2010年大连外国语大学英语翻译基础真题答案

合集下载

考研英语历年真题翻译部分答案1994——2010

1994年英译汉试题71) Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool.他们说，科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等更为普通的东西72) In short, a leader of the new school contends, the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable direction.新学派的一位领袖人物坚持说：简而言之，我们所谓的科学革命，主要是指一系列器具的改进、发明和使用，而这些改进、发明和使用使科学发展无所不及73) Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science.工具和技术本身作为根本性创新的源泉多年来在很大程度上被历史学家和科学思想家们忽视了。

74) Galileo's greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the earth.伽利略的最光辉业绩在于他在1609年第一个把新发明的望远镜对准天空，以证实行星是围绕太阳旋转而不是围绕地球旋转的。

翻译硕士英语2010答案

,
是蓝领工人 ,因为这些行业与经济运行的好坏最相关。D选项正是此意。A,B,C 选项与此无关。 ” “.B 由本文最后一段最后一句话 ,“ But in the long血 n。 ¨psychdogically dyna血 ℃ ,可知从长期来看 ,这种失业现象必然会导致政治上 ,经济上和心理上的危险。因此可推测失业问题最终会导致严重的社会问题。B选项正是此意。A,C,D选项与此无关。 Passage Two es枷,Ds36Jo40仞昭 Dc“ 〃 @刀仂纟roJJov枷留 pJfscgB。口刃 %.C 由文章第二段最后一句话 ,“ A homone。 ¨山ings hⅡ pen dsewhere。 ” ,可知 ,荷尔蒙是由一处组织产生而作用于另一处组织的化学组织。因此 ,C选项正是此意 ,它会对身体的另一个部分产生影响。A,B,D选项文中均未提及。 3T。 D 此题可用排除法。答案应定位在第三段。A选项中提到的 scientists,function在第三段中都从未出现过 ,所以为无关选项 ,排除。B选项中提到 frequentˇ ,而分泌荷尔蒙的频率在此段中也未提到 ,排除。C选项中的 aging process在此段中也没有出现排除。因此 ,此题应选 D选项。 38.D 原文高亮处的意思是 :最普遍的荷尔蒙的影响力是不显著的 ,但是却很深远而且难以追踪 :他们可以改变情绪 ,影响人类的行为 ,甚至会影响通常看来是自发的那些行为。A选项将句意的重点放在了情绪和行为上 ,但文中的句子的重点则是荷尔蒙及其作用 ,因此 A选项错误。B选项中提到的科学家现在还不肯定荷尔蒙的影响的深远程度 ,属于无关信息。C选项中的 urgent tre乱 ment属于无关信息。D选项的意思是 :荷尔蒙的影响难以衡量 ,但是它可以影响人类的心理和行动。正确。 40

2010年大连外国语学院汉教真题解析

B.符号字的变形，下面_________一组全是这种情况。
A.煮、杰、点、熬
B.煮、熬、热、煎
C.煮、点、热、蒸
D.煮、煎、黑、蒸
5.偏义词在构词法中属于_________型。
A.偏正
B.补充
C.述宾
D.联合
6.汉字形体发展史上最重要的一个转折点是___________。
二、判断题（每小题 1 分，共 20 分）（对的画√○，错的画×）
官方网址
北大、人大、中财、北外教授创办
集训营、一对一保分、视频、小班、少干、强军
书面语是在日语的基础上形成的。发音时，声音振动的一定是元音。胡琴的声音和口琴不同，是因为它们的发音体不同。从人的发音器官发出的声音就是语音。元音和辅音是从音素中分析出来的比音素更小的语音单位。音节和音素都是语音的最小单位。隶书是古文字演变为今文字的转折点。文字是一种意义结合的符合系统，是最重要的辅助性交际工具。中国古代造字法就是人们常说的“六书”。汉字整理包括两方面的内容，精简字数和精简笔画。简化字笔画简单，有利于汉字的学习和使用，因此我们应该大量地不断地简化汉字。语素是语言中最小的语义单位。单纯词指的是一个单音节语素构成的词。语义场就通过不同词之间的对比，根据它们词义的区别特征或关系划分出来的类。词义的模糊性指的是词义的界限不清楚，它来源于词所表示的事物边界不清。多义词的基本义就是它的原始意义。语法学分词法学和法学两个部分词法学的研究包括词的结构，词形变化和词类。句法学的研究范围是短语，句子的结构规律和类型。短语是语法上能够搭配的，没有句调的一组词，是成句的备用单位。 “没有”（没）在动词，形态词前是副词，作状语，否定性状，行为的曾经发生，在名词前也是副词，否定事物的存在或否定对事物的域有。 “枪杆子里出政权。”这个比喻很形象。

大连外国语学院期末考试试卷(基础A)

