辽宁省普通高中学生学业水平测试模拟试题(八)
辽宁省普通高中高二学业水平考试模拟化学试题 解析版
辽宁省普通高中学生学业水平考试模拟试题化学(本试卷分第Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷,满分100分,答题时间50分钟)可能用到的相对原子质量:H:1 C:12 N:14 O:16第Ⅰ卷(选择题共60分)一、选择题(本题包括15小题,每小题4分,共60分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1. 下列自然现象与化学变化无关的是()A. 雷雨肥庄稼B. 植物光合作用C. 形成臭氧层空洞D. 冰雪消融【答案】D【解析】A. 雷雨肥庄稼过程中氮气与氧气反应生成NO,NO与氧气反应生成NO2,NO2溶于水生成硝酸,硝酸最终转化为硝酸盐,属于化学变化,A错误;B. 植物光合作用过程中有新物质生成,属于化学变化,B错误;C. 形成臭氧层空洞过程中臭氧转化为其它物质,有新物质生成,属于化学变化,C错误;D. 冰雪消融中没有新物质生成,属于物理变化,D正确,答案选D。
2. 人的血液中的葡萄糖(简称血糖)的含量,以“mmol/L”表示时,正常值在3.61~6.11 mmol/L 之间。
这种表示血糖指标的物理量是A. 质量分数B. 物质的量浓度C. 摩尔质量D. 溶解度【答案】B【解析】人的血液中的葡萄糖(简称血糖)的含量,以“mmol/L”表示时,表示的是单位体积血液中所含葡萄糖的物质的量,所以这种表示血糖指标的物理量是物质的量浓度,B正确,本题选B.3. 香烟中含有微量的210Po,吸烟者会将210Po直接吸入肺部,危害人体健康。
210Po中的210代表()A. 质子数B. 中子数C. 相对原子质量D. 质量数【答案】D【解析】210Po中的210代表的是Po原子的质量数,D正确,本题选D。
4. 下列各组物质,按化合物、单质、混合物顺序排列的是A. 纯碱、液态氧、碘酒B. 生石灰、单晶硅、熟石灰C. 干冰、铜、氨气D. 空气、氮气、明矾【答案】A【解析】A. 纯碱、液态氧、碘酒分别属于化合物、单质、混合物,A正确; B. 生石灰、单晶硅、熟石灰分别属于化合物、单质、化合物,B不正确;C. 干冰、铜、氨气分别属于化合物、单质、化合物,C不正确;D. 空气、氮气、明矾分别属于混合物、单质、化合物,D不正确。
辽宁省普通高中学生学业水平考试模拟测试
2015年语文试卷(本试卷分Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷,满100分,答题时间90分钟)注意事项:1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 答案一律写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
3.做答I卷答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共40分)一、(满分9分,每小题3分)1.下列各句中,加点的成语使用不恰当的一项是()A.读书是要有点怀疑精神的,不仅不要轻信,还要进行仔细的甄别和思考,这种追根..究底..的精神正是求真的一种表现。
B.近两年来,党中央强力高压反腐,惩处了一批违法违纪的官员,震动了整个官场,清除了积弊,真是大快人心....。
C.小李考虑问题总是出于公心,勇担责任,从不患得患失....,所以在这个有着十年奋斗历程的团队中威望很高。
D.在人们期待已久的新年联欢会上,演员们表演真实自然,装腔作势....,产生了良好的艺术效果,赢得了观众的阵阵掌声。
2.下列各句中,没有语病的一项是()A.经过大家几天来耐心细致的教育,终于使他充分地认识到了自己的缺点及其危害,并下定决心彻底改正。
B.腾讯公司称,除夕当天全国微信红包收发超过10亿个,不过它没有给出整个春节长假的总体数字。
C.上班高峰时段,机动车道上,各种轿车、摩托车、巴士、机动车辆往来穿梭;人行道上,人们行色匆匆,络绎不绝。
D.作为家长,我们要努力提高孩子的兴趣爱好,而不是盲目跟风,让孩子参加各种特长班,剥夺孩子自主选择的权利。
3.依次填入下面横线处的语句,衔接最恰当的一项是()家的首要功能是居住,。
,,;;,而且这种和谐具有亲缘性、情感性、文化性。
①但“宜居”在城市功能的各层次中,只是基础②提出建设花园城市、保护历史文化名城等诸多主张③居住可以区分为三个层级:宜居、利居、乐居④只有“乐居”,人与环境的关系才不是对立的,而是和谐的⑤而“利居”仍然没有摆脱将环境当作资源的观念⑥当前各地都在创建人类的宜居环境A.⑥③①⑤④② B.⑥③②⑤①④ C.③⑥⑤①④② D.③⑥②①⑤④二、(满分15分,每小题3分)4.下列文言句子的翻译,不正确的一项是A.距关,毋内诸侯,秦地可尽王也。
2023年辽宁高中学业水平合格性考试数学模拟试卷试题(含答案详解)
2023年辽宁省普通高中学生学业水平考试沈阳市模拟试卷(一)数学第Ⅰ卷选择题(共36分)一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题3分,共36分.在每小愿给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.已知集合{1,0,1,2}M =-,{2,1,0,2,3}N =--,则M N ⋂=()A .{1,0}-B .{1,0,2}-C .{0,2}D .{2,1,0,1,2,3}--2.7πcos 4⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭()A .0B .12-C .2D .13.下列函数为奇函数的是()A .2x y x=-B .2ln ||y x x =+C .y D .1||y x =4.已知数学考试中,李伟成绩高于80分的概率为0.25,不低于60分且不高于80分的概率为0.5,则李伟不低于60分的概率为()A .14B .12C .23D .345.在ABC 中,A ∠,B ∠,C ∠所对的边分别为a ,b ,c ,其中4a =,6c =,12cos 13A =,则sin C =()A .13B .1526C .513D .266.已知tan 2α=,tan 3β=,则tan(2)αβ+的值为()A .1-B .1C .13-D .137.过棱长为2的正方体的三个顶点作一截面,此截面恰好切去一个三棱锥,则该正方体剩余几何体的体积为()A .4B .6C .203D .1638.已知函数2()243f x x x =-+,则()f x 在[1,1]-上的最大值为()A .9B .8C .3D .1-9.如图,D 是AB 上靠近B 的四等分点,E 是AC 上靠近A 的四等分点,F 是DE 的中点,设AB a =,AC b = ,则AF = ()A .344a b -B .344a b +C .388a b +D .388a b -10.已知函数()2sin 14f x x π⎛⎫=++ ⎪⎝⎭的最大值和最小值分别为()A .3,1B .3,1-C .3-,1-D .3-,111.已知(12i)(3i)z =+-,则1z对应的点在()A .第一象限B .第二象限C .第三象限D .第四象限12.已知函数(),1ln 1,1a x x f x x x -<⎧=⎨-≥⎩有两个零点,则实数a 的取值范围是()A .1a <B .1a ≤C .1a >D .1a ≥第Ⅱ卷非选择题(共64分)二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题3分,共12分,要求直接写出答案,不必写出计算过程或推证过程.13.已知平面向量(2,1)a y =- ,(2,3)b = ,若a b ⊥,则实数y 的值为______.14.某学校共有教职员工800人,其中不超过45岁的有x 人,超过45岁的有320人.为了调查他们的健康状况,用分层抽样的方法从全体教职员工中抽取一个容量为50的样本,应抽取超过45岁的教职员工20人,抽取的不超过45岁的救职员工y 人,则x y +=______人.15.已知函数2()1x f x a -=+(0a >且1a ≠)的图象过定点P ,则点P 的坐标为_______.16.已知,a b +∈R ,且4a b +=,则4ab 的最大值为______.三、解答题:本大题共5小题,共52分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.17.已知函数()2cos2)1f x x x =++.(1)求函数()f x 的最小正周期;(2)求函数()f x 的最大值及相应自变量x 的值.18.为了调查学生在一学期内参加物理实验的情况,从某校随机抽取100名学生,经统计得到他们参加物理实验的次数均在区间[5,30]内,其数据分组依次为:[5,10),[10,15),[15,20),[20,25),[25,30).若0.1a =.(1)求这100名学生中,物理实验次数在[10,15)内的人数;(2)估计该校学生在一学期内参加物理实验的次数在15次到20次之间的概率.19.已知在四棱锥E ABCD -中,⊥AE 底面ABCD ,且底面ABCD 是正方形,F 、G 分别为AE 和CE 的中点.(1)求证://FG 平面ABCD ;(2)求证:BD CE ⊥.20.已知点O A M B ,,,为平面上四点,且向量(1)OM OB OA λλ=+-(R λ∈,0λ≠且1λ≠).(1)问:M 点在三角形OAB 的哪条边所在的直线上?(2)若2λ=,求OAMOABS S 的值.21.设a ∈R ,函数231()31x xa f x +-=+.(1)求a 的值,使得()f x 为奇函数;(2)求证:a 231()31x x a f x +-=+在R 上单调递减.1.B 【分析】直接利用交集的概念得答案.【详解】集合{1,0,1,2}M =-,{2,1,0,2,3}N =--,{1,0,2}M N -∴= .故选:B.2.C 【分析】利用诱导公式将角变为锐角计算即可.【详解】7πcos cos 2πcos cos 44442πππ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-=-== ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭.故选:C.3.A 【分析】求出各个选项中函数定义域,然后利用奇偶性的定义逐一判断.【详解】对于A :()2x f x x x=-=-的定义域为()(),00,∞-+∞U ,且()()f x x f x -==-,符合;对于B :()2ln ||f x x x =+的定义域为()(),00,∞-+∞U ,且()()()22ln ||ln ||f x x f x x x x -=-=+=+-,为偶函数,不符合;对于C :()f x =R ,且()()f x f x -===,为偶函数,不符合;对于D :()1||f x x =的定义域为()(),00,∞-+∞U ,且()()11||f x f x x x -===-,为偶函数,不符合;故选:A.4.D 【分析】利用互斥事件的加法公式即可;解:记事件A :李伟成绩高于80分,B :李伟成绩不低于60分且不高于80分,所以,A 与B 互斥,且()0.25P A =,()0.5P B =.因为“李伟成绩不低于60分”可表示为A B +,所以,由A 与B 互斥可知()()()0.250.50.75P A B P P A B +=++==.故选:D 5.B 【分析】直接利用正弦定理可求解.【详解】12cos 13A =,π0,2A ⎛⎫∴∈ ⎪⎝⎭,5sin 13A ∴===,由正弦定理sin sin a cA C=得,56sin 1513sin 426c A C a⨯∴===.故选:B.6.D 【分析】先利用二倍角的正切公式求出tan 2α,再利用两角和的正切公式求tan(2)αβ+.【详解】tan 2α= 22tan 44tan 21tan 143ααα∴===---,43tan 2tan 13tan(2)41tan 2tan 3133αβαβαβ-++∴+===-⎛⎫--⨯ ⎪⎝⎭.故选:D.7.C截去的三棱锥的底面是直角边为2的等腰直角三角形,高为2,求出三棱锥和正方体的体积,作差可得.【详解】截去的三棱锥的底面是直角边为2的等腰直角三角形,高为2,三棱锥的体积为1114222,323V =⨯⨯⨯⨯=正方体的体积为28V =,则该正方体剩余几何体的体积为214208.33V V V =-=-=故选:C 8.A 【分析】先通过对称轴确定单调性,进一步可求最大值.【详解】函数2()243f x x x =-+的对称轴为1x =,所以函数2()243f x x x =-+在[1,1]-上单调递减,()max ()12439f x f =-=++=.故选:A.9.C 【分析】根据平面向量基本定理,结合向量线性运算求解即可.【详解】因为D 是AB 上靠近B 的四等分点,E 是AC 上靠近A 的四等分点,F 是DE 的中点,所以1113113132224248888a bAF AD AE AB AC AB AC =+=⨯+⨯=+=+.故选:C.10.B 【分析】利用正弦函数的性质即可得结果.【详解】对于()2sin 14f x x π⎛⎫=++ ⎪⎝⎭当π2π,Z 42x k k π+=+∈,即π2π,Z 4x k k =+∈时,函数取最大值,且最大值为3;当π2π,Z 42x k k π+=-+∈,即3π2π,Z 4x k k =-+∈时,函数取最小值,且最小值为1-;故选:B.11.D 【分析】求出1z的代数形式,进而可得其在复平面对应的点所在位置.【详解】(12i)(3i)55i z =+-=+,()()1155i 11i 55i 55i 55i 1010z -∴===-++-,1z 在复平面对应的点为11,1010骣琪-琪桫,在第四象限.故选:D.12.A 【分析】通过计算分段函数每一段的零点情况可得答案.【详解】令ln 10x -=,得e 1x =≥,所以e 是函数()f x 的一个零点,又函数(),1ln 1,1a x x f x x x -<⎧=⎨-≥⎩有两个零点,0a x ∴-=在(),1-∞上有解,1a ∴<.故选:A.13.34##0.75【分析】直接由a b ⊥得到0a b ⋅= ,代入坐标计算即可.【详解】由已知平面向量(2,1)a y =- ,(2,3)b = ,a b ⊥,22130a b y ∴⋅=-⨯+⨯=,解得34y =.故答案为:34.14.510【分析】直接根据条件列方程求解.【详解】根据条件学校共有教职员工800人,抽取一个容量为50的样本,3208002050x y +=⎧∴⎨+=⎩,解得48030x y =⎧⎨=⎩,510x y ∴+=.故答案为:510.15.(2,2).【分析】令2x =,可得22(2)12f a -=+=,即可求解,得到答案.【详解】由题意,令2x =,可得22()12f x a -=+=,所以函数2(2)1x f a -=+(0a >且1a ≠)的图象过定点(2,2)P .【点睛】本题主要考查了指数函数的过定点问题,其中解答中根据函数的解析式,合理赋值求解是解答的关键,着重考查了推理与运算能力,属于基础题.16.16【分析】直接利用基本不等式求最值即可.【详解】,a b +∈R ,且4a b +=,244162a b ab +⎛⎫∴≤⨯= ⎪⎝⎭,当且仅当2a b ==时等号成立,故答案为:16.17.(1)πT =(2)当ππ,Z 8x k k =+∈时,()f x 最大值2【分析】(1)通过辅助角公式将函数变形为()sin y A x B ωϕ=++的形式,再用周期公式求解即可;(2)利用正弦函数的性质求解最值.【详解】(1)π()(sin 2cos 2)1sin 2124f x x x x ⎛⎫=++=++ ⎪⎝⎭ ,∴函数()f x 的最小正周期2ππ2T ==;(2)当ππ22π,Z 42x k k +=+∈,即ππ,Z 8x k k =+∈时,函数()f x 取最大值,且最大值为2.18.(1)50(2)0.3【分析】(1)直接根据频率计算人数即可;(2)根据频率的和为1列方程求出b 即可.【详解】(1)这100名学生中,物理实验次数在[10,15)内的人数为1000.1550⨯⨯=;(2)由图可得()0.0040.0060.030.151b ++++⨯=,得0.06b =,将频率直接当概率,所以估计该校学生在一学期内参加物理实验的次数在15次到20次之间的概率为50.3b =.19.(1)证明见解析(2)证明见解析【分析】(1)连接AC ,通过证明//FG AC ,利用线面垂直的判定可得答;(2)通过证明BD ⊥面ACE 可得答案.【详解】(1)连接AC ,由已知F 、G 分别为AE 和CE 的中点,//FG AC ∴,又FG ⊄面ABCD ,AC ⊂面ABCD ,//FG ∴平面ABCD ;(2) 底面ABCD 是正方形,BD AC ∴⊥,又⊥AE 底面ABCD ,BD ⊂面ABCD ,BD AE ∴⊥,,AE AC A AE =⊂ 面ACE ,AC ⊂面ACE ,BD ∴⊥面ACE ,又CE ⊂面ACE ,BD CE ∴⊥.20.(1)M 点在三角形OAB 的AB 边所在的直线上(2)2【分析】(1)根据向量共线定理得,,A B M 三点共线,进而得答案;(2)由题知2AB AM =,再根据面积公式计算即可.【详解】(1)解:因为向量(1)OM OB OA λλ=+- (R λ∈,0λ≠且1λ≠),所以()OM OA OB OA λ=-- ,即AM AB λ= ,(R λ∈,0λ≠且1λ≠),所以AM ,AB 共线,因为AM ,AB 有公共点A ,所以,,,A B M 三点共线,即M 点在三角形OAB 的AB 边所在的直线上.(2)解:结合(1)得,当2λ=时,2AM AB = ,即B 为AM 的中点,所以,2AB AM =,设点O 到直线AB 的距离为d ,所以12212OAM OAB AM d AM S S AB AB d ⋅⋅===⋅⋅ 21.(1)0a =时,()f x 为奇函数(2)证明见解析.【分析】(1)结合指数运算,根据()()0f x f x -+=求解即可;(2)根据单调性的定义证明即可.【详解】(1)解:函数()f x 的定义域为R ,当()f x 为奇函数时,()()f x f x -=-,即()()0f x f x -+=因为()()22113313131x x x x a a f x --+-+--==++,所以()()()()22211331310313131xx x x x x a a a f x f x +-++--+=+==+++,解得0a =,所以,当0a =时,()f x 为奇函数(2)证明:()2221132312()131313x x x x x a a a f x +-+--===+++++,设12,R x x ∀∈且12x x <,()()()()()()211212122222212233222211313131313131x xx x x x x x a a a a a f x f x --⎛⎫----+-+=-= ⎪+⎝-+=++++⎭,因为a >12x x <,所以220a ->,2121033,33x x x x >>-,2110,1033x x +>+>,所以()()()()()()211212223303131xx x x f f a x x --=->++,即()()12f x f x >,所以,a 231()31x x a f x +-=+在R 上单调递减.。
辽宁省普通高中物理学业水平考试模拟试题
2018年大连市普通高中学生学业水平考试模拟试卷物 理注意事项:1.请在答题纸上作答,在试卷上作答无效。
2.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共100分,考试时间50分钟。
题 号第Ⅰ卷第Ⅱ卷 总 分一二 三 四 分 数第Ⅰ卷 选择题 (共48分)一、选择题(本大题包括12小题,每小题4分,共48分。
每道小题有四个选项,只有一个选项是正确的)1.2018年2月22日晚在平昌冬奥会短道速滑500米决赛中,中国选手武大靖为中国队赢得本届冬奥会的第一枚金牌。
