2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(四川卷)

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2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试生物(四川)

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试生物试题（四川卷）第一部分（选择题共126分）一、选择题（本题共13小题，每小题6分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）1．蛙的受精卵发育成原肠胚的过程中，下列行为在细胞内不能．．发生的是（）A．基因的选择性表达B．DNA的半保留复制C．同源染色体的分离D．姐妹染色单体的分开2．将大肠杆菌的质粒连接上人生长激素的基因后，重新置入大肠杆菌的细胞内，通过发酵就能大量生产人生长激素。

下列叙述正确的是（）A．发酵产生的生长激素属于大肠杆菌的初级代谢产物B．大肠杆菌获得的能产生人生长激素的变异可以遗传C．大肠杆菌质粒标记基因中腺嘌呤与尿嘧啶含量相等D．生长激素基因在转录时需要解旋酶和DNA连接酶3．科研人员为研究脾脏中某种淋巴细胞（简称M细胞）在免疫应答中的作用，进行了如下实验：组别处理方式检测结果实验组用肺癌细胞抗原处理M细胞后，分离出M细胞与胸腺淋巴细胞混合培养，再分离出胸腺淋巴细胞与肺癌细胞混合培养部分淋巴细胞能杀伤肺癌细胞对照组未经处理的胸腺淋巴细胞与肺癌细胞混合培养淋巴细胞均不能杀伤肺癌细胞下列对该实验的相关分析，不正确．．．的是（）A．实验证明M细胞能够将肺癌细胞抗原呈递给胸腺淋巴细胞B．经M细胞刺激后部分胸腺淋巴细胞增殖分化形成效应细胞C．实验组培养液中含有能增强效应T细胞杀伤力的淋巴因子D．实验组培养液中含有能特异性识别肺癌抗原的免疫球蛋白4．为研究根背光生长与生长素的关系，将水稻幼苗分别培养在含不同浓度生长素或适宜浓度NPA（生长素运输抑制剂）的溶液中，用水平单侧光照射根部（如下图），测得根的弯曲角度及生长速率如下表：据此实验的结果，不能．．得出的结论是（）A．根向光一侧的生长速率大于背光一侧B．生长素对水稻根生长的作用具有两重性C．单侧光对向光一侧生长素的合成没有影响D．单侧光照射下根的背光生长与生长素的运输有关5．给实验鼠静脉注射不同剂量的胰岛素，测得血糖的补充速率和消耗速率如图所示。

2012年高考四川卷试题及答案解析

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浓硫酸与足量铜微热反应，生成 SO2 分支的数目为 0.46 N A 。
D.某密闭容器盛有 0.1mol N 2 和 0.3mol H 2 ，在一定条件下充分反应，转移电子的数目为 0.6 N A
【答案】
第3页
【解析】
8.已知 W、X、Y、Z 为短周期元素，W、Z 同主族，X、Y、Z 同周期，W 但是气态氢化物的稳定性的阿玉 Z 的气态氢化物的稳定性，X、Y 为金属元素，X 的阳离子的氧化性小于 Y 的阳离子的氧化性。下列说法正确的是 A.XYZW 的原子半径依次减小 B.W 与 X 形成的化合物中只含离子键 C.W 的气态氢化物的沸点一定高于 Z 的气态氢化物的沸点 D.若 W 与 Y 的原子序数相差 5，则二者形成化合物的化学式一定为
第8页
A． =0 时，杆产生的电动势为 2 Bav B．

3
时，杆产生的电动势为 3Bav
3B 2 av ( 2)R 0 3B 2 av D．时，杆受的安培力大小为 3 (5 3)R 0 【答案】
C． =0 时，杆受的安培力大小为
【解析】
21．如图所示，劲度数为 k 的轻弹簧的一端固定在墙上，另一端与置于水平面上质量为 m 的物体接触（未连接），弹簧水平且无形变。用水平力 F 缓慢推动物体，在弹性限度内弹簧长度被压缩了 x0 ，此时物体静止。撤去 F 后，物体开始向左运动，运动的最大距离为 4 x0 。物体与水平面间的动摩擦因数为，重力加速度为 g 。则
【答案】【解析】
19．在 xOy 平面内有一列沿 x 轴正方向传播的简谐横波，波速为 2 m / s ，振幅为 A 。M、N 是平衡位置相距 2 m 的两上质点，如图所示。在 t =0 时，M 通过其平衡位置沿 y 轴正方向运动，N 位于其平衡位置上方最大位移处。已知该波的周期大于 1 s 。则

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(四川卷)

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(四川卷)一、考试概况2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（简称高考）是中国大陆一年一度的高中毕业生综合性考试，被视为中国教育改革的重点之一。

高考分文科和理科两个类别，每个类别有不同的科目要求，其中文科科目为语文、数学、英语、历史、地理、政治（含课程内容）等六门科目；理科科目为语文、数学、英语、物理、化学、生物等六门科目。

本次文章主要介绍的是2012年全国普通高等学校招生考试四川卷。

二、试卷内容1. 语文语文试题主要包括阅读理解、写作、文言文阅读等三个部分。

整体难度较大，需要考生对于知识点掌握程度较好，并能够较快理解文章信息。

2. 数学数学试卷主要包括数学分析、几何与代数、数学思想方法三个方面。

整体难度较大，需要考生对于数学基础知识点、计算能力及解题技巧有较为扎实的掌握。

3. 英语英语试卷主要包括阅读理解、完形填空、语法填空、短文写作等四个部分。

整体难度适中，需要考生对于英语单词、词组、语法等基础内容有较好的把握。

4. 物理物理试卷主要分两部分，其中一部分为选择题，包括知识点掌握及解题技巧；另一部分则为应用题，需要考生具备一定的实践能力及思考能力。

5. 化学化学试卷主要分为选择题和填空题两部分。

其中选择题需要考生对于化学基础知识点进行掌握；填空题需要考生对于化学知识点应用能力进行较好的实践。

6. 生物生物试卷主要包括选择题、填空题和应用题等三个方面，需要考生对于生物知识点及实践经验进行全面掌握，并且能够进行科学思考。

三、考试难度，本次四川卷难度较大，需要考生具备较好的学习基础、解题技巧和较强的考试心态才能够应对。

特别是对于语文和数学这两门科目，难度更是较大。

四、备考建议考生在备考时要认真准备考试内容，抓住知识点并逐一深入学习，掌握解题技巧，提高综合实力，积极培养自信心态。

运用多种方法对知识进行深化学习，如整理笔记、复习积累、在线学习等方法。

同时，考生在考试时要注意细节，不要出错、不要漏答，避免失分。

2012年四川高考试题(文数,word解析版)四川卷

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（四川卷）数学（文科）参考公式：如果事件互斥，那么球的表面积公式 ()()()P A B P A P B +=+ 24S R p =如果事件相互独立，那么其中R 表示球的半径 ()()()P A B P A P B ? 球的体积公式如果事件A 在一次试验中发生的概率是p ，那么 343V R p =在n 次独立重复试验中事件A 恰好发生k 次的概率其中R 表示球的半径 ()(1)(0,1,2,,)k kn k n n P k C p p k n -=-=…第一部分（选择题共60分）注意事项：1、选择题必须使用2B 铅笔将答案标号涂在机读卡上对应题目标号的位置上。

2、本部分共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。

一、选择题：每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、设集合{,}A a b =，{,,}B b c d =，则A B = （）A 、{}bB 、{,,}b c dC 、{,,}a c dD 、{,,,}a b c d 2、7(1)x +的展开式中2x 的系数是（）A 、21B 、28C 、35D 、423、交通管理部门为了解机动车驾驶员（简称驾驶员）对某新法规的知晓情况，对甲、乙、丙、丁四个社区做分层抽样调查。