大连外国语学院期末考试试卷（2004 —2005 学年第2学期）课程名称：基础德语2 试卷类型：A 卷考试对象：德语03级考试时间：120分钟I. Finden Sie bitte die richtige Lösung heraus(20%) 1. Wann bist du denn ____? a) geoperiert worden b) operiert geworden c) operiert worden d) operiert werden 2. Er drehte den Wasserhahn und ____. a) waschte sich die Hände b) wusch sich die Hände c) wasch sich die Hände d) waschte sich die Hände 3. Ich würde gern mit dir in die Diskothek gehen, aber ich ___heute noch viel zu tun. a) brauche b) muß c) habe d) möchte 4. Gestern glaubte ich alles ____, aber heute beim Test konnte ich wieder gar nichts mehr. a) verstanden b) verstanden habe c) verstehen d) verstanden zu haben 5. Ich habe mein Heft vergessen, ___ Sie mir wohl ein Blatt Papier geben?a) hätten b) könnten c) dürfen d) wollten系别、班级：考试号：姓名：………………………………………………………装…………订…………线………………………………………………6. Was kann man nicht sagen?a) Er hat sich verliebt b) Er hat sich entlobtc) Er hat sich geschieden d) Er hat sich verlobt7. Ich ___ sehr zufrieden, wenn es mir so gut ginge wie dir.a) bin b) würde c) sei d) wäre8. Herr Meyer hat sich beim Skifahren das rechte Bein ___.a) zerbrochen b) verbrochen c) gebrochen d) abgebrochen9. Sie ___ so, als ob sie uns nicht gesehen hätte.a) scheint b) sieht c) macht d) tut10. Die ____ von Nürnberg ist 90402.a) Postnummer b) Postleitziffer c) Postkartenzahl d) Postleitzahl11. Zwei Leute, die eng nebeneinander gehen, gehen ___.a) Seite bei Seite b) Seite für Seite c) Seite zu Seite d) Seite an Seite12. Diese Arbeit hat doch ___ gedauert, als ich gedacht hatte.a) so lange b) am längsten c) ganz lange d) viel länger13. Ich habe endlich ein Zimmer gefunden! Wochenlang habe ich___gesucht.a) dafür b) dazu c) danach d) darüber14. Auf dem Markt gibt es frische Erdbeeren. Soll ich dir ____ mitbringen?a) sie b) diese c) solches d) welche15.Gibt es hier ___, der was von Elektronik versteht?a) einer b) ein c) eine d) einen16.Dieser Sessel ist wirklich bequem. Man fühlt sich wohl ___.a) daran b) darin c) darauf d) darüber17. Kennen Sie Herrn Li,____ Eltern ich ein Jahr gewohnt habe?a) bei denen b) mit dem c) mit ihm d) bei dessen18.Er zog sich aus und legte sich ___.a) im Bett b) in Bett c) ins Bett d) zu Bett19.Hast du dich schon ___ die Zulassung zum Studium beworben?a) um b) für c) an d) auf20.Der Lehrer schreibt das Wort ____ Wandtafel.a) an der b) auf die c) in die d) an die21.___ Schreck ließ sie das Tablett fallen.a) Aus b) Wegen c) Durch d) V or22. Hilf deiner Schwester lieber im Garten, ____ hier herumzusitzen!a)um b) ohne c) von d) statt23. Was ist denn los? Du bist ja ganz ____ Atem!a) ohne b) von c) aus dem d) außer24.Weißt du nichts, ____ man dem Kranken eine Freude machen könnte?a) dass b) das c) womit d) was25. "Wie geht es denn Ihrem kranken Kollegen?" "____ ich weiß, schon viel viel besser!"a) Was b) So dass c) Sowie d) Wieviel26.Ich würde keinen neuen Motor in diesen alten Wagen einbauen lassen! Ich glaube nicht, ___ sich das lohnt.a) dass b) ob c) wie d) wieviel27. Nach dieser schweren Krankheit willst du schon wieder arbeiten? ____das nicht zu früh ist?a) wie b) was c) obwohl d) ob28. Ich muß diesen Brief noch schreiben, ___ ich nach Hause gehe.a) bevor b) zuvor c) daher d) vorher29.Er hat das Licht schon wieder brennen lassen, ___ ich ihn gebetenhatte, es auszumachen, wenn er weggeht.a) ob b) trotz c)wie d) obwohl30. Der Fluß ist nur an dieser Stelle tief, ____ ist er überall flach.a) sondern b) aber c) sonst d) dagegen31. ___ diese Tatsache nur durch Wärme erklärt werden kann, erscheintfraglich.a) Dass b)Wenn c)0b d)Da32. —Woher weißt du denn das schon wieder?—Na,das hat doch gestern__Zeitung gestanden.a)auf der b) aus der c) in der d)von der33. Alle Ämter, ___ ich mich erkundigt habe, konnten mir auch nichtsGenaues sagen.a) bei denen b) bei ihnen c) die d) wobei34. Er klagt seit Wochen darüber, kaum noch ___.a) gehört werden b) hören könnenc) hören werden d) hören zu können35. Du warst im Urlaub so weit weg? Da gibt es sicher viel ___.a) erzählen b) erzählt c) erzählt worden d) zu erzählen36. Er hat den Vertrag unterschrieben, ___ ihn vorher genau gelesen zuhaben.a) ohne b) ohne daßc) ohne zu d) und nicht37. Mein Freund weißgenau, wie gern ich lange schlafe; ___ ruft ermich wieder morgens um sieben Uhr an.a) aber b)denn c) obwohl d) trotzdem38. Bist du schon wieder in der Wirtschaft gewesen? Du ___jaschrecklich nach Bier!a) hustest b) riechst c) rufst d) siehst39. Nach ___ Prüfung warf er seine Bücher aus dem Fenster.a) bestandener b) entstandener c) gestandener d) verstandener40. Er hat mir den Brief___ Höflichkeit geschrieben.a) von b) vor c) aus d) durchII.Formen Sie bitte die Sätze nach den angegebenen Hinweisen um (20%)1.Er geht früh ins Bett, denn er will morgen fit sein. (in Finalsatz)2.Das Wort "Theater" hat heute unterschiedliche Bedeutungen. DasWort stammt aus dem Griechischen.(in Relativsatz)3.In diesem Hotel kann man vor sieben Uhr nicht frühstücken.(inPassiv)4.Wir essen normalerweise um 5 Uhr. (in Passiv)5.Obwohl Herr Arm wenig Geld verdient, ist er glücklich.(mit“trotzdem“)6."Bei schwachen Winden aus Südwest bleibt es sonnig und warm.// (inindirekter Rede)7.Herr Müller arbeitet viel. Er wird reich, (mit je—, desto—)8.Wenn er ein höheres Gehalt hätte, würde er für ein eigenes Haussparen.(Wenn-Satz in Präpositionalphrase)9.Während seines Studiums in Berlin ging der Ausländer oft insTheater.(in Temporalsatz)10.Nachdem der Lehrer in Dresden angekommen war, besuchte ersofort seinen Freund.(in adverbialer Partizipialkonstruktion)III. Ergänzen Sie die Sätze! (15%)1. Sonnabends ist der Supermarkt nur____ 14 Uhr geöffnet.2. Beim Schluss eines Briefes schreibt man oft: …Viele Grüsse _____ Deine Familie".3. ______ denkst du? - Ich denke an die Sommerferien.4. Nicht er, _____ du bist daran schuld.5. -Hast du Durst?- Nein, ich habe schon eine Flasche Limonade _______.6. Die Ludwigstraße führt _____ Schwabing.7. Dann können Sie _____ auch das alte Rathaus ansehen.8. _____ Jahr findet in Köln der Karneval statt.9. Er kann nicht mitspielen, seine Frau ist _____ schwer krank.10.Das schenke ich dir ____ Geburtstag.11. ______ der Prüfling für Leseverständnis ist das Wörterbuch verboten.12._____ Frankfurt stammt der Dichter Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.13.Der Sohn sah den Vater aus dem Auto ______.14.Mein Bruder ist 10 Jahre _____ als ich.15. Er ist ____ nicht so intelligent, aber sehr fleißig.IV. Kombination(5%)Bundesland1)Schleswig-Holstein 2)Niedersachsen 3)Brandenburg4)Mecklenburg-V orpommern 5)Nordrhein-Westfalen6)Hessen 7)Rheinland-Pfalz 8)Baden-Württemberg9)Thüringen 10)BayernHauptstadta.Mainzb.Stuttgartc.Kield.Hannovere.Potsdamf.Schwering.Düsseldorfh.Wiesbadeni.München J.ErfurtV. Ergänzen Sie die Sätze, damit die neuen Sätze die gleiche oder ähnliche Bedeutung von den angegebenen Sätzen haben (20%)1.Aber natürlich, das werde ich nie vergessen.→Aber natürlich, das werde ich nie ________________________.2.Ich habe ihn noch gut im Gedächtnis.→1)Er ist _______________________.2)Ich _____________________an ihn.3.Er behält neue Wörter schnell im Kopf.→1)Er _______________________ein.2)Er _______________________schnell.4.Unsere Mannschaft siegte über die der Fakultät für Chemie.→Unsere Mannschaft ____die der Fakultät für Chemie.5.Übermorgen sprechen wir über seine V orschläge.→Übermorgen ____wir seine V orschläge.6.Familie Beck bewohnt eine alte Villa.→Familie Beck ____in einer alten Villa.7.Frau Dr. von Zahnd verfolgt in Dürrenmatts Drama “Die Physiker”das Ziel, über die ganze Welt zu herrschen.→Frau Dr. von Zahnd verfolgt in Dürrenma tts Drama “Die Physiker”das Ziel, die ganze Welt zu ____.8.Moritz hatte auf die neue Tapete schöne, bunte Kreise gemalt.→Moritz hatte die neue Tapete __________________________.VI. Leseverständnis(20%)Text ALesen Sie zuerst die 10 Überschriften und dann die 5 Texte. Entscheiden Sie: Welche Überschrift (a-j) passt am besten zu welchem Text (1-5)?derFreizeitaktivitäten ganz weit vorne. Wer aber schlecht ausgerüstet losfährt bzw. joggt, dem vergeht schnell die Lust auf Bewegung. Hobbysportler benötigen keine Bikes der Spitzenklasse und auch keine Joggingschuhe, wie sie Wettkampfläufer verwenden, einen gewissen Standard sollte man aber dennoch wahren. Nicht umsonst gibt es Schuhe zum Tennisspielen, zum Joggen, zum Radfahren usw. Auch beim Fahrradkauf sollte man genau überlegen, was man will; wer nur auf asphaltierten Straßen unterwegs ist, braucht kein Mountainbike.2.Schon wieder mit Mama und Papa nach Spanien? Oder zur Oma an den Bodensee? Da hat der Berliner Verein …Falken“ eine bessere Idee. Auf seine Homepage www.jugendfahrten.de werden Erlebnisreisen für Jugendliche angeboten, die jede Menge Spaßund Abenteuer versprechen. Ob zum Kanufahren nach Schweden oder ins Strand-Camp nach Korsika, wer zwischen 6 und 17 Jahren alt ist, darf mit. Und: Die Gruppen werden von geschulten Betreuern begleitet, sodass Mama und Papa beruhigt wieder nach Spanien fliegen können.3.Als erste Schweizer Stadt gibt Basel seinen Hotel-Touristen einen Gratis-Fahrausweis für den öffentlichen Verkehr. Ab Januar erhalten alle Gäste beim Eincheken in ein Hotel, die Jugendherberge oder eine andere Beherbergungsstätte automatisch eine persönliche Gratiskarte, das …Mobility-Ticket“. Mit diesem können sie Tram, Bahn und Bus in Basel und auf den V orortslinien (Zonen 10 und 11) frei benutzen. Informationen: Tel.: 0 61/2 67 81 81, Internet: www.tnw.ch.4.Gemeinsam etwas zu gestalten. Man kommt ins Gespräch, lernt sich besser kennen. Das ist das Ziel der Workcamps für Jugendliche zwischen 16 und 26 Jahren, die weltweit angeboten werden. Zum Beispiel in Israel, wo in Haifa ein Garten angelegt wird (eine Woche im Juli, August, Oktober). Oder auf Zypern, wo zwei Kapellen im Städtchen Polis restauriert werden (drei Wochen im Juni und Juli). Preis für die Zypern-Reise: 1315 DM, inklusive Flug, Appartement, Halbpension; Pauschalpaket für Israel ab 895 DM (Kolping Jugendreisen, Tel. 02 21/20 70 11 15, Fax 2 07 01 40, Internet: www.kolping.de).5.Der Winter ist nicht unbedingt die Lieblingsjahreszeit der Mehrheit. Doch ist man auch in der kalten Saison in der Freizeit nicht einfach zum Nichtstun verurteilt. Die Schweizer Bahnen haben auch in diesemJahr wieder zehn heiße Ideen auf praktischen Freizeitkärtchen gesammelt. Ob man nun eher auf dem Gemmipass durch den Schnee wandert oder die Warmwasserquellen in Yverdon-les-Bains besucht:Die Ideen-Kartei im A7-Format bietet für jeden Geschmack das Passende. Die Kärtchen sind an jedem SBB-Bahnhof erhältlich. Für Ordnung sorgt außerdem eine Gratis-Sammelbox, die ebenfalls am Bahnhof bezogen werden kann.Text BWie sind die DeutschenDie Zeitschrift …Der Spiegel" machte in Frankreich und in der BRD eine Umfrage. Wie die Bürger das andere V olk finden und was sie über sich selbst denken? Franzosen über Deutsche: mutig und fleißig. Deutsche über Franzosen: nicht besser als wir.Nur ein Ausländer entdeckte bei den Deutschen HumorDeutsche sind vor allem fleißig, ordentlich, diszipliniert und genau, doch selten spontan, of f en und herzlich. Dieses Meinungsbild hat eine Auswertung der Alexander-von-Humboldt-Stiftung ergeben, die die Erfahrungen von 300 ausländischen Wissenschaftlern zusammenfaßt, die ein Jahr oder länger in der BRD gelebt haben. Überwiegend bezeichnet man das Verhalten der Deutschen gegenüber Ausländern als freundlich, höflich oder hilfsbereit. Doch 20% der Aussagen sind negativ. Die Gäste stellen bei den Deutschen Fleiß, Disziplin, Ordnung, Zuverlässigkeit, Genauigkeit und Sparsamkeit fest, aber sie vermißten Phantasie, Flexibilität und Risikofreudigkeit. So nannten die Deutschen … e rn st, reserviert,vershiossen, unpersönlich, kühl". Die meisten fanden es schwierig, freundsch a ftliche engere Kontakte mit Deutschen herzustellen.Ordn u ngsliebe und Fleiß bleiben die Haupter z iehungsziele Ordnugnsliebe und Fleißsind für fast die Hälfte der Bundesbürger auch heute noch die wichtigsten Erziehungsziele. 49 Prozent von 2700 Deutschen, die das Institut für Angewandte Sozialwissenschaft in diesem Jahr befragte, nannten diese beiden Eigenschaften an erster Stelle. Fast ebenso viele Bundesbürger, 46 Prozent, gaben der Erziehung zu Selbständigkeit und freiem Wille V orrang. Folgsamkeit und Anpassung waren für 24 Prozent die idealen Eigenschaften.Richtig oder falsch!(r/f)1. Franzosen finden Deutsche mutig und fleißig, aber Deutsche haben einen sehr guten Eindruck von den Franzosen. ()2. Für Ausländer sind Deutsche höflich und freundlich. ()3. Deutsche sind aber zu ernst, verschlossen und unpersönlich. Mit ihnen kann man keine engeren Kontakte haben. ()4. Die Haupterziehungsziele aller Bundesbürger sind Ordnungsliebe und Fleiß. ()5. Nur wenige Bundesbürger finden die Erziehung zu Selbständigkeit und freiem Willen wichtig. ()。