请问他到达终点时的速度是指 ( )A . 瞬时速度B .平均速度C .平均速率D .加速度2.下列所给的图象中能反映物体做匀变速直线运动的是 ( )3.下列名称不是..基本相互作用的是 ( ) A .万有引力 B .摩擦力 C .强相互作用 D .弱相互作用4.把A 、B 两个弹簧测力计连接在一起,B 的一端固定,用手沿水平方向拉测力计 A ,测力计B 受到A 的拉力为F ,测力计A 受到B 的拉力为F ',则 ( )A .F 与F '大小相等B .F 的方向水平向左C .F '的方向水平向右D .F '作用在测力计B 上5.如图所示,一个重50N 的物体置于光滑的水平面上,当用一个F =20N 的力竖直向上拉物体时,下列说法正确的是 ( )A .物体所受的合力为0B .物体所受的合力为30N ,方向竖直向上C .拉力与重力是一对平衡力D .拉力与物体对桌面的压力是一对作用力与反作用力AB t/s v/m·s −1 v/m·s −1 1 2 A BC OD −2 2 t/s O 2 t/s x/m −2 x/m 1 2 O 2 t/s O 2 t/s6.质量为1kg 的铅球从距离地面10 m 做自由落体运动(210m/s g ),下列说法正确的是 ( )A .铅球完全失重,惯性越来越小B .铅球完全失重,惯性越来越大C .下落1s 时刻的瞬时功率为50WD .下落1s 时刻的瞬时功率为100W7.如图所示,一圆筒绕其中心轴匀速转动,圆筒内壁上紧靠着一个物体与圆筒一起 运动,相对筒无滑动,物体所受向心力是 ( )A .物体的重力B .筒壁对物体的弹力C .筒壁对物体的静摩擦力D .物体所受重力与弹力的合力8.如图所示,小球被轻质细线竖直悬挂,悬线的拉力为T 。
2022年辽宁省普通高中学生学业水平模拟考试物理试题 Word版含答案
2022年辽宁省一般高中同学学业水平考试物理试卷(本试卷分I、II两卷,满分100分,答题时间50分钟)第I卷选择题一、选择题:(本大题共12小题,每小题4分,共48分,在每小题给出的四个选项,只有一项是正确的)1.下列选项与牛顿等价的是()A.焦/秒 B.焦/米 C.克·米/秒2 D.千克·米/秒22.在争辩摩擦力的试验中,每次用弹簧秤水平拉一放在水平桌面上的木块,木块运动状态及弹簧秤的读数如下表所示(每次木块与桌面的接触面相同)则由表可知()A.木块受到的最大摩擦力可能为 0.6NB.木块受到的最大静摩擦力肯定为 0.6NC.在这五次试验中,木块受到的摩擦力大小均不相同D.在这五次试验中,木块受到的摩擦力大小有两次相同3. 人站在自动扶梯的水平踏板上,随扶梯斜向上匀速运动。
下列说法正确的是()A.人对电梯的压力和电梯对人的支持力二力平衡B.人受到重力、支持力和摩擦力的作用C.人受到重力和支持力的作用D.人受到的合外力方向与速度方向相同4.甲、乙两物体从同一地点向同一方向开头做直线运动,其v-t图象如图所示,下列推断错误..的是()A.在t a时刻两物体速度大小相等,方向相同B.在t a时刻两物体加速度大小相等,方向相反C.在t a时刻之前,乙物体在甲物体前,并且两物体间距离越来越大D.在t a时刻之后,甲物体在乙物体前,并且两物体间距离越来越大5.某时刻,质量为2kg的物体甲受到的合力是6N,速度是10m/s;质量为3kg的物体乙受到的合力是5N,速度是12m/s,则 ( ) A.甲比乙的惯性小 B.甲比乙的惯性大 C.甲和乙的惯性一样大 D.乙的加速度大6.如图所示,一个重60 N的物体置于光滑的水平面上,当用一个20NF 的力竖直向上拉物体时,物体所受的合力为()A.0 B.40N,方向竖直向下C.40N,方向竖直向上 D.80N,方向竖直向上7.据报道,嫦娥二号探月卫星其环月飞行的高度距离月球表面100km,所探测到的有关月球的数据将比环月飞行高度为200km的嫦娥一号更加详实。
08-2024普通高中学业水平考试仿真模拟检测八)(解析版 )
2024年普通高中学业水平考试仿真模拟检测八(时间:90分钟满分:100分)一、语言文字应用(18分。
选择题12分,每小题3分;第5题 6分)1.下列词语中加点字的注音,有错误的一项是 ( )A.渚.清(zhǔ) 雕琢.(zhuó) 接洽.(qià) 撒手人寰.(.huán)B.自诩.(xǔ)慰藉.(jiè) 炫耀.(xuàn) 刨.根究底(páo)C.间.隙(jiān)点缀.(zhuì) 瑰.宝(guī)鲜.为人知(xiān)D.鞭挞.(tà) 轻蔑.(miè) 弯曲.(qū)不落窠.臼(kē)2.下列词语中有错别字的一项是 ( )A.编篡蛰居吊唁蝉连冠军B.袅娜熨帖隽永沧海桑田C.戕害檄文干练锲而不舍D.畏葸挖掘悼念醍醐灌顶3.下列各句中,加点词语能被括号中的词语替换且符合句意的一项是 ( )A.针对个别干部违规驾驶公车发生交通事故的现象,某单位做出副科级以上干部重考驾驶证的决定,这实在是驴唇不对马嘴......。
(名不副实)B.“限塑令”颁布之后,农贸市场的一些摊主对记者打开天窗说亮话.......:为了招徕顾客,我们难以拒绝提供免费塑料购物袋。
(直言不讳)C.学习西方发达国家的管理经验,需要提倡“拿来主义”精神,如果脱离国情,盲目照搬,就有可能画虎不成反类犬.......。
(画蛇添足)D.1977年高考招生制度的恢复,既给下乡知识青年提供了求学上进的机会,也使许多农家子弟有了“鲤鱼跳龙门.....”.的希望。
(脱胎换骨)4.依次填入下面文段横线处的句子,最恰当的一项是 ( )处在同一个时间段和年龄段的人,其精神和状态却有天地之差——有的女子;而有的女子却。
有的男子;而有的男子却,颜微。
何止同龄,不同龄者亦是如此,有的年过八旬,仍是鹤发童颜,声如洪钟;而有的不足三十,却是疲态不振,目光呆痴。
真正的青春在于精神,而不在年龄。
辽宁东北育才高中部2022届高三第八次模拟考试试题 理综 Word版含答案
2021-2022学年度东北育才高中部第八次模拟考试理科综合科试卷命题人、校对人:高三理综合备课组留意事项:1.本卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。
满分300分,考试时间150分钟。
2.答题前考生务必用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息3.作答时,请将答案正确填写在答题卡上。
第一卷每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;第Ⅱ卷请用直径0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。
4.以下数据可供解题时参考:有关元素的相对原子质量是:H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 Al 27P 31 S 32 Cl 35.5 K 39 Ca 40 Br 80 I 127第Ⅰ卷一、选择题(本题包括13小题,每小题6分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求)1.结构与功能相适应是生物学的基本观点,下列有关叙述不正确的是()A.人成熟的红细胞内没有细胞核,利于携带氧气B.性腺细胞中光面内质网发达,利于分泌性激素C.干细胞中核仁明显,利于合成蛋白质D.效应T细胞中溶酶体发达,利于裂解靶细胞2.将红细胞放入等渗的NaCl溶液中,红细胞能保持正常形态;但将红细胞放入等渗的KCl溶液中,红细胞会裂开。
对于这两种现象的解释正确的是()A.KCl会破坏红细胞的细胞膜,导致红细胞裂开;但NaCl不会B.K+会进入红细胞,导致红细胞吸水裂开;但Na+不会C.KCl会使蛋白质变性失活,导致红细胞裂开;但NaCl不会D.KCl会诱导细胞主动吸取水分,导致红细胞裂开;但NaCl不会3. 为了争辩光合作用,某生物小组的同学把菠菜叶磨碎,分别出细胞质基质和全部叶绿体。
然后又把部分叶绿体磨碎分别出叶绿素和叶绿体基质,分别装在A、B、C、D 四支试管内(如图),进行光照,并用碘液检验。
下列不正确的是()A.应用了离心法B.B管溶液不变蓝C.C管溶液不变蓝D.D管不释放氧气4.下列关于生物遗传的描述,正确的是()A.性状转变都是遗传物质转变所致B.性别都由性染色体组成打算C.遗传病患者都有致病基因D.细胞生物的遗传物质都是DNA5.细胞分裂素和脱落酸在调整植物年轻方面具有拮抗作用,前者延缓年轻,而后者促进年轻。
辽宁省抚顺市名校2024届八上数学期末学业水平测试模拟试题含解析
辽宁省抚顺市名校2024届八上数学期末学业水平测试模拟试题考生请注意:1.答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内,不得在试卷上作任何标记。
2.第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后,需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内,第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。
