名词性从句公开课课件
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高三英语一轮复习名词性从句公开课课件(共27张)
I’d do if I had the money.
注 意：
“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：
1）常与其后的名词作表语一致
2）根据句子的语境而定。
1. What you left _____ are only several old books. (be) is 2. What you said ___of great importance. (be) doesn’t 3. What he says and does _______concern me. (do) don’t 4. What he says and does _______agree. (do)
名词性从句易错2：
whether和if用法区别:（只用whether的情况）
①引导置于句首的主语从句、表语从句和同位语
从句时；
②引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语时；
③后可加不定式；
④用于It doesn’t matter whether...句型；
⑤可以用whether or not, 不说if or not; 但可说whether/if ...or not
whether
5. I like that in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. it
名词性从句易错6： it作形式宾语和形式主语 宾语从句中的三种句型： 1. find, feel, think, consider, make, believe, guess + it +宾补(adj./n.) + that... 2. depend on + it + that... 3. hate , like, appreciate, enjoy, dislike + it + when/if ...
注 意：
“what”引导主语从句时，谓语动词：
1）常与其后的名词作表语一致
2）根据句子的语境而定。
1. What you left _____ are only several old books. (be) is 2. What you said ___of great importance. (be) doesn’t 3. What he says and does _______concern me. (do) don’t 4. What he says and does _______agree. (do)
名词性从句易错2：
whether和if用法区别:（只用whether的情况）
①引导置于句首的主语从句、表语从句和同位语
从句时；
②引导的宾语从句作介词的宾语时；
③后可加不定式；
④用于It doesn’t matter whether...句型；
⑤可以用whether or not, 不说if or not; 但可说whether/if ...or not
whether
5. I like that in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. it
名词性从句易错6： it作形式宾语和形式主语 宾语从句中的三种句型： 1. find, feel, think, consider, make, believe, guess + it +宾补(adj./n.) + that... 2. depend on + it + that... 3. hate , like, appreciate, enjoy, dislike + it + when/if ...
高中英语名词性从句课件(共42张ppt)
1. _W_h_a_twe can’t get seems better than _w_h_a_t we have.
2. China is no longer w__h_a_t it used to be. 3. There were even some grandparents who came
1. __T_h_a__t _ he said so made us angry . _W___h_a_t_ he said at the meeting made us angry.
2. A computer can only do___w__h_a_t__ you have
instructed it to do. （全国） 3. 中国不再是过去的样子了。
考点3. what,whatever,who,whoever 请你归纳
❖ ___w_h_o_e_v_e_r_, _w_h_a_t_e_v_e_r_等引导的
名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相
当于名词后加一个定语从句，而 ❖_W__h__o_, _w_h__a_t _等引导的名词性从
句有时含有疑问意义。
❖1._W__h_a__te_v_e_r_ was said here must be
四、whether是否。主语从句；表语从句；同位语从句； 介词后的宾语从句；不定式且常与or not 连用。
1. _W__h_e_th_e_r_ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
2. China is no longer w__h_a_t it used to be. 3. There were even some grandparents who came
1. __T_h_a__t _ he said so made us angry . _W___h_a_t_ he said at the meeting made us angry.
2. A computer can only do___w__h_a_t__ you have
instructed it to do. （全国） 3. 中国不再是过去的样子了。
考点3. what,whatever,who,whoever 请你归纳
❖ ___w_h_o_e_v_e_r_, _w_h_a_t_e_v_e_r_等引导的
名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相
当于名词后加一个定语从句，而 ❖_W__h__o_, _w_h__a_t _等引导的名词性从
句有时含有疑问意义。
❖1._W__h_a__te_v_e_r_ was said here must be
四、whether是否。主语从句；表语从句；同位语从句； 介词后的宾语从句；不定式且常与or not 连用。
1. _W__h_e_th_e_r_ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
名词性从句PPT课件
P.S. 介词后面只能用whom和whomever。
1.Whoever leaves the room last should close the door.
2.Please tell me who/whom we have to see.
