2018-2019学年闵行外国语高一下期中考试试卷

2018-2019年闵行外国语中学高一下期中考试卷II.Grammar and Vocabulary (26%)Section A (16)Directions:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.A.Recently, a student organization at Cornell University ____________ (introduce)their Big Red Bikes program. Like many bike share programs across America, the project aims to make biking accessible and convenient for every student on the campus.____________the cold winter approaches, the bikes are being moved into storage, but that has not stopped the organization ____________(continue) to collect money in the hope of expanding the program in the next years. Big Red Bikes provided 20 bikes for the students to use in May 2011.Six months later, 20 more ____________(add).The hope is to finally expand the program to include 100 bikes and more parking station.As the need for the program increases,Big Red Bikes is working in a highly democratic (民主的)manner to determine how to expand the program. The organization sent out a campus-wide survey to decide____25____ they would put future parking stations and get advice on bike models. For example, the second 20-bike addition has a slightly different model and includes a basket.____26____ it is only a campus-wide program at present, it could contribute to a larger national movement. Boris Suchkov, the finance director of Big Red Bikes, ____27____ (explain), “When graduates go to live somewhere else, they have this expectation that biking should be a part of life.” He added, “We believe that students ____28____ are exposed to an environmentally sustainable transport system during their college years will be more likely to expect and need sustainable systems of all kinds in the future.”(B)Happiness, according to the Oxford English dictionary, ____29____(base) on luck or good fortune. Joy on the other hand, is described as a vivid emotion of pleasure. Thus, happiness depends on circumstance; joy____30____ our emotional well-being.If you know joyful people, you will probably notice common traits(特性) among them. Joyful people are often healthy, both physically and mentally; they value strong positive relationships, and they don’t allow the extremes of life -- sudden highs or sudden lows -- ____31____(influence) them too much. Joyful people lead ____32____ more stable life. But these abilities do not just arrive; they have to be worked at.Teaching ourselves to be joyful may be one of the greatest things that we can do ____33____(enhance) our overall health. However, it is important to understand that joy is an emotion that arises from within us and is not affected by the things that happen to us. Instead of looking for external things to provide happiness in our lives, we ____34____ strive to find the joywithin, educate ourselves about joy and work to enhance it in our lives. One way to start is to make a decision to wake up every morning and find joy in our lives. ____35____(think) about a special person or a devoted pet. It is our choice to be either joyful ____36____ fearful. Let’s take the time to train ourselves to be joyful -- our lives will be both happier and healthier for it.Section B(10’)Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Nine times out of ten, students complain to their Physical Education teachers about being out in the hot sun, running around for no reason. Perhaps in lower level education, children see it as a ____37____ of escaping the classroom, but as they grow older, it’s simply looked upon as a huge waste of time and energy.However, engaging in acts of physical activity from a young age is very important for both the mental and physical health of a child; the habits learnt in youth tend to continue into adulthood, thus having an effect on the prevalence of obesity and ____38____ illnesses in society. Physical activity has been ____39____ with an increased life expectancy in adults so its importance is obvious, but its value for children sometimes needs to be justified. It is never too early to start teaching a child ____40____ behavior and habits; however, in middle childhood(ages6-10)children tend to be in a____41____ of development where they think very literally and will absorb everything you teach, do and say. It is during this stage of development that they are most likely to be taught healthy eating habits, develop exercise programs and have an interest in ____42____ sports.Physical activity is one of the most important things we all can and should do to keep our body in healthy ____43____ . There are many health conditions that don’t require a pill to be swallowed on a daily basis but can be helped with a tiny amount of time invested in exercising. Physical activity is ____44____ for both mental and physical health. It has also been considered a tool for boosting our social life.People who see exercise as a total waste of time should understand that exercise is essential to life because it not only prevents us from being vulnerable to illness, but it also teaches us how to be disciplined in the sense that we have complete 45 over our body and its outcome. Today we live in an environment where we get more unhealthy foods and beverages for a lesser cost, which in 46 promotes greater consumption, and unhealthier children and adults.III. Reading Comprehension (47’)Section A (15’)Direction: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.With the sudden urge for social engagements in the modern world, many events and activities are being promoted to attract teens and adults. While adults feel out of place in a space filled with younger aged teens, teens often find themselves having to 47 between two extremes being presented by society: either teens decide to attend these events and are heavily pressured to “take just one sip,” or 48 the popular act of drinking. The legal drinking age is currently eighteen, but the illegal drinking age is as low as zero. Most people have their first by the time they’re 13. Unbelievably, that first drink can be the 49 of a troubled life.A few reasons for teens drinking are peer pressure, enjoyment, 50 sadness, boredom, rebellion and insomnia. But the main reason for doing so is “to 51 the law.” Teenagers become 52 with alcoholic