3.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后,请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、选择题(每小题3分,共30分)1.下列尺规作图分别表示:①作一个角的平分线;②作一个角等于已知角;③作一条线段的垂直平分线.其中作法正确的是( )① ② ③A .①②B .①③C .②③D .①②③2.如图,在△ABC 中,点D 在BC 上,AB=AD=DC ,∠B=80°,则∠C 的度数为( )A .30°B .40°C .45°D .60°3.能说明命题“对于任何实数a, 都有a >-a ”是假命题的反例是()A .a=-2B .a 12=C .a=1D .a=24.已知一次函数22y x =--,图象与x 轴、y 轴交点A 、B 点,得出下列说法:①A (10)-,,(02)B -,; ②A 、B 两点的距离为5;③AOB ∆的面积是2;④当0y ≥时,1x ≤-;其中正确的有( )A .1个B .2个C .3个D .4个5.若关于x 的分式方程11m x --=2的解为非负数,则m 的取值范围是( ) A .m >﹣1 B .m ≥1C .m >﹣1且m ≠1D .m ≥﹣1且m ≠1 6.如图,在RtΔABC 中,∠A = 90°,∠ABC 的平分线交AC 于点D ,AD = 3,BC=10,则ΔBDC 的面积是( )A .15B .12C .30D .10 7.下列运算:236(1)⋅=a a a ,()236(2)=a a ,55(3) ÷=a a a ,333(4)()=ab a b 其中结果正确的个数为( ) A .1 B .2 C .3 D .48.若分式211a a --有意义,则a 满足的条件是( ) A .a≠1的实数 B .a 为任意实数 C .a≠1或﹣1的实数 D .a=﹣19.下列各组数中不能作为直角三角形的三边长的是( )A .2,3,5B .3,4,5C .6,8,10D .5,12,1310.将△ABC 各顶点的横坐标都乘以﹣1,纵坐标不变,顺次连接这三个点,得到另一个三角形,下列选项正确的是( ) A . B .C .D .二、填空题(每小题3分,共24分)11.已知三角形三边长分别为2225b a +、2249a b +、22916a b +(a >0,b >0),请借助构造图形并利用勾股定理进行探究,得出此三角形面积为____(用含a 、b 的代数式表示).12.比较大小:_____.(填“>”、“<”或“=”)13.一辆汽车油箱中现存油50L ,汽车每行驶100km 耗油10L ,则油箱剩余油量y ()L 与汽车行驶路程x ()km 之间的关系式是______________.14.如果一个多边形的内角和为1260º,那么从这个多边形的一个顶点引对角线,可以把这个多边形分成_______________个三角形.15.若5mn =,222339m mn n m n +-=+,且3m n ≠-,则22m n +=__________.16.填空:(1)已知,△ABC 中,∠C +∠A =4∠B ,∠C ﹣∠A =40°,则∠A = 度;∠B = 度;∠C = 度; (2)一个多边形的内角和与外角和之和为2160°,则这个多边形是 边形;(3)在如图的平面直角坐标系中,点A (﹣2,4),B (4,2),在x 轴上取一点P ,使点P 到点A 和点B 的距离之和最小.则点P 的坐标是 .17.如图,△ABC 中,∠B 与∠C 的平分线交于点O ,过O 作EF ∥BC 交AB 、AC 于E 、F ,若△ABC 的周长比△AEF 的周长大11cm ,O 到AB 的距离为4cm ,△OBC 的面积_____cm 1.18.已知5+的小数部分为a ,5﹣的小数部分为b ,则a+b=_____.三、解答题(共66分)19.(10分)如图,在ABC ∆中,D 是BC 边上的一点,AB DB =,BE 平分ABC ∠,交AC 边于点E ,连接DE .(1)求证:ABE DBE ∆≅∆;(2)若100A ∠=︒,50C ∠=︒,求AEB ∠的度数.20.(6分)甲、乙两名学生参加数学素质测试(有四项),每项测试成绩采用百分制,成绩如表:学生 数与代数 空间与图形 统计与概率 综合与实践 平均成绩 方差甲87 93 85 91 89 乙 89 96 80 91 33.5 (1)请计算甲的四项成绩的方差和乙的平均成绩;(2)若数与代数、空间与图形、统计与概率、综合与实践的成绩按4:3:2:1计算,哪个学生数学综合素质测试成绩更好?请说明理由.21.(6分)甲、乙两人计划8:00一起从学校出发,乘坐班车去博物馆参观,乙乘坐班车准时出发,但甲临时有事没赶上班车,8:45甲沿相同的路线自行驾车前往,结果比乙早1小时到达.甲、乙两人离学校的距离y (千米)与甲出发时间x (小时)的函数关系如图所示.(1)点A 的实际意义是什么?(2)求甲、乙两人的速度;(3)求OC 和BD 的函数关系式;(4)求学校和博物馆之间的距离.22.(8分)如图为一个广告牌支架的示意图,其中AB=13m ,AD=12m ,BD=5m ,AC=15m ,求图中△ABC 的周长和面积.23.(8分)已知关于x 的一元二次方程22210()k x kx k --++=,若该方程有两个不相等的实数根,求k 的取值范围.24.(8分)如图为一个广告牌支架的示意图,其中AB=13m ,AD=12m ,BD=5m ,AC=15m ,求图中△ABC 面积.25.(10分)为了了解市民“获取新闻的最主要途径”,某市记者开展了一次抽样调查。
辽宁省普通高中学业水平考试模拟试卷 数学8
第 1 页 共 2 页高二数学合格考试综合练习(8)一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题3分,共36分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1、全集U=R, M={x|-1<x<1},N={x|0<x<2)},则C U (M ∩N )为 ( ) A. (-∞, 0) ∪[1,+∞) B. (0,2) C. (0,1] D. (-∞ , -1)2、函数f (x )=x 2-x 0.5的零点个数为( )A .0 个B .1个C .2个D .3个 3、若a >b ,则下列不等式成立的是( )A .1a <1bB .ac 2>bc 2 C. a+c >b+c D. a b > b a4.下列函数中,既是偶函数又在(0,+∞)上单调递减的是( )A .y =-xB .y =cos xC .y =32x D .y =-x25、已知cos α=- 45,α∈⎝⎛⎭⎫π2,π,则cos ⎝⎛⎭⎫α+π4的值为( ) A. -7210 B. -210 C. 210 D. 72106、某企业行政、市场、销售三个部门共有职工150人,其中行政部门15人,市场部门45人,销售部门90人,现抽取30人进行分层抽样,则各部门人数分别为 ( ) A .5,10,15 B .3,9,18 C .3,10,17 D .5,9,16 7.已知△ABC 的三个角∠A ,∠B ,∠C 所对的边分别为a ,b ,c ,其中a=3,b=3,∠A=60°,则∠B 等于( )A .30°B .45°C .60°D .90°8.如图,已知ABCDEF 为正六边形,则+AD 21等于( )A .ADB .AEC .ACD .AF 9.若0a b >>,则下列不等式成立的是( )A 、1122a b < B 、22log log a b < C 、1122ab⎛⎫⎛⎫< ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭D 、22log a b <10.设m ,n 是两条不同的直线,α,β是两个不同的平面.下列命题中正确的是( )A .若α⊥β,m ⊂α,n ⊂β,则m ⊥nB .若α∥β,m ⊂α,n ⊂β,则m ∥nC .若m ⊥n ,m ⊂α,n ⊂β,则α⊥βD .若m ⊥α,m ∥n ,n ∥β,则α⊥β11. 已知()f x 是区间(),-∞+∞上的奇函数,()()12,31,f f =-=则( )A 、()()31f f >-B 、()()31f f <-C 、()()31f f =-D 、()()31f f -与无法比较 12.等边圆柱(轴截面是正方形)、球、正方体的体积相等,它们的表面积的大小关系是( )A .S 球<S 圆柱<S 正方体B .S 正方体<S 球<S 圆柱C .S 圆柱<S 球<S 正方体D .S 球<S 正方体<S 圆柱二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题3分,共12分.13.已知平面向量a r =(-1,t),b r =(1,1),若a b ⊥r r,则实数t 的值是 。
辽宁省学业水平模拟考试化学试题 (Word版,解析版)
普通高中学生学业水平考试模拟试卷化学(本试卷满分100分,答题时间50分钟)注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.答案一律写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。
3.选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 O-16 S-32一、选择题(本题包括20小题,每小题2分,共40分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
)1.分类是学习和研究化学物质及其变化的科学方法之一,下列分类合理的是A. Na2CO3和NaHCO3都属于盐类B. NaOH和Na2O都属于碱C. 白银、黄铜、臭氧都属于单质D. 蔗糖、硫酸、氯化镁都属于电解质【答案】A【解析】【详解】A、Na2CO3属于正盐,NaHCO3属于酸式盐,都属于盐类,故A正确;B、NaOH属于碱,Na2O属于氧化物,不是碱,故B错误;C. 白银、臭氧都属于单质;黄铜是铜合金,属于混合物,故C错误;D. 蔗糖属于非电解质;硫酸、氯化镁属于电解质,故D错误;故选A。
【点睛】本题的易错点为CD,C中要注意黄铜是铜的合金,是铜、锌组成的混合物;D中要注意电解质的概念和物质类别,电解质一般包括酸、碱、盐、水等。
2.化学与生活密切相关。
下列说法不正确的是A. 乙烯可作水果的催熟剂B. 硅胶可作袋装食品的干燥剂C. 生石灰可作食品的抗氧化剂D. 氢氧化铝可作胃酸的中和剂【答案】C【解析】本题考查化学与生活。
详解:乙烯是一种植物生长调节剂,可作水果的催熟剂,A正确;B、硅胶多孔,吸收水分能力强,可作袋装食品的干燥剂,B正确;生石灰与水反应生成氢氧化钙,常用作食品干燥剂,常用Fe粉等还原性物质做抗氧化剂,C错误;氢氧化铝属于两性氢氧化物能与酸反应,可作胃酸的中和剂,D正确。
故选C。
3.下列实验方法正确的是A. 用分液漏斗分离乙酸和乙酸乙酯B. 用品红溶液鉴别SO2和CO2两种气体C. 用Ca(OH)2溶液鉴别Na2CO3溶液和NaHCO3溶液D. 用盛有NaOH溶液的洗气瓶除去CO2中混有的HCl气体【答案】B【解析】试题分析:A,乙酸和乙酸乙酯混溶,无法分离,错误;B.SO2能使品红溶液褪色,可以用品红溶液鉴别SO2和CO2两种气体,正确;C.用Ca(OH)2溶液无法鉴别Na2CO3溶液和NaHCO3溶液,二者均能和用Ca(OH)2反应生成白色沉淀。
辽宁省高考理综-化学八模考试试卷D卷
