lecture3翻译的基本步骤
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very large lift force in order to sustain the aircraft. ➢ 产生升力
6.To develop the capabilities of the geophysical prospecting,
the renewal of techniques and equipment is the first thing to be considered. ➢提高能力
1. I respect them; they are good citizen, good husband, and good fathers.
➢ 我尊重这些人；他们是守法的公民、尽职的丈夫、 慈祥的父亲。
2. Though the ideal cure for noise is to stop it at its source, this may in many cases be impossible.
➢ 尽管侵略者在数量上占很大优势，他们决心血战 到底。
2. The entire drop of lambs this year is twice that of last year.
➢ 今年羊羔的总产量为去年的两倍。
3. He hasn’t a drop of sense in his head. ➢ 他毫无头脑。
drum.
1.1c 语体与词义
正式语体 formal 中间语体 consultative 非正式语体 informal/colloquial
formal colloquial
to expire ➢逝世 to pass away ➢与世长辞 to close (end) one’s day ➢寿终 to breathe one’s last ➢断气 to go west ➢归西天 to pay the d➢eb了t o结f n尘at缘ure to depart to➢th命e 归wo黄rld泉of shadows to give up t➢he见gh阎os王t to kick the ➢bu翘ck辫et 子 to kick up o➢ne蹬’s腿heels
chic
1. Edison invented the gramophone and the electric light. ➢ 爱迪生发明了留声机和电灯。
理解要尽量准确，表达要力求充分
1.准确理解原文
1.1 词义理解 1.2 语句法分析 1.3 逻辑分析 1.4 文体风格
1.1 词义理解
弄清词的概念意义和关联意义
了解文化特征、历史演变、社会发展和 科技进步对语言的影响
把握语言的随意性和约定俗成性
注意词语的搭配关系、逻辑关系和上下 文关系
8.咱们打的吧。 ➢ Let’s take a taxi. 9.杯子打了。 ➢ The glass cup is broken. 10.你打哪儿来？ ➢ Where did you come from? 11. 他在我背上打了一拳。 ➢ He beat me on the back with his fist. 12. 打铃了。该上课了。 ➢ The bell is ringing. It's time for class. 13. 到家别忘了给我打电话。 ➢ Don't forget to make/place a call to me when you get home. 14. 他高兴地打起手鼓。 ➢ He was so happy that he couldn‘t help striking the hand
6. “I wish he wouldn’t drop in on me so often,” she murmured.
➢ 她低声说道：“我希望他不要老是到我这儿 来串门。”
7. During consideration of the Draft Text, the G-77 spokesman stated that the phrase “to review national development strategies” should be dropped, as that formulation would lead to violation of a nation’s sovereignty.
➢ 控制噪音的理想方法是消除噪音源，但这在许多情 况下是不可能的。
3. The author recognizes that his statement in this
article is arbitrary and does not correspond to generally agreed standard. ➢ 作者声明，文中的说法系个人意见，与通常公认的 观点不尽一致。
词义选择
一词多义
1.1a 词性与词义 1.1b 语境与词义
1.1c 语体与词义
1.1d 色彩与词义 1.1e 文体与词义
1.1a 词性与词义
1. They were determined to fight to the last drop of their blood, despite the marked numerical superiority of the aggressors.
4. Let us drop the matter for the time being. ➢ 我们暂时别再谈这个问题吧。 5. At the beginning of yesterday’s meeting Tom
made a slip of the tongue, and thereafter Mary dropped a brick. ➢ 在昨天的会议上，汤姆一开始讲话失口 了， 之后玛丽讲话又失口了。
7. In developing a design, the engineer must apply his knowledge of engineering and material science.
➢进行设计
8.We must develop all the natural substance in our country which can make us rich.
➢ 在审议案文草案时，七十七国集团发言人说， “审查国家发展战略”一短语应当删去，因 为这种提法会导致侵犯国家主权。
8. They worked until they dropped. ➢ 他们一直工作到累趴下了。
1. 炉子着得很旺。 ➢ The fire is burning briskly in the stove. 2. 她着凉了。 ➢ She has caught cold. 3. 上不着天，下不着地 ➢ Touch neither the sky nor the ground ---- meaning,
1.1d 色彩与词义
褒义 commendatory sense 中性 neutral sense 贬义 derogatory sense
褒义词 famous
贬义词 notorious
compliment envy
flatter jealousy
statesman
politician
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
fashionable
a new word. (Firth, British linguist)
1. a broken man ➢穷困潦倒的人
2. a broken soldier ➢残废的士兵 3. a broken time ➢零星的时间 4. a broken road ➢崎岖不平的道路
1. 看报纸 ➢read a newspaper 2. 看电影 ➢see a movie/film 3. 看电视 ➢watch TV 4. 看黑板 ➢look at the blackboard 5. 瞪大眼睛惊讶地看 ➢stare 6. 饶有兴趣地看 ➢gaze 7. 愤怒地看 ➢glare 8. 吃力地看 ➢peep/peer 9. 偷看 ➢peek
➢开发资源
9.Inspired by these ideas, in 1752 Franklin developed a
practical lightning rod. ➢发明避雷针
10.Most of the money came from selling the secret of a new type of potato he had developed.
