2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题精编

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2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题,考研出题趋势

架为主，不需要去费力的记忆。
第二阶段：发力（7 月 1 日-10 月 1 日）
发力原因：育明教育（）咨询师认为，这个阶段时间比较充裕，没有学校里的繁杂事情影响，可以安心的投入复习。抓住这个阶段，就成功了一半。重点任务：以英语、数学这些需要长期练习的科目为主。尤其是英语，在不放松单词等基本知识积累的同时，“以真题为纲”进行复习，把每一套真题彻彻底底的分析明白，真真正正把握住出题人每一道题的出题意图。专业课复习要有计划的进行，这一阶段要开始有计划的进行知识点的记忆。争取完成第一轮的复习。达到的效果是，对每个知识点做到能够基本记住。
Techniques from cognitive behavioral therapy can be helpful in changing patterns of thought that have become painful. There are many patients, such as doctors, lawyers—who believed that if they didn’t flog themselves, they wouldn’t be successful. And part of psychologists’ work is to break through that belief by telling the patients that they usually succeed in spite of their Inner Critics, not because of them. (360 words)
重点任务： 1.收集考研信息，包括所报考专业的未来发展趋势、就业难易程度、所报考专业的难易程度、所报考学校的录取率、资料。毕竟考研所需关注

2015年北京第二外国语大学翻译硕士考研真题汇总

2015年北京第二外国语大学翻译硕士考研真题汇总各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上北京第二外国语大学翻译硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

百科写作部分经济全球化(Economic Globalization) 是指世界经济活动超越国界，通过对外贸易、资本流动、技术转移、提供服务、相互依存、相互联系而形成的全球范围的有机经济整体。

（简单的说也就是世界经济日益成为紧密联系的一个整体）。

经济全球化是当代世界经济的重要特征之一，也是世界经济发展的重要趋势。

进口税(import duty / import tax) 亦称进口关税。

指进口国海关对从外国进入本国的货物和物品征收的一种关税。

是关税中最主要的一种。

进口税在外国货物输入关境或国境时征收，或者外国货物从自由港、自由贸易区或保税仓库中提出运往国内市场销售，办理通关手续时征收。

保税区（Bonded Area ;the low-tax; tariff-free zone ;tax-protected zone)亦称保税仓库区。

这是一国海关设置的或经海关批准注册、受海关监督和管理的可以较长时间存储商品的区域。

是经国务院批准设立的、海关实施特殊监管的经济区域，是我国目前开放度和自由度最大的经济区域。

自由贸易协定Free Trade Agreement是两国或多国间具有法律约束力的契约,目的在于促进经济一体化,其目标之一是消除贸易壁垒,允许产品与服务在国家间自由流动.这里所指的贸易壁垒可能是关税,也可能是繁杂的规则等等.海峡两岸经济合作框架协议（英文为Economic Cooperation FrameworkAgreement，简称ECFA）是属于两岸特殊性质的经济合作协议，不违背世界贸易组织(WTO)精神；只规范两岸经济合作事项，如同两岸已签署的海空运等九项协议，不涉及主权或政治问题。

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士汉语写作与百科知识考研真题

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士汉语写作与百科知识考研真题选择题
1.哲学中讨论的最基本的关系是？
2.法律限制人的言行等，体现了法律什么作用？
3.国家宪法日是哪一天？
4.机会成本指的是？
5.离太阳最近的行星是？
6.“东风不与周郎便，铜雀春深锁二乔”，诗句所发生故事的年代与作者相差多少年？（选项400500600700年）
7.爱神是谁？（选项维纳斯、丘比特、阿波罗等）
8.《百年孤独》是一部什么题材的作品？
9.“自由是法律所许可的一切事的权利……”，作者是谁？（选项伏尔泰，孟德斯鸠，林肯等）
10.人体有多少块骨骼？（选项203204206209）
11.第一座长江大桥是？
12.药王是？
13.以下关于爱国主义的认识错误的是？
14.滑铁卢战役与谁有关？
15.最大的区域性贸易集团是？
16.最简单的有机化合物是？
17.“命运交响曲”是贝多芬的第几交响曲？
育明教育考研专业课第一品牌
18.刘三姐是哪个民族的？（傣族、彝族、壮族）
20.阿拉伯教育以什么教为主？（基督教，伊斯兰教，天主教）21．臭氧空洞形成的原因是？
22.“芭蕾舞”一词是哪里传来的外来语？（选项德国法国比利时俄国）
...................
育明教育考研专业课第一品牌。

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题答案笔记

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题答案笔记各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

百科知识部分【中国文学】一、填空1.国别史2.建安七子3.西洲曲4.南朝的宋初5.岑参6.温州杂剧7.酸甜乐府8.金瓶梅9.竟陵派10.阅微草堂笔记11，新青年12 故事新编13 戴望舒14 自叙传抒情小说15 倪焕之二、选择填空1、战国策2、九歌3、《文选》4、左思5、刘长卿6、苏轼7、_白朴8、施惠9、童心说10、黄遵宪11 星空12 郁达夫13 《幻灭》14 艾青15 青春之歌三、名词解释1．元曲——元代特有的文学艺术形式，包括元杂剧和散曲。