英语试卷翻译与2010年答案

2005英译汉Nearly 20 years ago, Amory Lovins first advocated energy efficiency rather than increasing energy supplies, Seen then as a gadfly, he now advises industry and government on the cost benefits of conservation, based on research at his Rocky Mountain Institute. For example, over its lifetime each fluorescent bulb adds 1,000 kilograms less carbon dioxide to the atmosphere than an incandescent bulb and reduces electric bills.差不多20年前，艾默利洛温斯第一次倡导提高能源的使用效率，而不是增加能源供应量。

那时候，他被看成是一只牛虻，很讨厌。

根据他在落基山研究院的的研究，他又给工厂和政府在环境保护的成本效益方面提出了建议。

例如：终其一生，使用荧光灯向空气中排放的二氧化碳要比使用日光灯少近1000千克，并且能减少电费。

2005汉译英多数事情是不能没有朋友而独自享受，但是阅读却是可以的。

当我们独自坐在家中时，我们能漫游世界，并且能够明白成千上万种事情产生的道理。

我们生活在，却能与生活在数千年前的人交谈。

读书能丰富我们的阅历：使我们能体验到别人对生活的感受，哪怕他们生活在千里之外，或数百年前。

Most times, we cannot enjoy something alone but except reading. When we sat home and read alone, we could travel around the world and understand the reasons of tens of thousands of things. We are living in the modern society but we can communicate with people, who lived thousands of years ago. Reading can enrich our experience and help us learn other people’s feeling, even if they lived a thousand miles away, or hundreds of years ago.2006英译汉……which seems to be almost universally understood: intelligence is an excellence of mind that is employed within a fairly narrow, immediate, and predictable range; it is a manipulative, adjustive, unfailingly practical quality-one of the most eminent and endearing of the animal virtues, Intelligence works within the framework of limited but clearly stated goals, and may be quick to shear away questions of thought that do not seem help in reaching them. Finally, it is of such universal use that it can daily be seen at work and admired aike by simple or complex minds.译文：这几乎被普遍接受----大脑的智力利用只局限于非常小的直接的可预测的范围。

大连外国语大学高级翻译学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解专业课考试试题

目　录2010年大连外国语大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2011年大连外国语大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2012年大连外国语大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解2010年大连外国语大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解一、将下列短语译成汉语（1）UNDP: United Nations Development Program【答案】联合国开发计划署（2）TMD: theater missile defense (system)【答案】战区导弹防御（系统）（3）OTC: Over the Counter【答案】非处方（药）（4）IMF【答案】国际货币基金组织（5）NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration 【答案】美国国家航空和宇宙航行局（6）GPS Global Position System【答案】全球定位系统（7）cruise missile【答案】巡航导弹（8）irrevocable letter of credit【答案】不可撤销信用证（9）critical pressure【答案】临界电压（10）insulating board【答案】绝缘板（11）refugee camp【答案】难民营（12）intellectual property right【答案】知识产权（13）notary public office【答案】公证处（14）financial deficit【答案】财政赤字（15）Reuters【答案】（英国）路透社二、将下列短语译成英语（1）多次入境签证【答案】Multiple entry visa（2）反导弹卫星【答案】Anti missile satellite（3）国际标准化组织【答案】international organization for standardization （4）对外经济贸易委员会【答案】Foreign economy and Trade Committee（5）中国民航【答案】Civil Aviation Administration of China; CAAC （6）臭氧层【答案】ozone layer（7）跳台跳水【答案】platform diving（8）载人宇宙飞船【答案】manned spaceship（9）候机大厅【答案】The lobby of the airport（10）国务院【答案】the Sate Council（11）（美国）联邦储备委员会【答案】Federal Reserve Board（12）联合国儿童基金会【答案】UNICEF（13）物联网【答案】Internet of things（14）核心利益和重大关切【答案】Core interests and major concerns（15）中国远洋运输总公司【答案】China Ocean Shipping Company三、将下列短文译成汉语PASSAGE 1The Obama administration on Monday plans to announce a campaign to pressure mortgage companies to reduce payments for many more troubled homeowners, as evidence mounts that a $75 billion taxpayer-financed effort aimed at stemming foreclosures is foundering.“The banks are not doing a good enough job，” Michael S. Barr, Treasury’s assistant secretary for financial institutions, said in an interview Friday.“Some of the firms ought to be embarrassed, and they will be.”（选自《纽约时报》）【参考译文】奥巴马政府计划在周一宣布一项给抵押放款公司施压使其减少对更多的陷入困境的私房所有者放贷的运动。

大连外国语学院英语专业研究生课程表(2010-2011

大连外国语学院英语研究生课程表（2011-2012学年第一学期）注：1、未标明课程类型的均为专业选修课。

2、二外日语1班8B510，二外日语2班8B512，二外日语三班8B514，二外法语1班8B515，二外法语2班8B513，二外德国语8B517，二外俄语8A707，二外韩国语8B511，二外西语8A707大连外国语学院2011级MTI（英语口笔译）研究生课程表（2011-2012学年第一学期）大连外国语学院2010级MTI（英语笔译）研究生课程表（2011-2012学年第一学期）二外俄语8A707，二外韩国语8B509, 二外西语8A707大连外国语学院日语研究生课程表（2011-2012学年第一学期）2、二外英语1班8B503，二外英语2班8B502，二外英语3班8B505，二外英语4班8B507，二外英语5班8B508，二外英语6班8B511大连外国语学院翻译硕士（日语）研究生课程表（2011-2012学年第一学期）注：二外英语1班8B503，二外英语2班8B502，二外英语3班8B505，二外英语4班8B507，二外英语5班8B508，二外英语6班8B511大连外国语学院俄语研究生课程表（2011-2012学年第一学期）2011级8B507注：二外英语1班8B503，二外英语2班8B502，二外英语3班8B505，二外英语4班8B507，二外英语5班8B508，二外英语6班8B5112010级8B510大连外国语学院俄语系翻译硕士（MTI）课程表（2011-2012学年第一学期）2011级 8B502大连外国语学院俄语系阿语研究生课程表（2011-2012学年第一学期）2011级 8A709注：二外英语1班8B503，二外英语2班8B502，二外英语3班8B505，二外英语4班8B507，二外英语5班8B508，二外英语6班8B511 大连外国语学院法语研究生课程表（2011-2012学年第一学期）注：二外英语1班8B503，二外英语2班8B502，二外英语3班8B505，二外英语4班8B507，二外英语5班8B508，二外英语6班8B511 大连外国语学院韩国语研究生课程表（2011-2012学年第一学期）注：1、《韩国传统文化研究》为外聘知名专家课，授课者为韩国成均馆大学名誉教授崔博光，于10月18日至24日集中一周上课。

2010年辽宁卷附答案word版

2010l辽宁英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）【略】第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：We _______ last night, but we went to the concert instead.A．must have studied B. might studyC. should have studiedD. would study答案是C。

21.—I’ll do the washing-up. Jack, would you please do the floors?—_______.A．Y es, please B．No, I don’t C. Y es, sure D. No, not at al l22.There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in _______ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _______ earth.A．the; the B. 不填; the C．the; 不填D．a; the23.Jim went to answer the phone. _______, Harry started to prepare lunch.A. HoweverB. Nevertheles sC. BesidesD. Meanwhile24.Joseph ______to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say ―What’s your name?‖ in Russian. A．has been going B．went C．goes D．has gone25.We were astonished _______ the temple still in its original condition.A．finding B．to find C．find D．to be found26.Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _______ be regular exercise.A．can B．will C．must D．may27.We only had ＄100 and that was _______ to buy a new computer.A．nowhere near enough B．near enough nowhereC．enough near nowhere D．near nowhere enough28.Thousands of people _______ to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland.A．turned on B．turned in C．turned around D．turned out29.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _______ he wanted to sit next to his wife.A．although B．unless C．because D．if30.I _______ all the cooking for my family, but recently I’ve been too busy to do it.A．will do B．do C．am doing D．had done31. I agree to his suggestion ______the condition that he drops all charges .A. byB. inC. onD. to32. the new movie _____to be one of the biggest money-makers of all time .A. promisesB. agrees c. pretends D. declines33. the fact that she was foreign made _____difficult for her to get a job in that countryA soB .much C. that D. it34. ----it’s no use having ideas only .----don’t worry. Peter can show you ________to turn an idea into an act .A. howB. whoC. whatD. where35. Alexander tried to get his work _______in the medical circles .A. to recognizeB. recognizingC. recognizeD. recognized答案：21。

2010年考研英语真题英译汉分析及答案

英语辅导专家贾洪伟⽼师，针对2010年考研英语英译汉部分进⾏分析，2010考研英语英译汉⽂章属环保范畴，摘⾃利奥波德(Aldo Leopold)于1966年在⽜津⼤学出版出版的《沙乡年鉴》(A Sand Country Almanac)中的“⼟地伦理”(The Land Ethics)部分，具体在原书210页。

本题⼲中，出题者也是动过“⼩⼿术”的，⽐如：第⼀段的原⽂是：“One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Wildflowers and songbirds are examples. Of the 22,000 higher plants and animals native to Wisconsin, it is doubtful whether more than 5 per cent can be sold, fed, eaten, or otherwise put to economic use. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community, and if (as I believe) its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance。

