《语法》《形容词和副词》

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二、副词
• 副词在句子中主要用作状语,许多副词皆由形容词 加-ly 构成,如:careful-carefully. • 副词主要被分为以下几种: • 1.时间副词,如:often,early,usually, frequently always constantly now • 2.地点副词,如:here,above,outside,below, there • 3.方式副词,如:hard,fast,badly,well • 4.程度副词,如:very,quite,much,still,even, almost • 5.疑问副词,如:how,when,why, where
高考英语《语法》专题 复习系列课件
48《形容词和副词》
• 形容词用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词,表 示人或物的性质、特征和状态。而副词是用 来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子, 有时也能修饰名词,表示时间、地点、方式、 程度等。 • 高考重点要求: • 1、形容词、副词比较级,最高级常用句型 • 2、形容词的倍数表达法和副词的位置 • 3、多个形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序 • 4、分清常用同义、近义形容词、副词在表 达中的语义差别
ly等后缀 形容词
• friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively, ugly,brotherly (有……品质的 ) • : (错) She sang lovely. • (错) He spoke to me very friendly. • (对) Her singing was lovely. • (对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way. • 有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。 • daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early • The Times is a daily paper. • The Times is published daily.
形容词在句子中的作用
• 1大部分形容词能作定语、表语或宾语补足 语, 如: • a beautiful park 一座美丽的公园 • The play Tea-house(茶馆)is both moving and interesting. • Who left the window open? • How long will the weather stay sunny ? • The silk clothes feel soft. • How interesting the story sounds!
形容词后缀
• 分wenku.baidu.com大类。一类是加到名词上的 • ㈠加到名词上的主要有:
• • • • •
• • • •
① -y,:bloody, dirty, healthy, juicy, muddy; ③ -ful:careful, faithful, helpful, peaceful, useful; ④ -less:careless, harmless, noiseless, senseless, useless; ⑤ -ous/-ious:dangerous; courageous, mysterious; ⑥ -al/-tal/-ial/-tial:accidental, horizontal, colonial, influential; ⑦ -ic/-etic/-atic,:artistic, sympathetic, systematic; ⑧ -ish:childish, foolish, selfish; ⑨ -like: life-like, business-like, war-like; ⑩ -ed/-en:skilled, horned, golden, wooden。
5 比较级+and+比较级“越来越……‖ It is getting cooler and cooler in autumn. She is becoming more and more active in taking part in social activities. 6 the +比较级,the +比较级“越……越……‖ The harder he studies , the greater progress he will make .
形容词在句子中的位置 • 形容词一般放在被修饰的名词之前。两个或 两个以上形容词修饰一个名词时,形容词排 列的次序一般应考虑下面二种情况。 • (1)与被修饰名词关系比较密切的形容词 位置靠近名词, 如:an exciting American film • (2)音节少的形容词位置在前,音节多的 形容位置在后。
形容词原级、比较级和最高级的用法
1 两者比较情况一样,常用“as+形容词原级+as‖句 型。 2 He is as tall as his monitor . 3 两者比较,表示一方在某方面不如另一方,常用 “not so /as +形容词原级+as‖句型。 A train doesn’t travel so fast as a plane . 4 三者或三者以上比较,表示某人某物“最……‖时, 用“the+形容词最高级+比较范围”句型。 Asia is by far the largest of the seven continents . She writes (the) most carefully of the three .
• 1)修饰复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等, • 如:anything important, nothing easy • (2)同表示数量的词组连用, 如:twenty feet long, five years old • 3.几个形容词修饰一名词时,一般顺序为 大小(little除外)、形状、色彩、由来、用 途。如: • a fine round maple(枫木)writing table, • a famous old English country house
词加-ed 和 –ing都可构成形容词
• 加-ed的形容词表示“人感到如何”,加-ing 的形容词则用来描写事物, 如: • We were excited when we heard the exciting news. • alarming,amusing,astonishing,charming, • daring,demanding,encouraging,confusing, • disappointing,discouraging,exciting, • interesting,inviting,pleasing,promising, • shocking,striking,surprising
形容词和副词考点
• 1 (1)Tom sounds very much ______in the job, but I’m not sure whether he can manage it. (2006 安徽) A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly • 2—What a nice fire you have in your fireplace! —During the winter I like my house _____. (2005上海春) A. warmly and comfortably B. warm and comfortable C. warm and comfortably D. warmly and comfortable
• 3 She doesn't speak ________her friend, but her written work is excellent. (1993全国) A. as well as B. so often as C. so much as D. as good as • 4(7)______, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. (2004上海春) A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange
副词在句子中的位置 • • 时间副词和地点副词的位置 表示确定时间的副词和地点的副词,一般 放在句尾,如句中同时有地点副词和时间 副词,地点副词通常在前,时间副词在后。 修饰形容词和副词的程度副词,除enough 后置外,一般放在被修饰词的前面。副词 在此作状语。 如: be well enough, go fast enough
• 3.有些形容词只能作表语 如: • 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形 容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用 程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都 属于这一类。例如:afraid 害怕的。 • (错) He is an ill man. • (对) The man is ill. • (错) She is an afraid girl. • 对) The girl is afraid. • well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike, alive,alone,asleep,awake 等


• • •


修饰动词的方式副词有以下几种 修饰不及物动词时,该副词要后置,如:sing well 修饰及物动词时,可放在被修饰词之前或宾语 之后;如宾语较长也可放在动词和宾语之间。 如:study English hard,see clearly the words on the blackboard 及物动词和副词(如:down,on,off,in,out, up等)组成的动词词组,其宾语是名词,该名 词可放在副词之前或之后:如是代词,该代词 一定要放在副词前。 He cut down the tree. / He cut the tree down. / He cut it down.
㈡加到动词上的有
• ① -ent/-ant,如:dependent, different, observant, pleasant; • ② -able/-ible,如: agreeable, comfortable, defensible, sensible(明智的;合情理的 ); • ③ -ive/-tive/-ative/-itive,如:active, attentive, imaginative, sensitive(敏感的;易受伤害的 ); • ④ -ed/-en,如:advanced, noted, stolen, swollen; • ⑤ -ing,如:annoying, disgusting, entertaining。
定冠词the + 形容词
• 定冠词the + 形容词”表示一类人或物,作 “主语或宾语”,意思为“……的一种人”, “……的一类东西或事情”。 • The new will take the place of the old . (新 事物将代替旧事物。) • The young are fond of sports .(年轻人喜欢 体育运动。) • The Living and the Dead is a horror film.
二、考查形容词作定语的后置规律
• 5 _______to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (2000全国) A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave • 6 All the people ______at the party were his supporters. (2002北京) A. present B. thankful 形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前,但下列三种情况 C. interested D. important 形容词要后置:
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