿孔机perforation 穿孔，打眼，穿孔术perforator ①穿颅器，穿刺器②穿孔机perform 实行，执行，完成，表演performance test 性能试验perfuse 灌，使充满perfusion 灌注（法），输液perfusion apparatus 灌注器perfusion cannula 灌流套管perfusion control apparatus 自动控制灌注器perfusion experiment 灌流试验perfusion support 输液架perfusion tube 输液管per hour 每小时perhydrol 双氧水peri- 周，周围，附近periarticular 关节周的pericardiac 心包的pericardium 心包peridural 硬膜外的peridurogram 硬膜外造影照片perimeter ①视野计②周长perimeter arc 视野计弧perinatal monitormy 围产其及监护perineal catheter 会阴导尿管perineal crutch 会阴支器perineal forceps 会阴钳perineal needle 会阴缝针perineal retractor 会阴牵开器perineal scissors 会阴剪，外阴剪perineo- 会阴perineometer 会阴收缩力计perineum needle 会阴引线针perineum retractor 会阴牵开器period 期，周期periodental file 牙周锉periodic(dl) ①周期的，循环的②期刊，杂志periodic chart 周期表periodicity ①周期性②周波periodic table 周期表periodogram 周期图periodontal curet 牙周刮匙periodontal file 牙周锉periodontal probe 牙周探子，刻度牙探针periodoscope 分娩日期计算表perioscope 扩视镜，视野计periosteal 骨膜的periosteal detacher 骨膜剥离器periosteal dissector 骨膜剥离器periosteal elevator 骨膜起子periosteal raspatory 骨膜刮periosteal retractor 骨膜牵开器periosteotome 骨膜刀，骨膜分离器periosteum 骨膜periostotome 骨膜刀peripheral vascular clamp 外周血管夹periscope 潜望镜，观测镜periscopic lens 周视透镜periscopic spectacles 周视眼镜peritoneal 腹膜的peritoneal clamp 腹膜钳peritoneal dialysis catheter 腹膜透析管peritoneal didlysis concentrateequipment 腹膜透析浓缩设备peritoneal dialysis machine 腹膜透析器peritoneal dialysis solution 腹膜透析液peritoneal dialyzer 腹膜透析器peritoneal forceps 腹膜钳peritoneal scissors 腹膜剪peritoneo- 腹膜peritoneography 腹膜造影术peritoneoscope 腹腔镜peritoneoscopy 腹腔镜检查peritoneum 腹膜permanent 不变的，永久的，经常的permanent implant 永久性植入物permanent lead introducer 永久性起搏器导线引器permanent memory 永久记忆，长期记忆permanent pacemaker 永久性起搏器permanent sound 留置探子permanent specimen 永久标本pcrmeability ①渗透性②磁导率permeability manometer 渗透压计permeable 可渗透的，可透过的permeameter ①渗透仪②磁导计permissible 容许的，许可的permissible range 容许范围permit 允许，许可permutation 排列，交换，置换permutator 转换开关，交换器peroral 经口的，口服的peroral tracheoscopy 经口气管镜检查perpendicular hook 垂直钩persistence ①持久性，坚持②余辉保留时间（荧光屏）persister 冷持管perisitron 持久显示器personal 人的，个人的personal biophysiograph 肌电生物回授仪personal details 个人札记personality 人格，个性personal scale 人体磅personnel monitor 个人放射量探测器perspective view 透视图pertubation 输卵管灌气法per unit 每单位pervious 可渗透的，能透过的pes (photo-electric scanner) 光电扫描器pessary 子宫托，阴道环pessary forceps 子宫托钳pessary introducer 子宫托导引器pessulum 子宫托，阴道环pessum 阴道环，子宫托pessus 阴道栓pestle 研棒，杵pet (positron emission tomography) 阳电子发射断层摄影术petaloid 花瓣状的petechia 瘀点petechiometer 瘀点计（皮肤毛细管脆性测定器）petiolate 有柄的petiole 柄，茎petro- 石kpetrolatum gauze 凡士林纱布petroletum 石油petrolin 石蜡-pexy 固定，固定术pezzer's catheter 蕈头导管pezzer's self-retaining catheter 蘑菇头形留置导尿管ph (potential of hydrogen) ph值（氢离子浓度倒数的对数，用以表示溶液的酸碱度）phaco- ①晶体状②透镜phacocystectomy 晶状体囊切除术phacoid 透镜状的phacoidoscope 晶状体镜phacometer 检镜片计phacoscope 晶状体镜phacoscopy 晶状体镜检查phago- 食，吞噬phagodynamometer 嚼力计phakoscope 晶状体镜phalangeal knife 指（趾）骨刀phalanges saw 指锯，掌骨锯phanero- 明显，清楚phaneroscope 皮肤透照镜phaneroscopy 皮肤透照检查phantom 人体模型，仿真模型phantom bead 模拟人头pharmaceutical 药学的，制药的pharmaceutics 药剂学，制剂pharmacist 药师，调剂员pharmaco- 药学，药物pharmacodiagnosis 药物诊断pharmacology 药理学pharmacopeia (abbr.ph) 药典pharmacy ①药学，药剂学②药房pharmacy equipment 药房设备pharmacy refrigerator 药房用冰箱pharyngeal 咽的pharyngeal airway 咽导气管pharyngeal probang 咽除鲠器pharyngeal speculum 窥咽器pharyngo- 咽pharyngolaryngeal 咽喉的pharytube 咽喉导管pharyngorhinoscopy 鼻咽镜检查pharyngoscope 咽镜，窥咽器pharyngoscopy 咽镜检查pharyngotome 咽刀pharyngotomy 咽切开术pharynx 咽pharynx-tonsillotome 腺样体切除刀，咽部一扁桃体切除器phase 相，期，方面phase comparator 相位比较器phase contrast 相位差，相衬phase contrast microscope 相位差显微镜phase contrast objective 相位差物镜phase contrast turret condenser 相位差回转式聚光器phase array sector scanner 相阵扇形扫描仪phase difference 相位差，相差phase difference microscope 相位差显微镜phased-inverting amplifier 相位差放大器phase meter 相位差计phase microscope 相衬显微镜phase separator 分相器phasometer 相位差计ph/bloodgas analyzer ph值/血气分析仪ph electrode 酸度计电极phellos 木栓，软木塞phenol-formaldehyde resin 酚甲醛树脂phenolphthalein 酚酞phenomenon ①现象②珍品，奇迹phial 管形瓶，小药瓶philips cathode 菲利普阴极philips gauge 菲利普真人计，冷电极电离真空计philips scrwdriver 菲立浦十字头起子phimosis dilator 包茎扩张器phimosis forceps 包茎镊ph indcator ph值指示器，酸度指示器phlebo- 静脉phlebogram ①静脉x射线照片②静脉搏动图phlebograph 静脉搏动描记器phlebograhy 静脉造影术phlebomanometer 静脉血压计phlebotome 静脉刀phlegm cup 痰杯ph measuring apparatus ph值测定仪ph meter ph计，氢离子计，酸碱计phon （响度级的单位）phon-; phono- 声音phonacoscope 叩听诊器phonal 音的，声音的phonarteriogram 动脉音图phonarteriography 动脉音描记法phonautogram 语音描记图phonautograph 语音描记器phone ①语音②电话，受话器-phone 声音，音器phonemeter 测声计phonendoscope 扩音听诊器phonendoscopy 扩音听诊器检查phonendoskiascope x射线透视扩音听诊器（心脏用）phonetic adding machine 语音计算机phonetic typewriter 口授打字机phono- 声音phonocardiogram(abbr.pcg) 心音图phonocardiograph(abbr.pcg) 心音描记器，心音计phonocardiograph amplifier 心音放大器phonocardiography 心音描记法phonocardio-transducer 心音换能器phonocatheter 检心音导管，导声管phonodeik 声波显示仪phonoelectrocardiograph 心音心电计phonoelectrocardioscope 心音心电直描记器phonofilm 有声电影phonogram 录音片phonograph 留声机，唱机phonolaryngograph 发声机能描记仪phonometer 音强度计，测音计phonomyogram 肌音图phonomyography 肌音描记法phonon 声子，振动量子phonophore 扩音听诊器phonophotography 音波照像术phonoreceptor 音感受器phonorecorder 唱片phonorenogram 检音肾动脉搏动图phonoscope ①心音波照像机②内脏叩听器phonoscopy ①心音波照像检查②内脏叩听检查phonoselectoscope 高音听诊器phonostethograph 听诊录音机phonotransducer 心音换能器-phore 器phoriagraph 隐斜视矫正器phoria-measure 陷斜视测量器phoriascope 隐斜视矫正镜phorometer 隐斜视计phorometry 陷斜视测量法phoro-optometer 综合屈光检查仪，隐斜视计phoropter 综合屈光检查仪phoroptor 综合屈光检查仪phoroscope 固定试眼架，检眼器phorotone 眼肌操练器phosphate buffer 磷酸盐缓冲液phosphatometer （尿）磷酸盐定量器phosphor 磷光体phosphoroscope 磷光测定器，磷光镜phosphorus(abbr.p) 磷phot-; photo- ①光，光电②照像phot(e) ①辐透②厘米烛光（照明单位）photelometer 光电比色计photic 光的，感光的，透光的photic sonic stimulator 光音刺激器photic stimulator 光刺激器photion 充气光电二极管photistor 光敏晶体管photo(photograph) 照片，照像photo- ①光，光电②照像photoacoustic spectrometer 光声分光计photo-amplifier 光电放大器photoanalysis 光电分析photobattery 光电池photocamera 照像机photo cathode 光电阴极photocautery ①放射烙器②放射烙术photocell ①光电池②光电管photocell eye 光电管眼photocell pick-off 光电管传感器photoceptor 光感受器photochemical apparatus 光化学器photochrome 彩色照片photocoagulator 视网膜凝固器photocolorimeter 光比色计photocolposcope 照像阴道镜photoconductive resistance 光敏电阻photocystoscope 膀胱内照像器photodensitometer 光密度计photodetector 光检测器，光电探测器photodiode 光电二极管photodosimeter 光电测量计photo-effect 光效应photoelectric 光电的photoelectric colorimeter 光电比色计photoelectric colorimeter cell 光电比色皿photoelectric comparator 光电变换器photoelectric counter 光电计数器photoelectric densitometer 光电显像测密度计photoelectric effect 光电效应phoyorlectric rquation 光电方程式photoelectric hemoglobinometer 光电血红蛋白计photoelectric icterometer 光电黄疸计photoelectricity 光电，光电学photoelectric microphotometer 光电测微光度计photoelectric nephelometer 光电比浊计photoelectric nephelotitrator 光电浊度滴定器photoelectric photometer 光电光度计photoelectric plethysmogram 光电体积描记图photoelectric spectrophotometer 光电分光光度计photoelectric timer 光电定时钟photoelectric tube 光电管photoelectrometer 光电比色计photoelectron 光电子photoelement 光电管，光电池photoesthetic 感光的，光觉的photo-eyepiece 照像接目镜photofluorogram 荧光x射线（照）片photofluorographic apparatus x射线荧光摄影机photofluorographic camera x射线荧光摄影机photofluorography 荧光x射线照像术photofluorometer 荧光测定计photofluoroscope 荧光x射线照像机photofluoroscopy 荧光x射线照像检查photogastroscope 摄影胃镜，胃内照像器photogene 后像，余像photogenerator 光电信号发生器photogenic 发光的，光源性的photogram ①照片②摄影像（生理实验的摄影记录）photograph 照片，照像photographic attachment 照像装置，摄影装置photographic camera 摄影机，照像机photographic cystoscope 摄影膀胱镜photographic densitometer 摄影密度计photographic dish 显影盘photographic eyepiece 摄影用灯photographic film 软片，胶卷photographic lamp 摄影用灯photographic lens 摄影镜头photographic objective 摄影物镜photographic paper 晒像纸，印像纸photographic photometer 摄影光度计photographic plate 照像底片photographic radiometer 感光纸辐射计，照像纸式放射量计photographic spectroscope 照像分光镜photographic telescope 摄影望远镜photographic thermometer 照像药液温度计photographing unit 照相机photography 摄影术，照像术photography microscope 照像显微镜photohalide 感光性卤化物photohematachometer 血流速度照像器，照像血流速度计photokeratoscope 照像角膜镜photo knife 光刀（激光手术刀）photokymograph 记录照像机，光转筒记录器photology 光学photolometer 光电比色计photometer 光度计，光觉计photometry 光度学，光度测定法photomicrograph 显微照片photomicrographic apparatus 显微摄影仪photomicrographic camera 显微镜摄影机photomicrography 显微照像术photomicroscope 显微照像器，摄影显微镜photomicroscopy 显微照像术photomodulator 光调制器photomotograph 肌动光电描记器photomultiplier 光电倍增器photomultiplier tube 光电倍增管photon 光子photon detector 光子探测器photopaper 照像纸photophase 光照阶段photophone 光音器photophore 检鼻喉灯photoprint 照片，像片photoprint paper 印像纸photoptometer 光觉计photoptry 光觉单位photoradiometer 光辐射剂量仪，x射线辐射量计photoreceptor 光感受器photorectifier 光电检波器photorepeater 照像复印机photoresistance 光敏电阻photoresistor 光敏电阻器photoroentgenography 荧光x射线照像术photoscan 光扫描图photoscanner 光扫描器photoscanning 光扫描photoscope 透视镜（荧光屏）photoscopy x射线透视检查photosensitizer 感光剂photo-sensor 光电传感器photo slit lamp system 照像裂隙灯系统photostethoscope 光波显音器（观察胎儿心搏用）photostimulation 光刺激photoswitch 光电开关photosynthesis 光合作用photosyntometer 光合计phototelegraphy 电传真phototherapy unit 光疗机phototimer 光电定时器，照像计时器phototransistor 光电晶体管phototube 光电管phototube photometer 光电管光度计phototurbidometer 光电比浊计phototurbidometry 光电比浊法photobision 电视photoboltaic cell 光电池photronreflectometer 光电反射计phren ①膈②精神，意志phreno- ①膈②精神，意志phrenocolopexy 膈结肠固定术phrenograph 膈动描记器phthalein 酞phthaleinometer 酞定量器，酞量计ph value ph值ph value comparator 氢离子浓度比值器physic ①医学②药品physical ①身体的②物理的physical diagnosis 物理诊断physical life 实用寿命，物理寿命physical therapy apparatus 物理治疗仪physician 医师（尤指内科医师）physician's bag 医用出诊包physician's emergency bag 医生急救包physicist 物理学家physics 物理学physio- ①生理②自然physiochemical instruments 生理化学仪器physiograph 生理记录仪，电生理现象测定仪physiological bedside monitor 生理床边监护仪physiological gas analyser 生理气体分析仪physiological grapher 生理记录仪physiological pressure transducer 生理压力换能器physiological recorder 生理记录仪physiological response recorder 生理反应记录器physiological solt solution 生理盐溶液physiology 生理学physiometry 生理机能测验physiotherapy 物理治疗physiotherapy couch 理疗床physiotherapy equipment 理疗设备physiotherapy unit 物理治疗仪physique 体格pi(isoelectric point) 等电点pick 签，牙签pick-off 传感器，敏感元件pickup ①拾波，拣起②传感器，换能器，拾音器pickup tube 摄像管pico- 微微（10-12）picogram 微微克，沙克picometer(abbr.pm.or. μμ) 微微米（10-10cm）pictograph 剪影儿童视力表pictorial display 图像显示picture 图，像，图片picture element 像素picture quantizer 图像数学转换器picture taking lens 拍照镜头picture tube 显像管piece(abbr. pc.) ①个，件，块，②部件piercer 锥子，钻孔器piesesthesia 压觉piesimeter 压觉计，压力计piesis 血压piesometer 压力计，压觉计piezo- 压，压力，压电piezocardiogram 心动压力图piezoelectric driver 压电推进器piezoelectricity 压电现象，压电学piezoelectric transducer 压电换能器piezoid 石英片，石英晶体piezometer ①眶压计②压力计，压觉计piezoquartz 压电石英，压电晶体pigment 色素，色料，涂剂pile ①痔②堆，大量pile clamp 夹痔钳，痔夹pile forceps 痔钳pill 丸剂，药丸pill finisher 整丸器pill mass roller 丸剂块滚研机pillow 枕头pillow case 枕套pillow splint 枕头夹（下肢骨折用）pill tile 丸剂板pilot 引导，指示pilot bell 监视铃piloting trocar 引导套针pilot lamp 指示灯pilot lamp bulb 指示灯电珠pin 针，钉，插头pincers 镊子，夹子pincet 小镊子pincette 小镊子pinch-band technic 夹片法pinch-cock 弹簧夹pinch meter 握力器pin cutter 针状剪pin cutting pliers 剪针钳pin forceps 断针钳pinhole 针孔，塞孔pinhole nippers 针孔钳pinion 小齿轮，粗齿轮pin jack 管脚插孔pink ①粉红色②（皮革等）饰孔，小孔pin-point tracing 针尖描记法pin punch 牙针钻孔器pint(abbr. pt.) 品脱（溶量及容量单位）pio- 脂，脂肪pioscope 乳脂计pip ①尖头信号，标记②脉冲pipe ①管，导管②管形物pipe stem oxygen system 导管式供氧装置pipe-still 管式蒸馏釜pipet 吸（量）管，移液管pipette 吸（量）管，移液管pipette basket 吸管篮pipette dilator 吸和吸释器pipette dryer 吸管干燥箱pipette for red corpuscles 红血球吸管pipette for white corpuscles 白血球吸管pipette rack 吸量管架pipette stand 吸管架pipettor 吸移管管理器，手按移液器piscina 浴盆pistol ①手持喷枪②手枪piston 活塞，柱塞piston recorder 活塞式记录器piston-type flowmeter 活塞式流量计pitometer 管流计，流速计pitot's tube 比托管（测量血流速度）pituitarium 垂体pituitary curette 垂体刮匙pituitary dissector 垂体剥离器pituitary forceps 垂体镊pituitary retraction forceps 垂体牵开镊pituitary retractor 垂体牵开器pituitary rongeur 垂体咬骨钳pituitary spoon 垂体匙pivot bur 柱钻pivot extractor 拔柱器place ①地点，位置②安插，装入placebo 安慰剂，对照剂placenta 胎盘placenta irrigating curet 胎盘冲洗刮匙placental 胎盘的placental auger 胎盘螺旋钻placental clamp 胎盘夹placental curet 胎盘刮匙placental forceps 胎盘钳placental hook 胎盘钩placental spiral 胎盘螺旋钻placentogram 胎盘（造影）照片placentography 胎盘造影术place of delivery 交货地点place of dlstination 到货口岸olain asbestos yarn 普通石棉线plain bone chisel 平骨凿plain film 平片plain paper 空白纸plaited paper filter 折纸滤器plan ①计划，设计②设计图，平面图plane ①平面，投影②水平，水准③飞机plane grating 平面光栅plane grating spectrograph 平面光栅摄谱机plane mirror 平面镜plane surface mirror 平面镜planigram x射线体层照片，x射线断层照片planigraph 平面摄影机planigraphic unit 平面摄影装置planigraphy x射线体层照像术，x射线断层照像术planigraphy couch 平面摄影床planimeter 面积计planoconcave 现凹的planoconcave lens 平凹透镜，平凹镜片planoconvex 平凸的planoconvex lens 平凸镜片，平凸透镜planogram x射线体层照片，x射线断层照片planography x射线体层照像术，x射线断层照像术plant ①设备，装置②站plasma 浆，血浆plasma clearance 血浆清除率plasma cure unit 膜型血浆分离器plasmapheresis monitor 血浆除去监视器plasma thromboplastin factor 血浆凝血激酶因子plaster 石膏，硬膏剂plaster bandage cutter 切石膏绷带器plaster bandage knife 拆石膏绷带刀plaster bandage saw 石膏绷带锯plaster bandage shears 石膏绷带剪plaster bad 石膏床plaster blade 石膏刀片plaster dilator 石膏撑开器plaster gauze 石膏纱布plaster impression 石膏印模plaster knife 石膏刀plaster model 石膏模型plaster mull 硬膏布plaster of paris 熟石膏，锻石膏，干燥硫酸钙plaster of paris bed 石膏床plaster of paris saw 石膏绷带锯plaster of paris scissors 石膏绷带剪plaster of paris spreader 石膏摊开器plaster of paris stocking 石膏靴plaster saw 石膏锯plaster scissors 石膏绷带剪plaster shears 石膏绷带剪plaster spatula 石膏调刀plaster splint 石膏夹plaster spreader 石膏摊开器plaster table 石膏床plastic ①塑料，塑料制品②整形的plastic-backed magnetic tape 塑料磁带plastic bladder catheter 塑料膀胱导管plastic bucket 塑料提水桶plastic dental face 塑料牙面plastic denture 塑料托牙plastic-filling apparatus 粘固粉填充器，成形充填器palstic-filling instrument 粘固粉充填器，成形充填器医学英语词汇(P1) 相关内容:。
Metasploit简单使用——payload（攻击载荷）
Metasploit简单使⽤——payload（攻击载荷）⼀、模块路径payload模块路径：/usr/share/metasploit-framework/modules/payloadPayload中包含攻击进⼊⽬标主机后需要在远程系统中运⾏的恶意代码，⽽在Metasploit中Payload是⼀种特殊模块，它们能够以漏洞利⽤模块运⾏，并能够利⽤⽬标系统中的安全漏洞实施攻击。
简⽽⾔之，这种漏洞利⽤模块可以访问⽬标系统，⽽其中的代码定义了Payload在⽬标系统中的⾏为。
⼆、payload模块的三种类型payload 模块主要有以下三种类型：Single、Stager、Stage。
Single是⼀种完全独⽴的Payload，⽽且使⽤起来就像运⾏ calc.exe ⼀样简单，例如添加⼀个系统⽤户或删除⼀份⽂件。
由于Single Payload是完全独⽴的，因此它们有可能会被类似 netcat 这样的⾮metasploit处理⼯具所捕捉到。
Stager这种Payload负责建⽴⽬标⽤户与攻击者之间的⽹络连接，并下载额外的组件或应⽤程序。
⼀种常见的Stager Payload就是reverse_tcp，它可以让⽬标系统与攻击者建⽴⼀条tcp连接，让⽬标系统主动连接我们的端⼝(反向连接)。
另⼀种常见的是bind_tcp，它可以让⽬标系统开启⼀个tcp监听器，⽽攻击者随时可以与⽬标系统进⾏通信(正向连接)。
Stage是Stager Payload下的⼀种Payload组件，这种Payload可以提供更加⾼级的功能，⽽且没有⼤⼩限制。
在 Metasploit 中，我们可以通过Payload的名称和使⽤格式来推断它的类型：Single Payload的格式为：<target>/ <single> 如：windows/powershell_bind_tcpStager/Stage Payload的格式为：<target>/ <stage> / <stager> 如：windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp三、Stager中⼏种常见的payloadwindows/meterpreter/bind_tcp #正向连接windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp #反向连接，常⽤windows/meterpreter/reverse_http #通过监听80端⼝反向连接windows/meterpreter/reverse_https #通过监听443端⼝反向连接正向连接使⽤场景：我们的攻击机在内⽹环境，被攻击机是外⽹环境，由于被攻击机⽆法主动连接到我们的主机，所以就必须我们主动连接被攻击机了。
巴克尔(Parker)小型和标准尺寸球轨滑动轨道说明书