3.Do you know to whom Jack was speaking?
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一
个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）
2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤 姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作
He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. E) 后面紧接or not 时。如：
We didn’t know whether or not she was ready.
② 关联词只能用 whether或if, 不能用 that的情况如下：
若doubt一词作“怀疑”解接宾语从句 时，主句为肯定句用whether或if，主句 为否定句或疑问句用that。如：
(3) It ＋ 不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It appears that… 似乎…
1.Whoever leaves the room last should close the door.
2.Please tell me who/whom we have to see.
3.Do you know to whom Jack was speaking?
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一
个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）
2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤 姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作
He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. E) 后面紧接or not 时。如：
We didn’t know whether or not she was ready.
② 关联词只能用 whether或if, 不能用 that的情况如下：
若doubt一词作“怀疑”解接宾语从句 时，主句为肯定句用whether或if，主句 为否定句或疑问句用that。如：
(3) It ＋ 不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It appears that… 似乎…
名词性从句公开课ppt课件
定语从句：对先行词起修饰限制作用,并且关系 代词that在句中作成分。
考点4 名词性从句中的虚拟语气
1. It is demanded that China _____ preparations for the trade war.
A. makes
B. has to make
C. must make D. make
注意：suggest 当表示“暗示、表明”，insist 表示“坚持认为”之意时，从句谓语动词不用 虚拟语气，按需要来选择时态。
考点5: 总结哪些情况只能用whether
1._W__h_e_t_h_e_rLee Chong Wei will take part in the Tokyo Olympic games depends on his healthy condition. 2. We’re worried about _w__h_e_t_h_e_r he is healthy. 3. I don’t know __w_h_e_t_h_e_ror not he is well. 4. The question is _w__h_e_t_h_e_r he will continue training. 5. He haven’t decided _w__h_e_t_h_e_r_ to retire from the badminton game.
考点4 名词性从句中的虚拟语气
1. It is demanded that China _____ preparations for the trade war.
A. makes
B. has to make
C. must make D. make
注意：suggest 当表示“暗示、表明”，insist 表示“坚持认为”之意时，从句谓语动词不用 虚拟语气，按需要来选择时态。
考点5: 总结哪些情况只能用whether
1._W__h_e_t_h_e_rLee Chong Wei will take part in the Tokyo Olympic games depends on his healthy condition. 2. We’re worried about _w__h_e_t_h_e_r he is healthy. 3. I don’t know __w_h_e_t_h_e_ror not he is well. 4. The question is _w__h_e_t_h_e_r he will continue training. 5. He haven’t decided _w__h_e_t_h_e_r_ to retire from the badminton game.
高中英语语法-名词性从句精讲(共73张PPT)
主语从 句关联 词选择
考虑有 无虚拟 语气
宾语从句
• I want to know the exam result. • I want to know what results we’ve got
in the final exams.
定义
及物动词 介词
某些形容词
宾语从句
I want to know whether / if he has passed the chemistry exam.
It depends on whether the manager will agree to the plan or not.
I’m afraid (that) the doctors can do nothing to save the patient.
Knowing that it was just a difference in custom, the foreigner smiled and said nothing.
名词性从句考点
关联词的选用 形式主语it 陈述句语序
考点一 关联词选用
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
何为主何为从
哪种从句 哪个关联词
句子结构分析 各种从句的区别 关联词的选用
英语语法RAP
英语句子八呀八大块，主谓宾表真呀真实在； 补语跟着宾语表语跑，定语同位专把名词踹。 状语的位置它自由自在，忽右忽左随心所欲摆； 浑身的毛病真呀真不少，前后乱窜它还会加塞。
高考英语名词性从句课件(共22张PPT)
分析下列宾语从句中的连词
• I don’t doubt （that ）you will succeed.
• I don’t know whether/if he will come tonight.
• I doubt if /whether you will keep your promise.
3个句子中的连词that, whether, if （是否）在名词性 从句中只起连接作用，在句中不担任成分,被称为连接词
1.I don’t think _____(_t_h_ast)he is coming.