元杂剧是一种把诗歌、音乐、舞蹈、表演、宾白相结合，演出一个完整故事的戏曲艺术。

为平民百姓喜闻乐见。

散曲是由诗词演变而来、可以配乐演唱的歌曲，起源于民间小曲和少数民族音乐。

形式简单，坦率真挚，清新纯朴，所以会受到人民喜爱。

2．拟话本——短篇白话小说。

是明代文人模拟宋元话本写作的案头文学。

冯梦龙是其代表作家。

他毕生尽力于整理通俗文学，他编选加工的著名小说集“三言”（即《喻世明言》、《警世通言》、《醒世恒言》），对明代市民生活、道德意识都有深刻反映。

其中《杜十娘怒沉百宝箱》篇是最优秀的代表作。

在冯梦龙影响下，凌濛初也编写了有名的“二拍”（即《初刻拍案惊奇》、《二刻拍案惊奇》），收入小说78篇。

对市民意识的社会思潮有了一定的反映。

四、简要评述中唐“新乐府运动”对乐府诗歌的继承与发展。

思想上，汉乐府民歌继承并发扬了《诗经》的现实主义精神，广泛地反映了两汉人民的痛苦生活，反映了两汉的政治面貌和社会面貌，同时还深刻地反映了两汉人民的思想感情。

具体表现为：1对阶级剥削和压迫的反抗。

2对战争和徭役的揭露。

3对封建礼教和封建婚姻制的抗议。

4讽刺统治者卖官的政治丑剧和权门豪家的荒淫生活。

[考研类试卷]2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷.doc

[考研类试卷]2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷一、单项选择题1 哲学的基本问题是( )。

（A）思维与存在的关系问题（B）运动与静止的关系问题（C）对立与统一的关系问题（D）一般与个别的关系问题2 法律为人们的行为提供模式，标准，样式和方向，这是体现了法律的( )。

（A）约束性特征（B）严谨性特征（C）规范性特征（D）普遍性特征3 2014年11月1日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议通过设立国家宪法日。

“国家宪法日”的时间是( )。

（A）11月1日（B）12月4日（C）10月1日（D）12月5日4 一种行为的机会成本是指( )。

（A）为这种行为所花费的钱（B）为这种行为所花费的时间的价值（C）当你不必为这种行为付钱时就等于零（D）投入这种行为的全部资源的其它可能的用途5 人类社会关系中最基本的关系是( )。

（A）家庭关系（B）生产关系（C）宗教关系（D）政治关系6 太阳系的九大行星中，离太阳最近的是( )星，离太阳最远的是冥王星。

（A）水星（B）火星（C）木星（D）金星7 “东风不与周郎便，铜雀春深锁二乔”。

这首诗的作者生活的年代与诗中所描述的历史事件发生的年代大约相隔了( )。

（A）400年（B）500年（D）700年8 在古希腊古罗马神话中的诸神中，被称为“爱神”的是( )。

（A）丘比特（B）维纳斯（C）雅典娜（D）阿波罗9 拉丁美洲作家马尔克斯的《百年孤独》是一部( )作品。

（A）魔幻现实主义（B）批判现实主义（C）浪漫主义（D）现代主义10 “自由是做法律所许可的一切事情的权利；如果一个公民能够做法律所禁止的事情，他就不再有自由了，因为其他的人也同样会有这个权利。

”这段话出自( )。

（A）伏尔泰（B）列宁（C）孟德斯鸠（D）赫胥黎11 一个人全身的骨骼由( )块骨组成，分成躯干骨，颅骨和四肢骨三部分。

（B）205（C）206（D）20712 我国长江上建的第一座大桥是( )。

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题答案分享

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题答案分享各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

百科知识部分【中国文学】一、填空1山海经2《离骚》3山水诗4王昌龄5柳永6警世通言7临川四梦8桐城派9孔尚任10吴趼人的《二十年目睹之怪现状》。

11 呐喊和彷徨12 胡适《尝试集》13 爱情三部曲14 老舍15 高晓声二、选择1司马相如2曹丕3《诗品》。

4永明体5《使至塞上》6刘禹锡7柳宗元8红娘9金瓶梅10贾王史薛11 蘩漪12 沈从文13 上海屋檐下14 柳青15 平凡的世界三、名词解释1．江西诗派——以江西人黄庭坚为代表而得名。

主张以丰富的书本知识作为写诗的基础，“无一字无来处”。

积累古人的“佳句善字”，以备检用。

最著名的主张是："夺胎换骨"、"点铁成金"。

即或师承前人之辞、或师承前人之意的一种方法，目的是要在诗歌创作中“以故为新”。

还要求诗人以“自成一家”为努力目标，在下苦功掌握艺术技巧的基础上摆脱技巧的束缚而达到"无斧凿痕"的最高艺术境界。

成为宋代影响最大的流派。

江西诗派是中国古典诗歌发展过程中的一个重要环节。

其作品是宋诗的重要组成部分，其艺术风格是构成宋诗独特风貌的一个重要因素，它的诗歌理论也在中国文学批评史上占有一定的地位。

2．古文运动——中唐以韩愈、柳宗元为代表的文学家，为了挽救文坛危机，打着复古旗帜，提倡写秦汉那样的散文，反对骈文，并提出文以明道，文以载道，文以明理的主张，认为写文章应“有为而作”起讽喻和褒贬作用，同时也要重视作家的思想修养。

在语言上要“务去陈言”、“文从字顺”。

要把秦汉散文作为典范。

这个古文运动打击了骈文的写作，恢复了古文的创作传统。

四、论述题1、简述《史记》对中国文学的影响。

《史记》是伟大的历史著作，也是传记文学名著。

2015年北京第二外国语学院MTI翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研真题,考研经验,考研大纲,考研参考书

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研真题英语翻译基础一、汉译英15分1、《中庸》Doctrine of the Mean2、音译transliteration3、颐和园the Summer Palace4、目的语target language5、不可再生资源non-renewable resource6、中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences7、地方人民检察院Local People's Procuratorates8、领土完整territorial integrity9、货到付款cash on delivery（COD）10、对外贸易经济合作部the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation11、洋务运动Westernization Movement12、中国国际广播电台China Radio International(CRI)13、改革重点the key points of the reform15、宪法修正案amendments to the Constitution英译汉15分1、（EMS）express mail service特快专递2、（GNP）gross national product国民生产总值3、（OPEC）Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries石油输出国家组织4、mission commander指挥官5、The third party involvement第三方介入6、（IFF）International Football Federation国际足球联合会7、Non Aligned Movement不结盟运动8、House of Representatives众议院9、（IAEA)International Atomic Energy Agency国际原子能组织10、Direct dial to phone直拨电话11、（IQ)intelligence quotient智商12、computer assisted design计算机辅助设计13、Federal Bureau of Investigation联邦调查局二、段落英译汉60分人物传记类，讲述一个部落放牛郎成长为二十世纪最后一位伟大的解放者。