”，经过加⼯就变成了“One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community, and if (as I believe) its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance。

2010翻译真题

The Essay and the Essayist 散文和散文匠(上外真题，2010）2011-10-18 22:44:01The Essay and the Essayist散文和散文匠The essayist is a self-liberated man, sustained by the childish belief that everything he thinks about, everything that happens to him, is of general interest. He is a fellow who thoroughly enjoys his work, just as people who take bird walks enjoy theirs. Each new excursion of the essayist, each new "attempt," differs from the last and takes him into new country. This delights him. Only a person who is congenitally self-centered has the effrontery and the stamina to write essays.散文创作之人乃自我解束之人，通常怀揣孩童般天真的念想，认为其所想所遇之事皆情趣盎然。

如遛鸟之人自娱自乐，其工作之时乐在其中。

每一次崭新的创作之旅，皆为有别于前一次的全新的“尝试”，将其领入全新的天地，令其心花怒放。

唯有天生孤芳自赏之人，才能拥有果敢与耐性，撰写散文。

There are as many kinds of essays as there are human attitudes or poses, as many essay flavors as there are Howard Johnson ice creams. The essayist arises in the morning and, if he has work to do, selects his garb from an unusually extensive wardrobe: he can pull on any sort of shirt, be any sort of person, according to his mood or his subject matter----philosopher scold, jester, raconteur, confidant, pundit, devil's advocate, enthusiast. I like the essay, have always liked it, and even as a child was at work, attempting to inflict my young thoughts and experiences on others by putting them on paper. I early broke into print in the pages of St. Nicholas.但凡人类，遇事态度不一，姿态不同；霍华德•约翰逊牌冰淇林口味也多种多样；散文创作亦是如此，一千位作者会产生一千部迥异之作。

2010年高考英语试题附答案解析

2010年高考英语试题附答案解析第一卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题l分，满分l5分)从四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. --- Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?--- No，I____my homework all day yesterday．A. was doingB. would doC. had doneD. do22. The workers____the glasses and marked on each box “This Side UP”A. carriedB. deliveredC. pressedD. packed23. I’ll spend half of my holida y practicing English and____half learning drawingA. anotherB. the otherC. other’sD. other24. As a child, Jack studied in a village school，____is named after his grandfather．A. whichB. whereC. whatD. that25. Mary made coffee____her guests were finishing theirmealA. so thatB. althoughC. whileD. as if26. I have seldom seen my mother____pleased with my progress as she is nowA. soB. very D. rather27. showed her students some old maps from the library．A. to borrowB. to be borrowedC. borrowedD. borrowing28. When you are home，give a call to let me know you safely．A. are arrivingB. have arrivedC. had arrivedD. will arrive29. Just be patient .You expect the world to change so soonA. can’tB. needn’tC. may notD. will not30. The little boy won’t go to sleep his mother tells him a story．A. or C. but D. whether31. --- Everybody is going to climb the mountain. Can I go too, mum?--- ____. Wait till you are old enough, dear．A. will you?B. Why not?C. I hope soD. I’m afraid not32. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune____.A. is madeB. would makeC. was to be madeD. had made33. We haven’t discussed yet we are going to place our new furnitureA. thatB. whichC. whatD. where34. with Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank____ presents for my dadA. buyB. to buyC. buyingD. to have bought35. --- Was he sorry for what he’d done? --- ____A. No wonderB. Well doneC. Not reallyD. Go ahead答案及解析：21. A 考查时态。

2010年大连外国语学院汉教真题解析

2010 年大连外国语学院汉教真题解析
汉语基础
壹、汉语语言文学基础知识（共 80 分）一、填空题（每小题 1 分，共 30 分） 1.现代汉民族共同语以______________为语法规范。 2.与印欧语系语言相比，汉语在语法上最大的特点是________。 3.在汉语的七大方言中，闽粤方言与普通话的距离最大，_______方言之一。 4.拼音方案的用途是_________。 5.语音具有三方面的性质是________。 6.汉语音节最多可以由____________个音素。 7.同一个语音系统中能够区别意义的最小语音类型的单位是_______。 8.现代汉语普通话有辅音_____________个。 9.普通话阳平的调值是____________。 10.现代汉语普通话大约有____________个音节（包括声调） 11.汉字是_________的书写符合系统。 12.现行汉字的结构单位有两级：一是_________，二是偏旁。 13.在现代汉语中，有些合成词有时需要拆开来使用，如，洗澡_________洗了一个澡。这种有时候需要拆开来使用的词叫__________。 14.语境就是语言单位出现时的环境，可分为上下文语境和______________。 15.语言中最小的音义结合体是______________。 16.短语里的种种结构关系主要是通过_________和_________这两种语法手段表示出来。 17.量词短语包括数量短语和指量短语，由________或_________加上量词组成的。 18.合成词有复合式、附加式、和_____________三种形式。 19.词义的性质包括概括性、__________和民族性。 20.语法具有概括性________民族性、系统性等四种基本性质。 21.词的语法特性指的是词________的能力、词与词的_______能力的重叠、粘附等能力。 22.古语词包括一般所说的文言词和历史词，它们来源于_________。 23.“我觉得有些体育运动很野兽、很残忍。”这句话中的“很野兽”的说法不符合一般的汉语语法规范，因为一般情况下，名词不能受________词的修饰。 24.“咱们出去走走。”这句话中的动词，“走”的重叠表示__________。 25.“一天他在上山的路上，突然有一个打扮成樵夫模样的人迎面向他走来。这句话的错误属于__________。 26.“他不但没有露出嫌少的意思，反而说了些倾情的话。”这个句子属于是_______关系的复句。 27.助词附着在词或短语后边表示某种__________。 28.声音的协调（锤炼）：要求：音节整齐匀称，_________，韵脚和谐，叠韵自然，双声叠韵配合。 29.“它每年的发电量，除了供杭州使用外，还向上海、南京等地输送。“这句话的错误属于__________。 30.大多数“把”字句中“把”引出的是_________。

2010年辽宁专升本考试真题-英语-推荐下载

一、选择1 I’ll write down your name and address lest you ___ as a witness.A. are neededB. will be neededC. needD. be needed2I want ___ by the president, but it was impossible.A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeingD. being to see3___ you’ve found, you must give it back to the librarian.A. ThatB. BecauseC. WhateverD. However4 ___ he realized it was time to go back home.A. No sooner it grew dark whenB. Hardly it grew dark thanC. Scarcely it grew dark thanD. It was not until dark that5To ___ wages and salaries means to increase purchasing power.A. raiseB. riseC. lifeD. improve6I’ll be going to the park on foot while my car ___.A. is repairingB. is being repairedC. will be repairedD. is to repaired7She was given ___ pay for her hard work.A. additionalB. addingC. activeD. financial8We are celebrating for having found the solution ___ the problem.A. forB. aboutC. as forD. to9You ___ caught by the rain just now for you are all wet.A. can’t beB. must beingC. must have beenD. can’t have10 ___ is easier than to do.A. To sayB. SayingC. To be sayingD. Being said二、阅读（一）The picnics, speeches and parades of today’s Labor Day were all part of the first celebration held in New York City in 1882. Its promoter was an Irish-American labor leader named Peter J. McGuire. A carpenter by trade. McGuire had worked since the age of 11, and in 1882 was president of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Join (UBCJ).Approaching the City’s Central Labor Union that summer, he proposed a holiday that would applaud(赞许)“the industrial spirit-the great vital force of every nation“. On September 5 hi suggestion bore fruit as estimated 10.00 workers, many of them ignoring their bosses warnings, left work to march from Union square up Fifth Avenue to 42nd Street .The event gained national attention and by ’93 thirty states had made Labor Day an annual holiday.The quick adoption of the scheme may have indicated less about the state lawmakers’ respect for working people than about a fear of risking their anger. In the 1880s the United States was a land sharply divided between the immensely weans and the very poor. Henry George was accurate in describing the era as one of “progress and poverty”. In a society in which factory owners ride in private Pullmans while ten-year-olds slaved in the mines strong capitalists feeling ran high. Demands for fundamental change were common throughout the labor press. With socialists demanding an end to “wage slavery”and anarchists(无政府主义) singing the praises of the virtues of dynamite (炸药)middle-of-the-roaders like Samuel Gompers and McGuire seemed attractively mild by comparison. One can imagine practical seeing Labor Day as a bargain: A one-day party certainly cost them less than paying their workers decent wages.11 Judging from the passage, McGuire was___A. a moderate labor leaderB. an extreme-anarchist in the labor movementC. a devoted socialist fighting against exploitation of man by manD. a firm anti-capitalist demanding the elimination(解放) of wage slavery12We can see from the first paragraph that the first Labor Day march___.A. immediately won nationwide supportB. involved workers from 30 statesC. was opposed by many factory ownersD. was organized by the UBCJ13Which of the following is the key factor in the immediate approval of Labor Day as a national holiday?A. The lawmakers respect for the workers.B. The workers’ determination to have a holiday of their own.C. The socialists demands for thorough reform.D. The politicians’ fear of the workers’ anger.14We learn from the passage that the establishment of Labor Day___A. was accepted by most bosses as a compromiseB. marked a turning point in the workers struggle for most rightsC. indicated the improvement of the workers welfareD. signaled the end of “wage slavery”15McGuire proposed Labor Day in order to ___.A. draw people’s attention to the striking contrast between the rich and the poorB. make prominent the important role of the working class in societyC. win for the workers the right to shorten working hoursD. expose the exploitation of the workers by their bosses二、阅读（二）New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It’s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern business people who have a growing respect for the economy value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts.Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another “out of sight and out of mind”. He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany anEmployee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent(普遍的).Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for peoplewho can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal.The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.16What is the author’s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?A. CriticalB. PrejudicedC. IndifferentD. Positive17With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment business people___.A. have to get familiar with modem technologyB. are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operationsC. are attaching more importance to their overseas businessD. are eager to work overseas18In this passage “out of sight and out of mind”(Line 2. Para.3) probably means ___.A. being unable to think properly for lack of insightB. being totally out of touch with business at homeC. missing opportunities for promotion when abroadD. leaving all care and worry behind19According to the passage an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today is ___.A. connections with businesses overseasB. ability to speak the client’s languageC. technical know-howD. business experience20The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can ___.A. better control the whole negotiation processB. easily find new approaches to meet market needsC. fast-forward their proposals to headquartersD. easily make friends with business people abroad二、阅读（三）Stress may be defined as the response of the body demand. Whenever people experience something pleasant or unpleasant we say they are under stress. We call the pleasant kind “estruses (愉快的压力)” and the unpleasant kind distress.People sometimes compare our lives with that of the cavemen(穴居人), who didn’t have to worry about the stock market or the atomic bomb. They forget that the cavemen worried about being eaten by a bear or about dying of hunger –things that few people worry about today. It’s not that people suffer more stress today, it’s just that they think they do.It is unbelievable that anyone should have no stress at all. Most people who are ambitious(有雄心的)and want to accomplish something, live on stress. They need it. But excessive stress is by allmeans harmful. Worse, chronic(长期的) exposure to stress over long time may cause more serious diseases and may actually shorten one’s life.The most frequent causes of distress in man are psychological – lack of adaptability(适应的), not having a code of behavior. So the secret of coping with stress is not to avoid it but to do what you like to do and what you were made to do at your own rate. For most people, it is really a matter of learning how to behave in various situations. The most important thing is to have a code of life to know how to live.21The modern man is suffering from___.A. the same stress as the cavemenB. less stress than the cavemenC. different stress from the cavemenD. more stress than the cavemen22 Which of the following statements is an example of estruses?A. A man who has just lost his jobB. Learning how to do somethingC. Being lack of adaptability and code of lifeD. An Olympic winner at the moment of his glory23Stress is ___.A. always harmfulB. a normal state for everyoneC. an example of human experienceD. a disease in one’s life24The best way to deal with stress is to ___.A. do things at one’s own rateB. try to lengthen our lifeC. become ambitious in businessD. get more estruses and meet less distress25The main idea at the passage is that one should.A. overcome the serious diseasesB. have the response to am demandC. cope with stress with a humorous senseD. earn how to live to the best way三、英译汉26When personal and family goals conflict , many people who express strong support for family values do not live up to those values.A. 当个人的和家庭的目标矛盾时，那些信誓旦旦表自己家庭观念强烈的人会将家庭观念置于脑后B. 当个人的奋斗目标与家庭的奋斗目标发生冲突时，自多信誓旦旦表自己家庭观念强烈的人会将家庭观念置于脑后C. 当个人的奋斗目标与家庭的奋斗目标发生冲突时，许多信誓旦旦表自己家庭观念强烈的人却不愿意为家庭观念而活。