Contents14-15Overview21-22 1.75” (44,5 mm) Wide 23-25 2.62” (66,5 mm) Wide 26-27 5.00” (127,0 mm) Wide 28 6.00” (152,4 mm) Wide 31-34Performance CurvesBall Bearing SlidesMiniature and StandardBall BearingSlidesMiniature and Standard Size Ball Bearings SlidesBall Slide Design PrinciplesParker ball slides are mechanically simple linear motion devices comprised of a stationary base member witha mobile carriage riding on top. Two rows of hardened steel balls on both sides of the base provide the smooth, accurate, low friction sliding motion between the stationary base and the top slide. Each row of bearings is contained between four hardened and precision ground steel rods. These bearing assemblies are factory preloaded to eliminate wobble and unwanted play in the system.Ball slides are functionally much more reliable than simple dovetail slides, since there is no direct sliding contact of the top and bottom members. Ball slides eliminate the rapid wear problems, regular lubrication requirements, and “stiction” (skipping and jumping caused by the increased force needed to initiate movement) characteristic of dovetail slides. Parker also offers a high load capacity, long life crossed roller slides for applications requiring maximum load and life performance.Standard FeaturesAll models offer high quality construction features as standard:•Straight line accuracy of 0.00008 inches per inch of travel (0.00025 inches per inch of travel for miniatures)•Precision machined mounting surfaces to assure flatness and parallelism•Factory preloaded to precision specifications to eliminate any side play and provide a uniform coefficient of friction•Factory threaded mounting holes on the top for easy payload mounting•Factory machining services for special holeconfigurations and custom modifications•Locking thread inserts on preloaded screws for maintenance-free life without loss of preload •Hardened and precision machined 440C stainless steel balls and rodsHow to OrderUse the overview chart on the following page to select the appropriate ball slide. Refer to the individual specifications page for complete performance and mechanical specifications. To order ball slides, use the model number corresponding to the specific size and travel length selected.A variety of modifications to standard models are available to meet custom requirements. Contact our application engineering department with your design specifications.B a l l B e a r i n g S l i d esSeriesWidth in (mm)Travel Normal Load MountingPage in (mm)lbs (kg)Imperial Metric0.5(12,7) 4.95.017.0(2,2)(2,3)(7,6)•••161718SelectionB a l l B e a r i n g S l i d es4000/M4000 SeriesSpecifications Imperial Metric Travel: 1.0 in 25,4 mm Size: Width Length Height1.75 in 1.75 in 0.75 in 44,5 mm 44,5 mm 19,0 mm Load:NormalMoment: Yaw, Pitch, Roll 25 lbsSee page 3111 kgSee page 31Straight line accuracy:0.00008 in/in of travel 2 µm/25 mm of travel Weight: 0.2 lbs0,09 kgConstruction:Aluminum top and base/ 440C stainless steel bearings Mounting surface:Precision machined Finish:Black anodizeModelTravel Aperture Imperial 4001 1.0 in 0.50 in 4005 1.0 in —MetricM400125,4 mm 12,7 mm M400525,4 mm—Qty. (4) Mtg. Holes (Top)Imperial Models – #6-32 Thd. on 1.12 Dia. B.C.Metric Models – M4 Thd. on (30,0) Dia. B.C.Metric Models – M4 S.H.C.S.Dimensions in (mm)Ball Bearing SlidesTravel: 1.0 – 3.0 in 25,4 – 76,2 mm Size: Width Length Height1.75 in2.00 – 4.00 in 0.75 in 44,5 mm50,8 – 101,6 mm 19,0 mm Load:NormalMoment: Yaw, Pitch, Roll 28 – 55 lbs See page 3113 – 25 kg See page 31Straight line accuracy:0.00008 in/in of travel 2 µm/25 mm of travel Weight: 0.2 – 0.6 lbs0,09 – 0,27 kgConstruction:Aluminum top and base/ 440C stainless steel bearings Mounting surface:Precision machined Finish:Black anodizeNormal Load Weight DimensionsA B C D E F Imperial41011.0 in 28 lbs 0.2 lbs2.00 in 1.38 in 0.31 in 0.25 in 834201 2.0 in 40 lbs 0.4 lbs3.00 in 2.38 in 0.31 in 0.25 in 1254301 3.0 in 55 lbs 0.6 lbs4.00 in 3.38 in 0.31 in 0.25 in 167MetricM410125,4 mm 13 kg 0,09 kg 50,8 mm 35,0 mm 7,8 mm 12.9 mm 62M420150,8 mm 18 kg 0,18 kg 76,2 mm 60,0 mm 8,1 mm 13,1 mm 104M430176,2 mm25 kg0,27 kg101,6 mm85,0 mm8,3 mm13,3 mm146“E” Mtg. Holes (Top)Imperial Models – #6-32 Thd.Metric Models – M4 Thd.4100/M4100, 4200/M4200, 4300/M4300 SeriesDimensions in (mm)B a l l B e a r i n g S l i d es4500/M4500 SeriesSpecifications Imperial Metric Travel: 1.0 in 25,4 mm Size: Width Length Height2.62 in 2.62 in 1.00 in 66,5 mm 66,5 mm 25,4 mm Load:NormalMoment: Yaw, Pitch, Roll 62 lbsSee page 3128 kgSee page 31Straight line accuracy:0.00008 in/in of travel 2 µm/25 mm of travelWeight: 4501 – 0.6 lbs 4505 – 0.5 lbsM4501 – 0,27 kg M4505 – 0,23 kgConstruction:Aluminum top and base/ 440C stainless steel bearings Mounting surface:Precision machined Finish:Black anodizeModelTravel ApertureImperial 4501 1.0 in —4505 1.0 in 1.00 in MetricM450125,4 mm —M450525,4 mm25,4 mmQty. (8) Mtg. Holes (Top)Imperial Models – #10-32 Thd. on 2.00 Dia. B.C.Metric Models – M5 Thd. on (50,0) Dia. B.C.Metric Models – M6 S.H.C.S.Dimensions in (mm)Ball Bearing SlidesTravel: 2.0 – 4.0 in 50,8 – 101,6 mm Size: Width Length Height2.62 in4.00 – 6.00 in 1.00 in 66,5 mm101,6 – 152,4 mm 25,4 mm Load:NormalMoment: Yaw, Pitch, Roll 88 – 123 lbs See page 3240 – 56 kg See page 32Straight line accuracy:0.00008 in/in of travel2 µm/25 mm of travelWeight: 0.9 – 1.4 lbs 0,41 – 0,64 kgConstruction:Aluminum top and base/ 440C stainless steel bearings Mounting surface:Precision machined Finish:Black anodizeNormal Load Weight DimensionsA B C D E F G Imperial46012.0 in 88 lbs 0.9 lbs 4.00 in 0.5 in —6 2.00 in 0.69 in 0.31 in 47013.0 in 100 lbs 1.1 lbs 5.00 in 1.0 in —6 2.00 in 1.19 in 0.31 in 48014.0 in 123 lbs 1.4 lbs 6.00 in0.5 in1.0 in 102.00 in 1.69 in 0.31 in MetricM460150,8 mm 40 kg 0,41 kg 101,6 mm 12,5 mm —650,0 mm 12,5 mm 13,3 mm M470176,2 mm 48 kg 0,50 kg 127,0 mm 25,0 mm —650,0 mm 25,0 mm 13,5 mm M4801101,6 mm56 kg0,64 kg152,4 mm 12,5 mm25,0 mm1050,0 mm25,0 mm26,2 mmImperial Models – 1/4” S.H.C.S.Metric Models – M6 S.H.C.S.4600/M4600, 4700/M4700, 4800/M4800 SeriesDimensions in (mm)B a l l B e a r i n g S l i d es4600 SeriesSpecifications Travel: 6.0 – 15.0 in Size: Width Length Height2.62 in9.00 –18.00 in 1.00 inLoad:NormalMoment: Yaw, Pitch, Roll154 – 243 lbs See page 32-33Straight line accuracy:0.00008 in/in of travel Weight: 2.3 – 4.7 lbsConstruction:Aluminum top and base/ 440C stainless steel bearings Mounting surface:Precision machined Finish:Black anodizeModel Travel in NormalLoad lbs Weight lbs Dimensions – inA B C D E F G H J I m p e r i a l4606 6.0154 2.39.003 2.00 1.5082 3.50 1.00346099.0192 3.112.005 2.00 1.00122 5.00 1.003461212.0205 3.915.006 2.00 1.50144 3.25 1.005461515.02434.718.0082.001.001844.001.005for 1/4” S.H.C.S.Dimensions in (mm)Ball BearingSlides4400/M4400 SeriesTravel: 3.0 in76,2 mmSize:Width Length Height 5.00 in5.00 in1.00 in127,0 mm127,0 mm25,4 mmLoad:NormalMoment: Yaw, Pitch, Roll 106 lbsSee page 3148 kgSee page 31Straight line accuracy:0.00008 in/inof travel 2 µm/25 mm of travelWeight: 4410 – 2.2 lbs4450 – 1.7 lbs M4410 – 1,00 kg M4450 – 0,77 kgConstruction:Aluminum top and base/440C stainless steel bearings Mounting surface:Precision machined Finish:Black anodizeTravel ApertureImperial 4410 3.0 in—4450 3.0 in 2.00 inMetric M441076,2 mm—M445076,2 mm50,8 mmQty. (8) Mtg. Holes (Top)Imperial Models – 1/4-20 Thd. on 4.00 Dia. B.C.Metric Models – M6 Thd. on (100,0) Dia. B.C.Metric Models – M6 Thd.Metric Models – M6 S.H.C.S.Metric Models – (13,5)Imperial Models – 4.00Metric Models – (100,0)ApertureDimensions in (mm)B a l l B e a r i n g S l i d es4900/M4900 SeriesSpecifications Imperial Metric Travel: 2.0 in 50,8 mm Size: Width Length Height5.00 in 5.00 in 1.75 in 127,0 mm 127,0 mm 44,5 mm Load:NormalMoment: Yaw, Pitch, Roll77 lbsSee page 3435 kgSee page 34Straight line accuracy:0.00008 in/in of travel 2 µm/25 mm of travel Weight: 3.0 lbs1,4 kgConstruction:Aluminum top and base/ 440C stainless steel bearings Mounting surface:Precision machined Finish:Black anodizeModelTravel Imperial 4900-02 2.0 in MetricM4900-0250,8 mmQty. (6) Mtg. Holes (Top)Imperial Models – 1/4-20 Thd.Metric Models – M6 Thd.Imperial Models – 1/4” S.H.C.S.Metric Models – M6 S.H.C.S.0.50Dimensions in (mm)Ball Bearing SlidesParker Hannifin CorporationElectromechanical & Drives Division28/emn4900/M4900 SeriesTravel: 4.0 – 12.0 in 101,6 – 304,8 mm Size: Width Length Height6.00 in6.00 – 18.00 in 2.00 in 152,4 mm152,4 – 457,2 mm 50,8 mm Load:NormalMoment: Yaw, Pitch, Roll 100 – 294 lbs See page 3445 – 133 kg See page 34Straight line accuracy:0.00008 in/in of travel 2 µm/25 mm of travel Weight: 5.0 – 13.0 lbs2,3 – 6,0 kgConstruction:Aluminum top and base/ 440C stainless steel bearings Mounting surface:Precision machined Finish:Black anodizeModelTravel Normal Load Weight DimensionsA B C D E F G Imperial4900-04 4.0 in 100 lbs 5.0 lbs 6.00 in ——6 5.00 in —44900-066.0 in 154 lbs7.0 lbs 9.00 in 1.50 in —10 5.00 in 1.50 in 84900-088.0 in 205 lbs9.0 lbs 12.00 in 2.50 in —10 5.00 in 3.00 in 84900-1010.0 in 243 lbs 11.0 lbs 15.00 in 2.50 in 2.00 in 14 6.00 in 4.00 in 84900-1212.0 in294 lbs 13.0 lbs 18.00 in 5.00 in 1.00 in 147.00 in 5.00 in 8Metric4900-04101,6 mm 45 kg 2,3 kg 152,4 mm——6125,0 mm—44900-06152,4 mm70 kg 3,0 kg 228,6 mm 37,5 mm —10125,0 mm 37,5 mm 84900-08203,2 mm 93 kg 4,0 kg 304,8 mm 62,5 mm —10125,0 mm 75,0 mm 84900-10254,0 mm 110 kg 5,0 kg 381,0 mm 62,5 mm50,0 mm14150,0 mm 100,0 mm 84900-12304,8 mm133 kg6,0 kg457,2 mm 125,0 mm 25,0 mm14175,0 mm 125,0 mm8Metric Models – M6 S.H.C.S.Imperial Models – 5.00Metric Models – (125,0)Dimensions in (mm)Parker Hannifin CorporationElectromechanical & Drives Division31BallBearingSlidesBall Bearing SlidesParker Hannifin CorporationElectromechanical & Drives Division32/emnParker Hannifin CorporationElectromechanical & Drives Division33BallBearingSlidesBall Bearing SlidesParker Hannifin CorporationElectromechanical & Drives Division34/emnContents124-127Z-Axis Brackets 128-129Micrometer Heads 130-132Optical Mounts123and optical cells are also available.Accessoriesfor Linear and Rotary PositionersAccessoriesParker Hannifin CorporationElectromechanical & Drives Division124/emnZ-Axis BracketsDimensions – in (mm)Thd. N Model A B C D E F G H J JK L M I m p e r i a l3909 1.25 1.25 0.25 1.38 0.250.1560.620.190.380.880.440.88#4-403959 1.25 1.250.25 1.380.250.1560.620.190.040.880.440.88#4-404009 1.75 1.690.25 1.88—0.1560.880.310.63 1.12— 1.12#6-324509 2.44 2.620.38 2.75—0.218 1.220.310.93 2.00— 2.00#10-32M e t r i c M3909(31,8)(31,8)(6,4)(35,1)(6,4)(4,0)(15,7)(5,9)(9,7)(20,0)(10,0)(20,0)M3M3959(31,8)(31,8)(6,4)(35,1)(6,4)(4,0)(15,7)(5,9)(1,0)(20,0)(10,0)(20,0)M3M4009(44,5)(42,9)(6,4)(47,8)—(4,8)(22,4)(7,3)(16,0)(30,0)—(30,0)M4M4509(62,0)(66,5)(9,7)(69,9)—(7,3)(31,0)(8,4)(23,6)(50,0)—(50,0)M6Dimensions – in (mm)Model A B C D E F Imperial3910 1.580.880.190.440.380.313960 2.33MetricM3910(40,1)(20,0)(5,9)(12,3)(7,1)(6,4)M3960(59,2)Dimensions – in (mm)Model A B C Imperial4010 1.120.31 1.12MetricM4010(30,0)(7,1)(30,0)3910, 3960 M3910, M3960Parker Hannifin CorporationElectromechanical & Drives Division125/emnA c c e s s o r i e sDimensions – in (mm)Model A B C D Imperial 4059 1.120.680.380.16MetricM4059(30,0)(16,8)(8,8)(4,8)Dimensions – in (mm)Model A B C D Imperial4059A 1.120.680.620.16MetricM4059A(30,0)(16,8)(15,2)(4,8)Dimensions – in (mm)Model A B C Imperial4510 2.00 2.00 1.00MetricM4510(50,0)(50,0)(25,8)Dimensions – in (mm)Model A B Imperial 4060 1.13 1.13MetricM4060(30,0)(30,0)AccessoriesParker Hannifin Corporation Electromechanical & Drives Division126/emnDimensions – in (mm)Model A B C D E Imperial 4499 4.00 1.62 2.88 2.000.50MetricM4499(100,0)(40,5)(71,4)(50,0)(13,1)Dimensions – in (mm)Model A B Imperial4560 2.00 2.00MetricM4560(50,0)(50,0)Dimensions – in (mm)Model A B C D Imperial 4559 2.000.810.440.22MetricM4559(50,0)(20,9)(11,5)(5,5)Parker Hannifin CorporationElectromechanical & Drives Division127/emnA c c e s s o r i e sDimensions – in (mm)Model A B C D E F GH J I m p e r i a l4990-02 6.00 1.50– 4.002 5.50 1.00 4.00 1.004990-048.12 2.62– 5.002 6.50 1.00 5.00 1.004990-0612.12 5.12 1.5 5.004 6.50 1.00 5.00 1.004990-0817.128.62 3.0 5.004 6.75 1.25 5.00 1.504990-1020.5010.00 4.0 6.004 6.75 1.25 5.00 1.504990-1224.1211.62 5.07.004 6.50 1.00 5.00 1.00M e t r i c M4990-02(152,4)(38,9)–(100,0)2(139,7)(26,2)(100,0)(25,4)M4990-04(206,2)(67,6)–(125,0)2(165,1)(26,4)(125,0)(25,4)M4990-06(307,8)(131,2)(37,5)(125,0)4(165,1)(26,4)(125,0)(25,4)M4990-08(434,8)(220,0)(75,0)(125,0)4(171,5)(32,8)(125,0)(38,1)M4990-10(520,7)(255,2)(100,0)(150,0)4(171,5)(32,8)(125,0)(38,1)M4990-12(612,6)(296,6)(125,0)(175,0)4(171,5)(32,8)(125,0)(38,1)Accessories9510-9530 Series Micrometer HeadsParker Daedal micrometer heads are recommended for any application requiring micrometer accuracy in settings and adjustment. These units feature a hardened and ground spindle, easy-to-read graduations, and an attractive non-glare satin chrome finish.Model NumberFigure Travel in (mm)Graduations in (mm)Dimensions – in (mm)A B C D I m p e r i a l9511EA 0.500.001 2.030.500.187—9512EB 0.500.001 2.630.500.3750.549524E B 1.000.0014,230.750.6250.739526E B 2.000.001 6.16 1.250.6250.739531EC 1.000.0001 5.180.940.56—9532E C 2.000.00017.18 1.440.56—M e t r i c9511M A (13)(0,01)(51,6)(13,0)(4,7)—9512M B (13)(0,01)(66,8)(13,0)(9,5)(13,7)9524M B (25)(0,01)(107,4)(19,0)(15,9)(18,5)9526M B (50)(0,01)(156,5)(32,0)(15,9)(18,5)9531M C (25)(0,002)(131,6)(23,9)(14,2)—9532MC(50)(0,002)(182,4)(36,6)(14,2)—(mid-travel)9531E, 9532E 9531M, 9532MFigure CLarge Thimble MIcrometer Head 9512E, 9524E, 9526E 9512M, 9524M, 9526MFigure BStandard Thimble MIcrometer Head 9511E 9511MFigure AMini Thimble MIcrometer HeadA c c e s s o r i e s9550 Series Digital Micrometer HeadsModel 9551The 9551 precision electronic digital micrometer head provides an LCD readout to 0.00005 inch resolution. The micrometer features:• Incremental and/or absolute positioning modes• Zero set at any position, inch and millimeter readout (0.001 mm resolution), display hold, and automatic shutdown after two hours to conserve the integral battery• 1.00 inch micrometer travel• Battery powered for 500 hours of useModel 9552The 9552 precision electronic digital micrometer offers a 0 – 2 inch travel range with a 0.00005 inch resolution. Features include:• 2 inch spindle• Display face swivels for easy reading at various angles • Non-rotating spindle• Pre-set, zero, and inch/mm • Carbide tipped measuring face•Battery powered for 5,000 hours of use9560 Series Differential ScrewsModel 9560: 0.75 in RangeThe 9560 differential screw offers two linear adjustment ranges in one unit: a coarse adjustment range of 0.31 in (8 mm) with a 48-pitch thread and a fine adjustment range of 0.078 in (2 mm) with a pitch equal to 336 threads per inch. The 9560 is interchangeable with 9511 – 9532 series micrometer heads.9570 Series Fine Adjsutment ScrewsModel 9570: 0.75 in Range Model 9575: 0.50 in RangeThese steel adjustment screws feature a 64-pitch thread, making them ideal for applications where finer resolution is required, but positional readout is not. These screws are easily interchanged with the 9511 – 9532 seriesmicrometer heads.AccessoriesOptical Cell MountsModel 2350: 6.0” DiameterModel 2355: 7.0” DiameterModel 2360: 8.0” DiameterModel 2365: 9.0” DiameterParker Daedal optical mounts are highly stable, adjustablemounts for optics up to 9” in diameter and 1.25” thick.These mounts feature precise kinematic ball pivotadjustment on two axes, with orthogonal three-pointsuspension.Specifications2350235523602365Optic Size Opening – in (mm) Dimension “A” Dia. max.: Thickness:6.03 (153,1)1.00 (25,4)7.06 (179,3)1.25 (31,75)8.06 (204,7)1.25 (31,7)9.06 (230,1)1.25 (31,7)Optic Retention:Threaded retainer 3 mounting clips 3 mounting clips 3 mounting clips Range:5°5°5°5°Resolution:0.5 arc-sec0.5 arc-sec0.5 arc-sec0.5 arc-sec Adjustment: 2 – 64-pitch screws 3 – 32-pitch screws 3 – 32-pitch screws 3 – 32-pitch screws Weight: 7.5 lb (16,5 kg)20 lb (44 kg)20 lb (44 kg)20 lb (44 kg) Construction:Aluminum/stainless steelFinish:Black anodizeA c c e s s o r i e sOptical Cell MountsModel 2370/2371: 10.0” Diameter Model 2375/2376: 11.0” Diameter Model 2380/2381: 12.0” DiameterParker Daedal optical mounts are highly stable, adjustable mounts for optics up to 12” in diameter and 2.0” thick. These