第+章+文化形式差异与翻译

Is it possible to translate culture specific terms?
So we are called upon to do a cross-cultural translation whose success will depend on our understanding of the SL and TL cultures we are working with, especially their characteristics.
Is it our task to focus primarily on differences between the source culture or the target culture? The answer is definite.
பைடு நூலகம்
Forms of Culture Differences and Their Translation
EX: (……那捕盗官司的人，那里敢 那捕盗官司的人， 那捕盗官司的人 下乡村来？ 下乡村来？若是那上司官员差 他们缉捕人来，） ，）都吓得屎尿 他们缉捕人来，）都吓得屎尿 齐流,（怎敢正眼儿看他)！ 齐流 （怎敢正眼儿看他 ！ They would piss their water and pass their waste without knowing it. They would be scared to death.
EX: F: Your wife is very beautiful! T: 你太太真漂亮。 你太太真漂亮。 C：哪里，哪里。 ：哪里，哪里。 T：Where, where! ： F: From head to toe. T: 从头到脚。 从头到脚。 C：不见得，不见得。 ：不见得，不见得。 T：Not to be seen, not to be seen. ：
是夜，贾琏和她颠 第64回，“是夜，贾琏和她颠 回 鸾倒凤，百般恩爱， 鸾倒凤，百般恩爱，不消细 说。” The bride was helped into the bridal chamber，where that ， night she and Chia Lien enjoyed the transports of love.
We are not just dealing with words written in a certain time, space and sociopolitical situation; most importantly it is the "cultural" aspect of the text that we should take into account.
As translators we are faced with an alien culture that requires that its message be conveyed in anything but an alien way. That culture expresses its idiosyncrasies in a way that is 'culture-bound': cultural words, proverbs and of course idiomatic expressions, whose origin and use are intrinsically and uniquely bound to the culture concerned.
3 Differences in history culture and translation History culture is the culture that is formed during special process of history development. Each nation has its own history, the history culture formed during the long history river is also quite different.
SL--decode--TL SL--decode--TL
As cultures are increasingly brought into greater contact with one another, multicultural considerations are brought to bear to an ever-increasing degree. Now, how do all these changes influence us when we are trying to comprehend a text before finally translating it?
Forms of Cultural Differences in Translational Communication
Translation, involving the transposition of thoughts expressed in one language by one social group into the appropriate expression of another group, entails a process of cultural decoding, re-coding and en-coding.
Different thinking patterns E-C Translation
英语重形合（ 英语重形合（Hypotaxis） ） 汉语重意合（ 汉语重意合（Parataxis） ） 英语后重心 (End-focus) 汉语前重心 (Beginning-focus) 英语重物称（ 英语重物称（Impersonal） ） 汉语重人称（ 汉语重人称（Personal） ） 英语多被动（ 英语多被动（Passive) 汉语多主动（ 汉语多主动（Active） ）
Chinese value system 1. A culture based on collectivism. 2. A culture that is based on humanism and people 3. Attempts to fuse the human and 'heaven' as one. 4. Pay homage to heaven and earth, as well as bearing a remembrance to the homeland. 5. A culture that expands internally rather than outwards.
2 Differences in values and attitudes and translation
A culture’s value system is another important aspect that affects translation and cross-cultural communication. Cultural values, showed in philosophy and moral sense, are a set of behavior guidelines of making decision and setting conflicts.
Cultural differences have many expressive forms. Any subtle difference can bring out problem to translation. Translators should try to know and recognize as many forms of cultural differences as possible, so that he can deal with problems of translation more flexibly.
For example, “三个臭皮匠， 赛过诸葛亮.” Three cobblers with their wits combined equals Chukeh Liang, the mastermind. （郭建中，2000：156）
Western value system 1. Western culture is based on individualism rather than on collectivism. 2. Western culture is adventurous and exploration based. 3. West uses law to resolve human relationship. 4. West uses 'god' and religion to resolve spiritualism relationship. 5. A culture that expands and develop outwards.
Therefore, when doing translation between two languages, we will meet difficulties in translation arising from differences in history culture. History allusions are the important representative of history culture and the rarity of a nation’s history culture.
When accepting others’ commendation, people in Chinese and western cultures have different responses. One root cause of this difference is that modesty has different status in Chinese and western cultures. Modesty is the traditional virtue of Chinese culture.