2.It is 3.The 4.The
arneepawistosyn____is___________t___h___a_oht_ue_trh_htaaehstaemmisawcdoaenrestluehcsehsm.aamtcihstake.
总结2 ：名词性从句连词有哪些conj（无as）
无基本结构：what , which, who, whom(宾语) 有基本结构的缺定语what, which, whose 有基本结构的缺状语成份的意思when, where,
why, how, because 有基本结构的缺意思whether, if,as if/though 完美 that
三.其它连接代词和副词的选用
主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义, 正确的选择who、which、when、where、 why、 how 等连接词，这些连接词既 具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时 在从句中充当各种成分。
高中英语名词性从句课件(38张ppt)
连词“that”引导 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
should be put on the top of the list.
3. 主语从句
1.主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句 通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语 it 代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
e.g. That we need more equipment is obvious. or: It is obvious that we need more equipment.
2.连接词 whether, if ： 引导名词性从句都意为 “是否”。在宾语从
句中有时可互换。但介词后用whether引导 或whether …or not。在主语从句，表语从句,
同位语从句中不能用if.
e.g. He didn’t know whether he was ready or not.
4) That在其他名词性从句中均不可省略，只有 在宾语从句中that有时可以省略，但在并列 的宾语从句中第二个that 不可省略。
e.g. He said (that) he would leave and that he would never come back again.
5) 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, 等, 其后的宾语 从句若含有否定意义, 一般要把否定词转移到 主句谓语上, 从句谓语用肯定式。 e.g. I /we don’t think this dress fits you Well, does it?
名词性从句完整ppt课件
英语组： 任秀敏
整理版课件
1
➢1.Don't put off till tomorrow what should be
done today.
今日事，今日毕
➢2. Don't claim to know what you don’t know.
不要不懂装懂
整理版课件
2
Learning targets
（动词、介词的宾从）
3. My idea is that we should do it right now. 表语从句
4.I had no idea that you were her
friend. 同位语从句 整理版课件
5
I. Find clauses from the following sentences and tell the functions of them.
名词性从句
一、相关概念及种类
二、常见引导词（重点）
三、七大常考考点（重点/难点）
1.that\what\which 2.it形式主语、宾语的用 法
3.语序问题 别
4.同位语从句和定从的区
5.what\whatever…6.if\whether
7.名词性从句中的虚拟语气问题
整理版课件
3
一.相关概念
1.名词：表示人或事物的名称的词 2.名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作 主语,宾语,表语和同位语等。 3.名词性从句：
整理版课件
1
➢1.Don't put off till tomorrow what should be
done today.
今日事，今日毕
➢2. Don't claim to know what you don’t know.
不要不懂装懂
整理版课件
2
Learning targets
（动词、介词的宾从）
3. My idea is that we should do it right now. 表语从句
4.I had no idea that you were her
friend. 同位语从句 整理版课件
5
I. Find clauses from the following sentences and tell the functions of them.
名词性从句
一、相关概念及种类
二、常见引导词（重点）
三、七大常考考点（重点/难点）
1.that\what\which 2.it形式主语、宾语的用 法
3.语序问题 别
4.同位语从句和定从的区
5.what\whatever…6.if\whether
7.名词性从句中的虚拟语气问题
整理版课件
3
一.相关概念
1.名词：表示人或事物的名称的词 2.名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作 主语,宾语,表语和同位语等。 3.名词性从句：
名词性从句讲解(共30张PPT)
❖Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. ❖She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday. ❖Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.
(2) I hear that he ______ to Beijing yesterday. A. goes B. will go C. went D. have gone
(3) It’s 7:30. I can’t believe you___ cooking dinner yet, Sally. A. haven’t started B. didn’t C. don’t start D. hadn’t
并列句 把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来。
I turned on the TV. My sister and I watched it.
并列句
➢ I turned on the TV and my sister and I watched it.
I bought my sister a present. She didn’t like it.