beverages from the moment they enter high school. That means that a large quantity of teens under the age of eighteen have used alcohol before. Teens feel as though drinking before the legal age is a big deal, so they all try to 53 the rest of the “legal” society. Being a rebel and not 54 the rules is an important role of a teen’s life, though no one wants to face the consequences of being an adult.Despite the fact that it is illegal for young teens to purchase alcohol, they are able to get it through their parents’ liquor cabinets, 55 store clerks, or older friends who purchase it for them. As we all see, it is not hard for teens to 56 alcohol. Since there seems to be no elimination of under-age teen drinking in society, why then not just lower then drinking age? Drinking can make teens “feel good,” but this feeling lasts only for a short time. Teenagers on shows like Gossip Girl get drunk regularly, but those shows rarely 57 the problems alcohol can cause. Teenagers often think that drinking will give them more energy, but 58 isn’t an energy drink; it’s a depressant. Alcohol 59 damages the brain the body, and for this to happen at a very young age, is saddening. Drinking stimulates poorly made decisions by teens, and 60 , many teens end up pregnant or dropping out of school. They may even get hurt or 61 in severe accidents caused by their being drunk.( ) 47. A. cause B. choose C. avoid D. witness ( ) 48. A. pick up B. deal with C. fight against D. engage in( ) 49. A. excuse B. start C. symbol D. meaning ( ) 50. A. anxiety B. disorder C. imitation D. lifestyle ( ) 51. A. observe B. resist C. break D. invent( ) 52. A. busy B. content C. honest D. familiar ( ) 53. A. fit in with B. make up for C. catch up with D. hold on to ( ) 54. A. making B. explaining C. following D. breaking ( ) 55. A. illegal B. irresponsible C. forgetful D. unsatisfactory ( ) 56. A. practice B. exchange C. obtain D. stop( ) 57. A. solve B. blame C. explore D. assume ( ) 58. A. water B. wine C. liquor D. alcohol ( ) 59. A. constantly B. actually C. exactly D. unexpectedly ( ) 60. A. as a result B. in return C. on the country D. after al( ) 61. A. arrested B. cheated C. disturbed D. killedSection B ( 24’)Directions read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C, and D. choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）The day of my holiday arrived, but I wasn’t looking forward to it. I had little money and had only been able to afford to stay with my Aunt Rosa in Spain. So, I wasn’t really excited as I knew exactly what it was going to be like: lots of noisy cousins, and Aunt Rosa begging me to take her for a ride.After I had checked in, I made my way slowly to the departure gate. As I was waiting to board the plane, I kept thinking about my ideal holiday destination: Jamaica, with its long, sandy beaches and crystal-clear water.As soon as the plane took off, I fell fast asleep and only woke to the sound of the announcement: “Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts, as we will shortly be landing in Kingston.” I froze in my seat. Was I dreaming? Kingston? Jamaica? I had boarded the wrong plane!Immediately after the plane landed, I explained the situation to the authorities. It seems there were also three other passengers heading for Spain. Apparently, it had been the airline’s fault, since the flight numbers for Spain and Jamaica were exactly the same! Therefore, with no flight back to London for a week, the airline had no choice but to pay for our stay.So there I was, lying on the beach, enjoying the music and the marvelous food of Jamaica! As for Aunt Rosa, I suppose she just had to live without me!62. Why did the writer choose to spend her holiday with her aunt in Spain?A．She missed her cousins very much. B．Her aunt begged her to go there.C．She could hardly afford any better trip. D．Spain was her ideal destination.63. The underlined sentence in the passage shows that the author feels _________after she hears the announcement.A. disappointedB. surprisedC. satisfiedD. interested64. In the story, the writer ended up _________.A．flying to London immediately B．heading for Spain from Jamaica C．complaining to the authorities D．enjoying a free beach holiday65.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A．A Lucky Mistake B．A Terrible AdventureC．A Nice Dream D．A Well-Planned Trip(B)A brand is a name, word, sign, symbol, design, or a combination of these, intended to identify the goods or services of a company or a group of companies. Another purpose of a brand is to contrast one company from another. The most important skill of professional marketers is the ability to create, maintain, protect, and enhance the brands of their products and services. Branding has become so important that today hardly any company or product is without one. Therefore, brand management is an increasingly important element in marketing.Brand power refers to the relative strength of a company's brand in the minds of consumers, and can influence consumers' choice of products. Brands are powerful to the extent that they give high brand loyalty and strong brand associations, name recognition, perceived quality and other assets to a company. A strong brand can be one of a company's most important assets.High brand power provides a company with many competitive advantages. A powerful brand enjoys a high level of consumer brand awareness and loyalty. Because consumers expect stores to carry the brand, the company has more bargaining power when negotiating with retailers (零售商). And because the brand name brings high credibility, a company with a strong brand can more easily launch new products with the same brand name.Many companies use the advantage of a strong brand power strategically to expand their business. when a company introduces an additional item with a new flavour, form, colour or package size in a given product category and under the same brand name, it is called a line extension. Another strategy is called brand extension.This involves the use of a successful brand name to launch new or modified products in a new category, thereby employing brand recognition in order to increase sales of new products.Brand recognition