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题,考研大纲,考研复试分数线

2011年二外真题：英语翻译基础真题第一段China's bubblesA lot of things in China carry a whiff of excess./The cost of garlic is among them:wholesale prices have almost quadrupled since March.A halving of the planting area last year,and belief in the bulb's powers to ward off swine flu,provide some justification for the surge.But anecdotes of unbridled trading activity in Jinxiang county,home to China's largest garlic plant,suggest that the most likely cause is the most obvious–the abundant liquidity swilling through the system.//New loans in China may top Rmb10,000bn this year,double the run-rate of the preceding years;2010should bring anotherRmb7-8,000bn.第二段：In the week that Dominique Strauss-Kahn,head of the International Monetary Fund,said asset bubbles were a cost worth paying for reviving growth through loose monetary policy,China needs to distinguish between good ones and bad ones./A bubble in garlic is small,financed by private speculators,and relatively harmless when it bursts.//Bubbles in productive assets–roads,bridges,telecom lines–are also tolerable; capital has been put in place that can be exploited by somebody.解析第一段China's bubblesA lot of things in China carry a whiff of excess.中国泡沫在中国，很多东西都有着过度膨胀的趋势。

2015年北京第二外国语翻译硕士考研真题汇总

2015年北京第二外国语翻译硕士考研真题汇总各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上北京电影学院艺术硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的考研真题及经验，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

翻译硕士英语第一题是30个选择题，25个词汇题，词汇不难，有conspicious, patent, ，是专四水平，后5个是时态的一个题有三四个空吧，什么was， were， had， has 等等，反正当时看着特别混乱，大家还是打好基础吧第二题是阅读，前两个是选择，后两个是回答问题的，感觉后两个阅读有点难具体内容：有一个选allegiance 的意思，只记得其中一个是说 voilence, 最后一个是说美国的药品价格很高，民众抗议第三题是作文要求400字 human spend a major part of their adult life at work , how to get job satisfaction. What are the factors of job satisfaction. 大概是这个意思翻译基础第一题词汇翻译其实不难，还有去年原题教育部知识产权全球定位系统宪法修正案反倾销措施全国人民代表大会north american free trade zone 、IMF 、 non-proforming loan 、 Grant Contract of Land Ues Rights 、 forest coverage 、英译汉弹性休假制度世界文化遗产（13年原题）中国科学院（13年原题）新闻发布会（12年原题）扩大内需（12年原题）General Agreement on Tarriffs and Trade（12年原题）amendement to the constitution（12年原题，今年考的是汉译英“宪法修正案”）anti-dumping measures（12年原题，今年考汉译英“反倾销措施”）government procurement（12年原题，今年考汉译英“ZF采购”）Intellectual Property Right （12年原题，今年考汉译英“知识产权”）enjoy present hardships to revive 卧薪尝胆第二题英译汉关键词 UK media outlets，the royal baby（考完试找到了出处）Media outlets in the UK went berserk over the arrival of the royal baby. Reporters camped for days outside the hospital where the Duchess of Cambridge stayed; TV presenters spent prime time slots speculating on the baby’s name or when it would ascend the throne; tabloid newspaper The Sun even changed its masthead to “The Son”on the day the royal birth was announced.不久前，英国各大媒体为王室宝宝的到来而狂热不已。