mounts feature precise kinematic ball pivot adjustment on two axes, with orthogonal three-point suspension. Solid back models are designed to support reflective optics.AccessoriesMirror Mounts Array Model 5000/5100: 3.0” Square Mounting SurfaceModel 5300/5700: 4.5” Square Mounting SurfaceModel 5800/5900: 6.0” Square Mounting SurfaceParker Daedal mirror mounts are patterned with 1/4-20holes on 0.5” or 1.0” centers to mount mirrors and otherhardware. All models except the 5800 have two fineresolution 64-pitch adjustment screws to provide precisetilting of the mounting surface in two axes. The 5800 isequipped with three adjustment screws to provide precisetilting in two axes.Dimensions – in (mm)Model A B D D E F G 5000 2.00 (50,8) 3.00 (76,2)0.75 (19,1) 2.00 (50,8) 3.75 (95,3) 2.00 (50,8) 3.50 (88,9) 5300 3.00 (76,2) 4.50 (114,3) 1.25 (31,8) 4.00 (101,6) 4.50 (114,3) 2.88 (73,2) 5.12 (130,1) 51000.69 (17,5) 3.00 (76,2) 1.50 (38,1) 2.25 (57,2) 2.00 (50,8) 3.50 (88,9)0.25(6,4) 57000.69 (17,5) 4.50 (114,3) 3.00 (76,2) 3.75 (95,3) 2.88 (73,2) 5.12 (130,1)0.25(6,4) 59000.88(2,4) 6.00 (152,4) 4.00 (101,6) 5.38 (136,7) 3.25 (82,6) 6.25 (158,8)0.31(7,9)E n g i n e e r i n g R e f e r e n c eTravelThe travel listed is the total travel of the positioner from hard stop to hard stop.Bearing Load CapacityNormal LoadThis is the maximumdownward (compression) load or force which can be applied to the positionerof the load must be located in the center ofthe mounting surface. For loads which are offset from thisInverted Loaddirection.Moment LoadThis refers to forces which are offset (cantilevered) from the bearingproducing uneven loading on themeans that some bearings are supporting more of the load than others. For this reason it is very important to determine if the moment loading for a given positioner is within acceptable limits. These moment forces are categorized by the direction they act in Pitch, Roll or Yaw; see diagram at left. When loading results in moments acting in only one of the moment directions (pitch, roll or yaw) it is called a single direction moment. Examples of this type of loading are shown below. How to calculate the maximum allowable moment load is discussed on the following page.Pitch MomentThrust CapacityThrust capacity is or load which can be applied in thecomponents.T a and T b Fine Screw and Differential Screw DrivesWith these types of drives the mounting surface or stage carriage is pressed against the drive mechanism by means of a spring. Because of this the maximum thrust which the stage assembly can maintain is different when pressing toward the spring or away from it. When pressing toward the spring, the force is taken up by the drive mechanism (i.e. micrometer). While pulling away, the force is being held in place by the spring. Stages with this type of mechanism have two thrust capacity specifications (T a and T b ). Tarefers to the load capacity against the micrometer and Tb is the spring load capacity. Refer to specific product drawings for load direction.Screw Drive Thrust CapacityStages which use screw drive assemblies will only have one thrust capacity rating. This rating is for either direction of travel.Straight Line and Flatness AccuracyThis is the amount of error a linear positioner deviates from an ideal straight line. The straight line accuracy is the error in the horizontal plane while flatness is the error in the vertical are measured at the moving carriage surface center.Engineering ReferenceCalculating Maximum Allowable Moment Loads on Linear Slides and StagesTo determine if a load or force is within acceptable moment load ranges follow the steps below:1.Calculate maximum load and or force which will be applied to the positioner. Include brackets and other axes which are mounted to the positioner.2.Locate the center of gravity of the load.3.Determine if there is a single or compound moment.4.Measure the distance from the center of force or C.G.to the center of the linear stage carriage. This is the moment arm length and is designated A s for single direction moments and A c for compound moments.5.Locate the moment load graph for the positioner you are interested in (located in back of individual product section, esee example below). The X axis of the graph is the Force, the Y axis is the allowable moment arm A s for single direction moments.6.Locate the moment curve(s) which your load is acting in (pitch, roll or yaw).7.Locate your load force on the X axis of the graph.8.Draw a vertical line from the Force location on the X axis parallel with the Y axis.9.Find the moment arm distance on the Y axis. Draw a horizontal line from this point parallel with the X axis until the vertical and horizontal lines intersect.10.If the intersection point is below the moment curve in question then the stage is within acceptable limits. If the intersection point is above the moment curve, a positioner with a larger normal load capacity should be selected and the above steps repeated.Yaw & PitchRollForce (N)Moment Arm(mm)4500 / M45004500-DM / M4500-DM050100150200250300350050100150Offer of SaleWARNINGFAILURE OR IMPROPER SELECTION OR IMPROPER USE OF THE PRODUCTS AND/OR SYSTEMS DESCRIBED HEREIN OR RELATED ITEMS CAN CAUSE DEATH,PERSONAL INJURY AND PROPERTY DAMAGE.This document and other information from Parker Hannifin Corporation, its subsidiaries and authorized distributors provide product and/or system options for further investigation by users having technical expertise. It is important that you analyze all aspects of your application and review the information concerning the product or system in the current product catalog. Due to the variety of operating conditions and applications for these products or systems, the user, through its own analysis and testing, is solely responsible for making the final selection of the products and systems and assuring that all performance, safety and warning requirements of the application are met.The products described herein, including without limitation, product features, specifications, designs, availability and pricing, are subject to change by Parker Hannifin Corporation and its subsidiaries at any time without notice.Offer of SaleThe items described in this document are hereby offered for sale by Parker Hannifin Corporation, its subsidiaries or its authorized distributors. This offer and its acceptance are governed by the provisions stated in the “Offer of Sale” found on /emn.©2019 Parker Hannifin Corporation, All Rights Reserved。
标准集装箱货柜尺寸
W :2.352M=7'8.6"
PAYLOAD:26400KGS=58205LBS
H:2.896M=9'6"
H :2.699M=8'10.2"
G/W:30480KGS=67200LBS
45'*8'*9'6"
L : 13.556
27910
76CBM
W : 2.352
H : 2.699
TARE:2360KGS=5180LBS
货物的实际装货体积为：5.900m*2.352m*2.393m=33.2CBM inside cubic33.2CBM.以实际装85%-90%计算33.2CBM*85%=28.22CBM 33.2CBM*90%=29.88CBM
因此1*20’正常情况下可以装28CBM，如果装柜情况良好，货物规格统一，也能装到30CBM
W:2.438M=8'
W :2.352M=7'8.6"
PAYLOAD:21640KGS=47730LBS
H:2.591M=8'6"
H :2.393M=7'10.2"
G/W:24000KGS=52910LBS
40'*8'*8.6'
L:12.190M=40'
L :12.029M=39'5.6"
TARE:3880KGS=8550LBS
特种干货集装箱
Specially Dry Cargo Container
换算率
冷冻柜
Reefer Container
1 meter=3.2808 feet
医学英语词汇（P1）_医学英语词汇
p (①phosphorus ②position ③pulse) ①磷②位置，位③脉搏pa(protactinium) 钋pabular 食品的pacemaker (abbr. pace.) 心脏起搏器，心律器pacemaker electrode 起搏器电极pacemaker neurone 起搏神经元pacemaker of heart 心脏起搏器pacemaker potential 起搏点电位pacemaker programmer 起转器程序控制器pacer analyzer 起搏器分析仪pachometer 厚度测量器pachy- 厚，粗，肥，硬pachymeter 厚度测量器pacify 橡皮奶头pacing system analyzer 起搏分析仪pack ①塞子②组件，容器，包装package ①包装，打包②组合件，部件packed cargo 包装货物packer ①包装机②填塞器，棉塞器packer and tucker 填塞联缝褶器packet ①包，盒②束，件，组packing free 免费包装packing included 包装费在内packing inspection 包装检验packing list 装箱单，包装单packing machine 包装机pacs 医院数字影象信息系统pad 垫，托，衬套padded splint 衬垫夹padder 微调电容器padding 填料，衬垫padding of splints 夹板衬垫paddle agitator 浆式搅拌器pag (pelvic angiography) 骨盆血管造影术page (polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳pager no. 传呼机号paid (abbr. pd.) 付讫paidology 儿科学pail 提桶，壶pail-closet 便桶pain （疼）痛pains transducer 阵痛传感器，分娩痛传感器paint ①涂料，油漆②描写pain threshold 痛阈（引起痛觉的刺激量）pain threshold detector 测痛仪pain threshold surveying instrument 痛阈测量仪pair 一对，一副palate 腭palategraph 腭动描记器palate hook 腭拉钩，提腭钩palate operation elevator 腭手术梃子palate operation hook 腭部手术刀palate retractor 软腭牵开器palate suture needle 腭缝针palatograph 腭动描记器palatography 腭动测量计palatomyograph 腭动描记器palette 调色板palladium (abbr.pd) 钯pallium （大脑）皮层palmoscopy 心搏动检诊法palograph 脉搏描记器palography 脉搏描记法palpation 触诊，扪诊palaption probe 触诊探头palpatorium 触诊器pan 锅，盘，盆pan- 全，总，万，泛panchromatic 全色的panchromatic film 全色胶片pancreata 胰（腺）pancreatography 胰造影术pandocheum 综合医院panel 面板，仪表盘，配电盘panelectroscope 通用电光窥镜panendoscope 广视野通用膀胱镜panendoscopy 广视野内窥镜检查panfundoscope 广视野立体检查眼底镜panhydrometer 通用（液体）比重计panoram ①全影图②全影装置panoramic camera 全景照像机panoramic x-ray unit 全景x射线机pansphygmograph 心脉搏胸动描记器pantograph ①胸廓（外形）描记器②缩图仪pantomography 全体层照像术pantoscope 广角照像机，广角透镜pantoscopic spectacles 双焦点眼镜paper 纸，文件paper chromatograph 纸上色谱仪paper electrophoresis 纸电泳paper electrophoresis apparatus 纸上电泳仪paper filter 过滤纸paper tape coder 纸带编码器paper tape reader 纸带阅读器papillary 乳头的，乳头状的para- 副，类，旁，异常parabola ①抛物线②抛物面反射器paraboloid condenser 抛物面聚光器paracentesis 穿刺术paracentesis knife 穿刺刀paracentesis trocar 穿刺套针paracentetic needle 穿刺针paraffin 石蜡paraffin bath 石蜡浴盆paraffin dispenser 石蜡灌注器paraffin dressing 石蜡敷裹paraffin embedding apparatus 石蜡包埋器paraffin imbedding 石蜡包埋法paraffin melting oven 石蜡溶炉paraffin model 石蜡模型paraffin oil 石蜡油paraffin paper 石蜡纸paraffin section 石蜡切片paraffinum 石蜡parallax 视差parallax stereogram 视差式立体x射线片parallel 平行的，类似的parallel clamp 并联夹parallel grid 平行（x射线）滤线栅parallelogram 平行四边形parallelograph 平行描记器parallelometer 平行线面测量器parallel-plate dialyzer 平板透析器parallel rays 平行光线paramagnetism 顺磁性parameter 参数，参量，计算指标parametric gammascope 参数伽玛镜（用于心肾甲状腺诊断）parametron 参数器，变感元件paramp 参量放大器para-oral 非经口给药的paraphase 倒相parcel 包裹，打包parchment paper 羊皮纸parenteral 不经肠道的，肠胃外的parenteral solution 注射液parietography 脏壁（x射线）照像术part ①部分②零件，部件，元件partal 分娩的partial 局部的，部分的，偏的partial-body irradiation 体分区照射partial occlusion clamp 部分咬合夹partial pressure 分压力particle 粒子，微粒，质点particle counter 颗粒测量计数器，粒子计数器particular 特殊的，详细的partition ①分隔，分配②隔板part per million (abbr.ppm) 兆北率（百万分之几）parturient ①临产的②产妇parturiometer 分娩力计parturition 分娩，生产partus 分娩，生产pass 通过，经过，通路，旁路passage 道，通道pass-by 旁路，通路，搭桥passport no 护照号paste 糊剂，膏pasteurizer 巴氏消毒器pasteurizer and sterilizer 巴氏消毒灭菌器pastille radiometer 纸碟式放射量计patch 补片，罩patch panel 接线板patella 膝盖骨patella compressor 膝关节压迫器patella hook 漆关节钩patellometer 膝关节反射计patent ①专利权②开放的，未闭的patent certificate 专利执照patent ducts clamp 开放导管夹钳path ①道，轨道②电路pathfinder ①牙根管探针②尿道狭窄探针patho- 病pathogen 病原体pathograhy 病情记录pathological section 病理切片pathologic study equipment 病理检查装置pathology 病理学pathometer 发病率记录器pathometry 发病率记录法pathoradiography x射线病理学pathoroentgenography x射线病理学pathway 道，轨迹patient 病人，患者patient cable 病人导联线patient lift 病人升降机patient monitor 病人监护仪patient monitoring system 病人监护系统pattern 模型，图表，样品kpattern number 模型号，型号pattern recognizer 模式识别机pause 间歇，中止，暂停pavex 血和锻炼器pawl 爪，爪状物pay ①给予，支付②工资payload 有效负载payment 支付，付款pba (pressure breathing assister) 加压呼吸器p/c; p/c (priced catalogue) 价目表pce (paper chromatoelectrophoresis) 滤纸色层电泳法pcg (phonocardiogram) 心音图pcg accelerated type transducer 心音加速换能器pcg microphone 心音传声器，心音图扩音器pco2 (partial pressure of carbondioxide) 二氧化碳分压pct. (per cent) 百分数，每百分之……pcv (packed-cell volume) 血细胞压积pcx. (periscopic convex) 周视凸面pd (palladium) 钯peace 和平，和约，友好peak 峰值，最大值，波峰peak catcher 峰值捕集器（原子吸收光度计用）peaker 微分电路，峰化器peak flow meter 最大呼气流量计peaker 尖的，多峰的pecker 穿孔针，接续器pectoral limb 上肢pectoral retractor 胸部牵开器，胸部拉钩peculiarity 特性，特色pedal 脚的，足的pedal absorber 脚踏吸引器pedal extractor 脚踏吸引器pedal switch 脚踏开关pedia- 小儿，儿童pedia-gastrofiberscope 儿童纤维胃镜pediameter ①婴儿测量器②步数计pediatric 儿科的pediatric crib 儿童栏床pediatric examining table 小儿检查床pediatric heart probe 小儿心脏探头pediatric operating scissors 小儿手术剪pedicle clamp 瘤蒂钳pedicle forceps 肾蒂钳pedicle graft 蒂状移植片pediometer ①婴儿测量器②步数计pedo- ①小儿，儿童②足，脚pedobaromacrometer 婴儿体重身长计pedobarometer 婴儿体重计pedodynamometer 脚力测定器pedometer ①婴儿测量器②步数计pef (peak expiratory flow) 最大呼吸流量peg ①钉，插塞②标记peg (pneumoencephalogram) 气脑造影图片pelicometer 骨盆测量计pellet ①小球，丸②片状器件pelleter 压片机，制粒机pellucidity 透明性，透明度pelvi-; pelvio- ①骨盆②肾盂pelvic 骨盆的pelvic clamp 骨盆夹pelvicephalography 骨盆胎头x射线测量术pelvicephalometry 骨盆胎头测量法pelvic hammock 骨盆吊带pelvic limb 下肢pelvicliseometer 骨盆斜度计pelvic support 骨盆托pelvifixation 盆腔器官固定术pelvigraph 骨盆描记器pelvimeter 骨盆测量计pelvimetry 骨盆测量法pelviography 骨盆腔x射线照像术pelvioscope 盆腔镜pelvioscopy 盆腔镜检查pelviroentgenography 盆腔（器官）x射线照像术pelvis ①骨盆②肾盂pelviscope ①骨盆镜②骨盆外形x射线检查仪③盆腔镜pelvitherm 骨盆器官热疗器pelviureterography 肾盂输尿管造影术pelyco- 骨盆pelycogram 骨盆x射线照片pen 钢笔，记录笔pen and ink recorder 自动记录器pencil ①铅笔②记录笔③射束，光束pencil magnet 笔形吸铁器pendulum 摆（锤），振动体penetrameter x射线透度计penetrameter sensitivity 透度计灵敏度penetrate 穿透，渗入penetrology 透射学penetrometer x射线透度计，x射线硬度计penetron ①γ-射线穿透仪②介子，重电子penile clamp 阴茎夹pen inspection torch 钢笔式诊查电筒penis syringe 阴茎注射器pen knife 小刀pen recorder 描笔式记录器pen record oscillograph 笔录式示波器pentagonal prism 五角棱镜pentaprism 五棱镜peptide synthesizer 多肽成仪peptometer 胃蛋白酶测定器per annum 每年per cent (abbr. pct) 百分数，百分之一……（%）percentage 百分数，比率perception 感觉，知觉perceptron 视感控器，感知器perchance 偶然，或许percolation 渗漉法percolator 渗漉器，渗漉筒percussion 叩诊percussion hammer 叩诊锤percussopunctator 梅花针，多尖刺针percussor 叩诊器，打诊槌percutaneous 经皮的percutaneous biliary drainage 经皮胆引流法percutaneous pyelography 肾盂穿刺造影术percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography 经皮越肝胆管造影术percuteur 叩诊器perfect gas 理想气体perfection 完美，完备，精通，熟练perforated stopper 穿孔塞子perforated tray 有孔盘perforating bur 打孔钻perforating drill 颅骨穿孔钻头perforating machine 穿孔机perforation 穿孔，打眼，穿孔术perforator ①穿颅器，穿刺器②穿孔机perform 实行，执行，完成，表演performance test 性能试验perfuse 灌，使充满perfusion 灌注（法），输液perfusion apparatus 灌注器perfusion cannula 灌流套管perfusion control apparatus 自动控制灌注器perfusion experiment 灌流试验perfusion support 输液架perfusion tube 输液管per hour 每小时perhydrol 双氧水peri- 周，周围，附近periarticular 关节周的pericardiac 心包的pericardium 心包peridural 硬膜外的peridurogram 硬膜外造影照片perimeter ①视野计②周长perimeter arc 视野计弧perinatal monitormy 围产其及监护perineal catheter 会阴导尿管perineal crutch 会阴支器perineal forceps 会阴钳perineal needle 会阴缝针perineal retractor 会阴牵开器perineal scissors 会阴剪，外阴剪perineo- 会阴perineometer 会阴收缩力计perineum needle 会阴引线针perineum retractor 会阴牵开器period 期，周期periodental file 牙周锉periodic(dl) ①周期的，循环的②期刊，杂志periodic chart 周期表periodicity ①周期性②周波periodic table 周期表periodogram 周期图periodontal curet 牙周刮匙periodontal file 牙周锉periodontal probe 牙周探子，刻度牙探针periodoscope 分娩日期计算表perioscope 扩视镜，视野计periosteal 骨膜的periosteal detacher 骨膜剥离器periosteal dissector 骨膜剥离器periosteal elevator 骨膜起子periosteal raspatory 骨膜刮periosteal retractor 骨膜牵开器periosteotome 骨膜刀，骨膜分离器periosteum 骨膜periostotome 骨膜刀peripheral vascular clamp 外周血管夹periscope 潜望镜，观测镜periscopic lens 周视透镜periscopic spectacles 周视眼镜peritoneal 腹膜的peritoneal clamp 腹膜钳peritoneal dialysis catheter 腹膜透析管peritoneal didlysis concentrateequipment 腹膜透析浓缩设备peritoneal dialysis machine 腹膜透析器peritoneal dialysis solution 腹膜透析液peritoneal dialyzer 腹膜透析器peritoneal forceps 腹膜钳peritoneal scissors 腹膜剪peritoneo- 腹膜peritoneography 腹膜造影术peritoneoscope 腹腔镜peritoneoscopy 腹腔镜检查peritoneum 腹膜permanent 不变的，永久的，经常的permanent implant 永久性植入物permanent lead introducer 永久性起搏器导线引器permanent memory 永久记忆，长期记忆permanent pacemaker 永久性起搏器permanent sound 留置探子permanent specimen 永久标本pcrmeability ①渗透性②磁导率permeability manometer 渗透压计permeable 可渗透的，可透过的permeameter ①渗透仪②磁导计permissible 容许的，许可的permissible range 容许范围permit 允许，许可permutation 排列，交换，置换permutator 转换开关，交换器peroral 经口的，口服的peroral tracheoscopy 