假设四个社区驾驶员的总人数为N ，其中甲社区有驾驶员96人。

若在甲、乙、丙、丁四个社区抽取驾驶员的人数分别为12,21,25,43，则这四个社区驾驶员的总人数N 为（）A 、101B 、808C 、1212D 、2012 4、函数(0,1)x y a a a a =->≠的图象可能是（）5、如图，正方形ABCD 的边长为1，延长BA 至E ，使1AE =，连接EC 、ED 则sin CED ∠=（） A 、31010 B 、1010 C 、510 D 、515DCAE B6、下列命题正确的是（）A 、若两条直线和同一个平面所成的角相等，则这两条直线平行B 、若一个平面内有三个点到另一个平面的距离相等，则这两个平面平行C 、若一条直线平行于两个相交平面，则这条直线与这两个平面的交线平行D 、若两个平面都垂直于第三个平面，则这两个平面平行7、设a 、b 都是非零向量，下列四个条件中，使||||a ba b =成立的充分条件是（）A 、||||a b =且//a b B 、a b =- C 、//a b D 、2a b =8、若变量,x y 满足约束条件3,212,21200x y x y x y x y -≥-⎧⎪+≤⎪⎪+≤⎨⎪≥⎪≥⎪⎩，则34z x y =+的最大值是（）A 、12B 、26C 、28D 、339、已知抛物线关于x 轴对称，它的顶点在坐标原点O ，并且经过点0(2,)M y 。

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数学理试题(四川卷,含答案)

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数学理试题（四川卷，有答案）参考公式：如果事件互斥，那么球的表面积公式()()()P A B P A P B+=+24S Rp=如果事件相互独立，那么其中R表示球的半径()()()P A B P A P B?球的体积公式如果事件A在一次试验中发生的概率是p，那么343V Rp=在n次独立重复试验中事件A恰好发生k次的概率其中R表示球的半径()(1)(0,1,2,,)k k n kn nP k C p p k n-=-=…第一部分（选择题共60分）注意事项：1、选择题必须使用2B铅笔将答案标号涂在机读卡上对应题目标号的位置上。

2、本部分共12小题，每小题5分，共60分。

一、选择题：每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1、7(1)x+的展开式中2x的系数是（）A、42B、35C、28D、212、复数2(1)2ii-=（）A、1B、1- C、i D、i-3、函数29,3()3ln(2),3xxf x xx x⎧-<⎪=-⎨⎪-≥⎩在3x=处的极限是（）A、不存在B、等于6C、等于3D、等于04、如图，正方形ABCD的边长为1，延长BA至E，使1AE=，连接EC、ED则sin CED∠=（）A B5、函数1(0,1)xy a a aa=->≠的图象可能是（）6、下列命题正确的是（）A 、若两条直线和同一个平面所成的角相等，则这两条直线平行B 、若一个平面内有三个点到另一个平面的距离相等，则这两个平面平行C 、若一条直线平行于两个相交平面，则这条直线与这两个平面的交线平行D 、若两个平面都垂直于第三个平面，则这两个平面平行 7、设a 、b 都是非零向量，下列四个条件中，使||||a ba b =成立的充分条件是（） A 、a b =- B 、//a b C 、2a b = D 、//a b 且||||a b = 8、已知抛物线关于x 轴对称，它的顶点在坐标原点O ，并且经过点0(2,)M y 。

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（四川卷）

2012年普通⾼等学校招⽣全国统⼀考试英语（四川卷）2012年普通⾼等学校招⽣全国统⼀考试(四川卷)英语第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共100分)第⼀部分英语知识运⽤(共两节,满分50分)第⼀节语法和词汇知识(共20⼩题;每⼩题1分,满分20分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填⼊空⽩处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂⿊。

1.(2012四川⾼考,1)—Excuse me.How much is the shirt?—.A.Extra LargeB.50 eachC.It sells wellD.Altogether there are 5B考查交际⽤语。

问句询问衬衫的价格是多少,因此“每件衬衫50元”符合句意。

Extra Large“特⼤号”;It sells well“销售得好”;Altogether there are 5“总共5件”。

2.(2012四川⾼考,2)New technologies have made possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A.thatB.thisC.oneD.itD考查代词。

在此句中it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost。

句意:新的技术使得在⾼效能低成本的前提下⽣产新的产品成为了可能。

故选D项。

3.(2012四川⾼考,3)—Goodbye,/doc/976918cf960590c69ec376b2.html e back again sometime.—Sure..A.I didB.I doC.I shallD.I willD考查时态。

第⼀句话是告别时的⽤语,并邀请对⽅抽时间再回来,回来的动作应该是将来才发⽣的并且含有⾮常愿意的意思,因此选⽤I will。

4.(2012四川⾼考,4)At school,some students are active some are shy,yet they can be good friends with one another.A.whileB.althoughC.soD.asA考查连词。

2012四川省语文高考题及答案

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（四川卷）语文第一部分（选择题共30分）一、（12分，每小题3分）1．下列词语中加点的字，读音全部正确的一组是A．折．（zhé）耗绰．（chuò）约水泵．（bèng）流水淙．（cóng）淙B．募．(mǜ)集缜．(zhěn)密慰藉． (jiè) 风驰电掣．(chè)C．露．(lòu)面纤．(x iān)细抚恤．(xǜ) 弦．(xuān)外之音D．栅．(zhà)栏蜷．(juǎn)缩款识．(zhì) 敷衍塞．(sè)责2．下列词语中，没有错别字的一组是A．讳疾忌医微言大义万事具备，只欠东风B．罄竹难书两全其美一言既出，驷马难追C．掷地有声曲意逢迎桃李不言，下自成蹊D．至高无上原型必露失之东隅，收之桑榆3．下列各句中，加点词语使用恰当的一句是A．在施工过程中，因疏忽造成的安全事故如期而至．．．．，人员伤亡严重，救援队伍很快赶到现场，克服困难抢救危重人员，并对轻伤者进行了处理。

B．2011年8月，科幻作家徐浩若受邀到成都举办讲座，几十位科幻创作爱好者聆听了他的报告，会后我有幸向他垂询．．了有关科幻创作的问题。

C．一项对大学毕业生发展状况的调查表明，无论．．他们在校成绩多么优秀，走上工作岗位后都将面临各种挑战，需要用勤奋、智慧与坚韧去应对。

D．在维也纳金色大厅，经常有不同肤色、不同语言的人们会聚在这里，他们各具民族风格与艺术特色的优美歌声在大厅内交相辉映．．．．，久久回荡。

4．下列各句中，没有语病的一句是A．我国首座自主建造、设计、开发的第六代深水半潜式钻井平台，在我国南海海域正式开钻，标志着我国海洋石油工业深水战略迈出了实质性步伐。

B．近年来世界艺术品拍卖价格屡创新高，许多有眼光的国际大商人纷纷购买、收藏有价值的艺术品，希望以这种投资方式实现资产保值和增值。

C．1999～2011年间，我国造林6643.36万公顷，人工林面积位居世界第一，但是土地沙漠化、植被覆盖率和森林病虫害等依然十分严重，令人担忧。

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理综(四川卷)