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题,考研参考书,招生简章

北京第二外国语学院《翻译硕士英语》考研样题I.Vocabulary and grammar(30’)Multiple choiceDirections:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on your answer sheet.1.Thousands of people turned out into the streets to_________against the local authorities’decision to build a highway across the field.A.contradictB.reformC.counterD.protest2.The majority of nurses are women,but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a _________.A.minorityB.scarcityC.rarityD.minimum3.Professor Johnson’s retirement________from next January.A.carries into effectB.takes effectC.has effectD.puts into effect4.The president explained that the purpose of taxation was to________government spending.A.financeB.expandC.enlargeD.budget5.The heat in summer is no less_________here in this mountain region.A.concentratedB.extensiveC.intenseD.intensive6.Taking photographs is strictly________here,as it may damage the precious cave paintings.A.forbiddenB.rejectedC.excludedD.denied7.Mr.Brown’s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will_________.A.pull backB.pull upC.pull throughD.pull out8.Since the early nineties,the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand,always-available products and services that suit the customer’s_________rather than the company’s.A.benefitB.availabilityC.suitabilityD.convenience9.The priest made the________of the cross when he entered the church.A.markB.signalC.signD.gesture10.This spacious room is________furnished with just a few articles in it.A.lightlyB.sparselyC.hardlyD.rarely11.If you explained the situation to your solicitor,he________able to advise you much better than I can.A.would beB.will have beenC.wasD.were12.With some men dressing down and some other men flaunting their looks,it is really hard to tell they are gay or_________.A.straightB.homosexualC.beautifulD.sad13.His remarks were________annoy everybody at the meeting.A.so as toB.such as toC.such toD.as much as to14.James has just arrived,but I didn’t know he_________until yesterday.A.will comeB.was comingC.had been comingD.came15._________conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.A.I was and always will beB.I have to be and always will beC.I had been and always will beD.I have been and always will be16.Because fuel supplies are finite and many people are wasteful,we will have to install_________solar heating device in our home.A.some type ofB.some types of aC.some type of aD.some types of17.I went there in1984,and that was the only occasion when I________the journey in exactly two days.A.must takeB.must have madeC.was able to makeD.could make18.I know he failed his last test,but really he’s_________stupid.A.something butB.anything butC.nothing butD.not but19.Do you know Tim’s brother?He is_________than Tim.A.much more sportsmanB.more of a sportsmanC.more of sportsmanD.more a sportsman20.That was not the first time he________us.I think it’s high time we________strong actions against him.A.betrayed…takeB.had betrayed…tookC.has betrayed…tookD.has betrayed…takeII.Reading comprehension(40’)Section1Multiple choice(20’)Directions:In this section there are reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions.Read thepassages and then mark your answers on your answer sheet.Passage AThe Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity,but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx,once widely spoken on the Isle of Man but now extinct. Government financing and central planning,however,have helped reverse the decline of Welsh.Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English,and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages.Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europe’s regional languages,spoken by more than a half-million of the country’s three million people.The revival of the language,particularly among young people,is part of a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small,proud st month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly,the first parliament to be convened here since1404.The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom.With most of the people and wealth,England has always had bragging rights.The partial transfer of legislative powers from Westminster,implemented by Tony Blair,was designed to give the other members of the club—Scotland,Northern Ireland,and Wales—a bigger say and to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution.Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for a parliament,the vote for a Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout of less than25percent.Its powers were proportionately limited.The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European Union is spent.It cannot,unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh,enact laws.But now that it is here,the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly.Many people would like it to have more powers.Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in2003,of a new debating chamber,one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-style waterfront city.Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from the European Union will tackle poverty.Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe—only Spain,Portugal,and Greece have a lower standard of living.Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women,boosting self-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added new icons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones,the movie star,and Bryn Terfel,the opera singer.Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue.And Wales now boasts a national airline,Awyr Cymru.Cymru,which means“land of compatriots”, is the Welsh name for Wales.The red dragon,the nation’s symbol since the time of King Arthur,is everywhere—on T-shirts,rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers.“Until very recent times most Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citizens,”said Dyfan Jones,an18-year-old student.It was a warm summer night,and I was sitting on the grass with a group of young people in Llanelli,an industrial town in the south,outside the rock music venue of the National Eisteddfod,Wales’s annual cultural festival.The disused factory in front of us echoed to the sounds of new Welsh bands.“There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence,”Dyfan continued.Equally comfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking,global youth culture and the new federal Europe,Dyfan,like the rest of his generation,is growing up with a sense of possibility unimaginable ten years ago.“We used to think.We can’t do anything,we’re only Welsh.Now I think that’s changing.”1.According to the passage,devolution was mainly meant toA.maintain the present status among the nations.B.reduce legislative powers of England.C.create a better state of equality among the nations.D.grant more say to all the nations in the union.2.The word“centrifugal”in the second paragraph meansA.separatist.B.conventional.C.feudal.D.political3.Wales is different from Scotland in all the following aspects EXCEPTA.people’s desire for devolution.B.locals’turnout for the voting.C.powers of the legislative body.D.status of the national language.4.Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of the resurgence of Welsh national identity?A.Welsh has witnessed a revival as a national language.B.Poverty-relief funds have come from the European Union.C.A Welsh national airline is currently in operation.D.The national symbol has become a familiar sight.5.According to Dyfan Jones what has changed isA.people’s mentality.B.pop culture.C.town’s appearance.D.possibilities for the people.Passage BThe miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history,one of those awful events that everyone agrees must never be allowed to happen again.This urge is understandable and noble: thousands have lost virtually all their retirement savings with the demise of Enron stock.But making sure it never happens again may not be possible,because the sudden impoverishment of those Enron workers represents something even larger than it seems.It’s the latest turn in the unwinding of one of the most audacious promises of the20th century.The promise was assured economic security—even comfort—for essentially everyone in the developed world.With the explosion of wealth,that began in the19th century it became possible to think about a possibility no one had dared to dream before.The fear at the center of daily living since caveman days—lack of food,warmth,shelter—would at last lose its power to terrify.That remarkable promise became reality in many ernments created welfare systems for anyone in need and separate programs for the elderly(Social Security in the U.S.).Labour unions promised not only better pay for workers but also pensions for retirees.Giant corporations came into being and offered the possibility—insome cases the promise—of lifetime employment plus guaranteed pensions?The cumulative effect was a fundamental change in how millions of people approached life itself,a reversal of attitude that most rank as one of the largest in human history.For millennia the average person’s stance toward providing for himself had been.Ultimately I’m on my own.Now it became,ultimately I’ll be taken care of.The early hints that this promise might be broken on a large scale came in the1980s.U.S.business had become uncompetitive globally and began restructuring massively,with huge Layoffs.The trend accelerated in the1990s as the bastions of corporate welfare faced reality.IBM ended its no-layoff policy. AT&T fired thousands,many of whom found such a thing simply incomprehensible,and a few of whom killed themselves.The other supposed guarantors of our economic security were also in decline. Labour-union membership and power fell to their lowest levels in decades.President Clinton signed a historic bill scaling back welfare.Americans realized that Social Security won’t provide social security for any of us.A less visible but equally significant trend affected pensions.To make costs easier to control,companies moved away from defined benefit pension plans,which obligate them to pay out specified amounts years in the future,to defined contribution plans,which specify only how much goes into the play today.The most common type of defined-contribution plan is the401(k).the significance of the401(k)is that it puts most of the responsibility for a person’s economic fate back on the employee.Within limits the employee must decide how much goes into the plan each year and how it gets invested—the two factors that will determine how much it’s worth when the employee retires.Which brings us back to Enron?Those billions of dollars in vaporized retirement savings went in employees’401(k)accounts.That is,the employees chose how much money to put into those accounts and then chose how to invest it.Enron matched a certain proportion of each employee’s401(k)contribution with company stock,so everyone was going to end up with some Enron in his or her portfolio;but that could be regarded as a freebie,since nothing compels a company to match employee contributions at all. At least two special features complicate the Enron case.First,some shareholders charge top management with illegally covering up the company’s problems,prompting investors to hang on when they should have sold.Second,Enron’s401(k)accounts were locked while the company changed plan administrators in October,when the stock was falling,so employees could not have closed their accounts