3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由疑问词（what, who, whom, which, whose when, where, how, why等）引导，因 为疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义， 所以不可以省略。
(2) I hear that he ______ to Beijing yesterday. A. goes B. will go C. went D. have gone
(3) It’s 7:30. I can’t believe you___ cooking dinner yet, Sally. A. haven’t started B. didn’t C. don’t start D. hadn’t
并列句 把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来。
I turned on the TV. My sister and I watched it.
并列句
➢ I turned on the TV and my sister and I watched it.
I bought my sister a present. She didn’t like it.
3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由疑问词（what, who, whom, which, whose when, where, how, why等）引导，因 为疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义， 所以不可以省略。
名词性从句优秀PPT课件
without引导的名词性从句
without引导的定语从句 without在定语从句中作状语。
without常用于固定短语中，如without doubt、without question等。
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名词性从句的错误分析
从句中的主谓一致错误
主谓不一致
在名词性从句中，主语和谓语之间的一致性是一个常见的问题。例如，“The book is written by him”中，“book”和“is written”之间存在主谓不一 致的错误。
解析
A选项中“What”引导的是主语 从句，表示“他说的话不是真实 的”。B选项中“Who”引导的 是主语从句，表示“谁将去参加 会议还不知道”。C选项中 “Why”引导的是主语从句，表 示“他为什么离开学校还是一个 谜”。
THANKS
感谢观看
用于表达过去某个时间正 在进行的动作。
时态的用法
过去完成时
用于表达过去的过去，即过去某个时 间之前发生的动作或状态。
过去完成进行时
用于表达过去的过去，即过去某个时 间之前正在进行的动作。
语序的用法
标准语序：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语（+ 状语）
倒装语序：谓语 + 主语（+ 状语）
在名词性从句中，使用倒装语序的情况较多，尤其是当从句中的主语是疑问词时，需要将疑 问词放在句首，构成倒装语序。例如：Where did you go yesterday?（你昨天去了哪里？ ）
高中英语语法之名词性从句-PPT优秀课件
It’s a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知)/ a common saying that… (俗话说)
6wk.baidu.com
A. It +be+adj (important/ essential/
B. natural/ necessary)+ that sb. should do sth.
a wonder.
2
• 2.引导主语从句的词：
• 连词：that, whether
起连接作用不充当成分
• 连接代词：what(ever),who(ever), which(ever)，whose,
充当主语/宾语/定语等
• 连接副词：when, where, how ,why
充当状语表时间、地点、方式、原因
• He asked __w_h_o_s_e_h_a_n_d_w_r_i_ti_n_g__w_a_s_t？he best in the class
（谁的书法是班上最好的） • Please tell_w__h_en__w_e_’_ll_h_a_v_e_a_m__e_e_ti.ng?
（我们什么时候开会）
invitation.
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二、宾语从句 The Object Clause
1、宾语从句 宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作动词的 宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。
6wk.baidu.com
A. It +be+adj (important/ essential/
B. natural/ necessary)+ that sb. should do sth.
a wonder.
2
• 2.引导主语从句的词：
• 连词：that, whether
起连接作用不充当成分
• 连接代词：what(ever),who(ever), which(ever)，whose,
充当主语/宾语/定语等
• 连接副词：when, where, how ,why
充当状语表时间、地点、方式、原因
• He asked __w_h_o_s_e_h_a_n_d_w_r_i_ti_n_g__w_a_s_t？he best in the class
（谁的书法是班上最好的） • Please tell_w__h_en__w_e_’_ll_h_a_v_e_a_m__e_e_ti.ng?
（我们什么时候开会）
invitation.
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二、宾语从句 The Object Clause
1、宾语从句 宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作动词的 宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。
名词性从句讲解最全版ppt教学课件
（主语从句）
2、What he wants to ask you now is which team
won the game .
（表语从句）
3、Could you tell me which one is right .