2010年外语考研真题及答案解析

2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of English丁晓钟：2010年考研英语一真题参考答案Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)In 1924 American’ National Research Council sent to engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large telephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-floorlignting__1__workers productivity. Instead, the studies ended __2___giving their name to the “Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that thevery___3____to being experimented upon changed subjects’ behavior.The idea arose because of the __4____behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant. According to __5____of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not __6____what was done in the experiment; ___7_someting was changed ,productivity rose. A(n)___8___that they were being experimented upon seemed to be ____9___to alter workers’ behavior ____10____itself.After several decades, the same data were _11__ to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store _12 __the descriptions on record, no systematic _13__ was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting. It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to__ 14__ interpretation of what happed.__ 15___ , lighting was always changed on a Sunday .When work started again on Monday, output __16___ rose compared with the previous Saturday and__ 17 __to rise for the next couple of days.__ 18__ , a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers__ 19__ to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case , before __20 __a plateau and then slackening off. This suggests that the alleged” Hawthorne effect “ is hard to pin down.1. [A] affected [B] achieved [C] extracted [D] restored2. [A] at [B]up[C] with [D] off3. [A]truth [B]sight [C] act [D] proof4. [A] controversial [B] perplexing [C]mischievous [D] ambiguous5. [A]requirements [B]explanations [C] accounts [D] assessments6. [A] conclude [B] matter[C] indicate [D] work7. [A] as far as [B] for fear that [C] in case that [D] so long as8. [A] awareness[B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion9. [A] suitable[B] excessive [C] enough [D] abundant10. [A] about [B] for[C] on [D] by11. [A] compared [B]shown [C] subjected [D] conveyed12. [A] contrary to [B] consistent with [C] parallel with [D] pealliar to13. [A] evidence [B]guidance [C]implication [D]source14. [A] disputable [B]enlightening [C]reliable [D]misleading15. [A] In contrast [B] For example [C] In consequence [D] As usual16. [A] duly [B]accidentally [C] unpredictably [D] suddenly17. [A]failed [B]ceased [C]started [D]continued18. [A]Therefore [B]Furthermore [C]However [D]Meanwhile19. [A]Attempted [B]tended [C]chose [D]intenced20. [A]breaking [B]climbing [C]surpassing [D]hitingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage. Not only have many newspapers done away with their book-review sections, but several major papers, including the Chicago Sun-Times and the Minneapolis Star-Tribune, no longer employ full-time classical-music critics. Even those papers that continue to reviewfine-arts events are devoting less space to them, while the “think pieces” on cultural subjects that once graced the pages of big-city Sunday papers are becoming a thing of the past.It is, I suspect, difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century, including Virgil Thomson’s The Musical Scene (1945), Edwin Denby’s Looking at the Dance (1949), Kenneth Tynan’s Curtains (1961), and Hilton Kramer’s The Age of the Avant-Garde (1973) consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their erudite contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.We are even farther removed from the discursive newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered.1 Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviewers who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men (for they were all men) believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. “So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote, “that I am tempted to define‘journalism’ as ‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are.’”Why, then, are virtually all of these critics forgotten? Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England’s foremost classica l-music critics, a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored. Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists. How is it possible that so celebrated a critic should have slipped into near-total obscurity?21. It is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 thatA arts criticism has disappeared from big-city newspapers.B English-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews.C high-quality newspapers retain a large body of readers.D young readers doubt the suitability of criticism on dailies.22. Newspaper reviews in England before World War 2 were characterized byA free themes.B casual style.C elaborate layout.D radical viewpoints.23. Which of the following would shaw and Newman most probably agree on?A It is writers' duty to fulfill journalistic goals.B It is contemptible for writers to be journalists.C Writers are likely to be tempted into journalism.D Not all writers are capable of journalistic writing.24. What can be learned about Cardus according to the last two paragraphs?A His music criticism may not appeal to readers today.B His reputation as a music critic has long been in dispute.C His style caters largely to modern specialists.D His writings fail to follow the amateur tradition.25. What would be the best title for the text?A Newspapers of the Good Old DaysB The Lost Horizon in NewspapersC Mournful Decline of JournalismD Prominent ritics in MemoryC Text 2Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. received one for its “one-click” online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.Now the nation’s top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski , as the case is known , is “a very big deal”, says Dennis’D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.”Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face, because it was the federal circuit itself that introduced such patents with is 1998 decision in the so-called state Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive pinhts to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivalsthat might beat them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice.The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court’s judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should” reconsider” its state street Bank ruling.The Federal Circuit’s action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Count that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for “inventions” that are obvious. The judges on the Federal circuit are “reacting to the anti_ patent trend at the supreme court”,says Harole C.wegner, a partend attorney and professor at aeorge Washington University Law School.26. Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of[A] their limited value to business[B] their connection with asset allocation[C] the possible restriction on their granting[D] the controversy over authorization27. Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?[A] Its ruling complies with the court decisions[B] It involves a very big business transaction[C] It has been dismissed by the Federal Circuit[D] It may change the legal practices in the U.S.28. The word “about-face” (Line 1, Paro 3) most probably means[A] loss of good will[B] increase of hostility[C] change of attitude[D] enhancement of dignity29. We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents[A] are immune to legal challenges[B] are often unnecessarily issued[C] lower the esteem for patent holders[D] increase the incidence of risks30. Which of the following would be the subject of the text?[A] A looming threat to business-method patents[B] Protection for business-method patent holders[C] A legal case regarding business-method patents[D] A prevailing trend against business-method patentsText 3In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Aladuell argues that social epidemics are driven in large part by the acting of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, orwell-connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn’t expl ain how ideas actually spread.The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible sounding but largely untested theory called the “two step flow of communication”: Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certainlooks, brands, or neighborhoods. In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trendsIn their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, they don’t se em to be required of all.The researchers’ argument stems from a simple observing about social influence, with the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey-whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence-even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who, according to thetwo-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected, must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example from the initial influential prove resistant, for example the cascade of change won’t propagate very far or affect many people.Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied the dynamics of populations manipulating a number of variables relating of populations, manipulating a number of variables relating to people’s ability t o influence others and their tendency to be influenced. Our work shows that the principal requirement for what we call “global cascades”- the widespread propagation of influence through networks - is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people, each of whom adopts, say, a look or a brand after being exposed to a single adopting neighbor. Regardless of how influential an individual is locally, he or she can exert global influence only if this critical mass is available to propagate a chain reaction.31.By citing the book The Tipping Point, the author intends to[A]analyze the consequences of social epidemics[B]discuss influentials’ function in spreading ideas[C]exemplify people’s intuitive response to s ocial epidemics[D]describe the essential characteristics of influentials.32.The author suggests that the “two-step-flow theory”[A]serves as a solution to marketing problems[B]has helped explain certain prevalent trends[C]has won support from influentials[D]requires solid evidence for its validity33.what the researchers have observed recently shows that[A] the power of influence goes with social interactions[B] interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media[C] influentials have more channels to reach the public[D] most celebrities enjoy wide media attention34.The underlined phrase “these people” in paragraph 4 refers to the ones who[A] stay outside the network of social influence[B] have little contact with the source of influence[C] are influenced and then influence others[D] are influenced by the initial influential35.what is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?[A]The eagerness to be accepted[B]The impulse to influence others[C]The readiness to be influenced[D]The inclination to rely on othersText 4Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public. Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters. Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to r eport enormous losses, and it’s just not fair. These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch.Unfortunately, banks’ lobbying now seems to be working. The det ails may be unknowable, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.After a bruising encounter with Congress, America’s Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) rushed through rule changes. These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognizing losses on long-term ass ets in their income statement. Bob Herz, the FASB’s chairman, cried out against those who “question our motives.” Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobby group politely calls “the use of judgment by management.”European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise. The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes it reconstruction of rules later this year is strong. Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did “not live in a political vacuum” but “in the real word” and that Europe could yet develop different rules.It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets. Today they argue that market prices overstate losses, because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets, not the likely extent of bad debts. The truth will not be known for years. But bank’s shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are skeptical. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.To get the system working again, losses must be recognized and dealt with. America’s new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent andeven combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hostility form special interests. But by giving in to critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.36. Bankers complained that they were forced to[A] follow unfavorable asset evaluation rules[B]collect payments from third parties[C]cooperate with the price managers[D]reevaluate some of their assets.37.According to the author , the rule changes of the FASB may result in[A]the diminishing role of management[B]the revival of the banking system[C]the banks’ long-term asset losses[D]the weakening of its independence38.According to Paragraph 4, McCreevy objects to the IASB’s attempt to[A]keep away from political influences.[B]evade the pressure from their peers.[C]act on their own in rule-setting.[D]take gradual measures in reform.39.The author thinks the banks were “on the wrong planet ”in that they[A]misinterpreted market price indicators[B]exaggerated the real value of their assets[C]neglected the likely existence of bad debts.[D]denied booking losses in their sale of assets.40.The author’s attitude towards standard-setters is one of[A]satisfaction.[B]skepticism.[C]objectiveness[D]sympathyPart BDirections:For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable paragraphs from the list A-G and fill them into the numbered boxes to form a coherent text. Paragraph E has been correctly placed. There is one paragraph which dose not fit in with the text. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)[A] The first and more important is the consumer’s growing preference for eating out; the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005. This development is boosting wholesale demand from the food service segment by 4 to 5 percent a year across Europe, compared with growth in retail demand of 1 to 2 percent. Meanwhile, as the recession is looming large, people are getting anxious. They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.[B] Retail sales of food and drink in Europe’s largest markets are at a standstill, leaving European grocery retailers hungry for opportunities to grow. Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce, with limited success, and expansion abroad. But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.[C] Will such variations bring about a change in the overall structure of the food and drink market? Definitely not. The functioning of the market is based on flexible trends dominated by potential buyers. In other words, it is up to the buyer, rather than the seller, to decide what to buy .At any rate, this change willultimately be acclaimed by an ever-growing number of both domestic and international consumers, regardless of how long the current consumer pattern will take hold.[D] All in all, this clearly seems to be a market in which big retailers could profitably apply their scale, existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence. Retailers that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe may well expect to rake in substantial profits thereby. At least, that is how it looks as a whole. Closer inspection reveals important differences among the biggest national markets, especially in their customer segments and wholesale structures, as well as the competitive dynamics of individual food and drink categories. Big retailers must understand these differences before they can identify the segments of European wholesaling in which their particular abilities might unseat smaller but entrenched competitors. New skills and unfamiliar business models are needed too.[E] Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined-France, Germany, Italy, and Spain-are made out of the same building blocks. Demand comes mainly from two sources: independent mom-and-pop grocery stores which, unlike large retail chains, are two small to buy straight from producers, and food service operators that cater to consumers when they don’t eat at home. Such food service operators range from snack machines to large institutional catering ventures, but most of these businesses are known in the trade as “horeca”: hotels, restaurants, and cafes. Overall, Europe’s wholesale market for food and drink is growing at the same sluggish pace as the retail market, but the figures, when added together, mask two opposing trends.[F] For example, wholesale food and drink sales come to ＄268 billion in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom in 2000-more than 40 percent of retail sales. Moreover, average overall margins are higher in wholesale than in retail; wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing quickly as more Europeans eat out more often; and changes in the competitive dynamics of this fragmented industry are at last making it feasible for wholesalers to consolidate.[G] However, none of these requirements should deter large retailers (and even some large good producers and existing wholesalers) from trying their hand, for those that master the intricacies of wholesaling in Europe stand to reap considerable gains.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written carefully on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to continuance.When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it .We invert excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing.(46) Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them, the evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.It is painful to read these round about accounts today. We have no land ethic yet,(47) but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds .(48) Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless” species.Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as imeber crops (49) In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, thenon-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason.To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. (50) It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. Without the uneconomic pats.Section Ⅲ WritingPart A51. Directions:You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization, you should conclude the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “postgraduate association” instead.Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)Section I Use of English1.A解析：A项 affect 意思是"影响，感动"； B项 achieve意思是"达成，完成"； C项extract意思是"提取，榨出"；D项restore是"恢复，重建". 这句话的意思是：他们想通过实验探究车间照明是如何影响工人的生产率的，所以答案是A。