辽宁省高考理综-化学八模考试试卷D卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、单选题 (共7题;共14分)1. (2分) (2017高二上·浦东期末) 与钢相比,生铁的含碳量()A . 较多B . 较少C . 一样多D . 不能确定2. (2分)下列各组微粒,半径大小比较中错误的是()A . K>K+B . Na+>Mg2+>Al3+C . Na+>F﹣D . Cl﹣>Na+3. (2分) (2016高一下·临渭期末) 等物质的量的下列有机物完全燃烧,消耗O2最多的是()A . CH4B . CH3CH3C . C2H2D . C5H124. (2分) (2018高一下·湖州期中) 镁/H2O2酸性燃料电池采用海水作电解质(加入一定量的酸),下列说法正确的是()A . 正极发生的电极反应为H2O2+2H++2e- = 2H2OB . 电池总反应为Mg+H2O2 = Mg(OH)2C . 工作时,正极周围海水的pH减小D . 电池工作时,溶液中的H+向负极移动5. (2分)下列实验方案合理的是()A . 向苯酚悬浊液中加入少量溴水制取三溴苯酚白色沉淀B . 用高锰酸钾溶液除去乙烯中混有的少量SO2C . 用水鉴别三种无色液体:苯、乙醇、四氯化碳D . 用蒸发的方法分离乙醇(沸点78.5℃)和乙醚(沸点34.5℃)6. (2分) (2016高二上·鄂尔多斯期中) 下列实验能获得成功的是()A . 用溴水可鉴别苯、CCl4、己烯B . 加浓溴水,然后过滤可除去苯中少量己烯C . 苯、溴水、铁粉混合制成溴苯D . 可用分液漏斗分离己烷和苯的混合物7. (2分) (2020高二上·芜湖期末) 关于小苏打溶液的表述错误的是()A . c(Na+)=c(HCO3-)+c(CO32-)+c(H2CO3)B . c(Na+)+c(H+)=c(HCO3-)+2c(CO32-)+c(OH-)C . HCO3-的电离程度小于其水解程度D . c(Na+)>c(HCO3-)>c(OH-)>c(CO32-)>c(H+)二、综合题 (共4题;共29分)8. (6分) (2016高一上·浦东期末) 根据题目要求填空:(1) Mg2+的结构示意图为________;O的电子式为________;H2S的结构式为________.(2)氯化钠的电子式为________,溶于水发生电离的电离方程式为________,向氯化钠溶液中滴入硝酸银时发生反应的离子方程式为________.9. (6分)已知体积为2L的恒容密闭容器中发生反应:2SO2(g)+O2(g)⇌2SO3(g),请根据化学反应的有关原理同答下列问题:(1)一定条件下,充入2mol SO2(g)和2mol O2(g),20s后,测得SO2的体积百分含量为12.5%,则用SO2表示该反应在这20s内的反应速率为________;(2)下面的叙述可作为判断可逆反应达到平衡状态依据的是(填序号)________.①混合气体的密度不变②混合气体的平均相对分子质量不变③v正(SO2)=2v正(O2)④各气体的浓度都不再发生变化(3)图1表示该反应的速率(v)随时间(t)的变化的关系.则下列不同时间段中,SO3的百分含量最高的是________;A、t2→t3B、t0→t1C、t5→t6D、t3→t4据图分析:你认为t3时改变的外界条件可能是________;(4)图2中P是可自由平行滑动的活塞.在相同温度时,向A容器中充入4mol SO3(g),关闭K,向B容器中充入2mol SO3(g),两容器分别发生反应.已知起始时容器A和B的体积均为aL.试回答:①反应达到平衡时容器B的体积为1.2a L,容器B中SO3转化率为________②若打开K,一段时间后重新达到平衡,容器B的体积为________L(连通管中气体体积忽略不计,且不考虑温度的影响).10. (8分)(2018·南阳模拟) 明代宋应星所著《天工开物》中已经记载了我国古代用炉甘石(主要成分ZnCO3)和煤冶锌工艺,锌的主要用途是制造锌合金和作为其他金属的保护层。
辽宁省铁岭市铁岭县莲花第一初级中学2024年中考学业水平考试英语模拟试卷(八)(含解析)
2024年辽宁省初中学业水平考试英语模拟试卷(八)(本试卷共45道题 满分90分 考试时间90分钟)考生注意:所有试题必须在答题卡指定区域内作答,在本试卷上作答无效第一部分 选择题 (共50分)一、阅读理解(共20小题,每小题2分;满分40分)第一节 阅读下面语言材料,从每题所给的A/B/C/D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1. The experiment of making cup phones is designed to show .A. how sound travels through airB. how sound travels through stringC. how to change air into soundD. how to change sound into electricitySound travels inwaves through the air.Did you know thatsound can also travelthrough other things?Engineers use variousmaterials calledmediums to controlhow sound travels. Inthis experiment, you Cup Phones You will need two paper cups, a thumbtack, string and two paper clips.★Use a thumbtack tomake a hole in thebottom of each cup.★Thread the string through the holes in the cups and tie a paper clip to each end of the string. Make sure that the bottoms of the cups are facing each other.★With the help of a friend, pull the string tight so the paper clips are pulled to the bottom of the cups. Take turns speaking into the cup and holding the cup to your ear to listen.The First PhoneIn 1876, Alexander Graham Bellengineered a device. That changedsound waves into electrical patterns.These patterns were sent through wires before being turned back intosound waves. This device becameknown as the telephone.Now try…When you speak, sound waves are received by your partner’s cup through the string. This also works when more than two cups are connected. Make another set of cups, and loop the strings together to make a set of cup phones for four people.2. How many steps do you need to make cup phones?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.3. A thumbtack is used to .A. make a hole in the bottom of each cupB. connect the two cups with the stringC. pull the string tight to make the soundD. tie the string to the bottom of each cup4. It's for four people to do the experiment with four cups each.A. difficultB. important possible D. uncertainBMany traditional Chinese festivals remind us of the special foods. As zongzi are to Dragon Boat Festival and mooncakes are to Mid-Autumn Festival, yuanxiao—sweet dumplings made of sticky rice flour---are special to Lantern Festival.Lantern Festival usually falls on the 15th of the first lunar month, marking the end of the Spring Festival celebrations. Apart from the round-shaped yuanxiao, another beloved part of the celebration is the lanterns, which come in almost every possible size and shape.