2019届高考英语二轮题海特训营5阅读理解推理判断一(含答案)

阅读理解-推理判断一1、 In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain. People had been writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719—but nobody wanted to do it professionally. The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy(识字) rate in England was under 50%. Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady.”Nove ls, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad.In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters —from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim—were held up as moral touchstones. Today Dickens’ greatness is unchallenged. Removing him from the pantheon(名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass. Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 1837 to1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them. It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress. But it’s also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center. No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer. But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible — and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasting one.1.Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?A.They were difficult to understand.B.They were popular among the rich.C.They were seen as nearly worthless.D.They were written mostly by women.2.Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress________.A.his reputation in FranceB.his interest in modern artC.his success in publicationD.his importance in literature3.What is the author’s purpos e in writing the text?A.To remember a great writer.B.To introduce an English novel.C.To encourage studies on culture.D.To promote values of the Victorian age.2、 Daniel Hernandez always wanted to help people. Be fore he’d even graduated from high school, he trained to be a certified nursing assistant and volunteered at a nursing home. He then decided to work in public service. In his junior year at the University of Arizona, he majored in political science and began volunteering in political activities.One of his heroes was Gabrielle Giffords. When picked for an internship(实习期) with her, he gladly gave up a part-time sales job. So eager was he that he started work four days early. On Saturday morning, January 8, he arrived at La Toscana Village market north of Tucson and began setting up tables in front of a Safeway store where 30 or so people were gathering to meet Giffords.At 10: 10 a. m.,Hernandez h eard loud sounds. “Gun!” someone shouted. He heard peop le screaming, saw them falling to the ground. Hernandez was standing 30 feet away from Giffords when she fell down. In seconds, he was at her side. Everywhere around him was chaos, but Hernandez willed himself to remain calm.Giffords was lying on the sidewalk; blood was streaming down her face from a bullet wound on her head. Gently, Hernandez lifted her into a sitting position against his shoulder. Then, with his hand, he applied pressure to the wound on her forehead to prevent the flow of blood. He calmed her and told her all would be well.Minutes later, ambulances arrived on the scene. Still Hernandez stayed with Giffords, holding her hand and talking. “I just made sure she knew she wasn’t alone,” he says. “When I told her I'd contact her husban d Mark, she squeezed my hand hard.”Nineteen people fell victim to a crazy man that day. Giffords, though wounded, survived in no small part because of Hernandez’s quick actions. Hernandez did a he roic thing. Though he doesn't think so, the people of Tucson and the nation are grateful that Daniel Hernandez was there at that key moment, four days earlier than he was supposed to be.1.Where did Daniel Hernandez ever volunteer before the accident?A.At the University of Arizona.B.At a store for a product.C.At a nursing home.D.At his high school.2.Why did Hernandez stay with Gabrielle Giffords as soon as possible?A.Gabrielle Giffords was his hero.B.He worked as a security guards.C.He knew Gabrielle Giffords was in danger.D.He knew how to treat her wound.3.According to the last paragraph, to the people of Tucson, Gabrielle Giffords ______.A.worked hard at the Safeway storeB.was one of Daniel Hernandez’s friendsC.did a really heroic thing that dayD.was lucky to survive the accident3、Science has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there’s always a temptation(诱惑) to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character, and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.Brooks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature? What are the sources of character? And why are som e people happy and successful while others aren’t?To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines(学科). Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorthodox(非常规的), and perhaps unfortunate, way. Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story, within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader’s attention. So as Harold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction.Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.On the whole, Brooks’s story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica are certainly not strong or memorable characters, the more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks’s attempt to translate his tale into science.1.The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage to__________.A.illustrate where science can be appliedB.demonstrate the value of Brooks’s new bookC.remind the reader of the importance of scienceD.explain why many writers use science in their works2.According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book?A.Its strong basis.B.Its convincing points.C.Its clear writing.D.Its memorable characters.3.What is the author’s general attitude towards the book?A.Contradictory.B.Supportive.C.Cautious.D.Critical.4.What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph?A.Problems with the book.B.Brooks’s life experience.C.Death of the characters.D.Brooks’s translation skills.4、 1. The Wright Brothers, by David McCulloughAnother must-read for history fans, McCullough tells the story of Orville and Wilbur Wright, the brothers who taught the world how to fly. Drawing on all types of historical data —from personal diaries and scrapbooks, to thousands of private letters of family letters — we get a close look atthe actual personalities behind one of the most influential moments in history.2. The Wonder Garden, by Lauren AcamporaThis novel is really a collection of several interwoven(交织)stories of people living in the rich Connecticut suburbs. From tales of an elderly artist