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(四川卷)理综可能用到的相对原子质量:H1C12O16S32Cu64Ba137第一部分(选择题共126分)一、选择题(本题共13小题,每小题6分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.(2012·四川理综,1)蛙的受精卵发育成原肠胚的过程中,下列行为在细胞内不能．．发生的是( )。

A.基因的选择性表达B.DNA的半保留复制C.同源染色体的分离D.姐妹染色单体的分开C蛙的受精卵发育成原肠胚的过程:受精卵经卵裂形成桑椹胚,桑椹胚进一步分裂、分化成囊胚,囊胚进一步分裂、分化成原肠胚。

细胞分化的实质是基因的选择性表达,因此A项可以发生;细胞分裂间期DNA通过半保留方式进行复制,所以B项也会发生;同源染色体分离发生在减数分裂(配子的形成)过程中,因此C项不能发生;在有丝分裂后期会发生姐妹染色单体的分开,所以D项也可以发生。

2.(2012·四川理综,2)将大肠杆菌的质粒连接上人生长激素的基因后,重新置入大肠杆菌的细胞内,通过发酵就能大量生产人生长激素。

下列叙述正确的是( )。

A.发酵产生的生长激素属于大肠杆菌的初级代谢产物B.大肠杆菌获得的能产生人生长激素的变异可以遗传C.大肠杆菌质粒标记基因中腺嘌呤与尿嘧啶含量相等D.生长激素基因在转录时需要解旋酶和DNA连接酶B利用基因工程生产人生长激素是将大肠杆菌的质粒连接上人生长激素的基因,导入大肠杆菌细胞内,生产人的生长激素。

生长激素不是大肠杆菌生命活动所必需的初级代谢产物,所以A项错;大肠杆菌获得的能产生人生长激素的变异是因为遗传物质改变引起的,属于可遗传的变异,所以B项正确;质粒是环状的DNA分子,不含有尿嘧啶,因此C项错;基因转录需要RNA聚合酶,转录产物为信使RNA,所以D项错。

3.(2012·四川理综,3)科研人员为研究脾脏中某种淋巴细胞(简称M细胞)在免疫应答中的作用,进行了如下实验:下列对该实验的相关分析,不正确．．．的是( )。

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试四川

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（四川卷）文科综合第一部分选择题（共140分）本部分共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。

图1是我国亚热带某旅游名山景观照片。

该山顶海拔3099米，属山地针叶叶林带。

读图回答1~2题。

1.形成图中结构地貌的地质作用是A.断裂上升B. 褶皱弯曲C. 冰川堆积D.风力侵蚀2.该山山顶能够出现可供游客欣赏的景观是A.人间四月芳菲尽，山寺桃花始盛开B.晨起开门雪满山，雪晴云淡日光寒C.层层梯田叠交错，犹如海上泛碧波D.春蚕作茧桑园绿，睡起日斜闻竹鸡图2为亚洲某国年降水量分布图。

读图回答3~5题3.据图示信息推断，甲乙丙丁四个城市中，人口数量最多的应该是A.甲城市B.乙城市C.丙城市D.丁城市4.针对该国面临的突出生态环境问题，应才去的主要防治措施是A.调整农作物熟制B.大面积营造水土保持林C.广泛建设人工水域D.实施林草结合的防风固沙工程5.下列结论的依据，所用图示信息正确的是A.河流稀少，有内流河，所以该国为内陆国B.中、东部城市分布较多，故该国中、东部为平原C.位于温带地区，导致该国1月平均气温在0℃以下D.降水量稀少切呈条带状分布，使该国植被呈现东西延伸、南北更替表1为某地气候相关数据。

读表回答6~7题6.影响该地气温特征的主导因素是A.纬度位置B.海陆位置C.地形D.植被7.该地易发生的主要自然灾害是A.雪灾B.台风C.泥石流D.暴雨洪涝图3中四条曲线分别表示北美、南美、澳大利亚和非洲四大陆线西岸0°~40°范围内年降水量分布的状况。

读图回答8~9题8.表示北美大陆西岸降水状况的是A.①曲线南美B.②曲线非洲C.③曲线D.④曲线澳大利亚9.M对应的地点年降水量少的主要原因是A.纬度低，蒸发旺盛B.盛行东北信风，水汽含量少C.终年受副热带高压控制，盛行下沉气流D.沿岸有势力很强的寒流流经，降温减湿明显图4是以极点为中心的东半球图。

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(四川理综)

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合（四川卷）选择题（在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）6．下列关于“化学与健康”的说法不正确的是A．服用铬含量超标的药用胶囊会对人体健康造成危害B．食用一定量的油脂能促进人体对某些维生素的吸收C．“血液透析”利用了胶体的性质D．光化学烟雾不会引起呼吸道疾病7．设N A为阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列叙述正确的是A．标准状态下，33.6 L氟化氢中含有氟原子的数目为1.5N AB．常温常压下，7.0 g乙烯与丙稀的混合物中含有氢原子的数目为N AC．50 mL18.4 mol·L—1浓硫酸与足量铜微热反应，生成SO2分子的数目为0.46N A D．某密闭容器盛有0.1 mol N2和0.3 mol H2，在一定条件下充分反应，转移电子的数目为0.6N A8．已知W、X、Y、Z为短周期元素，W、Z同主族，X、Y、Z同周期，W的气态氢化物的稳定性大于Z的气态氢化物的稳定性，X、Y为金属元素，X的阳离子的氧化性小于Y的阳离子的氧化性。

下列说法正确的是A．X、Y、Z、W的原子半径依次减小B．W与X形成的化合物中只含离子键C．W的气态氢化物的沸点一定高于Z的气态氢化物的沸点D．若W与Y的原子序数相差5，则二者形成化合物的化学式一定为Y2W39．下列离子方程式正确的是A．钠与水反应：Na＋2H2O＝Na＋＋2OH—＋H2↑B．硅酸钠溶液与醋酸溶液混合：SiO2—3＋2H＋＝H2SiO3↓C．0.01 mol·L—1 NH4Al(SO4)2溶液与0.02 mol·L—1 Ba(OH)2溶液等体积混合：NH＋4＋Al3＋＋2SO2—4＋2Ba2＋＋4OH—＝2BaSO4↓＋Al(OH)3↓＋NH3·H2OD．浓硝酸中加入过量铁粉并加热：Fe＋3NO—3＋6H＋Fe3＋＋3NO2↑＋3H2O 10．常温下，下列溶液中的微粒浓度关系正确的是A．新制氯水中加入固体NaOH：c(Na＋)＝c(Cl—)＋c(ClO—)＋c(OH—)B．pH＝8.3的NaHCO3溶液：c(Na＋)＞c(HCO—3)＞c(CO2—3)＞c(H2CO3)C．pH＝11的氨水与pH＝3的盐酸等体积混合：c(Cl—)＝c(NH＋4)＞c(OH—)＝c(H＋) D．0.2 mol·L—1 CH3COOH溶液与0.1 mol·L—1 NaOH溶液等体积混合：2c(H＋)—2c(OH—)＝c(CH3COO—)—c(CH3COOH)11．一种基于酸性燃料电池原理设计的酒精检测仪，负极上的反应为：CH3CH2OH—4e—＋H2O＝CH3COOH＋4H＋。

2012年英语高考试题答案及解析-四川

2012年英语高考试题答案及解析-四川学而思网校2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(四川卷)解析版英语第?卷(选择题共100分)第一部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分50分)第一节语法和词汇知识(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2012年高考真题——英语(四川卷)解析版