（宾语从句）
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为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社 会主义 思想和 党的十 九大精 神,贯彻 全国教 育大会 精神,充 分发挥 中小学 图书室 育人功 能
If与whether的区别：
1、If不能引导放于句首的主语从句，而whether可以。 2、引导表语从句用whether，不用if。 3、引导同位语从句用whether，不用if。 4、whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语，不用if 。 5、whether or not 连在一起可以，但if不可以。而 “whether-----or not = if -----or not”
（宾语从句）
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为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社 会主义 思想和 党的十 九大精 神,贯彻 全国教 育大会 精神,充 分发挥 中小学 图书室 育人功 能
“which”---“哪---”、作定语、起连接作用
1、Which class is suitable for us isn’t most
important .
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关于名词性从句课件PPT课件课件
It + be + 形容词 ＋ 主语从句
It is necessary/ important that …. …..是有必要/重要的 It is obvious/ clear that…… 很明显…… It is certain / true that ……是肯定的 It is true that ……是事实 It is strange that ……很奇怪 It is natural that ……是很自然的
The fact is that he stole the car. (表从) Do you know the fact that he stole the car?
(同位语从句)
Doຫໍສະໝຸດ Baiduyou know the man who is standing over
there?
(定从)
It is said that they won the game. (主从)
❖ It is important, necessary, natural, desirable, strange, advisable, impossible+ that (should) do
❖ It is a pity, a shame, no wonder (难怪)+ that (should) do
主语
同位语
[名词性从句](共64张PPT)
](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/665db3c47e192279168884868762caaedd33ba35.png)
注意 whether和if的使用区别:
• 1) whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，但 a. 当从句中有or not时就用whether,不用if。
I don’t know whether or not I will stay.
b. 介词后面的宾语从句不能用if表示“是否”。
I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.
(come)
2. 如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过
去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过
去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过
去将来时，过去完成时）
I knew who __l_iv_e_d__ here. (live) I saw she w__a_s_ta_l_k_in_g__w_it_h_ her mother. (talk) He asked whether his father _______________ twoomuoldrrocwo.m(ceobmaeckback) He said that he __h_a_d_s_e_e_nit before. (see) 3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现 在时。 He said the earth __t_r_a_v_e_lsaround the sun.（travel）
I’m afraid (that) he won’t pass the exam . * I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.
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我梦想着我能进入一所重点大学。（宾语从句） I dream that I can enter a key university.
China is no longer what she used to be.
中国已经不再是以前那个样子了。
这一点已经举世公认 :中国已经成为世界上最强大的国家之一。 中国已经不再是以前那个样子了。
As long as you love me
---Backstreet Boys
Although loneliness has always been a friend of mine, I'm leaving my life in your hands. People say I'm crazy and that I am blind, 宾语从句 risking it all in a glance How you got me blind is still a mystery. 主语从句 I can't get you out of my head. Don't care what is written in your history,宾语从句 as long as you're here with me. I don't care who you are, where you're from, 宾语从句 what you did, as long as you love me.
Whoever the law （_________breaks ）
should be punished.
主语从句
_________breaks the law, （Whoever ） he should be punished. = No matter who breaks （ the law, he should be ） punished.
我们种树的原因是它们能供给我们新鲜空气.
The reason why we plant trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.
人们强烈建议采取有效措施保护环境。 （被动语态） It is strongly suggested that effective measures (should) be taken to protect the environment.
Challenge Noun Clause
Proverbs and idioms.
结果好，就一切都好。
What _______ends well is well. 目标决定你将成为什么样的人。
what you are going to be. Goals determine ______
俗话说，人人皆有得意日。
“如果你想毁掉一个孩子，就给他一部手机！”
最令我吃惊的是有如此多的孩子沉迷于手机！
What surprises me most is that so many children are addicted to cellphones!
最近，我们关于中学生是否应该带手机入校进 行了一场激烈的讨论。（同位语从句） Recently, we have had a heated discussion whether middle school students should carry cellphones to school.
Make sentences using “feel/make it +n.+ to do/that…”
我感觉保持教室卫生是我们的职责， 因此，我们规定：乱扔垃圾者罚。
I feel it our duty to keep the classroom clean, so we made it a rule that whoever litters should be punished.