经口气管镜检查perpendicular hook 垂直钩persistence ①持久性，坚持②余辉保留时间（荧光屏）persister 冷持管perisitron 持久显示器personal 人的，个人的personal biophysiograph 肌电生物回授仪personal details 个人札记personality 人格，个性personal scale 人体磅personnel monitor 个人放射量探测器perspective view 透视图pertubation 输卵管灌气法per unit 每单位pervious 可渗透的，能透过的pes (photo-electric scanner) 光电扫描器pessary 子宫托，阴道环pessary forceps 子宫托钳pessary introducer 子宫托导引器pessulum 子宫托，阴道环pessum 阴道环，子宫托pessus 阴道栓pestle 研棒，杵pet (positron emission tomography) 阳电子发射断层摄影术petaloid 花瓣状的petechia 瘀点petechiometer 瘀点计（皮肤毛细管脆性测定器）petiolate 有柄的petiole 柄，茎petro- 石kpetrolatum gauze 凡士林纱布petroletum 石油petrolin 石蜡-pexy 固定，固定术pezzer's catheter 蕈头导管pezzer's self-retaining catheter 蘑菇头形留置导尿管ph (potential of hydrogen) ph值（氢离子浓度倒数的对数，用以表示溶液的酸碱度）phaco- ①晶体状②透镜phacocystectomy 晶状体囊切除术phacoid 透镜状的phacoidoscope 晶状体镜phacometer 检镜片计phacoscope 晶状体镜phacoscopy 晶状体镜检查phago- 食，吞噬phagodynamometer 嚼力计phakoscope 晶状体镜phalangeal knife 指（趾）骨刀phalanges saw 指锯，掌骨锯phanero- 明显，清楚phaneroscope 皮肤透照镜phaneroscopy 皮肤透照检查phantom 人体模型，仿真模型phantom bead 模拟人头pharmaceutical 药学的，制药的pharmaceutics 药剂学，制剂pharmacist 药师，调剂员pharmaco- 药学，药物pharmacodiagnosis 药物诊断pharmacology 药理学pharmacopeia (abbr.ph) 药典pharmacy ①药学，药剂学②药房pharmacy equipment 药房设备pharmacy refrigerator 药房用冰箱pharyngeal 咽的pharyngeal airway 咽导气管pharyngeal probang 咽除鲠器pharyngeal speculum 窥咽器pharyngo- 咽pharyngolaryngeal 咽喉的pharytube 咽喉导管pharyngorhinoscopy 鼻咽镜检查pharyngoscope 咽镜，窥咽器pharyngoscopy 咽镜检查pharyngotome 咽刀pharyngotomy 咽切开术pharynx 咽pharynx-tonsillotome 腺样体切除刀，咽部一扁桃体切除器phase 相，期，方面phase comparator 相位比较器phase contrast 相位差，相衬phase contrast microscope 相位差显微镜phase contrast objective 相位差物镜phase contrast turret condenser 相位差回转式聚光器phase array sector scanner 相阵扇形扫描仪phase difference 相位差，相差phase difference microscope 相位差显微镜phased-inverting amplifier 相位差放大器phase meter 相位差计phase microscope 相衬显微镜phase separator 分相器phasometer 相位差计ph/bloodgas analyzer ph值/血气分析仪ph electrode 酸度计电极phellos 木栓，软木塞phenol-formaldehyde resin 酚甲醛树脂phenolphthalein 酚酞phenomenon ①现象②珍品，奇迹phial 管形瓶，小药瓶philips cathode 菲利普阴极philips gauge 菲利普真人计，冷电极电离真空计philips scrwdriver 菲立浦十字头起子phimosis dilator 包茎扩张器phimosis forceps 包茎镊ph indcator ph值指示器，酸度指示器phlebo- 静脉phlebogram ①静脉x射线照片②静脉搏动图phlebograph 静脉搏动描记器phlebograhy 静脉造影术phlebomanometer 静脉血压计phlebotome 静脉刀phlegm cup 痰杯ph measuring apparatus ph值测定仪ph meter ph计，氢离子计，酸碱计phon （响度级的单位）phon-; phono- 声音phonacoscope 叩听诊器phonal 音的，声音的phonarteriogram 动脉音图phonarteriography 动脉音描记法phonautogram 语音描记图phonautograph 语音描记器phone ①语音②电话，受话器-phone 声音，音器phonemeter 测声计phonendoscope 扩音听诊器phonendoscopy 扩音听诊器检查phonendoskiascope x射线透视扩音听诊器（心脏用）phonetic adding machine 语音计算机phonetic typewriter 口授打字机phono- 声音phonocardiogram(abbr.pcg) 心音图phonocardiograph(abbr.pcg) 心音描记器，心音计phonocardiograph amplifier 心音放大器phonocardiography 心音描记法phonocardio-transducer 心音换能器phonocatheter 检心音导管，导声管phonodeik 声波显示仪phonoelectrocardiograph 心音心电计phonoelectrocardioscope 心音心电直描记器phonofilm 有声电影phonogram 录音片phonograph 留声机，唱机phonolaryngograph 发声机能描记仪phonometer 音强度计，测音计phonomyogram 肌音图phonomyography 肌音描记法phonon 声子，振动量子phonophore 扩音听诊器phonophotography 音波照像术phonoreceptor 音感受器phonorecorder 唱片phonorenogram 检音肾动脉搏动图phonoscope ①心音波照像机②内脏叩听器phonoscopy ①心音波照像检查②内脏叩听检查phonoselectoscope 高音听诊器phonostethograph 听诊录音机phonotransducer 心音换能器-phore 器phoriagraph 隐斜视矫正器phoria-measure 陷斜视测量器phoriascope 隐斜视矫正镜phorometer 隐斜视计phorometry 陷斜视测量法phoro-optometer 综合屈光检查仪，隐斜视计phoropter 综合屈光检查仪phoroptor 综合屈光检查仪phoroscope 固定试眼架，检眼器phorotone 眼肌操练器phosphate buffer 磷酸盐缓冲液phosphatometer （尿）磷酸盐定量器phosphor 磷光体phosphoroscope 磷光测定器，磷光镜phosphorus(abbr.p) 磷phot-; photo- ①光，光电②照像phot(e) ①辐透②厘米烛光（照明单位）photelometer 光电比色计photic 光的，感光的，透光的photic & sonic stimulator 光音刺激器photic stimulator 光刺激器photion 充气光电二极管photistor 光敏晶体管photo(photograph) 照片，照像photo- ①光，光电②照像photoacoustic spectrometer 光声分光计photo-amplifier 光电放大器photoanalysis 光电分析photobattery 光电池photocamera 照像机photo cathode 光电阴极photocautery ①放射烙器②放射烙术photocell ①光电池②光电管photocell eye 光电管眼photocell pick-off 光电管传感器photoceptor 光感受器photochemical apparatus 光化学器photochrome 彩色照片photocoagulator 视网膜凝固器photocolorimeter 光比色计photocolposcope 照像阴道镜photoconductive resistance 光敏电阻photocystoscope 膀胱内照像器photodensitometer 光密度计photodetector 光检测器，光电探测器photodiode 光电二极管photodosimeter 光电测量计photo-effect 光效应photoelectric 光电的photoelectric colorimeter 光电比色计photoelectric colorimeter cell 光电比色皿photoelectric comparator 光电变换器photoelectric counter 光电计数器photoelectric densitometer 光电显像测密度计photoelectric effect 光电效应phoyorlectric rquation 光电方程式photoelectric hemoglobinometer 光电血红蛋白计photoelectric icterometer 光电黄疸计photoelectricity 光电，光电学photoelectric microphotometer 光电测微光度计photoelectric nephelometer 光电比浊计photoelectric nephelotitrator 光电浊度滴定器photoelectric photometer 光电光度计photoelectric plethysmogram 光电体积描记图photoelectric spectrophotometer 光电分光光度计photoelectric timer 光电定时钟photoelectric tube 光电管photoelectrometer 光电比色计photoelectron 光电子photoelement 光电管，光电池photoesthetic 感光的，光觉的photo-eyepiece 照像接目镜photofluorogram 荧光x射线（照）片photofluorographic apparatus x射线荧光摄影机photofluorographic camera x射线荧光摄影机photofluorography 荧光x射线照像术photofluorometer 荧光测定计photofluoroscope 荧光x射线照像机photofluoroscopy 荧光x射线照像检查photogastroscope 摄影胃镜，胃内照像器photogene 后像，余像photogenerator 光电信号发生器photogenic 发光的，光源性的photogram ①照片②摄影像（生理实验的摄影记录）photograph 照片，照像photographic attachment 照像装置，摄影装置photographic camera 摄影机，照像机photographic cystoscope 摄影膀胱镜photographic densitometer 摄影密度计photographic dish 显影盘photographic eyepiece 摄影用灯photographic film 软片，胶卷photographic lamp 摄影用灯photographic lens 摄影镜头photographic objective 摄影物镜photographic paper 晒像纸，印像纸photographic photometer 摄影光度计photographic plate 照像底片photographic radiometer 感光纸辐射计，照像纸式放射量计photographic spectroscope 照像分光镜photographic telescope 摄影望远镜photographic thermometer 照像药液温度计photographing unit 照相机photography 摄影术，照像术photography microscope 照像显微镜photohalide 感光性卤化物photohematachometer 血流速度照像器，照像血流速度计photokeratoscope 照像角膜镜photo knife 光刀（激光手术刀）photokymograph 记录照像机，光转筒记录器photology 光学photolometer 光电比色计photometer 光度计，光觉计photometry 光度学，光度测定法photomicrograph 显微照片photomicrographic apparatus 显微摄影仪photomicrographic camera 显微镜摄影机photomicrography 显微照像术photomicroscope 显微照像器，摄影显微镜photomicroscopy 显微照像术photomodulator 光调制器photomotograph 肌动光电描记器photomultiplier 光电倍增器photomultiplier tube 光电倍增管photon 光子photon detector 光子探测器photopaper 照像纸photophase 光照阶段photophone 光音器photophore 检鼻喉灯photoprint 照片，像片photoprint paper 印像纸photoptometer 光觉计photoptry 光觉单位photoradiometer 光辐射剂量仪，x射线辐射量计photoreceptor 光感受器photorectifier 光电检波器photorepeater 照像复印机photoresistance 光敏电阻photoresistor 光敏电阻器photoroentgenography 荧光x射线照像术photoscan 光扫描图photoscanner 光扫描器photoscanning 光扫描photoscope 透视镜（荧光屏）photoscopy x射线透视检查photosensitizer 感光剂photo-sensor 光电传感器photo slit lamp system 照像裂隙灯系统photostethoscope 光波显音器（观察胎儿心搏用）photostimulation 光刺激photoswitch 光电开关photosynthesis 光合作用photosyntometer 光合计phototelegraphy 电传真phototherapy unit 光疗机phototimer 光电定时器，照像计时器phototransistor 光电晶体管phototube 光电管phototube photometer 光电管光度计phototurbidometer 光电比浊计phototurbidometry 光电比浊法photobision 电视photoboltaic cell 光电池photronreflectometer 光电反射计phren ①膈②精神，意志phreno- ①膈②精神，意志phrenocolopexy 膈结肠固定术phrenograph 膈动描记器phthalein 酞phthaleinometer 酞定量器，酞量计ph value ph值ph value comparator 氢离子浓度比值器physic ①医学②药品physical ①身体的②物理的physical diagnosis 物理诊断physical life 实用寿命，物理寿命physical therapy apparatus 物理治疗仪physician 医师（尤指内科医师）physician's bag 医用出诊包physician's emergency bag 医生急救包physicist 物理学家physics 物理学physio- ①生理②自然physiochemical instruments 生理化学仪器physiograph 生理记录仪，电生理现象测定仪physiological bedside monitor 生理床边监护仪physiological gas analyser 生理气体分析仪physiological grapher 生理记录仪physiological pressure transducer 生理压力换能器physiological recorder 生理记录仪physiological response recorder 生理反应记录器physiological solt solution 生理盐溶液physiology 生理学physiometry 生理机能测验physiotherapy 物理治疗physiotherapy couch 理疗床physiotherapy equipment 理疗设备physiotherapy unit 物理治疗仪physique 体格pi(isoelectric point) 等电点pick 签，牙签pick-off 传感器，敏感元件pickup ①拾波，拣起②传感器，换能器，拾音器pickup tube 摄像管pico- 微微（10-12）picogram 微微克，沙克picometer(abbr.pm.or. μμ) 微微米（10-10cm）pictograph 剪影儿童视力表pictorial display 图像显示picture 图，像，图片picture element 像素picture quantizer 图像数学转换器picture taking lens 拍照镜头picture tube 显像管piece(abbr. pc.) ①个，件，块，②部件piesesthesia 压觉piesimeter 压觉计，压力计piesis 血压piesometer 压力计，压觉计piezo- 压，压力，压电piezocardiogram 心动压力图piezoelectric driver 压电推进器piezoelectricity 压电现象，压电学piezoelectric transducer 压电换能器piezoid 石英片，石英晶体piezometer ①眶压计②压力计，压觉计piezoquartz 压电石英，压电晶体pigment 色素，色料，涂剂pil e ①痔②堆，大量pile clamp 夹痔钳，痔夹pile forceps 痔钳pill 丸剂，药丸pill finisher 整丸器pill mass roller 丸剂块滚研机pillow 枕头pillow case 枕套pillow splint 枕头夹（下肢骨折用）pill tile 丸剂板pilot 引导，指示pilot bell 监视铃piloting trocar 引导套针pilot lamp 指示灯pilot lamp bulb 指示灯电珠pin 针，钉，插头pincet 小镊子pincette 小镊子pinch-band technic 夹片法pinch-cock 弹簧夹pinch meter 握力器pin cutter 针状剪pin cutting pliers 剪针钳pin forceps 断针钳pinhole 针孔，塞孔pinhole nippers 针孔钳pinion 小齿轮，粗齿轮pin jack 管脚插孔pink ①粉红色②（皮革等）饰孔，小孔pin-point tracing 针尖描记法pin punch 牙针钻孔器pint(abbr. pt.) 品脱（溶量及容量单位）pio- 脂，脂肪pioscope 乳脂计pip ①尖头信号，标记②脉冲pipe ①管，导管②管形物pipe stem oxygen system 导管式供氧装置pipe-still 管式蒸馏釜pipet 吸（量）管，移液管pipette 吸（量）管，移液管pipette basket 吸管篮pipette dilator 吸和吸释器pipette dryer 吸管干燥箱pipette for red corpuscles 红血球吸管pipette for white corpuscles 白血球吸管pipette rack 吸量管架pipette stand 吸管架pipettor 吸移管管理器，手按移液器piscina 浴盆pistol ①手持喷枪②手枪piston 活塞，柱塞piston recorder 活塞式记录器piston-type flowmeter 活塞式流量计pitometer 管流计，流速计pitot's tube 比托管（测量血流速度）pituitarium 垂体pituitary curette 垂体刮匙pituitary dissector 垂体剥离器pituitary forceps 垂体镊pituitary retraction forceps 垂体牵开镊pituitary retractor 垂体牵开器pituitary rongeur 垂体咬骨钳pituitary spoon 垂体匙pivot bur 柱钻pivot extractor 拔柱器place ①地点，位置②安插，装入placebo 安慰剂，对照剂placenta 胎盘placenta irrigating curet 胎盘冲洗刮匙placental 胎盘的placental auger 胎盘螺旋钻placental clamp 胎盘夹placental curet 胎盘刮匙placental forceps 胎盘钳placental hook 胎盘钩placental spiral 胎盘螺旋钻placentogram 胎盘（造影）照片placentography 胎盘造影术place of delivery 交货地点place of dlstination 到货口岸olain asbestos yarn 普通石棉线plain bone chisel 平骨凿plain film 平片plain paper 空白纸plaited paper filter 折纸滤器plan ①计划，设计②设计图，平面图plane ①平面，投影②水平，水准③飞机plane grating 平面光栅plane grating spectrograph 平面光栅摄谱机plane mirror 平面镜plane surface mirror 平面镜planigram x射线体层照片，x射线断层照片planigraph 平面摄影机planigraphic unit 平面摄影装置planigraphy x射线体层照像术，x射线断层照像术planigraphy couch 平面摄影床planimeter 面积计planoconcave 现凹的planoconcave lens 平凹透镜，平凹镜片planoconvex 平凸的planoconvex lens 平凸镜片，平凸透镜planogram x射线体层照片，x射线断层照片planography x射线体层照像术，x射线断层照像术plant ①设备，装置②站plasma 浆，血浆plasma clearance 血浆清除率plasma cure unit 膜型血浆分离器plasmapheresis monitor 血浆除去监视器plasma thromboplastin factor 血浆凝血激酶因子plaster 石膏，硬膏剂plaster bandage cutter 切石膏绷带器plaster bandage knife 拆石膏绷带刀plaster bandage saw 石膏绷带锯plaster bandage shears 石膏绷带剪plaster bad 石膏床plaster blade 石膏刀片plaster dilator 石膏撑开器plaster gauze 石膏纱布plaster impression 石膏印模plaster knife 石膏刀plaster model 石膏模型plaster mull 硬膏布plaster of paris 熟石膏，锻石膏，干燥硫酸钙plaster of paris bed 石膏床plaster of paris saw 石膏绷带锯plaster of paris scissors 石膏绷带剪plaster of paris spreader 石膏摊开器plaster of paris stocking 石膏靴plaster saw 石膏锯plaster scissors 石膏绷带剪plaster shears 石膏绷带剪plaster spatula 石膏调刀plaster splint 石膏夹plaster spreader 石膏摊开器plaster table 石膏床plastic ①塑料，塑料制品②整形的plastic-backed magnetic tape 塑料磁带plastic bladder catheter 塑料膀胱导管plastic bucket 塑料提水桶plastic dental face 塑料牙面plastic denture 塑料托牙plastic-filling apparatus 粘固粉填充器，成形充填器palstic-filling instrument 粘固粉充填器，成形充填器。
高考英语语法填空热点话题押题：专题36 山东河北月考联考语法填空16篇 (国家生态日+航天员桂海潮)
高考英语语法填空热点话题押题预测专题36 山东河北10月月考联考语法填空16篇（国家生态日+航天员桂海潮+八段锦+西班牙人中医缘+反向旅游）养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
（2023秋·山东德州·德州市第一中学10月月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
complexity of China. Through his work, he has also helped to promote sustainable tourism and conservation efforts in China.Despite his many years of travel in China, Leffman says he still has much 18 (learn) about the country. He is continually fascinated by the 19 (rich) and diversity of Chinese culture and history and looks forward to continuing his exploration of the country in the 20 (come) years.（2023秋·山东·高三校联考开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This year, August 15th marked China’s first National Ecology Day,21 aims to raise awareness of environmental protection and address unlawful activities and safeguard the development of forestry and grassland resource 22 law.The establishment of National Ecology Day will enhance ecological understanding among the public and help the nation 23 (well) participate in global environment and climate governance.The move 24 (see) as part of China’s efforts to build an ecological civilization, a concept that glorifies balanced and sustainable development and harmonious coexistence between 25 (human) and nature 26 promotes the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.China’s laws and administrative regulations27 (involve) the environment and ecology, 28 (base) on what environmental difficulties villagers are eager to solve and what ecological measures should be taken urgently from their opinions, have laid a solid legislative (立法的) foundation for the ecological civilization.29 makes Aug. 15 special is that on that day in 2005, the concept of “lucid waters and lush mountains” was first put forward, being 30 (value) assets.（2023秋·山东·高三校联考阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
标准集装箱货柜尺寸
货物的实际装货体积为：5.900m*2.352m*2.393m=33.2CBM inside cubic33.2CBM.以实际装85%-90%计算33.2CBM*85%=28.22CBM 33.2CBM*90%=29.88CBM
因此1*20’正常情况下可以装28CBM，如果装柜情况良好，货物规格统一，也能装到30CBM
开顶柜
Open Top Container
1 inches=0.083333 feet
平板柜
Flat Rack Container
1meter =39.37 inches
板架柜
Platform Container
1 inches=0.0254 meter
成衣柜
Garmentainers
1meter=1.1码(yard)
特种干货集装箱
Specially Dry Cargo Container
换算率
冷冻柜
Reefer Container
1 meter=3.2808 feet
冷藏柜
Refrigerated Container
1 feet =0.3048meter
保温柜
Insulated Container
1 feet =12 inch
种类
Overall Measures
Inside Measures
载重量（KG）Payload(kgs)
容积(CBM) Inside Cubic
国际标准
干货集装箱
International Dry
Cargo Container
20'*8'*8'6"
MaximumPayloadsu：payloadsu最大