is certainly important. Because consumers often hold long-standing perceptions about brands, high brand power ensure a company continued sales of its products.66.What does the underlined word "assets" in the 2nd paragraph mean?A. pointsB. advantagesC. aspectsD. elements67.All of the following statements are the advantages of a high brand power EXCEPTthat________.A. a high brand wins the loyalty of consumersB. a high brand usually sets a much higher priceC. it's easy for a high brand company to launch new productsD. a high brand company is more competitive when doing business with retailers.68. A brand extension________.A. happens when the company is developing a new product.B. means the expansion of a company’s business in its established field.C. takes place when the company introduces a similar item but with a new colour.D. refers to the use of an established brand name to promote a new product in a new category.69.What might be the best title of this passage?A. Brand PowerB. Famous BrandC. Company BrandsD. Brand Products(C)Do you know anyone who suffers from equinophobia, pluviophobia or leukophobia? Or to put it another way, do you know anyone who is very afraid of horses, rain or the colour white? You probably don’t, and yet these are recognized medical conditions, though very rare ones.According to many surveys, more than ten per cent of people in the United States have some kind of phobia. There are, of course, dozens of different kinds, ranging from the unknown to the well-know.True phobias consist of an intense fear that produces a very strong desire to avoid the object of that fear. Without specialist help they are very difficult to control and tend to disrupt the daily life of the sufferer. Quite often, however, the term phobia is also used to refer to a lesser degree of fear, or even just a strong feeling of dislike. There is some disagreement as to the most common phobia, but the "top ten" lists usually include arachnophobia (the fear of spiders), acrophobia (heights), claustrophobia (confined spaces) and aerophobia (flying in aircraft). Phobias often ornate from upsetting experiences earlier in life-for example an intense fear of dogs (cynophobia) often comes from having been bitten by one; and of water(aquaphobia)from having been close to drowning at some point. In some cases, however, experts suggest phobias are to some extent evolutionary, arising not from personal experience but from inherited memory lying deep in our brains. Arachnophobia and ophidiophobia (the fear of snakes) are often suggested as examples: for our distant ancestors, who lived closer to nature than we do, fear of poisonous spider and snakes would have served the useful evolutionary purpose of helping them avoid potentially fatal bites.A common technique for treating some phobias is that ‘progressive exposure’ in which sufferers are encouraged by a therapist to gradually get closer to the object of their fear. The idea is that at each step the patient realize nothing bad is happening to them, which should lead to their fear gradually decreasing. With someone who is terrified of spiders, for example, the therapist might start by showing them a picture of a spider, then introducing a real spider in a glass box and slowly moving the box closer to them, then finally having them hold the spider in the palm of their hand. Therapy of this kind is said to be very effective, although in this case perhaps not very enjoyable.70.The underlined word “phobia” most probably means________.A.medicineB. fearC. conditionD. desire71.What can be inferred from the passage?A.We may be born with some kind of phobias.B.Experts agree on which phobia happen most frequently.C.Environment may be a key factor to heal people’s phobias.D.Specialists suggest that most phobias will affect our life greatly.72.Which of the following is most likely to be an example of “progressive exposure”?A.See a small spider---see a bigger spider---see an even bigger spider.B.Be frightened of a spider---care nothing about a spider---like a spider.C.Stay with a spider for 10 seconds---stay with a spider for 20 seconds--stay with a spider for 30 seconds.D.Watch a picture of a spider---see a real spider in a glass box---hold the spider in the hand.73.The purpose of the passage is to________.A.point out the ways to cure people of a medical condition.B.argue for experts’ viewpoints on a medical condition.C.give an introduction of a kind of medical condition.D.explain the origin of a medical condition.Section C (8分)Directions: Read the following passage and then choose the most suitable headings from the list below for the passage. Note that there are two extra headings.these yearly road trips can often be the source of dread and stress. The thought of being trapped in the car with restless children or the possibility of cat trouble along the way is enough to make anyone consider staying home.____75____Plan the route for your car trip. If you’re planning on driving to your holiday destination, a little planning can help make your trip easy and uneventful.____76____Remember, it’s likely that you won’t be the only person on the road during the holidays, and traffic is always a factor. Alternate routes or shortcuts can help reduce time spent in traffic jams and get you to your destination sooner. This information can also come in handy in case of road construction or other situations that might block your primary route.Consider your luggage needs. If you're traveling by car, the issue of luggage is only important with regards to the amount of room needed. Before you begin packing, think about how many people will be in your vehicle and how much room they will need to travel comfortably. This could affect the number of bags that you can take along.______77_____ Not only is the possibility of lost luggage an issue, but most airlines now charge extra for checked baggage. For a family of four, carrying a few bags each could result in several hundred dollars' worth of baggage fees during your trip. Try to pack as lightly as possible.第二卷（共47分）1.Translation(4’+4’+4’+5'+5’=22’)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.《流浪地球》（The Wandering Earth）被认为是今年春节最受欢迎的一部电影。