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（四川卷）英语（解析：王忠）第Ⅰ卷（选择题共100分）第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节语法和词汇知识（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1. —Excuse me. How much is the shirt?— _______.A. Extra LargeB. 50 eachC. It sells wellD. Altogether there are 52. New technologies have made ____ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A. thatB. thisC. oneD. it3.—Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.—Sure. ______.A. I didB. I doC. I shallD. I will4. At school, some students are active ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.A. whileB. althoughC. soD. as5. This is not my story, nor ______ the whole story. My story plays out differently.A. is thereB. there isC. is itD. it is6. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _____ his plane high up in the sky.A. findingB. to findC. being foundD. to have found7. The hotel is almost finished, but it _____ needs one or two weeks to get ready for guests.A. onlyB. alsoC. evenD. still8. I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A. to windB. windC. windingD. wound9.—Did you catch what I said?—Sorry. I ______ a text message just now.A. had answeringB. have answeredC. would answerD. was answering10. If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay ______ you are and wait for help.A. whyB. whereC. whoD. what11. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ____.A. is being rebuiltB. has been rebuiltC. is rebuiltD. has rebuilt12. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.A. washedB. washC. washingD. to wash13. In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses.A. in whomB. in themC. of whomD. of them14. This training program can give you a lift at work, ____ increase your income by 40%.A. as well asB. so long asC. so much asD. as soon as15. He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a matter of _____.A. luckB. valueC. timeD. fact16.I make $2,000 a week, 60 surely won’t make ______ difference to me.A. that a bigB. a that bigC. big a thatD. that big a17. Scientists study ____ human brains work to make computers.A. whenB. howC. thatD. whether18. We are said to be living in ____ Information Age, ____ time of new discoveries and great changes.A. an; theB. 不填; theC. 不填; aD. the; a19. I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao ” just as I ____ do in China.A. mustB. mightC. canD. should20. It’s surprising that your brother _____ Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long.A. picked upB. looked upC. put upD. made up1.【答案与解析】B 本题考查交际用语。

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(四川卷)-成长

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（四川卷）理科综合能力测试（物理）二、选择题（本题共8小题。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，有的只有一个选项是正确的，有的有多个选项正确，全部选对的得6分，选对但不全对得3分，有选错的得0分）14.物体由大量分子组成，下列说法正确的是A．分子热运动越剧烈，物体内每个分子的动作越大B．分子间引力总是随着分子间的距离减小而减小C．物体的内能跟物体的温度和体积有关D．只有外界对物体做功才能增加物体的内能【答案】C15.今年4月30日，西昌卫星发射中心的中圆轨道卫星，其轨道半径为2.8×107m。

它与另一颗同质量的同步轨道卫星（轨道半径为4.2×107m）相比A.向心力较小B.动能较大C.发射速度都是第一宇宙速度D.角速度较小【答案】B16.17.如图所示，在铁芯P上绕着两个线圈a和b，则A．线圈a输入正弦交变电流，线圈b可输入恒定电流B．线圈a输入恒定电流，穿过线圈b的磁通量一定为零C．线圈b输出的交变电流不对线圈a的磁场造成影响D．线圈a的磁场变化时，线圈b中一定有电场【答案】D17．如图为氢原子能级示意图的一部分，则氢原子n E n/eV∞5 -0.54A ．从4n =能级跃迁到3n =能级比从3n =能级跃迁到2n =能级辐射出电磁波的波长长B ．从5n =能级跃迁到1n =能级比从5n =能级跃迁到4n =能级辐射出电磁波的速度大C ．处于不同能级时，核外电子在各处出现的概率是一样的D ．从高能级向低能级跃迁时，氢原子核一定向外放出能量【答案】A18．a 、b 两种单色光组成的光束从介质进入空气时，其折射光束如图所示。

用a 、b 两束光A ．先后照射双缝干涉实验装置，在缝后屏上都能出现干涉条纹，由此确定光是横波B ．先后照射某金属，a 光照射时恰能逸出光电子，b 光照射时也能逸出光电子C ．从同一介质以相同方向射向空气，其界面为平面，若b 光不能进入空气，则a 光也不能进入空气D ．从同一介质以相同方向射向空气，其界面为平面，a 光的反射角比b 光的反射角大【答案】C19．在xOy 平面内有一列沿x 轴正方向传播的简谐横波，波速为2/m s ，振幅为A 。