Maximum Payload 38.0 m tons (41.9 U.S. tons)Maximum Payloadwith Standard Liners 35.8 m tons (39.4 U.S. tons)Maximum GMW69 854 kg (154000 lb)Engine Cummins QSK19-C525 Rated Power 392 kW (525 hp)Specifications:EH700ENGINEMake CumminsModel QSK19-C525Type 4 CycleAspiration Turbocharged/AftercooledRated Power(SAE @ 2100 rpm)kW hp392525 Flywheel Power(SAE @ 2100 rpm)kW hp362486 No. Cylinders6Bore & Stroke mm159 x 159in 6 1/4 x 6 1/4 Displacement L in318.9 1 150 Maximum Torque@ 1300 rpm N•m lb/ft 2 407 1 775 Torque Rise30%Starting ElectricTRANSMISSIONAllison M5610. Planetary type, full automatic shifting. Integral torque converter, with automatic lock-up in all ranges. Remote mounted.Six forward speeds, two reverse. Allison Transmission Commercial Electronic Control (CEC II) shift system. Trim Boost Soft Shift provides smooth shifting to help reduce operator fatigue.Maximum Speeds @ governed engine speedDifferential 3.13:1 3.13:1 2.81:1 Planetary 5.25:1 6.00:1 5.25:1 Gear Ratio km/h mph km/h mph km/h mph1 4.0011.37.010.2 6.312.67.82 2.6816.910.515.29.418.811.73 2.0122.514.020.212.625.015.64 1.3533.520.830.118.737.323.25 1.0045.228.140.625.350.331.3 60.6768.242.561.338.176.047.2R1 5.128.9 5.58.0 5.09.9 6.2R2 3.4613.28.211.97.414.79.1 DRIVE AXLEFull floating axle shafts, reduction provided by Euclid Model 2052 differential and single reduction planetary with balanced life gearing n each wheel to maximize gear life.Optional Active Traction Control (ATC) with Electronic Downhill Speed Control (EDSC) available.Ratios Standard Optional Optional Differential 3.13:1 3.13:1 2.81:1 Planetary 5.25:1 6.00:1 5.25:1Total Reduction16.43:118.78:114.75:1 Maximum Speedswith 18.00R33 Tires km/h68.2km/h61.3km/h76.0mph42.5mph38.1mph47.2TIRESStandard – Front and Rear Rim Width18.00R33(**)E4 Radial mm in33013 Optional tires, brands and treads available.ELECTRICAL SYSTEMTwenty-four volt lighting and accessories system. 75 amp alternator with integral transistorized voltage regulator. Two 900 amps coldcranking, 12 volt maintenance free heavy duty batteries connected in series.Standard CONTRONIC II monitoring and central warning system with built-in diagnostics. Standard Liquid Crystal Display.BODY CAPACITYm3yd3 Struck (SAE)17.022.2Heap 3:121.628.2Heap 2:1 (SAE)23.931.2WEIGHTSkg lb Chassis with Hoist24 59154 212Body7 25716 000Net Machine Weight31 84870 212Maximum GMW with Std. Tires[18.00R33(**)E4]Including Options, 50% Fuel,Operator & Payload Not to Exceed69 854154 000Maximum Payload38 00683 788Major OptionsApproximate change in Net Machine Weight:Body Liners - complete - 400 BHN Steel 2 230 4 916 Max. Payload with Body Liners, Complete35 77678 872Weight Distribution FRONT REAREmpty50.1%49.9%Loaded33.0%67.0%STEERING SYSTEMClosed-center, full-time hydrostatic power steering system using two double-acting cylinders, pressure limit with unload piston pump and brake actuation/steering system reservoir. Accumulator providessupplementary steering in accordance with SAE J1511 and ISO 5010.Tilt/telescopic steering wheel with 35 degrees of tilt and 57,15 mm2.25"telescopic travel.Steering Angle42°Turning Diameter (SAE)m ft16.1553.0Steering Pump Output L/min gpm95.825.3System Pressure kPa psi18 961 2 7502Standard and optional equipment may vary from country to country.Special options provided on request. All specifications are subject to change without notice.33 20010'6"3 76012'4"4 57015'0"7602'6"3 78012'5"3 86012'8" 3 28010'9"5 79019'0"4 27014'0"8 36027'5"2 1607'1" 2 1807'2"2 4408'0"1 3204'4"60°5101'8"3 48011'5"3 76012'4"1 5505'1"4 55014'11"2 6408'8"3 81012'6"8 10026'7"2 6408'8"STANDARD EQUIPMENTGENERALCABGAUGES AND INDICATORS MACHINE LIGHTS Back-up light, (2)Clearance lights, (2)HID headlights, (4)Stop & tail, (2) Turn signals and four-way flashersACCU-TRAC suspension system All-hydraulic brakingAllison M5600 transmission Automatic transmission shifting Battery disconnect switchBody down indicator, mechanical Body down cushioning Body up speed restriction Body prop pins Canopy spill guardContinuous heated body Driveline guard, front Electric horns Electric start Electronic hoistEngine belt protection Fan guard FendersFixed steering stopsFront brake cut-off switch Guard rails HID headlights Hoist interlockHoist tank sight gauge ISO decals LED tail lights Load/dump brake Mirrors right and left,hand adjustable Mud flapsNEOCON suspension struts Park brake interlock Radiator grill guard Reverse alarm Rock ejector bars Steering accumulator Steering tank sight gauge Swing-out grilleTires, 18.00R33(**)E4Tow points front/rear Transmission guardTransmission sight gauge Two-speed reverseLoad counter Service intervals, job site adjustable Throttle position Total engine hours Total idle hours VoltmeterModular instrumentation Quick connect test ports Roll down windows Rubber floor mat Safety glassSeat belts, retractable (operator/trainer)Seat, mechanical 6 position Sun visorTilt/telescopic steering wheel Tinted glass all windows Trainer seat12 volt 50 amp circuit12 volt accessory connection Windshield washerWindshield wiper, intermittentCONTRONIC II monitoring and alarm system, multi-function indicator lights:Air filter restriction Alternator Body upBrake system low pressure Central warningConverter temperature Coolant levelCooling temperature Do not shiftEngine oil pressure Engine service Engine shut down High beam indicator Hydraulic filterPark brake applied Retard oil temperature Steering filter Steering pressure Steering temperature Transmission filterTransmission malfunction Transmission oil pressure Turn signals/hazard Gauges:Brake temperature Converter temperature Coolant temperature Hourmeter (LCD)Speedometer Steering/brake pressure TachometerAcoustical lining Air conditioningAir filtration/replaceable element Ash trayCab interior light Cigar lighter, 12 volt Door locksFoot rest (left and right)Heater and defroster 26,000 Btu Integral ROPS/FOPS cab ISO driver envelope Liquid Crystal Display*(CONTRONIC) II Boost pressure Clutch pressure Distance traveled Engine oil pressure Fuel gauge Fuel pressure Gear selectionInjector timing rail-pressure Intake manifold temperature Integrated engine diagnostics Integrated transmission diagnostics OPTIONAL EQUIPMENTAir suspension seatACTIVE TRACTION CONTROL (ATC) w/ELECTRONIC DOWNHILL SPEED CONTROL (EDSC)Body liners (400 BHN) plates light or heavy dutyBody sideboard extensions Canopy spill guard extension Cold start aidDifferential, 2.81:1 ratio Driveline guard, rearEngine compartment lightsEngine compartment step Engine heater (oil & coolant)Extra reverse alarm HAULTRONIC II-load monitoring system HoodsidesKim Hotstart pre-heaters Lube system, automatic Lube system, centralized Muffler, deck mounted Radio & tape player Starter lock-out switch Tires (size, type & rating)Unit sound suppressionNote:Dimensions shownare for empty machine with 18.00R33(**) E4 tires.Equipment & Dimensions:EH700unit:mmft inservice braking, secondaryretraction to prevent drag.rubber-backed carpeting andmultiple layered floor mat act to absorbsound and control interior temperature. A properly maintained cab5SUSPENSIONFront and Rear SuspensionFor years, Euclid haulers have enjoyed an industry-wide reputation for superior suspension systems. That experience and knowledge has now been pushed to the next level, to develop the truly advanced ACCU-TRAC suspension for the EH700. To make sure it was fine tuned to the limit, Lotus Engineering, a world leader in suspension design, was contracted to review the entire system to assure optimized ride and handling performance.The new ACCU-TRAC suspension system features independent trailing arms for each front wheel with NEOCON struts, containing energy absorbing gas and compressible NEOCON-E™ fluid,mounted between the king pins and the frame. This arrangement allows a wider front track that provides a better ride, improved stability and a reduced turning circle. The rear axle housing has an A-frame mounting. The rear NEOCON struts are mounted in a more vertical position which allows a more pure axial loading and reduces the tractive and braking forces transmitted to the nose cone.NEOCON struts outperform competitive strut designs by improving isolation, stability, and control. Improved isolation means reduced impact loading on the structural members of the machine and greater operator comfort, resulting in longer equipment life and increased productivity. Improved stability means more consistent dynamic response of the machine to fluctuating load energy, resulting in predictable machine performance. And improved control means better machine maneuverability.The Euclid frame and ACCU-TRAC suspension system are designed to work in unison to provide maximum structural integrity and operator comfort. The fabricated rectangular frame rail construction provides superior resistance to bending and torsional loads while eliminating unnecessary weight. The unique ACCU-TRAC independent trailing arm suspension absorbs haul road input, minimizing suspension-induced frame twisting while providing independent tire action.NEOCON ride struts are mounted with spherical bushings, eliminating extreme sidewall forces by ensuring a purely axial input to the ride strut. The wide track stance of the ACCU-TRAC suspension system and the long wheel base assure a more stable, comfortable ride.BODYBody is a flat floor, sloped tailshoot type. It is rubber cushioned and continuously exhaust-heated. High tensile strength 400 BHN abrasion-resistant alloy steel is used in thickness of:mmin Floor 160.63Front 80.31Sides 80.31Canopy 50.20Body Liners, Complete Floor & Corners 100.39Side, front, end protection 60.24Top rails 100.39High yield strength alloy steel is also used for canopy side members and floor stiffeners. The Euclid horizontal stiffener design minimizes stressconcentrations. Load shocks are dissipated over the entire body length. Closely spaced stiffeners provide additional protection by minimizingdistances between unsupported areas.SERVICE CAPACITIESL U.S.gal Crankcase (includes filters)61.016.0Transmission 70.018.5Cooling System 159.042.0Fuel Tank 454.2120.0Hydraulics Hoist System 159.042.0Steering System 90.824.0Drive Axle50.313.1Windshield Washers5.71.5FRAMEFull fabricated box section main rails with section height tapered from rear to front. Wider at the rear to support the loads and narrower at the front to allow for engine accessibility. One piece top and bottom flanges that eliminate cross member tie in joints and provide a large exposed center area for access to major components. Large radii at frame junctions are blended and ground to minimize stress concen-trations. Weld joints are oriented longitudinally to the principal flow of stress for greater durability and more strength. Frame utilizes 345MPa 50,000 psi yield high strength low alloy steel that is robotically welded to ensure consistently high quality welds.NMW RETARDER CHARTEH700Grade Length 450m 1 500 ftVEHICLE SPEED1ST2ND3RD4TH5TH6THR I M P U L LG R A D E I N %201816141210 86 4 2NMWPERFORMANCE CHARTEH700VEHICLE SPEEDR I M P U L LG R A D E I N %25201510 5NMW RETARDER CHARTEH700Grade Length 1 500m 5 000 ftVEHICLE SPEED1ST2ND3RD4TH5TH6THG R A D E I N %201816141210 8 64 2 0NMW RETARDER CHARTEH700Grade Length 900m 3 000 ftVEHICLE SPEED1ST2ND3RD4TH5TH6THG R A D E I N %201816141210 8 64 2NMW RETARDER CHARTEH700Grade Length 600m 2 000 ftVEHICLE SPEED1ST2ND3RD4TH5TH6THG R A D E I N %201816141210 8 6 4 2 0RETARDER CHARTEH700Grade Length ContinuousVEHICLE SPEED1ST2ND3RD4TH5TH6THG R A D E I N %201816141210 8 6 42 00 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80--------------------mphkm/h 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80--------------------mphkm/h 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80--------------------mphkm/h 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80--------------------mphkm/h 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80--------------------mphkm/h 20-15-10-5-0-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5-0-40-30-20-10-0-100-90-80-70-60-50-40-30-20-10-0-VEHICLE WEIGHTlbs x1000kg x 1000 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 100-----------0---lbs x 1000kg x 1000MAX GMWNMWMAXGMW0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80--------------------mphkm/h MAXGMW50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5-0-MAX GMW50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5-0-50-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5-0-MAX GMW30 25lbs x1000kg x 1000 30 25lbs x1000kg x 1000 30 25lbs x1000kg x 1000 30 25lbs x1000kg x 1000 30 2530R I M P U L L20-15-10-5-0-R I M P U L L20-15-10-5-0-R I M P U L L20-15-10-5-0-R I M P U L L20-15-10-5-0-MAXGMW50-150-lbs x 1000kg x100050-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-5-0---VEHICLE WEIGHT--lbs x 1000kg x 1000 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 ---------100--502575VEHICLE WEIGHT--lbs x 1000kg x 1000 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 ---------100--502575VEHICLE WEIGHT--lbs x 1000kg x 1000 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 ---------100--502575VEHICLE WEIGHT-lbs x 1000kg x 1000 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 ---------100--502575VEHICLE WEIGHT-lbs x 1000kg x 1000 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 ---------100--502575Under our policy of continuous product improvement, we reserve the right to change specifications and design without prior notice. The illustrations do not necessarily show the standard version of the machine.INSTRUCTIONS:Diagonal lines represent total resistance (Grade % plus rolling resistance %). Charts based on 0% rolling resistance, standard tires and gearing unless otherwise stated.1.Find the total resistance on diagonal lines on right-hand border of performance or retarder chart.2.Follow the diagonal line downward and intersect the NMW or GMW weight line.3.From intersection, read horizontally right or left to intersect theperformance or retarder curve.4.Read down for machine speed.NOTE:Photos and illustrations throughout may show optional equipment.Performance Data:EH700Printed in JapanHead Office: 5-1 Koraku 2-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8563, Japan Telephone: (03)3830-8050Facsimile : (03)3830-8202Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.KR-E11801.6 (KA/KA, FT 3)。
原神GPS Multi Micro Hornet ORG1510评估套件数据手册说明书
Multi Micro Hornet (ORG1510) EVALUATION KITDatasheetO r i g i n G P S . c o mINDEX1. SCOPE (4)2. DISCLAIMER (4)3. SAFETY INFORMATION (4)4. ESD SENSITIVITY (4)5. CONTACT INFORMATION (4)6. RELATED DOCUMENTATION (4)7. REVISION HISTORY (5)8. ABOUT HORNET FAMILY (5)9. ABOUT MULTI MICRO HORNET MODULE (5)10. ABOUT ORIGINGPS (6)11. DESCRIPTION (6)12. SCHEMATICS (7)12.1. MAIN BOARD SCHEMATICS (7)12.2. INTERFACE ADAPTOR SCHEMATICS (8)13. BILL OF MATERIALS (9)13.1. MAIN BOARD BILL OF MATERIALS (9)13.2. INTERFACE ADAPTOR BILL OF MATERIALS (9)14. ASSEMBLY AND LAYOUT (10)14.1. MAIN BOARD PCB (10)14.2. INTERFACE ADAPTOR PCB (12)15. TTL-232R-3V3 USB-Serial CONVERTER CABLE (15)TABLE INDEXTABLE 1 – RELATED DOCUMENTATION (4)TABLE 2 – REVISION HISTORY (5)TABLE 3 – MAIN BOARD BILL OF MATERIALS (9)TABLE 4 – INTERFACE ADAPTOR BILL OF MATERIALS (9)TABLE 5 –USB-SERIAL CONVERTER CABLE HEADER PIN-OUT (15)TABLE 6 –USB-SERIAL CONVERTER CABLE OPERATING PARAMETERS (15)FIGURE INDEXFIGURE 1 – MAIN BOARD SCHEMATICS (7)FIGURE 2 – INTERFACE ADAPTOR SCHEMATICS (8)FIGURE 3 – MAIN BOARD COMPONENTS PLACEMENT (10)FIGURE 4 – MAIN BOARD SOLDER MASK (10)FIGURE 5 – MAIN BOARD TOP LAYER ROUTING (11)FIGURE 6 – MAIN BOARD BOTTOM LAYER ROUTING (11)FIGURE 7 –INTERFACE ADAPTOR BOARD COMPONENTS PLACEMENT (12)FIGURE 8 – INTERFACE ADAPTOR BOARD SOLDER MASK (12)FIGURE 9 – INTERFACE ADAPTOR BOARD TOP LAYER ROUTING (13)FIGURE 10 – INTERFACE ADAPTOR INNER LAYER 1 ROUTING (13)FIGURE 11 –INTERFACE ADAPTOR INNER LAYER 2 ROUTING (14)FIGURE 12 – INTERFACE ADAPTOR BOTTOM LAYER ROUTING (14)FIGURE 13 – PIN HEADER SOCKET BOTTOM VIEW (15)1. SCOPEThis document describes the features and specifications of Multi Micro Hornet ORG1510 evaluation kit.2. DISCLAIMERAll trademarks are properties of their respective owners.Performance characteristics listed in this document do not constitute a warranty or guarantee of product performance. OriginGPS assumes no liability or responsibility for any claims or damages arising out of the use of this document, or from the use of integrated circuits based on this document.OriginGPS assumes no liability or responsibility for unintentional inaccuracies or omissions in this document. OriginGPS reserves the right to make changes in its products, specifications and other information at any time without notice.OriginGPS reserves the right to conduct, from time to time, and at its sole discretion, firmware upgrades.As long as those FW improvements have no material change on end customers, PCN may not be issued. OriginGPS navigation