“Guessing lantern riddles(谜语)” is an essential(必不可少的) part of the festival. Lantern owners write riddles on a piece of paper and post them on the lanterns. If visitors have answers to the riddles, they can pull the paper out and go to the lantern owners to check their answers. If they are right, they will get a little gift. The activity emerged(出现) during people's enjoyment of lanterns in the Song Dynasty(960–1279). As riddle guessing was interesting and full of wisdom, it became popular among all social strata(阶层).Lantern Festival was at its peak in the Tang and Song dynasties. It was a day of great fun at the time. In the evening, people went into the streets with all kinds of lanterns, watching lion or dragon dances, eating yuanxiao and setting off firecrackers.The festival also provided a chance for unmarried young girls to go out freely in search of their true love, since they weren't normally allowed to do so. The famous poet Ouyang Xiu recorded this romantic tradition with the well-known line:“Atop the willow tree hangs the moon;my date comes in the evening soon.”5. Besides eating yuanxiao, is necessary during Lantern Festival.A. setting off fireworksB. guessing riddles on lanternsC. watching dragon dancesD. enjoying beautiful lanterns6. When was the Lantern Festival most popular?A. Tang and Song dynasties.B. Ming and Qing dynasties.C. Qin and Han dynasties.D. Sui and Han dynasties.7. Why did unmarried young girls go out during the festival in ancient times?A. To admire their stars.B. To become a poet.C. To enjoy nice food.D. To search for true love.8. In which part of a magazine can you read this passage?A. Health.B. Sports.C. Culture.D. Travel.CWhen I first started using Chinese websites I was a bit confused(疑惑的) by their design. Popular sites like Taobao and Jingdong are very “busy”---they are covered with dozens of links and flashing banners( 横幅广告). They often include a wide variety of bright colors as well, contrasting(形成对比) with the simple colors of most Western websites.Why are Chinese sites designed this way? Some say that Chinese web design hasn't caught up with the standards of Western web design practices. But I don’t think this quite explains it. Some Chinese sites such as Baidu, are quite clean-looking. You may find the real reasons in the following.A more convincing(令人信服的) theory has to do with the Chinese language. There are no capital letters or spaces in Chinese writing--foreigners who are used to seeing these things might think that Chinese text looks very crowded.Another thing that makes Chinese websites look so busy is the large number of links. Some sites might have hundreds of links on their front page.In addition, there is also a language-related explanation to the phenomenon(现象). It is difficult to type Chinese characters on a Roman alphabet-based keyboard. You have to type out each character using pinyin, which can be inconvenient. So it's easier to just click the link you want instead of typing what you're looking for. Or perhaps it could just be that sometimes people prefer flashy, busy websites. Browsing(浏览) Jingdong is like stepping into a noisy, brightly-lit street market. In this way, Chinese Internet users might feel right at home when using these sites.9. What's the biggest feature of Chinese websites?A. They are not well-designed.B. Most of them look beautiful.C. It's convenient for foreigners to use them.D. They look quite“busy”and“noisy”.10. The underlined word in Paragraph 2“it”refers to .A. the style of Chinese web designB. the standards of web designC. the usage of web design practicesD. the requirements for web design11. According to the writer, why are Chinese sites designed this way?A. Because they haven't caught up with Western standards.B. Because they are based on the use of the Roman alphabet.C. To make them easier to use for Chinese speakers.D. To create a noisy online environment similar to street market.12. The writer mainly wants to tell us .A. how to search for information on Chinese websitesB. what makes the Chinese websites popular with foreignersC. why Chinese websites are designed the way they areD. some differences between Western are Chinese websitesDThere are different opinions about who invented the umbrella. Some people say that the people of ancient Egypt invented it, some say the Romans invented it and some say Luban’s wife invented it in ancient China. There's even an interesting story about its invention in China.Luban was the most famous craftsman(工匠) in ancient China. One day, Luban and his wife were taking a walk and enjoying the beautiful view. Suddenly it began to rain. Both of them were wet when they went back home. Luban's wife said, “If there is something that can protect