2012年全国高考(四川卷)英语试题及答案

绝密★启用2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（四川卷）英语第Ⅰ卷（选择题共100分）第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节语法和词汇知识（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1. —Excuse me. How much is the shirt?— _______.A. Extra LargeB. 50 eachC. It sells wellD. Altogether there are 52. New technologies have made ____ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A. thatB. thisC. oneD. it3. —Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.—Sure. ______.A. I didB. I doC. I shallD. I will4. At school, some students are active ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.A. whileB. althoughC. soD. as5. This is not my story, nor ______ the whole story. My story plays out differently.A. is thereB. there isC. is itD. it is6. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _____ his plane high up in the sky.A. findingB. to findC. being foundD. to have found7. The hotel is almost finished, but it _____ needs one or two weeks to get ready for guests.A. onlyB. alsoC. evenD. still8. I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A. to windB. windC. windingD. wound9. —Did you catch what I said?—Sorry. I ______ a text message just now.A. had answeringB. have answeredC. would answerD. was answering10. If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay ______ you are and wait for help.A. whyB. whereC. whoD. what11. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ____.A. is being rebuiltB. has been rebuiltC. is rebuiltD. has rebuilt12. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.A. washedB. washC. washingD. to wash13. In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses.A. in whomB. in themC. of whomD. of them14. This training program can give you a lift at work, ____ increase your income by 40%.A. as well asB. so long asC. so much asD. as soon as15. He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a matter of _____.A. luckB. valueC. timeD. fact16. I make $2,000 a week, 60 surely won’t make ______ difference to me.A. that a bigB. a that bigC. big a thatD. that big a17. Scientists study ____ human brains work to make computers.A. whenB. howC. thatD. whether18. We are said to be living in ____ Information Age, ____ time of new discoveries and great changes.A. an; theB. 不填; theC. 不填; aD. the; a19. I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao ”just as I ____ do in China.A. mustB. mightC. canD. should20. It’s surprising that your brother _____ Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long.A. picked upB. looked upC. put upD. made up第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（四川卷）英语第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节语法和词汇知识（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）1. —Excuse me. How much is the shirt? — _______.A. Extra LargeB. 50 eachC. It sells wellD. Altogether there are 52. New technologies have made ____ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A. thatB. thisC. oneD. it3. —Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.—Sure. ______.A. I didB. I doC. I shallD. I will4. At school, some students are active ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.A. whileB. althoughC. soD. as5. This is not my story, nor ______ the whole story. My story plays out differently.A. is thereB. there isC. is itD. it is6. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _____ his plane high up in the sky.A. findingB. to findC. being foundD. to have found7. The hotel is almost finished, but it _____ needs one or two weeks to get ready for guests.A. onlyB. alsoC. evenD. still8. I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A. to windB. windC. windingD. wound9. —Did you catch what I said?—Sorry. I ______ a text message just now.A. had answeringB. have answeredC. would answerD. was answering10. If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay ______ you are and wait fo r help.A. whyB. whereC. whoD. what11. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ____.A. is being rebuiltB. has been rebuiltC. is rebuiltD. has rebuilt12. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.A. washedB. washC. washingD. to wash13. In our class there are 46 students, _____ half wear glasses.A. in whomB. in themC. of whomD. of them14. This training program can give you a lift at work, ____ increase your income by 40%.A. as well asB. so long asC. so much asD. as soon as15. He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It’s just a matter of _____.A. luckB. valueC. timeD. fact16. I make $2,000 a week, 60 surely won’t make ______ difference to me.A. that a bigB. a that bigC. big a thatD. that big a17. Scientists study ____ human brains work to make computers.A. whenB. howC. thatD. whether18. We are said to be living in ____ Information Age, ____ time of new discoveries and great changes.A. an; theB. 不填; theC. 不填; aD. the; a19. I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao ” just as I ____ do in China.A. mustB. mightC. canD. should20. It’s surprising that your brother _____ Russian so quickly—he hasn’t lived there very long.A. picked upB. looked upC. put upD. made up第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Lightning flashed through the darkness over Sibson’s bedroom skylight（天窗）.Sibson was shaken by a clap of thunder __21_ he knew what was happening. The storm had moved directly __22__ his two-story wooden house. Then he heard the smoke alarm beeping.Sibson rushed down the stairs barefoot to 23 ; he opened the door to the basement（地下室）, and flames 24 out. Sibson ran back upstairs to call 911 from his bedroom. “I felt 25 because the room had a separate outdoor stairway,” he explains.But the phone didn’t work, and when he tried to go down the outdoor stairway, he was 26 by a wall of flames. Sibson realized he was trapped（困住）.Sibson’s house was three kilometers 27 the main road and was so well hidden by trees that he knew calling for help would be 28 .Up a hill nearby lived Sibson’s neighbor, Huggo ns. He was lying in bed when something like a smoke alarm 29 his ears. He jumped out of bed, took his 30 and flashlight, and headed down the hillside toward the 31 . That was when he saw the rolling heavy smoke.Huggons dialed 911, and the operator warned him not to 32 the house. But Huggons said, “There is no way I am going to listen to Sibson 33 and die in that fire.”“Anyone there?” Huggons called out. Then he heard “Help! I’m trapped!” coming from the second floor balcony（阳台）. He entered the house, but soon had to run back to catch his 34 .After one more 35 inside the house, Huggons gave up and 36 around back.The wind parted the smoke just 37 for him to catch sight of Sibson. But there was no way to get to him. He 38 the flashlight into the woods and noticed a ladder. He took it over to the balcony and 39 Sibson down just as the second floor of the house fell off.Sibson is still 40 when he tells the story. “ I was alone that night,” he says. “Then I heard the most beautiful sound in my life. It was Huggons.”21. A. before B. while C. since D. until22. A. on B. in C. through D. over23. A. hide B. wait C. check D. escape24. A. moved B. gave C. went D. exploded25. A. safe B. worried C. glad D. tired26. A. burned B. stopped C. shocked D. covered27. A. beside B. off C. across D. along28. A. limited B. false C. fruitless D. regretful29. A. struck B. missed C. touched D. passed30. A. coat B. key C. basin D. phone31. A. noise B. road C. smoke D. danger32. A. search B. enter C. leave D. damage33. A. call B. roll C. scream D. sigh34. A. breath B. attention C. ladder D. flashlight35. A. stay B. chance C. thought D. attempt36. A. climbed B. circled C. looked D. jumped37. A. clear B. open C. enough D. fit38. A. led B. put C. drove D. shone39. A. persuaded B. kicked C. pulled D. forced40. A. nervous B. surprised C. proud D. thankful第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节阅读下列短文，选出最佳选项，（共20小题；每小题3分，满分40分）AOn a hill 600 feet above the surrounding land, we watch the lines of rain move across the scene, the moon rise over the hills, and the stars appear in the sky. The views invite a long look from a comfortable chair in front of the wooden house.Every window in our wooden house has a view, and the forest and lakes seldom look the same as the hour before. Each look reminds us where we are.There is space for our three boys to play outside, to shoot arrows, collect tree seeds, build earth houses and climb trees.Our kids have learned the names of the trees, and with the names have come familiarity and appreciation. As they tell all who show even a passing interest, maple（枫树）makes the best fighting sticks and white pines are the best climbing trees.The air is clean and fresh. The water from the well has a pleasant taste, and it is perhaps the healthiest water our kids will ever drink. Though they have one glass a day of juice and the rest is water, they never say anything against that.The seasons change just outside the door. We watch the maples turn every shade of yellow and red in the fall and note the poplars’（杨树）putting out the first green leaves of spring. The rainbow smelt fills the local steam as the ice gradually disappears, and the wood frogs start to sing in pools after being frozen for the winter. A family of birds rules our skies and flies over the lake.41. What can be learned from Paragraph 2?A. The scenes are colorful and changeable.B. There are many windows in the wooden house.C. The views remind us that we are in a wooden house.D. The lakes outside the windows are quite different in color.42. By mentioning the names of the trees, the author aims to show that ______ .A. the kids like playing in treesB. the kids are very familiar with treesC. the kids have learned much knowledgeD. the kids find trees useful learning tools43. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?A. The change of seasons is easily felt.B. The seasons make the scenes change.C. The weather often changes in the forest.D. The door is a good position to enjoy changing seasons.44. What is the main purpose of the author writing the text?A. To describe the beauty of the scene around the house.B. To introduce her children’s happy life in the forest.C. To show that living in the forest is healthful.D. To share the joy of living in the nature.BHere is your best chance to travel around the UK in 2012: More than 200 B&Bs（bed & breakfast）across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are selected to offer you amazing services for your stay at their lowest prices! Don’t miss it. Just collect the vouchers（活动券）in our B&B Daily printed from 01/04/2012 to 07/04/2012 and book the stays for your travel following the terms and conditions below:The offer includes a room for the night and a breakfast the next morning.The offer is of two kinds: ￡20 per room, valid（有效的）during stay period of 02/04/2012—31/05/2012 and then again 01/09/2012—31/10/2012；￡35 per room, per night, valid during stay period of 01/06/2012—31/08/2012.The offer is valid for a basic twin or double room only.The stay must be booked directly with the chosen B&Bs before 28/04/2012.Each voucher can only be used by the holder to book one room for one night.If voucher holders book either the ￡20 or ￡35 per room per night, any additional services such as lunch,evening meal or activities may require an extra charge. But these are not required in order to take up the offer. Please check directly with your chosen B&Bs to see what extra services are available.Vouchers must be presented on arrival. If no vouchers are presented, the B&Bs may reserve（保留）the right to charge at full price for every night of stay.Vouchers may not be used together with any other offer.The voucher holders must pay for the stay in full at the time of booking. Additional ￡10 may be paid to confirm（确认）the booking and will be returned on arrival.The B&Bs reserve the right to refuse voucher holders’ bookings for people under the age of 18.45. The voucher can be used for a stay at the chosen B&B on ______.A. 09/01/2012B. 04/02/2012C. 01/03/2012D. 28/04/201246. How much should be paid for a two-night stay in October 2012 at a chosen B&B?A. ￡70B. ￡40C. ￡35D. ￡3047. What right do the B&Bs reserve?A. To charge extra ￡10 for bookings with no vouchers.B. To refuse bookings for guest under the age of 18.C. To charge at full price for stays not confirmed.D. To request extra charges as tips.48. By taking up the offer, the voucher holders can choose to ______ .A. book either a basic twin or double room at the chosen B&BsB. have lunch or evening meal without paying extra moneyC. use the B&B offer together with other offersD. book the stays though B&B DailyCI left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no sense of what I wanted to do. Over the next six years, I was treading water, just trying to earn an income. I tried journalism, but I didn’t think I was any good, then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job as a rights assistant at a famous publisher. I loved working with books, although the job that I did was dull.I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to writea novel. Attending a Novel Writing MA course gave me the structure I needed to write my first 55,000 words.It takes confidence to make a new start —there’s a dark period in-between where you’re neither one thing nor the other. You’re out for dinner and people ask what you do, and you’re too ashamed to say, “Well, I’m writing a navel, but I’m not quite sure if I’m going to get there.” My confidence dived. Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside.Then I met an agent（代理商）who said I should send my novel out to agents. So, I did and, to my surprise, got some wonderful feedback. I felt a little hope that I might actually become a published writer and, after signing with an agent, I finished the second half of the novel.The next problem was finding a publisher. After two-and-a-half years of no income, just waiting and wondering, a publisher offered me a book deal — that publisher turned out to be the one I once worked for.It feels like an unbelievable stroke of luck — of fate, really. When you set out to do something different, there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract（合同）of the publisher — to be a published writer — is unbelievably rewarding（有回报的）.49. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?A. I was waiting for good fortune.B. I was trying to find an admirable job.C. I was being aimless about a suitable job.D. I was doing several jobs for more pay at a time.50. The author decided to write a novel ______ .A. to finish the writing courseB. to realize her own dreamC. to satisfy readers’ wishD. to earn more money51. How did the writer feel halfway with the novel?A. Disturbed.B. Ashamed.C. Confident.D. Uncertain.52. What does the author mainly want to tell readers in the last paragraph?A. It pays to stick to one’s goal.B. Hard work can lead to success.C. She feels like being unexpectedly lucky.D. There is no end in sight when starting to do something.DIn a recent announcement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide.Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online through a new $60 million program, known as edX. “Anyone with an Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online courses,” Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the plan.MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials from more than 2,000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who complete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a similar program.The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform.MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120,000 people signed up for the first MITx course. She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open-source edX platform.“Fasten your seatbelts,” Hockfield said.Other universities, including Stanford, Yale and Carnegie-Mellon, have been experimenting with teaching to a global population online.The Harvard-MIT program will be monitored by a not-for-profit（非盈利的）organization based in Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided $30 million to start the program. They also plan to use the edX platform to research how students learn and which teaching methods and tools are most successful.53. According to this text, edX is _______.A. a part of the free MIT OpenCourseWareB. a free computer program by MIT and HarvardC. a Harvard-MIT platform of free online coursesD. a free program online for universities worldwide54. What is said about online education in the text?A. Universities have been trying online courses.B. About 2,000 online courses have been offered.C. Over 100 million people have finished courses online.D. Stanford and Yale together have courses similar to edX.55. The underlined part in the text probably means “”.A. Get ready for the difficultiesB. Get ready for this educational changeC. Get prepared to complete the online coursesD. Get prepared to make materials for the edX courses56. What can be said about MITx according to the text?A. It is first offered as part of the edX learning program.B. It is another free MIT-Harvard online learning program.C. It is a standard to recognize online learners’ achievement.D. It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT.EPlants are flowering faster than scientists predicted（预测）in reaction to climate change, which could have long damaging effects on food chains and ecosystems.Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world, changing some living patterns, scientists say.Increased carbon dioxide（CO2）in the air from burning coal and oil can have an effect on how plants produce oxygen, while higher temperatures and changeable rainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth.“Predicting species’ reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology,” said the researches of several U.S. universities. They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.The study, published on the Nature website, uses the findings from plant life cycle studies and experiments across four continents and 1,634 species. It found that some experiments had underestimated （低估）the speed of flowering by 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.“Across all species, the experiments under-predicted the speed of the advance — for both leafing and flowering —that results from temperature increases,” the study said.The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plants will react to climate change, it said.Plants are necessary for life on the Earth. They are the base of the food chain, using photosynthesis（光合作用）to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water. They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.Scientists believe the world’s average temperature has risen by about 0.8℃ since 1900, and nearly 0.2℃every ten years since 1979.So far, efforts to cut emissions（排放）of planet-warming greenhouse gases are not seen as enough to prevent the Earth heating up beyond 2℃ this century — a point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are common, leading to drought, floods, crop failures and rising sea levels.57. What is the key information the author wants to give in Paragraph 1?A. Plants’ reaction to weather could have damaging effects on ecosystem.B. The increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists’ expectation.C. Climate change leads to the change of food production patterns.D. Food chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.58. We can learn from the study published on the Nature website that ______.A. plants’ flowering is 8.5 times faster than leafingB. there are 1,634 plant species on the four continentsC. scientists should improve the design of the experimentsD. the experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change59. Scientists pay special attention to the study of plants because _______.A. they can prove the climate change clearlyB. they are very important in the food chainsC. they play a leading role in reducing global warmingD. they are growing and flowering much faster than before60. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs about the world’s temperatu re?A. It has risen nearly 0.2℃ since 1979.B. Its change will lead to weather extremes.C. It is 0.8℃ higher in 1979 than that of 1990.D. It needs to be controlled within 2℃ in this century.第二节根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(四川卷)解析版.