products are not recommended to use in life saving or life sustaining applications.3. SAFETY INFORMATIONImproper handling and use can cause permanent damage to the product.4. ESD SENSITIVITYThis product is ESD sensitive device and must be handled with care.5. CONTACT INFORMATIONSupport - ********************* or Online FormMarketing and sales - ***********************Web –6. RELATED DOCUMENTATIONTABLE 1 – RELATED DOCUMENTATION7. REVISION HISTORYTABLE 2 – REVISION HISTORY8. ABOUT HORNET FAMILYOriginGPS GNSS receiver modules have been designed to address markets where size, weight, stand-alone operation, highest level of integration, power consumption and design flexibility - all are very important. OriginGPS’ Hornet family breaks size barrier, offering the industry’s smallest fully-integrated, highly-sensitive GPS and GNSS modules with integrated antennas or on-board RF connectors.Hornet family features OriginGPS' proprietary NFZ™ technology for high sensitivity and noise immunity even under marginal signal condition, commonly found in urban canyons, under dense foliage or when thereceive r’s position in space rapidly changes.Hornet family enables the shortest TTM (Time-To-Market) with minimal design risks.Just connect power supply on a single layer PCB.9. ABOUT MULTI MICRO HORNET MODULEMulti Micro Hornet is a complete SiP featuring miniature LGA SMT footprint designed to commit unique integration features for high volume cost sensitive applications.Designed to support compact and traditional applications such as smart watches, wearable devices,asset trackers, Multi Micro Hornet ORG1510 module is a miniature multi-channel GPS/ GLONASS with SBAS, QZSS and other regional overlay systems receiver that continuously tracks all satellites in view, providingreal-time positioning data in industry’s standard NMEA format.Multi Micro Hornet ORG1510 module offers superior sensitivity and outstanding performance, achieving rapid TTFF in less than one second, accuracy of approximately two meters, and tracking sensitivity of -165dBm.Sized only 10mm x 10mm Multi Micro Hornet ORG1510 module is industry’s small sized, record breaking solution. Multi Micro Hornet module integrates OriginGPS proprietary on-board GPS antenna, dual-stage LNA, RF LDO, SAW filter, TCXO, RTC crystal and RF shield with market-leading SiRFstarV™ GNSS SoC.Multi Micro Hornet ORG1510 module is introducing industry’s lowest energy per fix ratio, un paralleled accuracy and extremely fast fixes even under challenging signal conditions, such as in built-up urban areas, dense foliage or even indoor.Integrated GPS SoC incorporating high-performance microprocessor and sophisticated firmware keeps positioning payload off the host, allowing integration in embedded solutions with low computing resources. Innovative architecture can detect changes in context, temperature, and satellite signals to achieve a stateof near continuous availability by maintaining and opportunistically updating its internal fine time, frequency, and satellite ephemeris data while consuming mere microwatts of battery power.10. ABOUT ORIGINGPSOriginGPS is a world leading designer, manufacturer and supplier of miniature positioning modules, antenna modules and antenna solutions.OriginGPS modules introduce unparalleled sensitivity and noise immunity by incorporating Noise Free Zone system (NFZ™) proprietary technology for faster position fix and navigation stability even under challenging satellite signal conditions.Founded in 2006, OriginGPS is specializing in development of unique technologies that miniaturize RF modules, thereby addressing the market need for smaller wireless solutions.11. DESCRIPTIONEvaluation Kit of the ORG1510 GPS Antenna Module comprises the Demo Board, USB to UART cable and CD with GPS simulator software for PC and documentation.The Demo Board is built of Main Board, incorporating 1.8V LDO regulator, UART connector, push-button tactile switch for Push-To-Fix™ interrupt and various test points.The ORG1510 GPS Antenna Module is soldered onto the Main Board through the Interface Adaptor.The Interface Adaptor includes a single-bit buffer for voltage level translation of TX line, and a voltage supervisor for autonomous power-on pulse generation.TitleSize Document NumberDate:ORG1510-DBUAORG1510 UART Demo BoardA4Monday, April 30, 20122TitleSize Document NumberDate:PD-ORG1410-AD1-A00ORG1510 AdaptorA4Monday, April 30, 2012ORIGINGPS GND513. BILL OF MATERIALS13.1 MAIN BOARD BILL OF MATERIALSTABLE 3 - MAIN BOARD BILL OF MATERIALS13.2 INTERFACE ADAPTOR BILL OF MATERIALSTABLE 4 - INTERFACE ADAPTOR BILL OF MATERIALS14. ASSEMBLY AND LAYOUT14.1 MAIN BOARD PCBMain Board for the ORG1510 GPS Antenna Module is 2 layers 1.6mm thickness FR4 PCB.FIGURE 3 - MAIN BOARD COMPONENTS PLACEMENTFIGURE 4 - MAIN BOARD SOLDER MASKFIGURE 5 – MAIN BOARD TOP LAYER ROUTINGFIGURE 6 – MAIN BOARD BOTTOM LAYER ROUTING14.2 INTERFACE ADAPTOR PCBInterface Adaptor Board for the ORG1510 GPS Antenna Module is 17mm x 17mm 22 pads 4 layers 0.6mm thickness FR4 PCB.FIGURE 7 - INTERFACE ADAPTOR BOARD COMPONENTS PLACEMENTFIGURE 8 - INTERFACE ADAPTOR BOARD SOLDER MASKFIGURE 9 - INTERFACE ADAPTOR BOARD TOP LAYER ROUTINGFIGURE 10 - INTERFACE ADAPTOR INNER LAYER 1 ROUTINGFIGURE 11 - INTERFACE ADAPTOR INNER LAYER 2 ROUTINGFIGURE 12 - INTERFACE ADAPTOR BOTTOM LAYER ROUTING15. TTL-232R-3V3 USB-Serial CONVERTER CABLE*The TTL-232R-3V3 is a USB to Serial converter cable that provides a simple way to connect devices with UART interface to PC.The TTL-232R-3V3 uses an FTDI FT232RQ IC which is housed inside the USB Type 'A' connector and is terminated at the end of a 1.8 meter cable (6 ft.) with a 2.54mm (“0.1) pitch header socket which provides an access to UART standard Transmit Data (TxD) and Receive Data (RxD). These lines are operating at 3.3V LVTTL levels. Also brought out on the header are +5V and GND.FIGURE 13 - PIN HEADER SOCKET BOTTOM VIEWTABLE 5 - USB-SERIAL CONVERTER CABLE HEADER PIN-OUTTABLE 6 - USB-SERIAL CONVERTER CABLE OPERATING PARAMETERS*Note: For more information refer to FTDI Ltd. TTL-232R TTL To USB Serial Converter Range Of Cables Datasheet, Document Reference No.: FT_000054。
meterpreter名称来历
meterpreter名称来历Meterpreter名称的来源Meterpreter是一个常用的攻击载荷（payload），广泛应用于渗透测试和网络攻击中。
它是Metasploit框架中的一个模块，具有强大的功能和灵活的特性。
Meterpreter名称的来源与其功能和设计有关。
Meterpreter一词由两部分组成：Meter和preter。
Meter一词在英语中表示测量的单位，通常用于测量电流、电压、功率等物理量。
而preter一词则表示“一个称职的人”，在计算机领域中常用于表示“解释器”。
因此，Meterpreter可以理解为一个用于测量和解释的工具。
Meterpreter的功能非常强大，它可以在目标计算机上执行各种操作，包括获取系统信息、窃取敏感数据、执行远程命令等。
它还具有内存注入、木马植入、持久化等高级特性，可以绕过杀毒软件和防火墙的检测。
因此，Meterpreter成为黑客和渗透测试人员的首选工具之一。
Meterpreter的设计思想是隐藏和隐蔽性。
它通过使用加密和混淆技术来避免被防御系统检测到，同时具备自动化和自适应的特性，可以根据目标环境自动选择合适的攻击方式和后门机制。
此外，Meterpreter还支持多种操作系统和架构，包括Windows、Linux、Mac OS等，具有很好的兼容性。
通过Meterpreter，攻击者可以远程控制目标计算机，执行各种恶意活动。
例如，他们可以窃取用户的敏感信息，如账号密码、银行卡信息等，进而进行身份盗窃和金融欺诈。
他们还可以植入后门，长期控制目标系统，进行持续的攻击和间谍活动。
此外，Meterpreter还可以被用于进行DDoS攻击、网络钓鱼、僵尸网络等黑客行为。
为了应对Meterpreter的威胁，网络安全人员采取了一系列的防御措施。
他们通过加强网络安全设备和安全策略，提高系统的安全性和可信度。
他们还使用入侵检测系统（IDS）和入侵防御系统（IPS）来监控和阻止Meterpreter的攻击。
QuickStick 100系统用户说明书
Catalog Numbers: 700-0256-01, 700-0256-05, 700-0256-07, 700-0256-11, 700-0256-13, 700-0256-15, 700-0256-19, 700-0256-25, 700-0256-31, 700-0256-35, 700-0369-05, 700-0369-07, 700-0369-09, 700-0369-19•QuickStick ® 100 systems consist of modules that include linear synchronous motors that are mounted to user-designed support structures, permanent magnet arrays attached to user-designed vehicles, controllers, and power supplies.•The magnet array is enclosed in an epoxy potting medium.•The magnet array is attached to the vehicle with standard hardware and acts as the QuickStick 100 motor secondary, to move payloads through the QS 100 system as directed.•Propulsive force applied to the vehicle scales linearly with magnet-array length, motor overlap, and motor/magnet gap.•All vehicles on a QS 100 system must be the same length and use the same type of magnet array.•Up to five magnet arrays in motion or in queue per meter (150 mm [5.9 in] length).•The magnet arrays consist of high-strength neodymium magnets (NdFeB). The arrays are available in two widths (80.0mm and 130.8mm) and in lengths from 3 cycles (150.0mm long) to 20 cycles (966.0mm long). The quantity and locations of the mounting holes vary based on the size of the array.•Magnet array base plate (back iron) is zinc-plated steel.•Thrust force and hold down curves for determining the appropriate magnet array for a specific application are available in the QuickStick 100 User Manual.•All precautions for handling high-strength neodymium magnets must be observed when using these magnet arrays.Physical SpecificationsEnvironmental Specifications Dimensions 1:1.All dimensions are millimeters. Contact MagneMotion for detailed drawings.Varies based on model Ambient Temperature:0 °C to 50 °C Weight:Varies based on model Relative Humidity:85% max (relative, noncondensing)13.0Top ViewBottom View48.0 per CycleM5 X 0.8 - 6H 7.5 Max(Mounting Surface)130.880.0or +6.0QuickStick 100 Magnet Arrays, PottedRockwell Automation SupportUse the following resources to access support information.Documentation FeedbackY our comments will help us serve your documentation needs better. If you have any suggestions on how to improve this document, complete the How Are W e Doing? form at /idc/groups/literature/documents/du/ra-du002_-en-e.pdf .Technical Support CenterKnowledgebase Articles, How-to Videos, FAQs, Chat, User Forums, and Product Notification Updates.https:/// Local Technical Support Phone NumbersLocate the phone number for your country./global/support/get-support-now.page Direct Dial CodesFind the Direct Dial Code for your product. Use the code to route your call directly to a technical support engineer./global/support/direct-dial.page Literature LibraryInstallation Instructions, Manuals, Brochures, and Technical Data./global/literature-library/overview.page Product Compatibility and Download Center (PCDC)Get help determining how products interact, check features and capabilities, and find associated firmware./global/support/pcdc.pageRockwell Otomasyon Ticaret A.Ş., Kar Plaza İş Merkezi E Blok Kat:6 34752 İçerenköy, İstanbul, T el: +90 (216) 5698400Rockwell Automation maintains current product environmental information is on its website at /rockwellautomation/about-us/sustainability-ethics/product-environmental-compliance.page .Product certificates are located in the Rockwell Automation Literature Library: /global/literature-library/overview.pageAllen-Bradley, Rockwell Software, and Rockwell Automation are trademarks of Rockwell Automation, Inc.Trademarks not belonging to Rockwell Automation are property of their respective companies.Copyright © 2019 MagneMotion, A Rockwell Automation Company. All Rights Reserved.139 Barnum Road, Devens, MA 01434, USA+1 978-757-9100Publication MMI-TD046A-EN-P - July 2019DIR 10004925452。
FlexBuffer - 模块化单元商品说明说明书
—CONSUMER SEGMENTS & SERVICE ROBOTICS FlexBuffer TMApplication Cell—CSSR Sales Pack: FlexBuffer -Modular Cell Solution: Central positioned robot accesses surrounding racks to buffer, sequence and store goods using smart software.Applications: Sequencing, Buffering, Store, Order consolidationConfigurations: Single (totes) and mixed itemsCustomer Segments: Logistics, Food & Beverage, Healthcare, Consumer Packaged Goods, Restaurants—FlexBuffer at glance —FlexBuffer Benefits12WHAT The FlexBuffer is a modular cell, that offers higher performance and flexibility in sequencing, storing and buffering than the traditional automated systems.VPP The robot is at the heart of the system, which makes it a very reliable and low maintenance alternative to traditional solutions with many moving parts.TRENDS Micro fulfilment, Click & Collect and direct to consumer (D2C) are some of the rapidly growing trends driving the need for smaller systems.PERFORMANCE METRICS The Flexbuffer can handle a total payload of up to 50kg. The solution can store up to 600 totes and conduct sequencing operations at up to 500 cycles per hour.—FlexBuffer CONFIGURATIONS OVERVIEW —APPLICATIONS34Buffering of mixed items Example: Sequencing of outgoing grocery orders in standard totes to optimize van loading.Storage & Retrieval of totes Example: Storage of high runner return items in warehousing of apparel or Function Storage, Sequencer, Buffer Type Mixed items (example parcels)Totes 600 mm 1200 mm Double Ultra How the solution works:The robot receives commands to store goods fed in on the inbound conveyor. Based on system commands the robot stores the goods in the defined rack positions. On command the robot picks requested goods and puts these on the outfeed conveyor.SingleFlexBuffer TM solving customer problems–Logistics industry needs to ramp up automation efforts to compensate labor scarcity, decreasing qualifications to answer increasing demand–Food & Beverage and CPG industry experiences increasing pressure by eCommerce and starts to establish direct to consumer (D2C) channels requiring substantial changes in fulfillment and distribution infrastructure–Pharma & Healthcare industry emphasize to increase automation efforts and investments to relieve existing workforce while increasing capacities –The FlexBuffer combines ABB domain expertisein Robotics with a customer centric approachoffering a solution that solves customerproblems in all segments–FlexBuffer automates small scale storage,sequencing or buffering tasks with vastpossibilities for storage logic customization andsmall system footprint–FlexBuffer allows customers to automatemanual labor while at the same time increasingperformance, capacity and accuracy whensolving complex buffering, retrieval orsequencing tasks–Robot dexterity allows for mixed item storageand retrieval in small and confined spaces– A small footprint allows for simple retro-fittingof existing infrastructure and scaleddeployments in brownfields–Robot is the only moving system of the solutionwhich makes it a very reliable and lowmaintenance in comparison to traditionalsystems–Customer centric solution with integratedhardware & software from ABB, with a modulardesign to handle a mixture of cases, cartons,totes and trays, all with one systemCUSTOMERS CSSR SOLUTIONS BENEFITOperating principleStorage & Retrieval of totes Example: Storage & retrievalof high runner return items in warehousing of apparel or general merchandise.How the solution works:1.The robot receives commands to store goodsfed in on the infeed conveyor2.Based on system commands the robot storesthe goods in the defined rack positions3.On command the robot retrieves requestedgoods and puts these on the outfeed conveyor .123Buffering of totesExample: Buffering larger quantities of produced beverages before moving to outbound for further packaging or palletizing.Sequencing of totesExample: Sequencing of bins/totes before palletizing in grocery distribution tostores/supermarkets.WHAT COMES WITH IT?1What is includedRobot–Raiser–IRB 6700, 3,2m, 150kg–Robot options, dress packGripper–Double tote gripper with independent clamping mechanismRacking–Double deep rack to store two totes in a row–15 racks pairsPeripherals –Controls –Infeed conveyor including stopping sections –Outfeed conveyor Software –Application Controller –FlexBuffer storage management –Robot Rapid software –Industrial PC Safety –Access door –Safety PLC –Fencing mounted to the rackCore Parts234561Safety