if they wanted to. But by far the largest cause of this human tragedy is that thousands of employees were heavily overweighed in Enron stock.Many had placed100%of their401(k)assets in the stock rather than in the 18other investment options they were offered.Of course that wasn’t prudent,but it’s what some of them did.The Enron employees’retirement disaster is part of the larger trend away from guaranteed economic security.That’s why preventing such a thing from ever happening again may be impossible.The huge attitudinal shift to I’ll-be-taken-care-of took at least a generation.The shift back may take just as long.It won’t be complete until a new generation of employees see assured economic comfort as a20th-century quirk,and understand not just intellectually but in their bones that,like most people in most times and places,they’re on their own.6.Why does the author say at the beginning“The miserable fate of Enron’s employees will be a landmark in business history…”?A.Because the company has gone bankrupt.B.Because such events would never happen again.C.Because many Enron workers lost their retirement savings.D.Because it signifies a turning point in economic security.7.According to the passage,the combined efforts by governments,layout unions and big corporations to guarantee economic comfort have led to a significant change inA.people’s outlook on life.B.people’s life styles.C.people’s living standard.D.people’s social values.8.Changes in pension schemes were also part ofA.the corporate lay-offs.B.the government cuts in welfare spending.C.the economic restructuring.D.the warning power of labors unions.9.Thousands of employees chose Enron as their sole investment option mainly becauseA.the401(k)made them responsible for their own future.B.Enron offered to add company stock to their investment.C.their employers intended to cut back on pension spending.D.Enron’s offer was similar to a defined-benefit plan.10.Which is NOT seen as a lesson drawn from the Enron disaster?A.The401(k)assets should be placed in more than one investment option.B.Employees have to take up responsibilities for themselves.C.Such events could happen again as it is not easy to change people’s mind.D.Economic security won’t be taken for granted by future young workers.Section2Answering questions(20’)Directions:Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each e only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your answer sheet.Questions1～3For40years the sight of thousands of youngsters striding across the open moorland has been as much an annual fixture as spring itself.But the2,400school pupils who join the grueling Dartmoor Ten Tors Challenge next Saturday may be among the last to take part in the May tradition.The trek faces growing criticism from environmentalists who fear that the presence of so many walkers on one weekend threatens the survival of some of Dartmoor’s internationally rare bird species.The Ten Tors Challenge takes place in the middle of the breeding season,when the slightest disturbance can jeopardize birds’chances of reproducing successfully.Experts at the RSPB and the Dartmoor National Park Authority fear that the walkers could frighten birds and even crush eggs.They are now calling for the event to be moved to the autumn,when the breeding season is over and chicks should be well anisers of the event,which is led by about400Territorial Army volunteers,saymoving it would be impractical for several reasons and would mean pupils could not train properly for the 55-mile trek.Dartmoor is home to10rare species of ground-nesting birds,including golden plovers, dunlins and lapwings.In some cases,species are either down to their last two pairs on the moor or are facing a nationwide decline.Emma Parkin,South-west spokeswoman for the PASPB,took part in the challenge as a schoolgirl. She said the society had no objections to the event itself but simply wanted it moved to another time of year.“It is a wonderful activity for the children who take part but,having thousands of people walking past in one weekend when birds are breeding is hardly ideal,”she said.“We would prefer it to take place after the breeding and nesting season is over.There is a risk of destruction and disturbance.If the walkers put a foot in the wrong place they can crush the eggs and if there is sufficient disturbance the birds might abandon the nest.”Helen Booker,an RSPB upland conservation officer,said there was no research into the scale of the damage but there was little doubt the walk was detrimental.“If people are tramping past continually it can harm the chances of successful nesting.There is also the fear of direct trampling of eggs.”A spokesman for the Dartmoor National Park Authority said the breeding season on the moor lasted from early March to mid-July,and the Ten Tors Challenge created the potential for disturbance for March, when participants start training.To move the event to the autumn was difficult because children would be on holiday during the training period.There was a possibility that some schools in the Southwest move to a four-term year in 2004,“but until then any change was unlikely.The authority last surveyed bird life on Dartmoor two year ago and if the next survey showed any further decline,it would increase pressure to move the Challenge,”he said.Major Mike Pether,secretary of the army committee that organises the Challenge,said the event could be moved if there was the popular will.“The Ten Tors has been running for42years and it has always been at this time of the year.It is almost in tablets of stone but that’s not to say we won’t consider moving if there is a consensus in favour.However,although the RSPB would like it moved,75per cent of the people who take part want it to stay as it is,”he said.Major Pether said the trek could not be moved to earlier in the year because it would conflict with the lambing season,most of the children were on holiday in the summer,and the winter weather was too harsh.Datmoor National Park occupies some54sq km of hills topped by granite outcrops known as“Tors”with the highest Tor-capped hill reaching621m.The valleys and dips between the hills are often sites of bogs to snare the unwary hiker.The moor has long been used by the British Army as a training and firing range.The origin of the event stretches back to1959when three Army officers exercising on the moor thought it would provide a challenge for civilians as well as soldiers.In the first year203youngsters took up the challenges.Since then teams,depending on age and ability,face hikes of35,45or55miles between 10nominated Tors over two days.They are expected to carry everything they need to survive.1.What is the Ten Tors Challenge?Give a brief introduction of its location and history.2.Why is it suggested that the event be moved to the autumn or other seasons?3.What are the difficulties if the event is moved to the autumn or other seasons?Questions4～5Mike and Adam Hurewitz grew up together on Long Island,in the suburbs of New York City.They were very close,even for brothers.So when Adam’s liver started failing,Mike offered to give him half of his.The operation saved Adam’s life.But Mike,who went into the hospital in seemingly excellent health,developed a complication—perhaps a blood colt—and died last week.He was57.Mike Hurewitz’s death has prompted a lot of soul searching in the transplant community.Was it a tragic fluke or a sign that transplant surgery has reached some kind of ethical limit?The Mount Sinai Medical Center,the New York City hospital where the complex double operation was performed,has put on hold its adult living donor liver transplant program,pending a review of Hurewitz’s death.Mount Sinai has performed about100such operations in the past three years.A1-in-100risk of dying may not seem like bad odds,but there’s more to this ethical dilemma than a simple ratio.The first and most sacred rule of medicine is to do no harm.“For a normal healthy person a mortality rate1%is hard to justify,”says Dr.John Fung,chief of transplantation at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center.“If the rate stays at1%,it’s just not going to be accepted.”On the other hand, there’s an acute shortage of traditional donor organs from people who have died in accidents or suffered fatal heart attacks.If family members fully understand the risks and are willing to proceed,is there any reason to stand in their way?Indeed,a recent survey showed that most people will accept a mortality rate for living organ donors as high as20%.The odds,thankfully,aren’t nearly that bad.For kidney donors,for example,the risk ranges from1in2,500to1in4,000for a healthy volunteer.That helps explain why nearly40%of kidney transplants in the e from living donors.The operation to transplant a liver,however,is a lot trickier than one to transplant a kidney.Not only is the liver packed with blood vessels,but it also makes lots of proteins that need to be produced in the right ratios for the body to survive.When organs from the recently deceased are used,the surgeon gets to pick which part of the donated liver looks the best and to take as much of it as needed.Assuming all goes well,a healthy liver can grow back whatever portion of the organ is missing,sometimes within a month.A living-donor transplant works particularly well when an adult donates a modest portion of the liver to a ually only the left lobe of the organ is required,leading to a mortality rate for living-donors in the neighborhood of1in500to1in1,000.But when the recipient is another adult,as much as60%of the donor’s liver has to be removed.“There really is very little margin for error,”says Dr.Fung.By way of analogy,he suggests,think of a tree.“An adult-to-child living-donor transplant is like cutting off a limb. With an adult-to-adult transplant,you’re splitting the trunk in half and trying to keep both halves alive.”Even if a potential donor understand and accepts these risks,that doesn’t necessarily mean the operation should proceed.All sorts of subtle pressures can be brought to bear on such a decision,says Dr. Mark Siegler,director of the MacLean for Clinical Medical Ethics at the University of Chicago.“Sometimes the sicker the patient,the greater the pressure and the more willing the donor will be to accept risks.”If you feel you can’t say no,is your decision truly voluntary?And if not,is it the medical community’s responsibility to save you from your own best intentions?Transplant centers have developed screening programs to ensure that living donors fully understand the nature of their decision.But unexamined,for the most part,is the larger issue of just how much a volunteer should be allowed to sacrifice to save another human being.So far,we seem to be saying some risk is acceptable,although we’re still vaguer about where the cutoff should be.There will always be family members like Mike Hurewitz who are heroically prepared to make the ultimate sacrifice for a loved one.What the medical profession and society must decide is if it’s appropriate to let them do so.4.Describe in your own words the liver transplant between the two brothers Mike and Adam.5.What is the major issue raised in the article?III.Writing(30’)Some people see education simply as going to school or college,or as a means to secure good jobs; other people view education as a lifelong process.In your opinion,how important is education to people in the modern society?Write a composition of about400words on your view of the topic.1.坚定的决心请随时随地问自己：我到底想要什么?是想要，还是一定要？如果是想要，我们可能什么都得不到；如果是一定要，我们一定能够有方法得到。