第Ⅰ卷（选择题共100分）第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节语法和词汇知识（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1. —Excuse me. How much is the shirt?— _______.A. Extra LargeB. 50 eachC. It sells wellD. Altogether there are 51.【答案与解析】B 本题考查交际用语。

句意为“打扰一下，这衬衫多少钱？”“______。

”A意为“超大号”，B意为“每件50”C意为“它很畅销”，D意为“总共有5（件）”。

根据语境，故选B。

2. New technologies have made ____ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A. thatB. thisC. oneD. it3.—Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.—Sure. ______.A. I didB. I doC. I shallD. I will3.【答案与解析】D 本题考查交际用语。

根据上句“再见，约翰。

（欢迎）找个时间再来。

”而选D，意为：我会的，我愿意。

4. At school, some students are active ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.A. whileB. althoughC. soD. as5. This is not my story, nor ______ the whole story. My story plays out differently.A. is thereB. there isC. is itD. it is5.【答案与解析】C 本题考查倒装句。

2012年四川高考英语试题及答案word版

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（四川卷）英语第一部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节语法和词汇知识（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）1.---Excuse me. How much is the shirt?--- .A.Extra LargeB. 50 eachC. It sells wellD. Altogether there are 52.New technologies have made possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A.thatB. thisC. oneD. it3.--- Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.---Sure. .A.I didB. I doC. I shallD. I will4.At school, some students are active some are shy, yet they can be good friends with oneanother.A.whileB. althoughC. soD. as5.This is not my story, nor the whole story. My story plays out differently.A.is thereB. there isC. is itD. it is6.Tom took a taxi to the airport, only his plane high up in the sky.A.findingB. to findC. being foundD. to have found7.The hotel is almost finished, but it needs one or two weeks to get ready for guests.A.onlyB. alsoC. evenD. still8.I looked up and noticed a snake its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.A.to windB. windC. windingD. wound9.--- Did you catch what I said?--- Sorry. I a text message just now.A.had answeredB. have answeredC. would answerD. was answering10. If you happen to get lost in th e wild, you‟d better stay you are and wait for help.A. whyB. whereC. whoD. what11. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house .A.is being rebuiltB. has been rebuiltC. is rebuiltD. has rebuilt12. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car .A. washedB. washC. washingD. to wash13. In our class there are 46 students, half wear glasses.A. in whomB. in themC. of whomD. of them14. This training program can give you a lift at work, increase your income by 40%.A. as well asB. so long asC. so much asD. as soon as15. He will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. It‟s just a matter of .A. luckB. valueC. timeD. fact16. I make $2, 000 a week. 60 surely won‟t make difference to me.A. that a bigB. a that bigC. big a thatD. that big a17. Scientists study human brains work to make computers.A. whenB. howC. thatD. whether18. We are said to be living in Information Age, time of new discoveries and great changes.A. an; theB. 不填; theC. 不填；aD. the; a19. I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao”, just a s I__do in China.A.mustB. mightC. canD. should20. It‟s surprising that your brother Russian so quickly--- he hasn‟t live there very long.A. picked upB. looked upC. put upD. made up第二节，完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Lightning flashed th rough the darkness over Sibson‟ bedroom skylight（天窗）. Sibson was shaken by a clap of thunder 21 he knew what was happening. The storm had moved directly 22 his two-story wooden house. Then he heard the smoke alarm beeping.Sibson rushed down the stairs barefoot to 23 ; he opened the door to the basement（地下室）, and flames 24 out. Sibson ran back upstairs to call 911 from his bedroom. “I felt 25 because the room had a separate outdoor stairway, ” he explains.But the phone didn‟t work, and when he tried to go down the outdoor stairway, he was 26 by a wall of flames. Sibson realized he was trapped（困住）.Sibson‟s house was three kilometers 27 the main road and was so well hidden by trees that he knew calling for help would be 28 .Up a hill nearby lived Sibson‟s neighbor, Huggons. He was lying in bed when something like a smoke alarm 29 his ears. He jumped out bed took his 30 and flashlight, and headed down the hillside toward the 31 .That was when he saw the rolling heavy smoke.Huggons dialed 911, and the operator warned him not to 32 the house. But Huggons said, “There is no way I am going to listen to Sibson 33 and die in that fire.”“Anyone there?” Huggons called out. Then he heard “Help! I‟m trapped!” comin g from the second floor balcony（阳台）. He entered the house, but soon had to run back to catch his 34 .After one more 35 inside the house, Huggons gave up and 36 around back.The wind parted the smoke just 37 for him to catch sight of Sibson. But there was no way to get to him. He 38 the flashlight into the woods and noticed a ladder. He took it over to the balcony and 39 Sibson down just as the second floor of the house fell off.Sibson is still 40 when he tells the story, “I was alone that night,” he says. “Then I heard the most beautiful sound in my life. It was Huggons.”21. A. before B. while C. since D. until22. A. on B. in C. through D. over23. A. hide B. wait C. check D. escape24. A. moved B. gave C. went D. exploded25. A. safe B. worried C. glad D. tired26. A. burned B. stopped C. shocked D. covered27. A. beside B. off C. across D. along28. A. limited B. false C. fruitless D. regretful29. A. struck B. missed C. touched D. passed30. A. coat B. key C. basin D. phone31. A. noise B. road C. smoke D. danger32. A. search B. enter C. leave D. damage33. A. call B. roll C. scream D. sigh34. A. breath B. attention C. ladder D. flashlight35. A. stay B. chance C. thought D. attempt36. A. climbed B. circled C. looked D. jumped37. A. clear B. open C. enough D. fit38. A. led B. put C. drove D. shone39. A. persuaded B. kicked C. pulled D. forced40. A. nervous B. surprised C. proud D. thankful第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）AOn a hill 600 feet above the surrounding land, we watch the lines of rain move across the scene, the moon rise over the hills, and the stars appear in the sky. The views invite a long look from a comfortable chair in front of the wooden house.Every window in our wooden house has a view, and the forest and lakes seldom look the same as the hour before. Each look reminds us where we are.There is space for our three boys to play outside, to shoot arrows, collect tree seeds, build earth houses and climb trees.Our kids have learned the names of the trees, and with the names have come familiarity and appreciation. As they tell all who show even a passing interest, maple makes the best fighting sticks and white pines are the best climbing trees.The air is clean and fresh. The water from the well has a pleasant taste, and it is perhaps the healthiest water our kids will ever drink. Though they have one glass a day of juice and the rest is water, they never say anything against that.The seasons change just outside the door. We watch maples turn every shade of yellow and red in the fall and note the poplars‟ putting out the first green leaves of spring. The rainbow smelt fills the local stream as the ice gradually disappears, and the wood frogs start to sing in pools after being frozen for the winter. A family of bird rules our skies and flies over the lake.41. What can be learned from Paragraph 2?A. The scenes are colorful and changeable.B. There are many windows in the wooden house.C. The views remind us that we are in a wooden house.D. The lakes outside the windows are quite different in color.42. By mentioning the names of the trees, the author aims to show that .A. the kids like playing in treesB. the kids are very familiar with treesC. the kids have learned much knowledgeD. the kids find trees useful learning tools43. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?A. The change of seasons is easily felt.B. The seasons make the scenes change.C. The weather often changes in the forest.D. The door is a good position to enjoy changing seasons.44. What is the main purpose of the author writing the text?A. To describe the beauty of the scene around the house.B. To introduce her childr en‟s happy life in the forest.C. To show that living in the forest is healthful.D. To share the joy of living in the nature.BHere is your best chance to travel around the UK in 2012: More than 200 B&Bs (bed & breakfast) across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are selected to offer you amazing services for your stay at their lowest prices! Don‟t miss it. Just collect the vouchers（活动券）in our B&B Daily printed from 01/ 04/ 2012 to 07/ 04/ 2012 and book the stays for your travel following the terms and conditions below:●The offer includes a room for the night and a breakfast the next morning.●The offer is of two kinds: £20 per room, per night, valid（有效的）during stay period of 02/04/ 2012--- 31/ 05/ 2012 and then again 01/ 08/ 2012--- 31/ 10/ 2012; £35 per room, per night, valid during stay period of 01/ 06/ 2012 --- 31/ 08/ 2012.●The offer is valid for a basic twin or double room only.●The stay must be booked directly with the chosen B&Bs before 28/ 04/ 2012.●Each voucher can only be used by the holder to book one room for one night.●If voucher holders book either the £20 or £35 per room per night, any additional services suchas lunch, evening meal or activities may require an extra charge. But these are not required in order to take up the offer. Please check directly with your chosen B&Bs to see what extra services are available.●V ouchers must be presented on arrival. If no vouchers are presented, the B&Bs may reserve（保留）the right to charge at full price for every night of stay.●V ouchers may not be used together with any other offer.●The voucher holders must pay for the stay in full at the time of booking. Additional £10 maybe paid to confirm（确认）the booking and will be returned on arrival.●The B&Bs reserve the right to refuse voucher holders‟ bookings for people under the age of18.45. The voucher can be used for a stay at the chosen B&B on .A. 09/ 01/ 2012B. 04/ 02/ 2012C. 01/ 03/ 2012D. 28/ 04/ 201246. How much should be paid for a two-night stay in October 2012 at a chosen B&B?A. £ 70.B. £40.C. £35.D. £30.47. What right do the B&Bs reserve?A. To charge extra £ 10 for booking with no vouchers.B. To refuse bookings for guests under the age of 18.C. To charge at full price for stays not confirmed.D. To request extra charges as tips.48. By taking up the offer, the voucher holders can choose to .A. book either a basic twin or double room at the chosen B&BsB. have lunch or evening meal without paying extra moneyC. use the B&B offer together with other offersD. book the stays through B&B DailyCI left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no sense of what I wanted to do. Over the next six years, I was treading water, just trying to earn an income. I tried journalism, but I didn‟t think I was any good, then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job as a rights assistant at a famous publisher. I loved working with books, although the job that I did was dull.I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. Attending a Novel Writing MA course gave me the structure I needed to write my first 55, 000 words.It takes confidence to make a new start--- there‟s a dark period in-between where you‟re neither one thing nor the other. Y ou‟re out for dinner and people ask what you do, and you‟re too ashamed to say, “Well, I …m writing a novel, but I‟m not quite sure if I‟m going to get there. ” My confidence dived. Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside.Then I met an agent（代理商）who said I should send my novel out to agents. So,I did and, to my surprise, got some wonderful feedback. I felt a little hop that I mightactually become a published writer and, after signing with an agent, I finished thesecond half of the novel.The next problem was finding a publisher. After two-and-a-half years of no income, just waiting and wondering, a publisher offered me a book deal --- that publisher turned out to be the one I once worked for.It feels like an unbelievable stroke of luck--- of fate, really. When you set out to do something different, there‟s no end in sight, so to find myself in a posi tion where I now have my own name on a contract（合同）of the publisher--- to be a published writer --- is unbelievably rewarding（有回报的）.49. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?A. I was waiting for good fortune.B. I was trying to find an admirable job.C. I was being aimless about a suitable job.D. I was doing several jobs for more pay at a time.50. The author decided to write a novel .A. to finish the writing courseB. to realize her own dreamC. to satisfy readers‟ wishD. to earn more money51. How did the writer feel halfway with the novel?A. DisturbedB. Ashamed.C. Confident.D. Uncertain.52. What does the author mainly want to tell readers in the last paragraph?A. It pays to stick to one‟s goal.B. Hard work can lead to success.C. She feels like being unexpectedly lucky.D. There is no end in sight when starting to do something.DIn a recent announcement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide.Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online through a new $60 million program, known as edX. “Anyone with a n Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online courses,” Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the plan.MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials frommore than 2, 000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who complete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a similar program.The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform.MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120, 000 people signed up for the first MITx course. She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open-source edX platform.“Fasten your seatbelts, ” Hockfield said.Other universities, including Stanford, Y ale and Carnegie-Mellon, have been experimenting with teaching to a global population online.The Harvard-MIT program will be monitored by a not-for-profit（非盈利的）organization based in Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided $30 million to start the program. They also plan to use the edX platform to research how students learn and which teaching methods and tools are most successful.53. According to this text, edX is .A. a part of the free MIT OpenCourseWareB. a free computer program by MIT and HarvardC. a Harvard-MIT platform of free online coursesD. a free program online for universities worldwide54. What is said about online education in the text?A. Universities have been trying online courses.B. About 2, 000 online courses have been offered.C. Over 100 million people have finished courses online.D. Stanford and Y ale together have courses similar to edX.55. The underlined part in the text probably means “ ”.A. Get ready for the difficultiesB. Get ready for this educational changeC. Get prepared to complete the online coursesD. Get prepared to make materials for the edX courses56. What can be said about MITx according to the text?A. It is first offered as part of the edX learning program.B. It is another free MIT-Harvard online learning program.C. It is a standard to recognize online learners‟ achievement.D. It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT.EPlants are flowering faster than scientists predicted in reaction to climate change, which could have long damaging effects on food chains and ecosystems.Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world, changing some living patterns, scientists say.Increased carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air from burning coal and oil can have an effect on how plants produce oxygen, while higher temperatures and changeable rainfall patterns can change their patterns of growth.“Predicting species‟ reaction to climate change is a major challenge in ecology, ” said theresearchers of several U. S. universities. They said plants had been the key object of study because their reaction to climate change could have an effect on food chains and ecosystem services.The study, published on the Nature website, uses the findings from plant life cycle studies and experiments across four continents and 1, 634 species. It found that some experiments had underestimated the speed of flowering 8.5 times and leafing by 4 times.“Across all species, the experiments under-predicted the speed of the advance --- for both leafing and flowering --- that results from temperature increases, ” the study said.The design of future experiments may need to be improved to better predict how plats will react to climate change, it said.Plants are necessary for life on the Earth. They are the base of the food chain, using photosynthesis to produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water. They let out oxygen which is needed by nearly every organism on the planet.Scientists believe the world‟s average temperature has risen by about 0.8 ℃ since 1900, and nearly 0.2℃ every ten years since 1979.So far, efforts to cut emissions of planet-warming greenhouse gases are not seen as enough to prevent the Earth heating up beyond 2℃this century --- a point scientists say will bring the danger of a changeable climate in which weather extremes are common, leading to drought, floods, crop failures and rising sea levels.57. What is the key information the author wants to give in Paragraph 1?A. Plants‟ reaction to weather could have damaging effects o n ecosystems.B. The increasing speed of flowering is beyond scientists‟ expectation.C. Climate change leads to the change of food production patterns.D. Food chains have been seriously damaged because of weather.58. We can learn from the study published on the Nature website that .A. plants‟ flowering is 8.5 times faster than leafingB. there are 1, 634 plant species on the four continentsC. scientists should improve the design of the experimentsD. the experiments failed to predict how plants react to climate change59. Scientists pay special attention to the study of plants because .A. they can prove the climate change clearlyB. they are very important in the food chainsC. they play a leading role in reducing global warmingD. they are growing and flowering much faster than before60. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs about the world‟s temperature?A. It has risen nearly 0.2 ℃ since 1979.B. Its change will lead to weather extremes.C. It is 0.8℃ higher in 1979 than that of 1900.D. It needs to be controlled within 2℃ in this century.第二节根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2012年四川省高考文综试卷(政治试题)