fencing mounted on rack with two openings for access and in-& outfeed conveyors ABB robot –IRB 6700 with 150 kg payload and 3.2 meter reachDouble tote gripper that can manipulate 1 -2 totes from racking positions and in-& outfeed conveyor Pre-configured modular racking optimized for maximum number of storage locations Infeed & outfeed conveyors to connect the FlexBuffer with up-and downstream automationFlexBuffer application and to configure and manage FlexBuffer storage—TypeMixed Totes Configuration Configuration 1 600mm deep Configuration 2 1200mm deep Configuration 3 double deep Configuration 4 ultra storage Configuration 5single deep sequencer Storage capacity210 items (assuming avg. item dimensions of 600 x 400 x 350)480 items (assuming avg. item dimensions of 600 x 400 x 350)452 totes (size of 600 x 400 x 350)612 totes (size of 600 x 400 x 350)36 totes (size of 600 x 400 x 350)D e s i g n p e r f o r m a n c e Single cycle* performance356 cycles/hour*291 cycles/hour*288 cycles/hour*283 cycles/hour*543 cycles/hour*Combined cycle* performance181 cycles/hour*146 cycles/hour*145 cycles/hour*143 cycles/hour*261 cycles/hour*Max. payload35 kg (gripper payload)35 kg (gripper payload)25 kg per tote 12.5 kg per tote 25 kg per tote Used robotsIRB 6700-150/3.2IRB 6700-150/3.2IRB 6700-150/3.2IRB 6650S-125/3.5IRB 460-110/2.4FlexBuffer TM ConfigurationsPerformance parameters & metrics—FlexBuffer TM Software FlexBuffer Control System -OverviewThe FlexBuffer control software contains following modules:1.Warehouse configuration to define the available locations2.Warehouse management to connect FlexBuffer storage locations with storeditems3.Robot tasks handling to control the robot movement4.Infeed management: intake of products from other system (WMS/ERP/MFC*)5.Outfeed management: outtake of products towards other system(WMS/ERP/MFC*)–Docker basedapplication controller–Additional controllerperiphery can easily beadded–Using OPC UAprotocol complyingwith industry 4.0standards–Patented logic for storage management of mixed items to avoid collisions and tooptimize storage utilization–Virtual storage location logic for userinterface visualization–Application controller can combine various ABB solutions–ABB look and feel –consistent application interface–One screen for all errors, logs and dashboards–MQTT protocol for application controller to user interface –Supports SCADA communication for control rooms–No PLC screen required–General control of the robot–Error handling (robot & system)–Option for manual warehouse control—STORAGE & RETRIEVAL MANAMGENT —INTEGRATION—USER INTERFACE —SOFTWAREA web-based platform independent user interfaceFlexBuffer ControlSystem –ApplicationcontrollerRobot controlWMS/ERP/MFC*Metrics/LoggingDashboards Add. controllervia RestAPI。
payload it术语 -回复
payload it术语-回复payload是指在计算机领域中用于传递数据、指令或信息的部分。
这个术语通常用于描述计算机网络中的数据包或恶意软件攻击中的恶意代码。
在计算机网络中，payload是数据包中携带的实际数据。
它可以包含各种形式的信息，比如文本、图像、音频或视频。
在网络通信中，数据包通常由头部和有效载荷组成。
头部包含了源IP地址、目标IP地址、协议类型和其他必要的信息，而有效载荷则是要传递的实际数据。
有效载荷的大小和结构取决于具体的应用程序或协议。
恶意软件攻击中的payload指的是被攻击者不知情的恶意代码或指令。
攻击者可以将这些代码或指令隐藏在各种文件中，比如电子邮件附件、下载链接、网络广告或虚拟机中。
一旦受害者与恶意文件接触，payload将被执行，可能导致系统被感染、敏感数据泄露、系统崩溃或其他危害。
攻击者可以利用payload实现各种攻击目的。
其中一种常见的攻击类型是拒绝服务（Denial of Service，DoS）攻击，攻击者通过发送大量的请求或占用系统资源来使目标系统无法正常工作。
另一种常见的攻击类型是远程代码执行（Remote Code Execution，RCE），攻击者通过注入恶意代码来获取对目标系统的控制权。
为了预防和应对恶意软件攻击，安全专家和网络管理员采取了各种措施。
其中一种是使用防病毒软件和反恶意软件工具来检测和清除可能存在的恶意payload。
网络管理员还可以配置网络设备和防火墙来过滤恶意流量，以阻止恶意payload的传输。
此外，教育用户和员工如何识别和避免恶意payload也是很重要的。
这包括教授用户不打开未知来源的文件、不点击可疑链接、不安装未经验证的应用程序等。
总之，payload在计算机领域中是传递数据、指令或信息的重要部分。
在网络通信中，payload是数据包中携带的实际数据，而在恶意软件攻击中，payload指的是被攻击者不知情的恶意代码或指令。
集装箱尺寸
Height (高)
2338mm
2279mm
Roof Opening (顶开口尺寸）
Width between top side rails
Length between top headers
Length between troughs
2232mm
11531mm
11806mm
Inside Cubic Capacity (内部容积）
External Dimension (外部尺寸）
Lenghth (长）
Width （宽）
Height （高）
6058mm
2438mm
2591mm
rnal Dimension (内部尺寸）
Lenghth (长）
Width （宽）
Height （高）
5613mm
2218mm
2213mm
Max Gross Weight (总重）
20ft Dry Cargo Container Technical Parameter (20英尺干货集装箱技术参数）
External Dimension (外部尺寸）
Lenghth (长）
Width （宽）
Height （高）
6058mm
2438mm
2591mm
Internal Dimension (内部尺寸）
Width (宽）
Height (高)
2340mm
2295mm
Roof Opening (顶开口尺寸）
Width between top side rails
Length between top headers
Length between troughs
valid payload参数
valid payload参数摘要：1.简介2.valid payload 参数的定义和作用3.如何生成valid payload 参数4.valid payload 参数在网络安全中的重要性5.结论正文：1.简介在网络安全领域，尤其是漏洞利用和攻击技术中，payload 参数是一个重要的概念。
payload 参数通常是指攻击者为了实现攻击目的，在成功渗透目标系统后，向目标系统注入的恶意代码或命令。
在本文中，我们将重点探讨valid payload 参数的相关知识。
2.valid payload 参数的定义和作用Valid payload 参数是指一种特殊的payload 参数，它的作用是使攻击者在成功渗透目标系统后，能够顺利地执行恶意代码或命令。
换句话说，valid payload 参数是攻击者成功入侵目标系统后，实现其攻击目标的关键。
3.如何生成valid payload 参数生成valid payload 参数的过程通常需要以下几个步骤：- 了解目标系统的环境和配置：攻击者需要收集目标系统的相关信息，如操作系统版本、补丁状态、防火墙设置等，以便选择合适的payload 参数。
- 选择合适的payload 生成工具：有许多现成的payload 生成工具，如Metasploit、Angler 等。
攻击者需要根据目标系统的环境和配置，选择合适的生成工具。
- 定制payload 参数：根据目标系统的具体信息，攻击者需要对payload 参数进行相应的定制，以保证payload 参数能够在目标系统上成功执行。
4.valid payload 参数在网络安全中的重要性Valid payload 参数在网络安全中具有重要的地位，它对于攻击者来说，是实现攻击目标的关键。
而对于防守方来说，识别和阻止valid payload 参数的传输和执行，是防范攻击的重要手段。
因此，深入研究valid payload 参数的生成和传播机制，对于提升网络安全防护能力具有重要意义。
HD325-7 Off-Highway Truck说明书
GROSS HORSEPOWER386 kW 518 HPNET HORSEPOWER371 kW498 HPMAXIMUM GVW69280 kg 152,740 lbHD325-72Productivity Features● High performance Komatsu SAA6D140E-5 engine Net horsepower 371kW498HP● Mode selection system(Variable horsepower control in Economy mode)● Automatic Idling Setting System (AISS)● 7-speed,fully automatic K-ATOMiCS transmission ● Fully hydraulic controlled wet multiple-disc brakes and retarderRetarder absorbing capacity (Continuous descent) 662kW887HP● Long wheelbase and wide tread● Large high strength bodyHeaped capacity 24m331.4yd3● Small turning radius 7.2m23’7”● Automatic Retard Speed Control (ARSC)(Option)● Paylord Meter (PLM) (Option)Harmony with Environment● Komatsu SAA6D140E-5 engineEPA Tier 3 and EU Stage 3A emissions certified● Low operation noise● Lead-free radiator● Brake cooling oil recovery tank3Machine shown may include optional equipment.●Viscous cab mounts●Electric body dump control●Supplementary steering and secondary brake ●Three-mode hydropneumatic suspension (Automatic suspension) (Option)Reliability Features●Komatsu components ●High-rigidity frame●Rigorous dump body design ●Reliable hydraulic system ●Sealed DT connectors●Pedal-operated secondary brake●Automatic Spin Regulator (ASR)(Option)Easy Maintenance●Advanced monitoring system●Wet multiple-disc brakes and fully hydraulic braking controlled system ●Extended oil change interval ●Centralized arrangement of filters ●Disc wheels (Flange type rims)●Electric circuit breaker●Centralized greasing points (Option)4Automatic Idling Setting System (AISS)This system facilitates quick engine warm-up and cab cool-ing/warming.When setting the system ON, engine idle speed is kept at 945 rpm when coolant temper-ature is 50°C 122°F or lower.Speed automati-cally returns to 750 rpm when coolant tempera-ture reaches 50°C 122°F .Auto Retard Speed Control (ARSC) (Option)ARSC allows the operator to simply set the downhill travel speed and go down slopes at a constant speed.As aresult, the operator can concentrate on steering.The speed can be set at increments of 1 km/h 0.6 MPH per click (±5km/h 3.1 MPH of setting speed adjustment) to match the optimum speed for the slope.Also, since the retarder cooling oil temperature is always monitored, the speed is automatically lowered.Komatsu technologyAUTO RETARD 7-speed, fully automatic K-ATOMiCS transmissionThe K-ATOMiCS (Komatsu Advanced Transmission with Optimum Modulation Control System) automatically selects the optimum gear according to vehicle speed,engine speed and the shift position you’ve chosen.The result:the best gear for any driving situation.K-ATOMiCS(Komatsu Advanced Transmission with Optimum Modulation Control System)High performance Komatsu SAA6D140E-5 engineThis engine delivers faster acceleration and higher travel speeds with high horsepower per ton.Advanced technology, such as Common Rail Injection system (CRI),air to air aftercooler, efficient turbo-charger, and heavy duty cooled EGR enables the engine to be EPA Tier 3 and EU Stage 3A emissions certified.High torque at low speed,impressive acceleration, and low fuel consumption ensure maximum productivity.Komatsu develops and produces all major components,such as engines, electronics and hydraulic components, in house.With this “Komatsu T echnology,”and adding customer feedback, Komatsu is achieving greate advancements in technology.T o achieve both high levels of productivity and economical performance, Komatsu has developed the main compo-nents with a total control system.The result is a new generation of high performance and environment friendly machines.Mode selection systemThe system allows selection of the appropriate modebetween two modes <Power mode > or <Economy mode>according to each working condition.The mode is easily selected with a switch in the operator’s cab.Power modeGreat productivity can be attained by taking full advantage of high output power.It is appropriate for job sites where larger production uphill-hauling is required.Economy mode (Variable horsepower control)The engine power automatically changes depending on loaded or unloaded conditions always to use an optimum speed gear.It is appropriate for light work on flat ground.5Hydraulically controlled wet multiple-disc brakes and retarderWet multiple-disc brakes ensures highly reliable and stable brake performance.The large-capacity, continuouslycooled, wet multiple-disc brakes also function as a highly responsive retarder which gives the operator greater confidence at higher speeds when travel-ling downhill.• Retarder Absorbing Capacity (continuous descent):662 kW 887 HP• Brake Surface Area (rear):50,847 cm 27,881 in 2Payload Meter (PLM ) (Option)PLM allows the production volume and the workingconditions on the dump truck to be analyzed and controlled directly via a personal computer.And also the loaded weight is indicated with the outside lamp.The system can store up to 2900 working cycles.Small turning radiusThe MacPherson strut type front suspension has a specialand the main frame.Thewider space createdbetween the front wheels and the main frame increases the turning angle of the wheels.The larger this turning angle,the smaller the turning radius of the truck.Long wheelbase and wide treadWith an extra-long wheelbase, a wide tread and an excep-tionally low center of gravity, the HD325-7 hauls the load at higher speed for greater productivity, and delivers superior driving comfort over rough terrain.Large bodyA wide target area makes for easy loading with minimal soil spillage and more efficient hauling.The V-shape design also increases structural strength, and provides excellent load stability.6Wide,spacious cab with excellent visibilityWide windows in the front, side and back, plus plenty ofspace in the richly upholstered interior, provide quiet, com-fortable environment from which to see and control everyaspect of operation.Front under view mirrors and sideunder view mirrors have been added to improve safety.Ergonomically designed cabThe ergonomically designed operator's compartment makesit very easy and comfortable for the operator to use all thecontrols.The result is more confident operation and greaterproductivity.Easy-to-See instrument panelThe instrument panel makes it easy to monitor criticalmachine functions.In addition, a caution light warns theoperator of any problems that may occur.Problems arerecorded in the monitor and indicated as service codes.This makes the machine user friendly and easy to service.Ideal driving position settingsThe 5-way adjustable operator seat and the tilt-telescopicsteering column provide an optimum driving posture, forincreased driving comfort and more control over machineoperation.The suspension seat dampens vibrations transmit-ted from the machine and reduces operator fatigue as wellas holding the operator securely to assure confident opera-tion.78mm3" width seat belt is provided as standard equip-ment.all terrainsproductivity and operatorconfidence.Machine shown may include optional equipment.A positioning sensor is dump body.K-ATOMiCS with "Skip-Shift" functionAn electronically controlled valve is provided for each clutch pack in the transmission for independent clutch engage-ment/disengagement.It enables an ideal change in clutch modulation pressure and torque cut-off timing in response to travel conditions.This system and newly added “skip-shift”function ensure smooth shifting and responsive acceleration.Built-inROPS/FOPS cabThese structures con-form to ISO3471 ROPS standard, and ISO 3449FOPS standard.Supplementary steering and secondary brakeSupplementary steering and secondary brakes are standard features.Steering:ISO 5010, SAE J1511Brakes:ISO 3450Three-mode hydropneumatic suspension (Automatic suspension) (Option)Suspension mode is automatically switched to one of three stages (soft, medium and hard) according to load andoperating conditions, for a more comfortable and stable ride."Skip-shift" functionOptimum travel speed automatically selected in response to angle of ascent.Reduced frequen-cy of downshiftand smoother operation are pro-vided.78High-rigidity frameCast-steel components are used in themain frame for high-stress areas whereloads and shocks aremost con-centrated.Komatsu componentsKomatsu manufactures the engine, torque converter,transmission, hydraulic units, and electrical parts on thisdump truck.Komatsu dump trucks are manufactured with anintegrated production system under strict quality control sys-tem guidelines.Sealed DT connectorsMain harnesses andcontroller connectors areequipped with sealed DTconnectors providing highreliability, water resistanceand dust resistance.Reliable hydraulic systemThe oil cooler is installed in the radiator lower tank, improv-ing the reliability of the hydraulic system during sudden tem-perature rises.Further, in addition to the main filter, a 25-micron line filter is at the entrance to the transmission con-trol valve.This system helps to prevent secondary faults.Rigorous dump body designThe body is built of 130 kg/mm2184,900 PSI wear-resistanthigh-tensile steel with a Brinell hardness of 400.The V-shape design alsoincreases structuralstrength.The side and bot-tom plates of the dump sectionare reinforced with ribs foradded strength.Lead-free radiatorIn addition to compliance with emission regulations, a lead-free aluminum core is used for the radiator to meet withglobal environmental requirements.Automatic Spin Regulator (ASR) (Option)ASR automatically prevents the rear tires on either sidefrom slipping on soft ground for optimal traction.Pedal-operated secondary brakeIf there should be a failure in the foot brake, the parkingbrake and front disc brakes areactivated as a pedal operatedsecondary brake.In addition,when hydraulic pressure dropsbelow the rated level, the park-ing brake is automatically actu-ated.Brake cooling oil recovery tankTo protect the environment, a tank is installed to recoverbrake cooling oil in the event of brake floating seal leakage.Parts colored with red showcast-steel components9Wet multiple-disc brakes and fully hydraulic con-trolled braking systems realize lower maintenancecosts and higher reliability.Wet disc brakes are fully sealed to keep contaminants out, reducing wear and maintenance.Brakes require no adjustments for wear, meaning evenlower maintenance.Added reliability is designed into the braking system by the use of three independent hydraulic circuits providing hydraulic backup should one of the circuits fail.Fully hydraulic braking systems eliminate the air system so air bleeding is not required, and water condensation that can lead to contamination, corrosion and freezing is elimi-nated.Extended oil change intervalsI n order to minimize operating costs, oil change intervalshave been extended:●Engine oil 500 hours ●Hydraulic oil 4000 hoursCentralized greasing points(Option)Greasing points are central-ized at three locations, it enables to approach from ground level.Centralized arrangement of filtersThe filters are centralized so that they can beserviced easily.Electric circuit breakerA circuit breaker is adopted in important electric circuits that should be restored in a short time when a problem occurs in the electrical sys-tem.Advanced monitoring systemThe Komatsu advanced monitoring system identifies main-tenance items, reduces diagnostic times, indicates oil and filter replacement hours and displays abnormality codes.This monitor system helps to maximize machine production time.Disc wheels(Flange type rims)Disc wheels (Flange type rims) provide easyremoval/installation for the tires.10Rear Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Full-floating Final drive type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Planetary gear Torque converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-elements, 1-stage, 2-phase Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Full-automatic, planetary type Speed range. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 speeds forward and 1 reverse Lockup clutch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wet, single-disc clutch Forward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T orque converter drive in 1st gear,direct drive in 1st lockup and all higher gearsReverse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Torque converter drive Shift control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic shift control with automaticclutch modulation in all gearModel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Komatsu SAA6D140E-5T ype . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Water-cooled, 4-cycle Aspiration . . . . . . . T urbo-charged,air-to-air after-cooled,cooled EGR Number of cylinders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Bore x stroke. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 mm x 165 mm 5.5" x 6.5"Piston displacement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.24 ltr 930 in 3HorsepowerSAE J1995. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gross 386 kW 518 HP ISO 9249 / SAE J1349. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Net 371 kW 498 HP Rated rpm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,000 rpm Fan drive type. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mechanical Maximum torque. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2167 N-m 221 kg•m 1,600 lb.ft Fuel system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Direct injection Governor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronically controlled Lubrication systemMethod . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gear pump, force-lubrication Filter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Full-flow type Air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dry type with double elementsand precleaner, plus dust indicatorEP A Tire 3 and EU Stage 3A emissions certified.Independent, hydropneumatic suspension cylinder with fixed throttle to dampen vibration.Effective cylinder stroke (front suspension). . . . . . . . . . 250 mm 9.8"Rear axle oscillation:Oil stopper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8°Mechanical stopper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1°T ype. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Box-sectioned structure(meets ISO 5010 and SAE J1511)Brakes meet ISO 3450 standard.Service brakes:Front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fully hydraulic control, caliper disc type Rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fully hydraulic, oil-cooled, multiple-disc type Parking brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spring applied, caliper disc type Retarder . . . . . . Oil-cooled, multiple-disc rear brakes act as retarder.Secondary brake. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Manual pedal operation.When hydraulic pressure drops below the rated level,parking brake is automatically actuated.Brake surfaceFront . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 968 cm 2150 in 2Rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50847 cm 27,881 in 2Max.gross vehicle weight. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69280 kg 152,740 lb Not to exceed max.gross vehicle weight, including options, fuel and payload.Weight distribution:Empty:Front axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.7%Rear axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.3%Capacity:Struck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 m 323.5 yd 3Heaped (2:1, SAE). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 m 331.4 yd 3Payload,maximum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.5 metric tons 40 U.S.tonsMaterial thickness:Bottom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 mm 0.75"Front. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 mm 0.47"Sides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 mm 0.35"T arget area(inside length x width). . . . . . . 5500 mm x 3380 mm 18'1" x 11'1"Dumping angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48°Height at full dump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7925 mm 26'00"Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exhaust heatingRelief pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.6 MPa 210 kg/cm 22,990 psi Hoist time. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 secStructure) standard, and ISO 3449 FOPS standard.Standard tire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.00-33-32PRT orque converter, transmission andretarder cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 ltr.23.8 U.S.Gal1110060804030201054321R I M P U L LTRAVEL SPEEDlbkgx10 lb x10 kgT O T A L R E S I S T A N C E (G R A D E + R O L L I N G ) (%)TRAVEL PERFORMANCE102030405060km/h MPHTRAVEL SPEED T O T A L R E S I S T A N C E (G R A D E + R O L L I N G ) (%)050100150200102030405060708090100GROSS WEIGHTx10 lb x10 kg102030405060km/h MPHTRAVEL SPEEDT O T A L R E S I S T A N C E (G R A D E + R O L L I N G ) (%)050100150200102030405060708090100GROSS WEIGHTx10 lbx10 kgGrade distance:Continuous DescentGrade distance:450 m (1,480 ft)T o determine travel performance:Read from gross weight down to the percent of total resistance.From this weight-resistance point,read horizontally to the curve with thehighest obtainable speed range, then down to maximum able rimpull depends upon traction available and weight on drive wheels.T o determine brake performance:These curves are provided to establish the maximum speed and gearshift position for safer descents on roads with a given distance.Read from gross weight down to the percent of total resistance.From this weight resistance point, readhorizontally to the curve with the highest obtainable speed range, then down to maximum descent speed the brakes can safely handle without exceeding cooling capacity.BRAKE PERFORMANCECAB:●Air conditioner●Power window (RH)●Radio, AM/FM●Radio, AM/FM with cassette ●Seat, air-suspension type●Seat belt, 50 mm 2" width, retractable,3-point●Sun visor, additional BODY:●Extensions, side walls, 200 mm 8" [570 kg 1,257 lb]●Spill guard, 150 mm 6" [90 kg 200 lb] ●Spill guard, 250 mm 10" [145 kg 320 lb] ●24 m 331.4 yd 3rock body [4250 kg 9,370 lb] ●Liner [4250 kg 9,370 lb]GUARD:●Engine under guard [25 kg 60 lb]●Platform guard, Right hand side [35 kg 80 lb]●T ransmission under guard [95 kg 210 lb]LIGHTING SYSTEM:●Back-up lights, additional ●Fog lights●Work light, RH and LH sides TIRES:●18.00 - 33 tires ●18.00 R33 tiresSAFETY:●Automatic spin regulator (ASR)●Automatic retard speed control (ARSC) ●Supplementary steering, automatic ●Rear view camera and monitor ARRANGEMENT:●Batteries for cold area arrangement ●Cold area arrangement●Sandy and dusty area arrangement GAUGE:●Dump position alarm & warning light ●T achographOTHER:●Alternator, 75 A●Centralized greasing ●Diagonal ladder ●Engine side covers●Fast fill coupler for fuel tank ●Fire extinguisher ●Gas charge tool●Gas spring for engine hood ●Muffler (no body heating type)●Payload meter●PM service connectors ●Pull hook, rear●Radiator shutter, canvas type ●Spare parts for first service ●Speed limiter ●T ool kit●Vandalism protection ●Wheel block[ ] shows the amount of increased weightENGINE:●Automatic Idling Setting System (AISS)●Alternator, 60A/24V●Batteries, 2 x 12V/170Ah●Engine, Komatsu SAA6D140E-5●Mode selection system●Starting motor, 1 x 11.0 kWCAB:●Ashtray●Cigarette lighter ●Cup holder●Electronic dump control system ●Electronic maintenance display/monitoring system●Operator seat, reclining, suspension type ●Passenger seat with retractable seat belt ●Power window (LH)●ROPS cab with FOPS, sound suppression type●Seat belt, 78 mm 3" width, retractable, 2-point●Seat, fabric materials ●Space for lunch box●Steering wheel, tilt and telescopic ●Sunvisor●Laminated glass, front ●T wo doors, left and right●Windshield washer and wiper(with intermittent feature)LIGHTING SYSTEM:●Back-up light ●Hazard lights●Headlights with dimmer switch ●Indicator, stop and tail lights GUARD AND COVERS:●Exhaust thermal guard ●Fire protective covers●Drive shaft guard (front and rear)SAFETY EQUIPMENT:●Alarm, backup●Catwalk with hand rails●Coolant temperature alarm and light ●Front brake cut-off system ●Hand rails for platform ●Horn, electric●Ladders, left and right hand sides ●Overrun warning system●Rearview mirrors and underview mirrors ●Supplementary steering OTHER:●Electric circuit breaker, 24V ●Side markers TIRES:●18.00-33-32PRCEN00093-03Materials and specifications are subject to change without noticeis a trademark of Komatsu Ltd.JapanStandard equipment may vary for each country, and this specification sheet may contain attachments and optional equipment that are not available in your area.Please consult your Komatsu distributor for detailed information.。
大学英语四级模拟试卷799(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语四级模拟试卷799(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 3. Listening Comprehension 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 5. Cloze 7. V ocabulary and Grammar 8. TranslationPart I Writing (30 minutes)1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Students Hire Housekeepers. You must base your composition on the following instructions (given in Chinese ).Your composition should be no less than 120 words. Remember to write it neatly. 目前，在大学校园里，学生花钱雇人洗衣、做清洁的现象越来越普遍。
请谈谈你对此事的看法。
正确答案：Students Hire Housekeepers In the last few years, it has been more and more common that students hire housekeepers to do all the cleaning work in some colleges, The housekeep pets charge accordingly, taking the hardship of the work into consideration. For instance, clothes washing is 0.5 Yuan per piece, floor sweeping 0.5 Yuan per hour, and sheet washing one Yuan per piece. The “employers” have all kinds of excuses for this. Some say that they are busy studying, so they have no time left for the cleaning things. Others claim that they are only child in their families, therefore, they don’t know how to do housework even simple tasks such as washing clothes. I am ashamed of them and their deeds. We university students are supposed to be the most talented and capable people among the youth. But if the students depend on their parents at home and rely on these housekeepers in the university, how can they have the basic ability to be self-reliant after graduation? How can such students survive in today’s competitive word? How can we expect them to make a contribution to the country? Just as an old Chinese proverb goes: “If one doesn’t clean a room, how can he clean the world?”解析：第一段先综述现象。
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15 Pay load meter
15.1 Payload indicator: device installed on the sandstone-carrying vehicle, used to indicate the loading weight therein.
15.2 The heavy dump truck or semi-trailer above 20 MT, loading gravel and sand or soil, shall be equipped with pay load meter certified under
the type approval of vehicle component from 2001/7/1. The installing position, metering range and weight metering tolerance, etc., shall comply with paragraphs specified below in this regulation.
15.3 Pay load meter shall according to suitable types and range of principle：Except brand and type series shall be the same, and also the same
theory and structure (hydraulic or electronic type).
15.4 Requirement of the function and specification: Shall describe installing method, payload indicating range and accuracy of reading scale.
15.5 Inspection standard of payload:
15.5.1 Load-displaying method of payload indicator:
15.5.1.1 The minimum reading scale shall be under 500 kg.
15.5.1.2 The reading scale shall be difficult to erase. Nor is under a risk of not apparent or misread (the electronic-type payload
indicator is excluded).
15.5.2 Alteration-proof design: shall have a lead-seal design or relevant one to avoid of altering the records. And shall be difficult altering the
internal mechanism performed externally, to fulfill the purpose of alteration-proof.
15.5.3 Vibration test: install the payload indicator on the vibration table under normal installing status. Using 4.5 acceleration, 33 Hz of
vibrating frequency to make vibration in the up-down direction for 4 hrs, forward-backward axis direction for 2 hrs and right-left axis
direction for 2 hrs. The payload indicator shall have no abnormal condition in any parts, no deformation and break thereof.
15.5.4 Water-proof test: install the payload indicator under normal installing status, then put it in a place about 40 cm away from a
water-spraying outlet. The water-spraying pipe is rotating in the angular speed of 15-25 rpm. The specimen is rotating in the angular
speed of 17 rpm along the vertical axis, testing time duration is 10 minutes. The payload indicator shall have no abnormal condition in
any part after the test, nor has water penetrating into the device.
15.5.5 Dust-proof test: install the payload indicator under normal installing status, then put it in a closed container with the length, width and
height within 90-120 cm. The specimen is put above 15 cm away the container internal wall, pouring about 5 kg of first-type Portland
cement into the container, blowing into air 2-5 seconds for each 15 minute interval making the cement spread uniformly, and keep on The official directions are written in Chinese, this English edition is for your reference only.
implementing this procedure for 5 hours. The payload indicator shall have no abnormal condition in any part after the test, nor has dust
penetrating into the device.
The official directions are written in Chinese, this English edition is for your reference only.。