2010翻译

2010年上外高翻会议口译系笔试试题2010年上外高翻会议口译系笔试试题：汉译英海地大地震发生已经半个月，大规模的搜救工作告一段落。

海地地震救灾和灾后重建国际会议的召开，下一步国际社会工作重点将转向灾后重建。

与其它国家和地区遭受的自然灾害相比，海地大地震具有两个方面的特殊性：一是地震破坏性大、受灾面广。

大地震不仅造成20余万人死亡，受灾民众达到全国三分之一，而且整个国家几乎处于瘫痪状态；二是海地自身基础薄、承受力弱。

海地是西半球最贫穷国家之一，长期以来依靠国际援助为生，国内稳定长期依靠联合国维持。

因此灾后重建艰巨，面临三方面难题。

此次海地地震为7级，截至1月25日已造成20余万人死亡，是中国汶川地震死亡人数的两倍多，每百人就有三人死亡，这还不包括目前无法统计的大量受伤者。

海地独立二百多年来，经历了32次政变。

1990年海地产生了首届民选政府，但并没有结束国内政治社会动荡局面，2004年再度发生军事政变。

由于海地政府十分脆弱，国内冲突不断，不得不从1993年开始就依靠联合国部队来维持稳定。

此次地震导致海地政府一度陷入瘫痪，出现权力真空，社会秩序混乱。

海地总统被迫邀请美国派军帮助维持社会治安。

因此，震后需重建的不仅是经济体系，还有整个政治架构和社会秩序。

再造一个新海地需要大量资金，资金从哪里来？海地是西半球最贫穷的国家之一，75％的人生活在赤贫状态下，失业率高达7成半，成人文盲率达47％。

因此，灾后重建最突出的就是资金问题。

多米尼加共和国总统费尔南德斯在为海地救援和重建的多国峰会上表示，海地重建每年需要20亿美元，最少要5年才能完成，意味着需要的资金将高达100亿美元。

而目前为止，国际社会承诺的援助资金不到5亿美元。

灾后重建一个无法回避的话题就是谁来主导？按常理来说，海地灾后重建自然由海地政府来主导，但海地长期处于赤贫状态，政治上动荡不定，国家几乎陷入全面瘫痪，海地政府有心无力。