不可否认，霍金是世界上 最杰出的物理学家之一。
There is no denying that Stephen Hawking is one of the most outstanding physicists in the world.
消息传来:霍金于2018年3月14日去世，享年76岁。
Word came that Stephen Hawking died at 76 on March14th,2018.
Fill in the blanks. Everyone knew 1____ that Andy was a famous writer, but no one knew where 2_______she came from and whether she was born in 1961 3________ What was still a mystery. 4_______they did know was 5_______she was loved that by poor people because she always whoever was in need of helped 6 ________ money.
What he suggested is that I (should) study hard.
主语从句+表语从句
异曲同工
我的梦想是我能进入一所重点大学 。（表语从句） My dream is that I can enter a key university.
我能进入一所重点大学是我的梦想。（主语从句） That I can enter a key university is my dream. 我有一个梦想我能进入一所重点大学。（同位语从句） I have a dream that I can enter a key university.
There is no doubt that Stephen Hawking is one of the most outstanding physicists in the world.
据报道霍金于2Baidu Nhomakorabea18年3月14日去世，享年76岁。
It is reported that Stephen Hawking died at 76 on March14th,2018.
It is universally China is acknowledged no longer whatthat she China used tohas be.become one of the strongest countries in the world.
毫无疑问，霍金是世界上 最杰出的物理学家之一。
近视成灾
成绩直线下滑
色情泛滥，腐蚀心灵
盲目攀比
我强烈反对学生带手机入校的观点。（同位语从句）
I'm strongly against the opinion that students carry cellphones to school.
世界那么大，你凭什么去看看
如果你不努力，别指望能周游世界。
What we all know is that nothing is more important than health. 主语从句+表语从句
一句多译
他建议我努力学习。（suggest/suggestion） He suggested that I (should) study hard. 宾语从句 It is suggested that I (should) study hard. 主语从句 He gave me a suggestion that I (should) study hard. 同位语从句
谁在教室就把这个给谁。 Give it to whoever is in the classroom. 我能跟负责国际销售的人说句话吗? Could I speak to whoever is in charge of International Sales?
一句多译
众所周知，没有什么比健康更重要的。 We all know that nothing is more important than health. 宾语从句 It’s known to us that nothing is more important than health. 主语从句 We all know the fact that nothing is more important than health. 同位语从句
4.在我看来学习的成功主要取决于一个人是否有决心。 (whether宾语从句) . In my opinion, success in study depends mainly on
that every dog has his day. There is a saying______
Correct mistakes.
1.The fact which she said nothing surprised all of us. （ ） that 2 . What the boy didn’t take medicine made his mother angry. （ ） That 3 . If we’ll go camping tomorrow depend on the weather. （ ） Whether depends （ 4. What he really means is what he disagrees with us.） （ ） that 5. What we can’t get） seems better than that we have. （ （ ） what
1.能否在英语考试中取得好成绩是我最担心的问题。 (what主语从句/whether 引导表语从句） __________________________is What worries me most _______________________________________. whether I can get a good mark in English 2.众所周知，学好英语是很重要的. （主语从句） _________________________________________________. It is known to all that it is important to learn English well 3.那是因为它是一种国际语言.（表语从句） It is_______________________________________ because it is an international language. /The reason is______________________________. that it is an international language
让步状语从句
= Anyone who breaks （ the law should be ） punished. 定语从句
whoever引导主语从句和宾语从句，相当于the person who / anyone who， 意为“……的那个人”“任何……的人”。 谁先来谁就得一等奖。. Whoever comes first will get the first prize. 无论谁最后离开房间都应该关灯. Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.
Don’t depend on it that you can travel around the world if you don’t work hard.
你是否能周游世界还有待于观察。 It remains to be seen whether you can travel around the world. 你将来有一天是否能周游世界取决于你现在是否努力。 Whether you can travel around the world one day depends on whether you work hard now.