2015年北京第二外国语大学翻译硕士考研辅导班真题与答案精选

2015年北京第二外国语大学翻译硕士考研辅导班真题与答案精选各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上北京第二外国语大学翻译硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

百科写作部分亚麻的生产主要集中在哪一省份？黑龙江古代著名的水利工程都江堰是谁设计的：李冰父子东岳庙素以“三多”著称，其中不包括哪一“多”？和尚多是谁发现了好望角？迪亚士世界上最大的湖泊是：地中海特种工艺品景泰蓝也叫铜胎掐丝珐琅，它是哪里的特产？北京阿拉伯人属于：白种人是谁出卖了耶稣？犹大美国国旗星条旗最初制定时旗上有多少颗星？13颗文艺复兴时期的《忏悔录》是谁写的？卢梭从日月山流入青海湖的倒淌河的流向是：由东向西昭君墓为什么又叫做“青冢”？墓上草色常青湖南湖北的“湖”是指：洞庭湖哥伦布航海计划得到谁的支持才变成现实？西班牙王后我国的哪一个民族有纪念“盘古皇”的习惯？瑶族日冕的内层温度约为多少？100万摄氏度从长远来看，解决水资源利用问题的途径是：设法用最经济的办法淡化海水云南的“普洱茶”缘于：地名下面哪座山是中国佛教四大名山之一？峨嵋山下列丐帮帮主，最早的是谁？萧峰中亚地跨亚欧两洲的国家是：哈萨克斯坦历史上有热河之称的地方是：承德吴哥寺是世界上最大的印度教寺庙建筑群，它位于：柬埔寨蒙古语中的“召”，是什么意思？庙宇印度的麻纺织工业中心是：加尔各答在我国，自古就有“天府之国”美誉的地区是四川盆地我国最大的内陆咸水湖是：青海湖冬虫夏草自然生长在我国哪些地区？青藏、云贵高原及东北地区太阳的平均密度是多少？1.4克每立方厘米我国哪个民族喜爱饮用马奶酒？蒙古族每个帝王陵区只有一个主神道，一般修在谁的陵前？第一个埋葬者以下哪条瀑布最宽？黄果树以下哪座塔是元大都保留至今的重要标志，也是我国现存最早最大的一座藏式佛塔。