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（四川卷）文科综合（政治生活）第一部分选择题（共140分）本部分共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。

24．汽油和汽车是必须组合在一起才能满足人们行车需求的商品。

汽油价格的变动不仅会引起汽油需求量的变动，还会影响消费者对汽车的需求。

假定其他条件不变，不列能够反映油价上涨对汽车需求量影响的是25．近年来，在收入有限的年轻人中流行着“CPW”一词。

CPW=P/N（P为衣物单价，N为着装次数），常被用来徇要购买的着装衣物是否“物有所值”。

在不考虑其他情况下，依据CPW概念，建议购买的衣物是①会连穿几季的普通衣物②婚纱等用于特定场合的衣物③不常穿的名贵时髦服装④耐用常穿价格偏高的牛仔裤A．①② B．③④ C．①④ D．②③26．2011年，中国非金融领域对外投资总额从2006年的176.3亿美元上升到600.7美元，今年一季度达到165.5亿美元，比去年同期增加94.5%；非金融领域外商直接投资总额1160.1亿美元，今年3月外商直接投资比去年同期减少6.4%，已连续5个月减少。

对此，正确的理解是①我国的对外贸易正在趋于平衡②我国利用外资的方式不断创新③我国对外开放水平不断提高④我国的资本国际化不断加快A．①②④ B．①③④ C．②③ D．③④27．观察图8。

图8蕴含的哲学寓意不包括A．顺应发展趋势，转变思维方式B．承认因果联系，增强科学预见C．分清主流支流，辨别事物性质D．尊重客观规律，坚持实事求是28．霍金说：“随着量子力学的发现，我们认识到，由于总存在一定程度的不确定性，不可能去完全精确地预言事件”，“我们的目的只在于套定律，这些定律能使我们在不确定性原理的极限内预言事件。

”对此，正确的理解是A．认识的根本目的在于把握本质和规律B．理性认识能指导人们推动事物的发展C．人们的认识要受到主客观条件的制约D．事物的不确定性否定了世界的可知的29．从2011年9月开始，一场名为“占领华尔街”的民众抗议运动从纽约爆发，随即蔓延全美。

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