people from the rain when they are walking outdoors, it will be wonderful.” Then Luban said,“That's easy. I will build many pavilions(亭子).” His wife replied, “That’s a good idea, but it is not convenient.Is it possible to make a movable pavilion, which could always follow the people?”She thought about it all day and night.One day, she saw some kids playing in the rain, and each kid held a big lotus leaf over the head to protect themselves from getting wet. That gave her great inspiration. Then, she made the first umbrella in ancient China.Since the umbrella was invented, it has been part of people's lives in every corner of the world. Right now, there are many kinds of umbrellas, such as beach umbrellas, kid umbrellas and market umbrellas.How many umbrellas are made every year in the world? Maybe millions or even more. One interesting thing is that most umbrellas in the world are made in China. Shangyu in ZhejiangProvince alone has more than 1,000 umbrella factories and it is called“China’s Umbrella City”.13. How is the second paragraph different from the rest of the passage?A. It tells a story.B. It teaches a lesson.C. It gives some advice.D. It describes some problems.14. What does the underlined word“inspiration”mean?A. Advice.B. Encouragement.C. Development.D. Communication.15. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?16. What do we know about Shangyu from the passage?A. It has over 1,000 umbrella factories.B. Most of the world's umbrellas are made there.C. The local people know the story of Laban and his wife well.D. More kinds of umbrellas are made there than in other place in China.第二节阅读短文,从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,其中有一个多余的选项。
2024年辽宁省初中学业水平考试英语模拟试卷( 八)(含答案)
辽宁省初中学业水平考试英语模拟试卷(八)(本试卷共45道题满分90分考试时间90分钟)注意事项:1. 答题前,考生须用0.5mm黑色字迹的签字笔在本试题卷规定位置填写自己的班级、姓名、准考证号;2. 考生须在答题卡上作答,不能在本试题卷上作答,答在本试题卷上无效;3. 考试结束,将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回;4. 本试题卷包括5道大题,45道小题,共8页,如缺页、印刷不清,考生须声明。
第一部分选择题(共50分)一、阅读理解(共20小题,每小题2分;满分40分)第一节阅读下面语言材料,从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
AMetros(地铁) in different citiesMetro BeijingMetro ShanghaiMetroNanjingMetroHarbinMetroTicket price 3 yuan 3 yuan 2 yuan 2 yuan Date of opening Jan.15th,1971 May28th,1993 May15th,2005 Sept.26th,2013 Max.passengervolume/day(日最高客运量)10.5 million 11.8 million 3.4 million 309 thousandNumber19 lines 14 lines 8 lines 2 linesFeature (特点)It's easy to goeverywhere inthe city by metroMetros willincrease rapidlyin 2050Metros go acrossfrom the southto the north.You can take themetro every sixminutes1.Which city has the latest metros?A.BeijingB.Shanghai.C.NanjingD.Harbin.英语模拟试卷(八)第1页(共8页)2.How many people take metros in Shanghai every day?A.10.5 million.B.11.8 million.C.3.4 million.D.309 thousand.3.What is the feature of the metros in Beijing?A.It runs everywhere in the city.B.It will be rebuilt in early 2050.C.It goes across to the south.D.It has the fewest lines of all.4.What do you think the above text is?A.A time list.B.A city mapC.An information card.D.A travel guideBDancing is popular all over the world.People dance in theaters,in parks or in their own living room. But Yang Liu, a woman in Guizhou,dances in an unusual place.Her stage is a single bamboo pole.Yang is a performer of bamboo drifting(独竹漂) .It is a traditional skill in the girl's hometown.In ancient times,the local people crossed the rivers by riding on a bamboo pole.Now bamboo drifting has developed into a folk sport.Yang started to learn bamboo drifting at the age of seven.The bamboo pole is very slippery and it never completely stops moving.Yang fell into the water again and again.But the girl didn't want to give up.She always got back up on the pole and tried again.She practised hard every day for three years.Finally,she was able to keep her balance on the pole.But Yang didn't just stop there.She wanted to live out her dream of becoming a dancer on a bamboo pole.The girl practised many difficult movements on the pole.She failed countless times,but she never stopped trying.,Her hard work finally paid off,Now 26,Yang has made a name for herself as a dancer on a bamboo pole,People can't believe their eyes whenever they watch her performances,Through Yang's dances,many people now know about bamboo drifting.They have discovered the beauty of this traditional skill.