妙应寺白塔在我国，自古就有“天府之国”美誉的地区是：四川盆地"干冰"的成分是：CO2以下行星中不用天文望远镜不能看到的是：天王星我国最先出现的纸币是：宋代的“交子”发明了电话的科学家是：贝尔才思教育网址：泼水节是我国哪一民族一年中最盛大的节日？傣族我国第一大湖是：鄱阳湖素有“沙漠之舟”之称的内蒙古双峰驼生长在：荒漠地区复活节岛地处：南太平洋牛郎星是哪一个星座的第一亮星？天鹰座月亮自转一周大约是地球上的多少天？27天东北大平原由松嫩平原、三江平原与哪个平原组成？辽河平原UFO的具体涵义是：不明飞行物我国第一座地热发电站是：羊八井中亚气候的最大特征是：干旱素有“煤铁之乡”之称的省份是哪一省？山西省夏季又名：昊天现存最著名的三大金字塔不包括：艾菲尔金字塔年考研失败后，工作了四五个月，顶着家人反对的压力，毅然偷偷选择了辞职考研。

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题整理

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题整理各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

二外国语大学翻译硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

1.红楼梦2.寿桃3.春卷4.国有企业5.污水处理6.海峡两岸关系7.新闻发布会8.国库券9.国家外汇储备10.综合国力11.温带大陆性气候12.义务教育13.扩大内需14.短篇小说15.科幻电影1.HIV carrier2.Blu-ray disc3.Hubble Space Telescope4.activate caebon5.General Agreement on Tarriffs and Trade6.Intellectual Property Right7.CBD8.amendement to the constitution9.deposit-reserve ratio10.retail price11.body bomb12.insurance company13.Gaza Strip14.anti-dumping measuresernment procurement两篇英译汉：1.CUNY City College 的申请，美国大学的申请什么的2.e-waste的处理两篇汉译英：1.《中国翻译》上梁实秋的《学问与趣味》第一段百度出来的。

前辈的学者常以学问的趣味启迪后生，因为他们自己实在是得到了学问的趣味，故不惜现身说法，诱导后学，使他们在愉快的心情之下走进学问的大门。

例如，梁任公先生就说过：“我是个主张趣味主义的人，倘若用化学化分‘梁启超’这件东西，把里头所含的一种元素叫‘趣味’的抽出来，只怕所剩下的仅有个零了。

”任公先生注重趣味，学问甚是渊博，而并不存在任何外在的动机，只是“无所为而为”，故能有他那样的成就。

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题答案解析

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题答案解析各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

百科知识部分论述题1、答：佛教自东汉传入中国，逐渐本土化，并对中国的文化发生了巨大的影响，文学也概莫能外，而作为中国文学的正宗的诗歌更是蒙受其沾溉，其对中国诗歌创作的影响有如下几点：A，对格律诗的形成起了作用。

佛教传入后，由于其佛经诵读梵呗之声，使得中国人发现了汉语四声的特点，经过永明体作者的努力，汉语四声的特点终于成为诗歌艺术zhog 极为重要的一环。

汉语诗歌在文人手中，脱离了音乐，但诗歌本质上要求要有规律，于是，通过文字本身的特点来体现韵律成为诗歌的当务之急，而四声的发现则满足了这一要求。

于是，人们理清了汉字的平仄关系后，格律诗也就呼之欲出了。

B，扩大了中国古代诗歌的意境创造空间。

印度人士最富于想象力的民族，尤其是在佛教中有关地狱与西方极乐世界的想象力令人惊叹。

而中华民族一直是关注现实的民族，在玄想方面要有所欠缺。

佛教的传入丰富了中华民族的想象力，使得中华艺术中，掺进了一些光怪陆离的想象，这得益于佛教不少。

而诗歌的意境创造也自魏晋以来，得益于佛教不少，甚至到了后世，中国化了的佛教支派禅宗对中国诗歌的思维方式还有更有更为重要的影响。

C，扩大了诗作者的范围。

纵观中国古代诗歌史，诗僧是一个大量的存在，他们以他们独特的双重身份，写出了不少独具特色的诗歌作品来。

D，扩大了诗歌描写的题材范围。

古代诗歌的题材范围并不时在一开始就无所不包的，而是在历史诗人开创性的创造后逐渐蔚为大观的。

而自从有了佛教的传入，他们便带来了一整套的文化，而面对这些，古代的诗人们写出了大量优秀的作品。

比如大量吟咏寺庙或与僧人交往酬答的作品。

E，为诗歌创作提供了更多可以使用的典故。

使用典故是中国古典诗歌的主要特点。

这可以扩大诗作的信息量，以简约的语言表达丰富的情思。

2015年北京第二外国语大学翻译硕士考研辅导班真题精选

2015年北京第二外国语大学翻译硕士考研辅导班真题精选各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上北京第二外国语大学翻译硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

百科写作部分俄国十月革命发生在俄历几月几号？10月25日塔西提岛在哪里？太平洋1976年唐山发生7.8级强地震，此时北京测得震级与烈度与唐山相比：震级相同，唐山的烈度较大不属于隋代三师的是：太尉人权宣言是在哪个会议上通过的？制宪会议1898年发生的变法是：戊戌变法下列哪个地方的日照时间最长？撒哈拉沙漠不属于佛教三宝的是：禅武汉长江大桥建于：1957伊朗的官方语言是：波斯语“土木之变”中被捉的皇帝是：明英宗秃头歌女是谁的作品？尤乃斯库来源于太阳能的新能源是：风能“金戈铁马，气吞万里如虎”是谁写的词句？辛弃疾大约在1882年，世界上出现了：电车被称为“国际会议之都”的城市是：日内瓦岛屿数量最少的洲是哪个洲？非洲我国和世界目前森林覆盖率分别是：13.4%，22%泰坦尼克号沉船事故中，只有多少人生还？695人阖闾和夫差是什么关系？父子南北朝时期西南地区有一次大规模移民事件，叫做“僚人入蜀”。