from observations. ➢ 得出结论 4.Until the domain theory of magnetism was developed, they
did not have much success. ➢ 提出理论. 5.Modern aircraft are so heavy that the wings must develop a
Contents
1 准确理解原文 2 正确表达译文 3 仔细校对译文 4 Practice
理解与表达
翻译过程中两个各自不同但又密切相关的阶段
在理解的基础上进行表达，在表达的过程中加 深理解。
理解是表达的前提，表达是理解的结果。
原文是翻译的出发点和基础，没有对原文的准 确理解就不会有准确的表达。
be suspended in mid air. 4. 你猜着了。 ➢ You’ve guessed right. 5. 老李躺下就着了。 ➢ Lao Li fell asleep as soon as he lay down. 6. 他有点着慌。 ➢ He gets alarmed.
7. 屋顶上全都覆盖着积雪。 ➢ The roofs are all covered with snow. 8. 这些孩子穿着整洁。 ➢ These children are all neatly dressed. 9. 再着一把力。 ➢ Make one more effort. 10. 这些措施都着眼于进一步解放生产力。 ➢ All these measures are aimed at further
emancipating the productive forces. 11. 他走错了一着。 ➢ He has made a false move. 12. 老王说他没着了。 ➢ Lao Wang said he was at the end of his tether.
1.1b 语境与词义
Each word, when used in a new context, is
1. Several attempts have been made through the years to develop the deposit.
➢ 开采矿产 2.As young Tom grew into manhood, he developed tuberculosis. ➢ 患上结核病 3.A hypothesis is a specific statement developed by a scientist
POWERPOINT TEMPLATE
翻译的基本步骤 POWERPOINT TEMPLATE POWERPOINT TEMPLATE POWERPOINT TEMPLATE
Basic Steps in POWERPOINT TTEMrPLaATnE slating
POWERPOINT TEMPLATE
➢培育新品种
1. 她在打毛衣。 ➢She was knitting a sweater. 2.他在句尾打了个问号。 ➢He put a question mark at the end of the sentence. 3.他们正在打扑克。 ➢They are playing cards. 4.我打票了。 ➢I bought a ticket. 5.他没打伞。 ➢He didn’t hold up an umbrella. 6.我已打好草稿。 ➢I have worked out a draft. 7.他在给水稻打农药。 ➢He is spraying insecticide on the rice.
6.To develop the capabilities of the geophysical prospecting,
the renewal of techniques and equipment is the first thing to be considered. ➢提高能力
1. I respect them; they are good citizen, good husband, and good fathers.
➢ 我尊重这些人；他们是守法的公民、尽职的丈夫、 慈祥的父亲。
2. Though the ideal cure for noise is to stop it at its source, this may in many cases be impossible.
➢ 尽管侵略者在数量上占很大优势，他们决心血战 到底。
2. The entire drop of lambs this year is twice that of last year.
➢ 今年羊羔的总产量为去年的两倍。
3. He hasn’t a drop of sense in his head. ➢ 他毫无头脑。
drum.
1.1c 语体与词义
正式语体 formal 中间语体 consultative 非正式语体 informal/colloquial
formal colloquial
to expire ➢逝世 to pass away ➢与世长辞 to close (end) one’s day ➢寿终 to breathe one’s last ➢断气 to go west ➢归西天 to pay the d➢eb了t o结f n尘at缘ure to depart to➢th命e 归wo黄rld泉of shadows to give up t➢he见gh阎os王t to kick the ➢bu翘ck辫et 子 to kick up o➢ne蹬’s腿heels
chic
1. Edison invented the gramophone and the electric light. ➢ 爱迪生发明了留声机和电灯。
理解要尽量准确，表达要力求充分
1.准确理解原文
1.1 词义理解 1.2 语句法分析 1.3 逻辑分析 1.4 文体风格
1.1 词义理解
弄清词的概念意义和关联意义
了解文化特征、历史演变、社会发展和 科技进步对语言的影响
把握语言的随意性和约定俗成性
注意词语的搭配关系、逻辑关系和上下 文关系
8.咱们打的吧。 ➢ Let’s take a taxi. 9.杯子打了。 ➢ The glass cup is broken. 10.你打哪儿来？ ➢ Where did you come from? 11. 他在我背上打了一拳。 ➢ He beat me on the back with his fist. 12. 打铃了。该上课了。 ➢ The bell is ringing. It's time for class. 13. 到家别忘了给我打电话。 ➢ Don't forget to make/place a call to me when you get home. 14. 他高兴地打起手鼓。 ➢ He was so happy that he couldn‘t help striking the hand
6. “I wish he wouldn’t drop in on me so often,” she murmured.
➢ 她低声说道：“我希望他不要老是到我这儿 来串门。”
7. During consideration of the Draft Text, the G-77 spokesman stated that the phrase “to review national development strategies” should be dropped, as that formulation would lead to violation of a nation’s sovereignty.