海地长期被美国看作是自家的后院，在地震发生后，奥巴马不仅在第一时间承诺将捐助1亿美元，还派出两位前总统克林顿和布什前往海地了解情况。

2010年英语专四真题及详解答案解答

2010年英语专四真题及详解答案解答2010年专四试题TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2010 -GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A CONVERSATIONSQuestions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. The following details have been checked during the conversation EXCEPTA. number of travelers.B. number of tour days.C. flight details.D. room services.2. What is included in the price?A. Air tickets and local transport.B. Local transport and meals.C. Air tickets, local transport and breakfast.D. Air tickets, local transport and all meals.3. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. The traveler is reluctant to buy travel insurance.B. The traveler is ready to buy travel insurance.C. The traveler doesn't have to buy travel insurance.D. Travel insurance is not mentioned in the conversation.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of'the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. Which of the following details is CORRECT?A. Mark knows the exact number of airport buses.B. Mark knows the exact number of delegates' spouse.C. Mark doesn't know the exact number of delegates yet.D. Mark doesn't know the number of guest speakers.5. What does Linda want to know?A. The arrival time of guest speakers.B. The departure time of guest speakers.C. The type of transport for guest speakers.D. The number of guest speakers.6. How many performances have been planned tbr the conference?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Not mentioned.7. Who will pay for the piano performance?A. Pan-Pacific T ours.B. Johnson & Sons Events.C. Conference delegates.D. An airline company.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of'the conversation,you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. What is NOT missing in Mary's briefcase?A. Her cheque book.B. Her papers for work.C. Her laptop.D. Her appointment book.9. Where was Mary the whole morning?A. At the police station.B. At a meeting.C. In her client's office.D. In the restaurant.10. Why was Mary sure that the briefcase was hers in the end?A. The papers inside had the company's name.B. The briefcase was found in the restaurant.C. The restaurant manager telephoned James.D. The cheque book inside bore her name.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, yott will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. We learn from the passage that about two-thirds of the courses are taught throughA. the School of Design and Visual Arts.B. the School of Social Work.C. the School of Business.D. the Arts and Sciences program.12.What is the cost of undergraduate tuition?A. Twenty thousand dollars.B. Thirty thousand dollars.C. Twenty-seven thousand dollars.D. Thirty-eight thousand dollars.13.International students can receive all the following types of financial assistance EXCEPTA. federal loans.B. private loans.C. scholarships.D. monthly payment plans.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be gven 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, mothers in ____ spend more time looking after children.A. FranceB. AmericaC. DenmarkD. Australia15. Which of the following activities would Australian fathers traditionally participate in?A. Feeding and playing with children.B. Feeding and bathing children.C. Taking children to the park and to school.D. Taking children to watch sports events.16. According to the study, the "new man" likes toA. spend more time at work.B. spend more time with children.C. spend time drinking after work.D. spend time on his computer.17.It is suggested in the passage that the "new man" might be less acceptable inA. France.B. Britain.C. Australia.D. Denmark.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18.The services of the new partnership are provided mainly toA. mothers of infected babies.B. infected children and women.C. infected children in cities.D. infected women in cities.19.Which of the following details about Family Health International is INCORRECT?A. It is a nonprofit organization.B. It provides public health services.C. It carries out research on public health.D. It has worked in five countries till now.20.The example of Cambodia mainly showsA. the importance of government support.B. the importance of public education efforts.C. the progress the country has made so far.D. the methods used to fight AIDS.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen tothem carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. According to the news, the victim wasA. a 17-year-old girl.B. a 15-year-old boy.C. a 23-year-old woman.D. an l 8-year-old man.22.We learn from the news that the suspects were arrestedA. one month later.B. two months later.C. immediately.D. two weeks later.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23.The Iraqi par liament can vote on the security agreement only afterA. all parties have agreed on it.B. the US troops have pulled out.C. the cabinet has reviewed it.D. the lawmakers have returned from Mecca.24.According to the news, the US troops are expected to completely pull out byA. mid-2009.B. the end of 2009.C. mid-2011.D. the end of 2011.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At theend of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25.The following are involved in the operations to rescue the children in Honduras EXCEPTA. the police.B. the district attorney.C. the prison authorities.D. Institute of Childhood and Family.26. What punishment would parents face if they allowed their children to beg?A. To be imprisoned and fined.B. To have their children taken away.C. To be handed over to the authorities.D. None.Question 27 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item. you will be given 5seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.27.What is the news item about?A. Coastlines in Italy.B. Public use of the beach.C. Swimming and bathing.D. Private bathing clubs.Question 28 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.28.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the news?A. The airport was shut down for Friday.B. There was a road accident involving two buses.C. Local shops were closed earlier than usual.D. Bus service was stopped for Friday.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29.How many people were rescued from the apartment building?A. 17.B. 24.C. 21.D. 41.30.Which of the following details in the news is CORRECT?A. The rescue operation involved many people.B. The cause of the explosions has been determined.C. Rescue efforts were stopped on Thursday.D. The explosions didn't destroy the building.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage it" inserted in thecorresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.How men first learned to i nvent words is unknown; (31)____, the origin of language isa mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain(32)____ to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things,(33)____ they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed (34)____ certain signs, called letters, which could be (35)____ to represent those sounds, and which could be (36)_____. Those sounds, whether spoken, (37)_____ written in letters, we call words.The power of words, then, lies in their (38)____ the things theybring up before our minds. Words become (39)____ with meaning for us by experience; (40)._____ the longer we live, the more certain words (41)_____ to us the happy and sad events of our past: and the more we (42)____, the more the number of words that mean something to us (43)____ Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal (44)____ to our minds and emotions. This (45)._____ and telling use of words is what we call (46)____ style. Above all, the real poet is a master of (47)____. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which (48)_____ their position and association can (49)____ men to tears. We should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will (50)____ our speech or writing silly and vulgar.(31) A. in addition B. in other words C. in a word D. in summary(32) A. sounds B. gestures C. signs D. movements(33) A. such that B. as that C. so that D. in that(34) A. in B. with C. of D. upon(35) A. spelt B. combined C. written D copied(36) A. written down B. handed down C. remembered D. observed(37) A. and B. yet C. also D. or(38) A. functions B. associations C. roles D. links(39) A. filled B. full C. live D. active(40) A. but B. or C. yet D. and(41 ) A. reappear B. recall C. remember D. recollect(42) A. read and think B. read and recall C. read and learn D. read and recite(43) A. raises B. increases C. improves D. emerges(44) A. intensively B. extensively C. broadly D. powerfully(45) A. charming B. academic C. conventional D. common(46) A. written B. spoken C. literary D. dramatic(47) A. signs B. words C. style D. sound(48) A. in B. on C. over&n bsp; D. by(49) A. move B. engage C. make D. force(50) A. transform B. change C. make D. convertPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?A. Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends?B. I wish I could write as well as you.C. For all his efforts, he didn't get an A.D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She ____ by bus.A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone53. He feels that he is not yet ____ to travel abroad.A. too strongB. enough strongC. so strongD. strong enough54. After____ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager's office.A. thatB. itC. whatD. there55. Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that56. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. They each have two tickets.B. They cost twenty yuan each.C. Each they have bought the same book.D. They were given two magazines each.57. She seldom goes to the theatre, _____?A. doesn't sheB. does sheC. would sheD. wouldn't she58. Dr Johnson is head of the department, ____ an expert in translation.A. orB. eitherC. butD. and59. When one has good health, _____ should feel fortunate.A. youB. theyC. heD. we60. It is necessary that he ____ the assignment without delay.A. hand inB. hands inC. must hand inD. has to hand in61. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase is)____.A. the objectB. an adverbialC. a complementD. the subject62. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures are very interesting.B. Half their savings were gone.C. Many his friends came to the party.D. Both his sisters are nurses.63. Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A. The directors appointed John manager.B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.C. You have done Peter a favour.D. She is teaching children English.64. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete "We've seen the film ____"?A. beforeB. recentlyC. latelyD. yet65. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.A. To be not tallB. Not being tallC. Being not tallD. Not to be tall66. Due to personality _____, the two colleagues never got on well in work.A. contradictionB. conflictC. confrontationD. competition67. During the summer vacation, kids are often seen hanging _____ in the streets.A. aboutB. onC. overD. out68. There were 150 ____ at the international conference this summer.A. spectatorsB. viewersC. participantsD. onlookers69. School started on a ____ cold day in February.A. severeB. bitterC. suchD. frozen70. In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick, ____ action.A. determiningB. defensiveC. demandingD. decisive71. The team has been working overtime on the research project ____.A. latelyB.just nowC. lateD. long ago72. Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remainedA. motionlessB. inactiveC. stagnantD. immobile73. The police had difficulty in ____ the fans fi'om rushing on to the stage to take photos with the singer.A. limitingB. restrainingC. confiningD. restricting74. Joan is in the dorm, putting the final ____ to her speech.A. detailsB. remarksC. commentsD. touches75. His_____ in gambling has eventually brought about his ruin.A. indulgenceB. habitC. actionD. engagement76. The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did _____.A. absolutelyB. accidentallyC. accordinglyD. accurately77. You can actually see the deer at close range while driving through that area. The italicizedphrase means _____.A. clearlyB. very nearC. quicklyD. very hard78. He listened hard but still couldn't what they were talking about.A. make overB. make upC. make uponD. make out79. For the advertised position, the company offers a(n) salary and benefits package.A. generousB. plentifulC. abundantD. sufficient80. As there was no road, the travelers ____ up a rocky slope on their way back.A. ranB. hurriedC. scrambledD. crawledPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.TEXT AWhat is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science? We all know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first of these is the application of the machines, products and systems of applied knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. Through technology, science improves the structure of society and helps man to gain increasing control over his environment.The second aspect is the application by all members of society of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity makes him look for underlying relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and applies logical thought to the observations he makes. He utilizes the facts he observes to the fullest extent. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum.He is skeptical - he does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available - and therefore rejects authority as the sole basis for truth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively to verify them.Furthermore, he is not only critical of the work of others, but also of his own, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to make hypotheses of how processes work and how events takeplace.These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.81. Many people believe that science helps society to progress throughA. applied knowledge.B. more than one aspect.C. technology only.D. the use of machines.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT aboutcuriosity?A. It gives the scientist confidence and pleasure in work.B. It gives rise to interest in problems that are unexplained.C. It leads to efforts to investigate potential connections.D. It encourages the scientist to look for new ways of acting.83. According to the passage, a successful scientist would notA. easily believe in unchecked statements.B. easily criticize others' research work.C. always use his imagination in work.D. always use evidence from observation.84. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Application of technology.B. Progress in modem society.C. Scientists' ways of thinking and acting.D. How to become a successful scientist.85. What is the author's attitude towards the topic?A. Critical.B. Objective.C. Biased.D. Unclear.TEXT BOver the past several decades, the U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These include UFOs as well as sightings and encounters with "nonhuman creatures" such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countriessuch as Peru.The Nazca "lines" of Peru were discovered in the 1930s. These lines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet - meaning from an aircraft. Yet there were no aircraft in 300 B.C., when it is judged the designs were made. Nor were there then, or are there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So how and why did the native people of Nazca create these marvelous designs? One answer appeared in 1969, when the German researcher and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extraterrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientific community did not take long to scoffat and abandon von Daniken's theory. Over the years several other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the scientific community.Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet. Currently there are over 60 sites dedicated to this mystery from Latin America's past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perhaps it is a step in the right direction.86. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Latin America has long received attention for unusual phenomena.B. Public attention is now directed towards countries likePeru.C. Public interest usually focuses on North America and Europe.D. Some ancient civilizations have unsolved mysteries.87. According to the passage, the Nazca lines were foundA. in mountains.B. in stones.C. on animals.D. on a plain.88. We can infer from the passage that the higher the lines are seen, the ____ the images they present.A. smallerB. largerC. clearerD. brighter89. There has been increasing interest in the Nazca lines mainly because ofA. the participation of scientists.B. the emergence of the lnternet.C. the birth of new theories.D. the interest in the Internet.90. The author is ____ about the role of the lnternet in solving mysteries.A. cautiousB. pessimisticC. uncertainD. optimisticTEXT CGraduation speeches are a bit like wedding toasts. A few are memorable. The rest tend to trigger such thoughts as, "Why didI wear such uncomfortable shoes?"But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger. Every year a few colleges and universities in the US attract attention because they've managed to book high-profile speakers. And, every year, the media report some of these speakers' wise remarks.Last month, the following words of wisdom were spread:"You really haven't completed the circle of success unless you can help somebody else move forward." (Oprah Winfrey, Duke University)."There is no way to stop change; change will come. Go out and give us a future worthy of the world we all wish to create together." (Hillary Clinton, New York University)."'This really is your moment. History is yours to bend." (Joe Biden, Wake Forest University).Of course, the real "get" of the graduation season was first lady Michelle Obama's appearance at the University of California, Merced. "Remember that you are blessed," she told the class of 2009, "Remember that in exchange for those blessings, you must give something back... As advocate and activist Marian Wright Edelman says, 'Service is the rent we pay for living ... it is the true measure, the only measure of success'."Calls to service have a long, rich tradition in these speeches. However, it is possible for a graduation speech to go beyond cliche and say something truly compelling. The late writer David Foster Wallace's 2005 graduation speech at Kenyon College in Ohio talked about how to truly care about other people. It gained something of a cult after it was widely circulated on the Internet. Apple Computer CEO Steve Jobs' address at Stanford University that year, in which he talked about death, is also considered oneof the best in recent memory.But when you're sitting in the hot sun, fidgety and freaked out, do you really want to be lectured aboutthe big stuff?. Isn't that like trying to maintain a smile at your wedding reception while some relative gives a toast that amounts to "marriage is hard work"? You know he's right; you just don't want to think about it at that particular moment. In fact, as is the case in many major life moments, you can't really manage to think beyond the blisters your new shoes are causing.That may seem anticlimactic. But it also gets to the heart of one of life's greatest, saddest truths: that our most "memorable" occasions may elicit the fewest memories. It's probably not something most graduation speakers would say, but it's one of the first lessons of growing up.91. According to the passage, most graduation speeches tend to recall ____ memories.A. greatB. trivialC. unforgettableD. unimaginative92. "But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger" is explainedA. in the final paragraph.B. in the last but one paragraph.C. in the first paragraph.D. in the same paragraph.93. The graduation speeches mentioned in the passage are related to the following themes EXCEPTA. death.B. success.C. service.D. generosity.94. It is implied in the passage that at great moments people fail toA. remain clear-headed.B. keep good manners.C. remember others' words.D. recollect specific details.95. What is "one of the first lessons of growing up"?A. Attending a graduation ceremony.B. Listening to graduation speeches.C. Forgetting details of memorable events.D. Meeting high-profile graduation speakers.TEXT DCultural rules determine every aspect of food consumption. Who eats together defines social units. For example, in some societies, the nuclear family is the unit that regularly eats together. The anthropologist Mary Douglas has pointed out that, for the English, the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together. She distinguishes between regular meals, Sunday meals when relatives may come, and cocktail parties for acquaintances. The food served symbolizes the occasion and reflects who is present. For example, only snacks are served at a cocktail party. It would be inappropriate to serve a steak or hamburgers. The distinctions among cocktails, regular meals, and special dinners mark the social boundaries between those guests who are invited for drinks, those who are invited to dinner, and those who come to a family meal. In this example, the type of food symbolizes the category of guest and with whom it is eaten.。