英语模拟试卷(八) 第2页(共8页)5.Where does Yang Liu dance?A B C D6.What is bamboo drifting in ancient times?A.A folk sport.B.A dance form.C.A living skill.D.A kung fu gesture.7.Which word can be used to describe Yang Liu?A.EnergeticB.Dependable.C.Gifted.D.Hard-working8.What is the text mainly about?A.A fantastic performance.B.A bamboo drifting dancer.C.A well-known folk sport.D.A story of bamboo drifting.CHave you ever imagined your car flying up and over thecars in front of you in a traffic jam? This is no longer adream!Joby's company was allowed to start testing its new airtaxi.An air taxi is a small aircraft(飞行器): But unlike a plane,it doesn't need a long runway. It's like a helicopter.Joby hopes to start carrying passengers for money by 2025.It plans to charge about two US dollars per kilometer.The company has set up a program with a big airline (航空公司) .The program will fly people from their homes to the airport.It will start in New York and Los Angeles first.Joby's air taxi will be flown by a pilot.It can carry up to four other passengers.The air taxi can reach a top speed of 320 kilometers per hour.It can go about 160 kilometers before its batteries run out. Joby says its air taxis are much cheaper and quieter than helicopters.Still, some people have worries.They think these aircraft may add noise and traffic to our skies.Many other companies around the world are also working on air taxis.France even plans to use a few air taxis during next summer's Olympic Games.But there is still a lot of work·to do before air taxis become common.For example,governments need to make rules about where and when these aircraft can fly.英语模拟试卷(八) 第3页(共8页)9.How docs the writer lead into the topic "the air taxi"in Paragraph 1?A.By stating a fact.B.By telling a storyC.By asking a question.D.By adding information.10.What docs the underlined word “charge” mean in Paragraph 3?A.give awayB.ask forC.take offD.make up11.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A.The future and market of using air taxis.B.The company making and testing air taxis.C.The strength and weakness of taking air taxis.D.The worries about the safety of flying air taxis.12.In which part of a school newspaper can we find this text?A.AI History.B.Technology Life.C.Happy MoviesD.Pioneering Scientists.DWhether it's an important exam or simply just too much to do,we've all got stress.It's common for some people to eat a lot when stressed.Others,however,may be left without a wish to eat.But why do some people eat more when they're upset and others eat less?There may be an easy answer to this question:Short-term stress is likely to make us eat less while long-term stress makes us eat more.It's all in how our brains become aware of the stressor(压力源).Just like a danger to your life,very strong or near stress leads to either fight back or run away.For example,in life-or-death situations,your brain produces adrenaline(肾上腺素)to help improve the performance of your muscles.Your brain makes eating put off so that your body can give most of its energy to make sure you continue to live.Even if you aren't physically(身体上的) in danger,your brain under stress might react as if this were true.On the other hand,people may find themselves eating more.This happens when they're worried about something but do not feel dangerous in the near future,Low-grade stress that lasts over time like this makes animals and people go for comfort foods.They eat for joy,not,for need.Whether you eat less or more under stress,there are ways.to feel better,Exercise,healthy diets and social support are good ways to control stress.Above all,a healthy,brain is a healthy you.英语模拟试卷(八) 第4页(共8页)13.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A.Eating can greatly influence stress.B.Stress has nothing to do with eating.C.Stress may increase fast when e ating.D.Eating and stress are closely connected.14.Why does the writer give an example of“life-or-death situation”in Paragraph 3?A.To make readers know why stress is useful.B.To better explain how brain reacts to stress.C.To give information about short-term stress.D.To tell long-term stress from short-term stress.15.What do we know about long-term stress?A.Young people suffer from it.B.It causes less harm to people.C.It makes people overweight.D.People under it eat for pleasure.16.Which can help to deal with stress?A.Staying at home alone.B.Eating high-calorie foods.C.Turning to your friends.D.Exercising your brain regularly.第二节阅读短文,从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,其中有一个多余的选项。