➢ 控制噪音的理想方法是消除噪音源，但这在许多情 况下是不可能的。
3. The author recognizes that his statement in this
article is arbitrary and does not correspond to generally agreed standard. ➢ 作者声明，文中的说法系个人意见，与通常公认的 观点不尽一致。
词义选择
一词多义
1.1a 词性与词义 1.1b 语境与词义
1.1c 语体与词义
1.1d 色彩与词义 1.1e 文体与词义
1.1a 词性与词义
1. They were determined to fight to the last drop of their blood, despite the marked numerical superiority of the aggressors.
4. Let us drop the matter for the time being. ➢ 我们暂时别再谈这个问题吧。 5. At the beginning of yesterday’s meeting Tom
made a slip of the tongue, and thereafter Mary dropped a brick. ➢ 在昨天的会议上，汤姆一开始讲话失口 了， 之后玛丽讲话又失口了。
7. In developing a design, the engineer must apply his knowledge of engineering and material science.
➢进行设计
8.We must develop all the natural substance in our country which can make us rich.
➢ 在审议案文草案时，七十七国集团发言人说， “审查国家发展战略”一短语应当删去，因 为这种提法会导致侵犯国家主权。
8. They worked until they dropped. ➢ 他们一直工作到累趴下了。
1. 炉子着得很旺。 ➢ The fire is burning briskly in the stove. 2. 她着凉了。 ➢ She has caught cold. 3. 上不着天，下不着地 ➢ Touch neither the sky nor the ground ---- meaning,
1.1d 色彩与词义
褒义 commendatory sense 中性 neutral sense 贬义 derogatory sense
褒义词 famous
贬义词 notorious
compliment envy
flatter jealousy
statesman
politician
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
fashionable
a new word. (Firth, British linguist)
1. a broken man ➢穷困潦倒的人
2. a broken soldier ➢残废的士兵 3. a broken time ➢零星的时间 4. a broken road ➢崎岖不平的道路
1. 看报纸 ➢read a newspaper 2. 看电影 ➢see a movie/film 3. 看电视 ➢watch TV 4. 看黑板 ➢look at the blackboard 5. 瞪大眼睛惊讶地看 ➢stare 6. 饶有兴趣地看 ➢gaze 7. 愤怒地看 ➢glare 8. 吃力地看 ➢peep/peer 9. 偷看 ➢peek
➢开发资源
9.Inspired by these ideas, in 1752 Franklin developed a
practical lightning rod. ➢发明避雷针
10.Most of the money came from selling the secret of a new type of potato he had developed.
from observations. ➢ 得出结论 4.Until the domain theory of magnetism was developed, they
did not have much success. ➢ 提出理论. 5.Modern aircraft are so heavy that the wings must develop a
Contents
1 准确理解原文 2 正确表达译文 3 仔细校对译文 4 Practice
理解与表达
翻译过程中两个各自不同但又密切相关的阶段
在理解的基础上进行表达，在表达的过程中加 深理解。
理解是表达的前提，表达是理解的结果。
原文是翻译的出发点和基础，没有对原文的准 确理解就不会有准确的表达。
be suspended in mid air. 4. 你猜着了。 ➢ You’ve guessed right. 5. 老李躺下就着了。 ➢ Lao Li fell asleep as soon as he lay down. 6. 他有点着慌。 ➢ He gets alarmed.
7. 屋顶上全都覆盖着积雪。 ➢ The roofs are all covered with snow. 8. 这些孩子穿着整洁。 ➢ These children are all neatly dressed. 9. 再着一把力。 ➢ Make one more effort. 10. 这些措施都着眼于进一步解放生产力。 ➢ All these measures are aimed at further
emancipating the productive forces. 11. 他走错了一着。 ➢ He has made a false move. 12. 老王说他没着了。 ➢ Lao Wang said he was at the end of his tether.
1.1b 语境与词义
Each word, when used in a new context, is
1. Several attempts have been made through the years to develop the deposit.
➢ 开采矿产 2.As young Tom grew into manhood, he developed tuberculosis. ➢ 患上结核病 3.A hypothesis is a specific statement developed by a scientist
POWERPOINT TEMPLATE
翻译的基本步骤 POWERPOINT TEMPLATE POWERPOINT TEMPLATE POWERPOINT TEMPLATE
Basic Steps in POWERPOINT TTEMrPLaATnE slating
POWERPOINT TEMPLATE
➢培育新品种
1. 她在打毛衣。 ➢She was knitting a sweater. 2.他在句尾打了个问号。 ➢He put a question mark at the end of the sentence. 3.他们正在打扑克。 ➢They are playing cards. 4.我打票了。 ➢I bought a ticket. 5.他没打伞。 ➢He didn’t hold up an umbrella. 6.我已打好草稿。 ➢I have worked out a draft. 7.他在给水稻打农药。 ➢He is spraying insecticide on the rice.