to a young mother to a woman whose husband just behaves carelessly, The Wonder Garden gives us an unforgettable reminder that there’s often so much we don’t know about what happens with our neighbors behind closed doors.3. Between You & Me: Confessions of a Comma Queen, by Mary NorrisDoes someone mistaking who for whom make your blood boil? Do you want to throw a dictionary at someone for mistaking sit for cite? Enter Between You & Me. Mary Norris brings her experience working in The New Yorker’s copy department to eager grammar fans in this laugh-out-loud book that looks at some of the most common spelling, punctuation, and usage problems in the English language.4. My Struggle: Book Four, by Karl Ove KnausgaardMy Struggle is a six-volume autobiographical novel that follows the life of Karl Ove Knausgaard, a Norwegian father of three. In Book Four, he writes of his decision at the age of 18 to move to a fisherman’s village in the far north of the Arctic circle to work as a school teacher. It’s there that he struggles with love, alcoholism, and becoming loved by one of his students.1.What does the book The Wright brothers focus on?A.Invention of airplanes.B.Nature of the characters.C.History of airplanes.D.Ordinary life of the characters.2.Who describes his or her real life experiences in the novel?A.David McCullough.uren Acampora.C.Karl Ove Knausgaard.D.Mary Norris.3.Which of the following books might make you burst into laughter?A.My Struggle.B.The Wonder Garden.C.The Wright Brothers.D.Between You & Me.5、 When I was in fourth grade, I worked part-time as a paperboy. Mrs. Stanley was one of my customers. Sh e’d watch me coming down her street, and by the time I’d biked up to her doorstep, there’d be a cold drink waiting. I’d sit and drink while she talk ed. Mrs. Stanley talked mostly about her dead husband, “Mr. Stanley and I went shopping this morning,” she’d say. The first time she said that, soda went up my nose.I told my father how Mrs. Stanley talked as if Mr. Stanley were still alive. Dad said she was probably lonely, and that I ought to sit and listen and nod my head and smile, and maybe she’d work it out of her system. So that’s what I did, and it turned out Dad was right. After a while she seemed content to leave her husband over at the cemetery (墓地).I finally quit delivering newspapers and didn’t see Mrs. Stanley for several years. Then we crossed paths at a church fund-raiser. She was spooning mashed potatoes and looking happy. Four years before, she’d had to offer her paperboy a drink to have someone to talk with. Now she had friends. Her husband was gone, but life went on.I live in the city now, and my paperboy is a lady named Edna with three kids. She asks me how I’m doing. When I don’t say “fine,” she sticks around to hear my problems. She’s lived in the city most of her life, but she knows about community. Community isn’t so much a place as it is a state of mind. You find it whenever people ask how you’re doing because they care, and not because they’re getting paid to do so. So metimes it’s good to just smile, nod your head and listen.1.Why did soda go up the author’s nose one time?A.He was talking fast.B.He was shocked.C.He was in a hurry.D.He was absent-minded.2.Why did the author sit and listen to Mrs. Stanley?A.He enjoyed the drink.B.He wanted to be helpful.C.He took the chance to rest.D.He tried to please his dad.3.Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “work it out of her system” in Paragraph 2?A.Recover from her sadness.B.Move out of the neighborhood.C.Turn to her old friends.D.Speak out about her past.4.What does the author think people in a community should do?A.Open up to others.B.Depend on each other.C.Pay for others’ help.D.Care about one another.6、 I carried out my first real experiment in the 9th grade. My school was a dream place for someone who dreamed of becoming a scientist—we had almost everything that one needed to do experiments in the lab.The experiment was designed by me and another student called Aisha, who to this day remains a very close friend of mine. We chose to learn about the effect of antioxidants(抗氧化剂)on the growth of African violets(紫罗兰). We cloned a lot of African violets and planted them into baby food jars.To learn about the effect of antioxidants, we decided to count the number of little baby leaves that appeared on the cloned leaf every day. I was not sure why we decided to choose antioxidants to do the experiment. We were just 14 after all and we didn't know much about plants. However, we found that the ones fed with antioxidants produced more little baby leaves on them. I was sure the antioxidants had an effect on them. It was a wonderful experience to set up such an experiment.I learned a lot from that experience. It was just the one that made me like science, and having the opportunity to do real science at school made me believe that. It wasn’t reading science out of a book, and it wasn't watching videos about adults with bad hair doing science in a lab; it was actually doing science that interested me —thinking about it, planning it, and doing it.After that experiment, I did more experiments in the lab with my friend Aisha. We learned a lot of things through doing experiments in the lab of our school. I was so lucky that I attended such a school.Recently, I read a report on a website. It shows that many schools in the US don’t have the resources(资源) needed to do experiments in their school labs. Students should do experiments in thelab. It totally works. It makes kids like science. I hope that schools around the nation will provide their students with more resources to do experiments in the lab.1.What’s the author’s purpose in doing the experiment?A.To find out how African violets grew into big plants.B.To clone enough African violets to plant in the wild.C.To find the effect of antioxidants on African violets.D.To test whether antioxidants were good for all plants.2.The author found the African violets fed with antioxidants ________.A.looked very strangeB.grew better than othersC.were almost destroyedD.had much bigger leaves3.After doing the experiment the author __________.A.wanted to find a better partnerB.showed great interest in scienceC.thought it was hard to do experimentsD.wanted to read books to improve his experiment4.What is the text mainly about?A.The author’s first experiment in a lab.B.Why all students cannot do experiments.C.Why the author was interested in science.D.Things the author learned from experiments.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.C; 2.D; 3.A解析：本文写于Charles Dickens诞辰200周年前夕,介绍了Charles Dickens在英国小说方面的重要贡献和深远影响。