大连外国语英语语言文学

大连外国语大学英语语言文学专业是一个注重英语语言技能和
文学素养培养的专业。

该专业主要课程包括：英语精读、英语听力、英语口语、英语写作、英语翻译、英美文学史及选读、英美概况、语言学导论、英语报刊选读等。

此外，该专业还注重实践教学，包括语言实践、文学实践、翻译实践等。

该专业旨在培养具有扎实的英语语言基础和广泛的文学文化知识，具备较强的英语交际能力和较高的文学素养的人才，为进一步深造或从事外事、外贸、文化、教育等领域的工作奠定基础。

大连外国语大学英语语言文学专业具有一定的竞争力，毕业生的就业率较高，毕业生可以从事教育、翻译、新闻出版、文化旅游等领域的工作。

此外，该专业也是考研的热门专业之一，毕业生可以继续攻读硕士学位，提高自己的学术水平和实践能力。

2010年大学英语B翻译题

翻译题31. You can talk to people in towns and villages and learn about life from their perspective.你可以和城镇、村庄中的人谈话，从他们的角度了解生活。

32. In recent years, many couples continue to have a traditional relationship of this kind.近年来，许多夫妇继续保持这种传统的关系。

33. If there are certain things you cannot live without, take them with you.如果有些东西是你不可或缺的，那么就带上。

31. Celebrated worldwide in regions with large populations of ethnic Chinese, Chinese New Year is considered to be the most important holiday for the Chinese.春节在全球华裔人口众多的地区得到庆祝，被认为是华人最重要的节日。

32. In areas where junior middle school education is available to all, all primary school graduates can go on to junior middle school without entrance examinations. 在所有少年儿童都能接受初中教育的地区，小学毕业生免试就读初中。

33. Chinese New Year is celebrated with firecrackers, Chinese dragon dances and lion dances.庆祝春节的活动有放鞭炮、舞龙舞狮。

在线网课学习知道《英汉视译(大连外国语大学)》单元测试考核答案

第一章单元测试1.【多选题】正确答案：ABCD常见的口译形式有（）。

A.同声传译B.交替传译C.联络口译D.视译2.【多选题】正确答案：ABCD视译通常应用于（）场合中。

（）A.商务谈判B.研讨会C.旅游参观D.法庭口译3.【多选题】正确答案：ABCD视译中，译员的精力主要分配在（）几个方面。

A.阅读B.协调C.译语产出D.短时记忆4.【多选题】正确答案：ABCD视译的标准可以归纳为（）。

A.流畅B.准确C.简洁D.易懂5.【多选题】正确答案：ABCD要做好视译，译员需要具备的一些基本素质有（）。

A.出众的记忆力B.扎实的双语功底C.敏捷的思维能力D.广博的知识面第二章单元测试1【单选题】(2分)（）是视译的第一步，也是视译中理解的基础。

A.文稿标识B.速读C.阅读D.细读2【单选题】(2分)（）指的是在写出译文的同时对不认识或不肯定的单词或汉字进行注音。

A.断句标识B.调整标识C.难词标识D.注音标识3【判断题】视译中的微观阅读是对篇章内部各单位如词语、短语、句子、段落的消化理解，是对作者写作意图语交际目的的深入认识。

( )A.错B.对4【判断题】视译中，快速阅读的主要方法有：通过略读迅速获取核心信息；通过寻读获取文章细节；以及通过细读寻找特定信息和词语。

（）A.对B.错5【判断题】中心概念标识是指在碰到长句和复杂的句子时，使用合适的符号将句子的主谓宾等主要成分标识出来，以方便译文的组织。

（）A.对B.错第三章单元测试1.【多选题】正确答案：ABC在视译过程中，以_________为单位进行断句，无法有效实现顺译。

（）A.单词B.意群C.整句D.类意群2.【多选题】正确答案：ABC类意群应具备的特征包括__________。

（）A.在一目可及的范围之内B.相对独立的意义概念C.能够通过连接于灵活地与前后的视译单位结合独立完整的句子3.【多选题】正确答案：BCD以下关于类意群特征的说明，哪些是正确的？（）A.视译单位“类意群”不需要同时具备如上三个特征。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

2010年大连外国语大学英语翻译基础真题答案
Part I Translation of words and phrases
Section A From English to Chinese
(1)abbr.United Nations Development Program 联合国开发计划署
(2)abbr.Theater Missile Defense 战区导弹防御；theater missile defense (system) 战区导弹防御(系统)；telemetered data 遥测数据；Tactical Missile Defense 战略导弹防御
(3)abbr.Office of Technical Cooperation (联合国)技术合作处；Over the Counter (非处方(药)；(不要处方或许可)直接购买)；Over-the-Counter (场外交易)
(4)abbr.International Monetary Fund （联合国）国际货币基金组织[亦作I.M.F.]
(5)abbr.National Aeronautics[ˌeərəˌnɔ:tɪks] and Space Administration 美国国家航空和宇宙航行局
(6)abbr.Global Position System 全球定位系统；Gunner's Primary Sight 炮长主瞄准镜
(7)n.巡航导弹
(8)不可撤销信用证
(9)临界电压，临界压力，临界压强critical: [物]临界的
(10)绝缘板insulate: [ˌinsjuleit]
(11)难民营
(12)知识产权
(13)[法] 公证处notary: n.公证人，公证员
(14)财政赤字，预算赤字
(15)n.(英国)路透社[ˌrɔitəz]
Section B From Chinese to English
(1)Multiple entry visa
(2)Anti missile satellite
(3)international organization for standardization；
国际标准化组织（International Organization for Standardization）简称ISO，是世界上最大的非政府性标准化专门机构，是国际标准化领域中一个十分重要的组织。

ISO的任务是促进全球范围内的标准化及其有关活动，以利于国际间产品与服务的交流，以及在知识、科学、技术和经济活动中发展国际间的相互合作。

它显示了强大的生命力，吸引了越来越多的国家参与其活动。

许多人会注意到，“ISO”与国际标准化组织全称（International Organization for Standardization）的缩写并不相同，为什么不是“ IOS”呢？其实，“ISO”并不是其全称首字母的缩写，而是一个词，它来源于希腊语，意为“相等”，现在有一系列用它作前缀的词，诸如“isometric”（意为“尺寸相等”）“isonomy”（意为“法律平等”）。

从“相等”到“标准”，内涵上的联系使“ISO”成为组织的
名称。

国际标准化组织LOGO
(4)Foreign economy and Trade Committee
(5)abbr.(=Civil Aviation[ˌeivi:ˌeiʃən] n.航空；Administration of China) 中国民航CAAC
(6)ozone layer, ozonosphere
(7)[旅游]platform diving
(8)manned spaceship
(9)The lobby of the airport lobby: n.门厅，大厅；休息室；。