请问他们是从哪里去的？贵州在泰山上的中天门路旁的五大夫松是哪个皇帝登泰山是封的？秦始皇我国的恐龙博物馆在：四川自贡地球北回归线上的唯一的自然风景保护区“鼎湖山”在：云南昆明弱冠指的是：二十岁太平洋平均深度：四千米长江三角洲的成因主要是:流水的堆积作用1930年至1933年，红军连续粉碎了国民党的几次“围剿”？4火湖位于哪个洲?拉丁美洲最早的圆规是什么样子的?绳套两端各一木棍四川盆地又称:红色盆地泰坦尼克号出航后第几天撞上了冰山?5非洲英雄马赫迪是哪个国家的？苏丹北宋是中国历史上以汉族为主体建立的封建王朝，建都：开封庐山是一座：正确答案：断层山夏代末年，夏王室内政不修，外患不断，阶级矛盾日趋尖锐。

夏桀即位后骄奢淫逸，日夜与谁饮酒作乐，挥霍无度？妹喜英国“Beatles”乐队哪一年在沙利文首场演出之后风靡整个美国？196438个油篓子和一个少女的雕像是哪个城市的标志？正确答案：伊拉克巴格达哪个火山的爆发毁灭了古罗马帝国的庞贝城？维苏威火山.“玄武门之变”前，魏征在谁的手下做事？李建成宋代的代表性刑罚是：正确答案：刺配秦日纲在太平军中担任的是：燕王属于可再生的清洁的常规能源是：水能现在已知的最高的山在：火星上南宋时期最出名的*臣是：秦桧黑洞是最神秘的宇宙之迷。

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题答案选编

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题答案选编各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

百科知识部分世界上最大的岛屿是：格陵兰“海的女儿”是哪个城市的城徽？哥本哈根我国梁式桥型的精品杰作洛阳桥位于何地？福建泉州妙应寺白塔始建于元朝至元八年（公元1271年），由当时哪国的工艺家阿尼哥奉敕主持修建？尼伯尔我国第一大河长江有多长：5900公里山东山西的“山”是指：太行山《天体运行论》论证了什么？地球绕着太阳转中国气象部门以多长时间内的降水量来区分雨的大小？24小时阿尔卑斯山脉的最高峰是：勃朗峰关于日本的经济说法正确的是：日本著名的海港是横滨和神户芬兰人属于：北欧民族人们常说纯理性的爱情是“柏拉图式的爱情”，那么柏拉图是谁的弟子？苏格拉底下列作物主要生在长热带和亚热带的是：甘蔗法国被处死的最后一个皇帝是谁？路易十六《古兰经》是哪个教的圣书？伊斯兰教铁矿资源主要集中在哪些省市？辽宁、山西顺治出家后的法号为：行痴地球自转一周大约要多少时间？24小时大月氏王国在5世纪后半叶亡于：厳哒最早的纸币源于哪个国家？中国世界的活马博物馆在：法国巴黎世界上最古老的海是：死海欧洲有很长的一段时间徘徊在黑暗年代，后人称为“黑暗的中世纪”，以下哪一个生活在那个不幸的年代？伽利略下列物产中，最大产地在东南亚的是：天然橡胶，椰子夏威夷在地理位置上属于哪个洲？大洋洲亚欧大陆桥欧洲的终点站是：鹿特丹印度的国鸟是：绿孔雀面临江上大风大雨时，吴六奇唱的是哪一出戏？《沉江》国际自然保护联合会成立于：1948年春城是指我国哪一城市？昆明台风产生在：热带海洋契丹在北朝时，分为几部？8古埃及的畜牧业很发达，但以下哪种牲畜他们没有饲养过？恐龙“作怀不乱”说的是：柳下惠清劲风是风力几级的风？5级“四大人种”中的黄种又做：蒙古人种雷克亚未克是哪个国家首都？冰岛中国思想包含了许多相对的理论，如“祸福相依”，这是哪一家的思想？道家古巴的官方语言是：西班牙语“西出阳关无故人”中的“阳关”在现在的哪个省（区）？新疆中国民族工业短暂发展时涌现的民族资本家不包括：张之洞发射第一颗人造卫星的国家是：前苏联强风是风力几级的风？6级我国大陆轮廓基本形成的地质时代是：岩浆活动古老生命的时代叫作：古生代关于九大行星的叙述，正确的是：都有固体外壳月亮背面的中心部分是什么？山系世界上盐度最高的海区在：红海第一次探索月球的阿波罗号在飞离地球几天后到达月球？4天翻译硕士英语单选30个，专四难度。

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题精编

2015年北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士考研真题精编各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上北京第二外国语学院翻译硕士，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

百科知识部分一、填空（每空1分，共12）1、封建时代帝王祭祀天地的仪式以__________最为隆重。

2、甲骨文以后的文字是金文，又叫__________。

3、历史上著名的《春江花月夜》乐曲属于__________。

4、宋代画家张择端的传世名作是__________。

5、京剧的形成，始于清乾隆年间的___________。

6、素有“东南名园之冠”称誉的私宅园林是__________。

7、楹联又叫对联，起源很早，普及和兴盛则是在____________。

6、“流觞曲水”是古人在__________的主要活动内容之一。

7、中国佛教中主张教外别传、不立文字的宗派是_____________。

10、在《世界遗产名录》中，中国的黄山属于____________。

11、第一部由西方人撰写的介绍中国的著作是____________。

12、香港特别行政区包括香港岛、九龙和____________三个组成部分。

二、选择填空（将正确的编号写在横线上，每空1分，共10分）1、中国古代母系氏社会最具有代表性的文化是_______。

A、龙山文化B、仰韶文化C、大汶口文化D、河姆渡文化2、从历史记载中可知，我国纸写本书籍最早出现在_______。

A、先秦时期B、东汉时期C、魏晋时期D、隋唐时期3、南宋时期“四大书院”不包括_________。

A、岳麓书院B、丽泽书院C、石鼓书院D、白鹿原书院4、我国最早出现的园林属于_________。

A、寺庙园林B、私宅园林C、公共园林D、皇家园林5、现存最古老的藏书楼是________。

A、浙江宁波的天一阁B、江苏常熟的汲古阁C、山东聊城的海源阁D、江苏常熟的绛云楼6、“变文”是唐代的说唱艺术，宋元时发展成著名的__________。