英译汉 汉译英

YouthYouth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life.Youth means a tempera-mental predominance of courage over timidity, of the appetite for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our ideals.Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spring back to dust.Whether 60 or 16, there is in every human being’s heart the lure of wonder, the unfailing chi ldlike appetite of what’s next and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart there is a wireless station: so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, cheer, courage and power from men and from the Infinite, so long as you are young.When the aerials are down, and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism and the ice of pessimism, then you are grown old, even at 20, but as long as your aerials are up, to catch waves of optimism, there is hope you may die young at 80.青春青春不是年华，而是心态；青春不是粉面，红唇，柔膝，而是坚强的意志，恢弘的想象，炙热的恋情；青春是生命深泉的自在涌动。

青春气贯长虹，勇锐盖过懦弱，进取压过苟安。

如此锐气，二十后生而有之，六旬男子则更多见。

年岁有加，并非垂老，理想丢弃，方堕暮年。

岁月悠悠，衰微只及皮肤；热忱抛却，颓废必致灵魂。

忧烦，惶恐，丧失自信，定使灵魂扭曲，意气如灰。

无论年届花甲，抑或二八芳令，心中皆有生命之欢乐，好奇之冲动，孩童般天真久盛不衰。

你我心中都有一台天线，只要你从天上，人间接受美好，希望，欢乐，勇气和力量的信号，你就会青春永驻，风华常存。

一旦天线坠下，锐气便被冰雪覆盖，玩世不恭，自暴自弃油然而生，即使年方二十，实则垂垂老矣；然而只要竖起天线，捕捉乐观信号，即使八十高龄，行将告别尘寰，你也会觉得年轻依旧，希望永存。

【汉译英比赛用中文原文：】老来乐六十整岁望七十岁如攀高山。

不料七十岁居然过了。

又想八十岁是难于上青天，可望不可即了。

岂知八十岁又过了。

老汉今年八十二矣。

这是照传统算法，务虚不务实。

现在不是提倡尊重传统吗?老年多半能悟道。

孔子说“天下有道”。

老子说“道可道”。

《圣经》说“太初有道”。

佛教说“邪魔外道”。

我老了，不免胡思乱想，胡说八道，自觉悟出一条真理: 老年是广阔天地，是可以大有作为的。

七十岁开始可以诸事不做而拿退休金，不愁没有一碗饭吃，自由自在，自得其乐。

要看书可以随便乱翻。

金庸、梁羽生、克里斯蒂、松本清张，从前哪能拜读? 现在可以了。

随看随忘，便扔在一边。

无忧无虑，无人打扰，不必出门而自有天地。

真是无限风光在老年。

偶尔有人来，不论男女老少认识不认识，天南地北，天上地下，天文地理，谈天说地，百无禁忌。

我的话匣子一开，激光磁盘便响个不停，滔滔不绝。

无奈我闲人忙，昕众逐渐稀少，终于门庭冷落，只剩一屋子广阔天地，任我独往独来，随意挥洒。

打开电视，又是一番新气象。

古今中外，赤道南极，变幻莫测。

真能坐地日行八万里。

忽而庄严说教，忽而插科打浑，忽而高歌一曲，忽而舞步翩翩。

帝王将相，牛鬼蛇神，无不具备，应有尽有，场面各有不同。

主持人个个精神焕发。

服装表演件件花样翻新。

足球射门中的。

篮球投篮不空。

马家军飒爽英姿。

大歌星真人假唱。

忽然出现红顶花翎，拖着辫子，仿佛我的一百四十岁的父亲复活。

他不辞辛苦跑到北京来对宣统皇帝磕头。

我却曾在大庭广众中对溥仪先生点头问好。

真是一代不如一代，一代胜过一代。

正在得意之间，不料长袍马褂已变成西装革履。

长发长袜，飘来跳去，三点泳装耀眼生辉。

眼睛耳朵实在招架不住，那就下令暂停，闭目养神去也。

这正是:小屋之中天地阔老年无事是忙人。

【评委的参考译文：】Delights in Growing OldAt the age of sixty I longed for a life span of seventy, a goal as difficult as a summit to be reached. Who would expect that I had reached it? Then I dreamed of living to be eighty, a target in sight but as inaccessible as Heaven. Out of my anticipation, I had hit it. As a matter of fact, I am now an old man of eighty-two. Such longevity is a grant bestowed by Nature; though nominal and not real, yet it conforms to our tradition. Is it not advocated to pay respect to nowadays?An old man is said to understand the Way most probably: the Way of good administration as put forth by Confucius, the Way that can be explained as suggested by Laotzu, the Word (Way) in the very beginning as written in the Bible and the Way of pagans as denounced by the Buddhists. As I am growing old, I can’t help being given to flights of fancy and having my own Way of creating stories. However I have come to realize the truth: my old age serves as a vast world in which I can still have my talents employed fully and developed completely.At the age of seventy I began my retirement, in which I can rely on my old-age pension for a living, free from my burden of the boring routines I used to bear, and lead a life carefree and contended. As for reading I can, now, choose at my own will to thumb through anything to while away the time. I can find time to read anything that I didn’t used to, for instance, such time- killers as those created by Jin Yong, Liang Yusheng, Christie and Seicho Matsummoto. I don’t have to keep them in mind and quit them as I see fit. There being no worry and disturbance, I need not travel far in my own world so vast. True it is that the most spIendid view may be found in old age!Occasionally I had some visitors, male or female, old or young, acquainted and unacquainted. We could chat about everything in the north or in the south, in the space or at the core, related to astronomy or geography, in the Heaven or in the Hell and there were no taboos for us at all. Whenever I broke the ice I began to pour my words, in a flow of eloquence, as continuously as a laser disc. Unfortunately, I was jobless while they were so busy that they almost melted away until few knocks came at the door and the world became vacant again. Now I alone can occupy it and go my own way.When I turn on the TV set, some other new scenes come into my sight, for example, the changeable events in history or in current affaires, on the equator or at the poles. It might be said that while sitting in my room I can cover eighty thousand miles a day since our planet spins. Come upon the screen, now serious preaches, now comic gestures and remarks, now resounding songs, now twists and dances. The cast may be emperors, generals, monsters or demons, of all kinds and of all sorts, but in different situations. Every host beams with vigor and energy, as a model girl shows a brand new costume, as a goal is made in a football game, as each shot scores the basket, as a distance- race runner on the team coached by Mr. Ma makes a good performance or as a famous star comes on the stage in person but his /her song comes from the cassette. Suddenly the picture changes as an official in a red-topped hat and with a pigtail behind the back comes upon the scene, as if my 140-year-old father had come to life again. He made light of a tiring travel from my hometown to the capital in order to kowtow to the emperor Xuantong. In contrast, I did once meet with and greet Mr. Pu Yi, the same person, in public. Really, a new generation may be inferior to the old and in turn an old generation may be outshone by the new. As I am beside myself in high glee, the traditional costume gives way to a western suit. Then the long-haired and the long-stocked shake their legs as if adrift, sandwiched by the radiating bikinied. My eyes and ears can hardly stand those things and I order the set to be turned off for I am going to close my eyes for a rest.So it is well said:The world is vast though in the house very small;The old become jobless, yet now most active of all.( 集体讨论审定，萧立明执笔)【笔者对参考译文的批评】参考译文中存在的错误和问题：一、使用英语时发生的基础英语错误1．Is it not advocated to pay respect to nowadays? （语法错误，respect to 后面缺了句子成分）2．I can find time to read anything that I didn’t used to,（语法错误，didn’t used to，双重过去式）3．the changeable events in history or in current affaires, （词汇错误，affaires 应为affairs）。